EP0423579B1 - Cleaning device for charging- and discharging-casting siphons of a furnace - Google Patents

Cleaning device for charging- and discharging-casting siphons of a furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0423579B1
EP0423579B1 EP90119231A EP90119231A EP0423579B1 EP 0423579 B1 EP0423579 B1 EP 0423579B1 EP 90119231 A EP90119231 A EP 90119231A EP 90119231 A EP90119231 A EP 90119231A EP 0423579 B1 EP0423579 B1 EP 0423579B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clearing
siphon
clearing tool
drill
driven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90119231A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0423579A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Gillhaus
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ABB AG Germany
ABB AB
Original Assignee
Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
Asea Brown Boveri AB
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Publication of EP0423579A1 publication Critical patent/EP0423579A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F27D25/001—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1527—Taphole forming equipment, e.g. boring machines, piercing tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F27B14/065—Channel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0054—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump
    • F27D2003/0056—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump through a syphon in a vacuum chamber, e.g. involving aspiration or pressure on the bath

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace suitable for holding liquid metal from slag mixtures.
  • Such an oven in which the liquid metal is poured in or out via siphons, is known, for example, from BBC publication no. DIA 124684 D, special print from BBC gamingen, volume 66, issue 7/1984, pages 258 to 262.
  • slag approaches in particular storage furnaces and die-casting furnaces, the problem arises that siphons, in particular pouring siphons, are narrowed in their cross-section by slag approaches, so that, for example, the filling and / or pouring speed in storage furnaces must be greatly reduced.
  • the filling speed must be reduced to avoid overflows (swallowing capacity is reduced).
  • the pouring speed is automatically reduced by the constrictions. This can be the case with die casting furnaces additionally the pressure control can be disturbed.
  • slag approaches can cause significant safety problems due to liquid metal squeezed out like a fountain.
  • the cause of the slag deposits in the siphon can be, on the one hand, that the melt is not carefully purged before it is poured into the furnace, that the melt contains slag-forming elements such as S, CaO, Mg, and that the melt contains fine, floating slag particles or that the melt comes into increased contact with oxygen when it is poured into the furnace.
  • the frequently changing bath level in the siphons creates changing areas of attack by slag, oxygen and melt during partial heating and cooling.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for cleaning the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace, with which a thorough removal of the slag approaches is made possible in a short amount of time.
  • a device for cleaning with a frame which can be connected to the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace suitable for holding liquid metal, the frame serving to guide a driven cleaning tool penetrating into the siphon channel and via a flange plate with the flanges of the Pouring or pouring siphons is connected.
  • the advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the proposed, workplace-friendly device for cleaning removes the slag batches in a way that saves time and material. No additional oxygen gets into the melt during the cleaning process. In addition, the work with the proposed device does not suffer from excessive temperature and smoke.
  • Fig. 1 the basic structure of a die casting furnace is shown.
  • a die casting furnace 1 with a centrally arranged boiler 2, a pouring siphon 3, a pouring siphon 4 and a cover 5 for closing the boiler 2 can be seen.
  • Boiler 2, pouring siphon 3, pouring siphon 4 and cover 5 are lined with ceramic walls. Both the pouring siphon 3 and pouring siphon 4 can be divided approximately in half and are connected to one another via flanges 6.
  • the level of the liquid iron 7 entering the boiler 2 through the pouring siphon 3 is regulated with compressed gas (see arrows) to a uniform level in accordance with the respective contents of the boiler 2.
  • the channel inductor 8 additionally heats the liquid iron 7.
  • contact pins 10 are provided in the pouring siphon 4.
  • a stopper 11 At the outlet of the pouring siphon 4 there is a stopper 11 with stopper actuation and pouring nozzle.
  • the stroke of the plug 11 determines the amount Liquid iron 7 for the funnel, the casting mold 12 located below the pouring device of the pouring siphon 4.
  • the die casting furnace 1 rests on a base frame with longitudinal and transverse running gear 9.
  • the task is to free the pouring siphon 3 and pouring siphon 4 from slag approaches.
  • the siphons 3, 4 are opened via their flanges 6 and a cleaning device (described in detail in FIG. 11) can clean the opened siphon channels.
  • Suitable cleaning tools such as plungers, chisels or drills of the cleaning device engage in the siphon channels and loosen the slag deposits.
  • plungers 2 to 4 different embodiments of plungers are shown.
  • 2 shows a hollow cylindrical siphon channel 13 delimited by a ceramic wall 14, on the walls of which slag deposits 17 have become attached.
  • a cylindrical plunger 16 is used as the cleaning tool, which is actuated by the cleaning device via a cleaning rod 15 with a square cross section, i.e. for example in the sense of a rotary hammer is moved forward in translation.
  • the diameter of the plunger 16 is preferably somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the siphon channel 13. In the case of a strong slag approach, however, a plunger which has only a diameter of half the clear width of the siphon channel can expediently be pushed in a first operation. In a second operation, cleaning is then carried out with the aid of a plunger with a diameter that is adapted to the clear width of the siphon channel.
  • the plunger shown in FIG. 3 consists of three disks 18, each with the same diameter, spacer disks 19 of smaller diameter being provided between two disks 18. With the aid of a plunger designed in this way, part of the slag that has been repelled can advantageously be transported out of the siphon channel.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plunger which has at least two disks 20 with a graduated diameter as a cleaning tool, as a result of which a “plunger tip” is formed.
  • 5 and 6 different embodiments of chisels are shown.
  • 5 shows an asymmetrical chisel 21 with a lateral tip.
  • This chisel 21 is also driven by the cleaning device, preferably in the sense of a rotary hammer - possibly additionally rotating.
  • a chisel 22 with two lateral tips is shown in FIG. 6, which enables a more uniform machining of the siphon channel 13.
  • FIG. 7 shows a drill 23 with two cutting edges offset by 180 ° each
  • FIG. 8 a drill 24 with three cutting edges each offset by 120 ° is used.
  • the drill 25 shown in FIG. 9 has a single cutting edge that extends over the entire diameter of the drill and has its own “pre-drill tip”. This drill 25 can be used in particular if a siphon channel 13 is to be cleaned, which is already completely clogged with slag.
  • FIG. 10 shows a drill 26 with two cutting edges, which has a spiral 27 for transporting the slag out of the siphon channel 13.
  • the spiral 27 can, for example, be “wound” around the cleaning rod 15.
  • Heat-resistant steel or ceramic can be used as materials for the plunger, chisel and drill, and the heat-resistant steel can also be water-cooled as desired.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cleaning device for siphons.
  • a pot-shaped frame 28 with a flange plate 29 attached to the edge of the jacket can be seen.
  • the frame 28 engages coaxially over the sprue siphon 3 open on the flange, the flange plate 29 and flange 6 being connected to one another.
  • generally known connecting elements can also be provided.
  • an insulating mat 30 is expediently inserted for thermal insulation.
  • the flange plate 29 has a central opening with a diameter corresponding to the clear width of the siphon channel 13, so that a cleaning tool (plunger, chisel or drill - in the exemplary embodiment a chisel 22) from the frame 28 through the opening of the flange plate 29 into the siphon channel 13 can come across.
  • a cleaning tool plunger, chisel or drill - in the exemplary embodiment a chisel 22
  • the cleaning tool is connected via the cleaning rod 15 to an integrated drive device, in the exemplary embodiment to a bolt of a hydraulic cylinder 31, the bolt reaching through a central opening in the base of the frame 28.
  • the bolt of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is moved with the aid of a hydraulic station 32, ie it can be a translationally uniform movement, a translatory movement in the Perform mitage (alternating forward and backward) or a translational movement with impulses in the sense of a rotary hammer.
  • the bolt of the hydraulic cylinder can perform a pulling movement for returning the cleaning tool from the siphon channel 13.
  • a drive motor for a hydraulic pump 33 and solenoid valves 34 are indicated schematically as units of the hydraulic station 32.
  • a disk 35 with a central square opening is arranged near the opening of the frame 28 on the flange plate side.
  • the disk 35 is supported by a bearing ring 36 which is firmly connected to the inner casing of the frame 28.
  • the cleaning rod 15 engages through the central square opening of the disk 35.
  • a sleeve 37 is firmly connected to the disk 35.
  • the sleeve 37 carries a ring gear 38, in which a ring gear 39 of a motor-gear unit 40 engages.
  • the motor-gear unit 40 is firmly connected to the inner casing of the frame.
  • the cleaning rod 15 can be driven with cleaning tools via the disk 35, the ring gear 38 and the gear 39 from the motor-gear unit 40 in both directions of rotation, which is important when using chisels and drills as cleaning tools.
  • the drive for a chisel or drill can be translationally rotating or translationally rotating in the vocational step or translationally rotating with impulses.
  • a cooling water connection of the cleaning rod 15 is indicated, with the aid of which the cleaning tool can be cooled during operation.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 42 is anchored between an articulated plate 43 which is firmly connected to the outer casing of the frame 28 and an anchored to the floor or base frame 9 Carrier 44 arranged.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 42 represents an integrated lifting device for tilting the die casting furnace 1, namely the die casting furnace 1 is tilted to such an extent that the entry of the siphon channel 13 into the boiler 2 is free of liquid iron 7. This ensures that the cleaning tool can advance to the bottom of the siphon channel 13.
  • the die casting furnace 1 is expediently not tilted empty in order to prevent disadvantageous free access of oxygen through the pouring siphon 4. Tilting the furnace empty would result in increased slag formation due to the oxygen supply.
  • an empty tipping of the furnace is associated with disadvantages for the channel inductor 8 as well as time and energy losses.
  • the temperature changes in the inductor ceramic that occur when tipping empty can lead to cracks that do not close again later (ie when the melt is refilled).
  • slag residues that have a higher melting point than the liquid metal cannot fly into the channel channel and cannot melt and interrupt the electrical circuit for the inductor coil.
  • parts of the slag can reduce the service life of the inductor as a result of the channel growing.
  • the cleaning tool can generally be driven not only hydraulically, but also pneumatically or electrically, e.g. the units hydraulic cylinder 31 / hydraulic station 32 / drive motor for hydraulic pump 33 / solenoid valves 34 are replaced by units such as pneumatic cylinder / pneumatic station or electric motor / reduction gear / hammer mechanism.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Einguß- und Ausgußsiphons eines zur Aufnahme von flüssigem Metall geeigneten Ofens von Schlackenansätzen.The invention relates to a device for cleaning the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace suitable for holding liquid metal from slag mixtures.

Ein derartiger Ofen, bei dem das flüssige Metall über Siphons ein- bzw. ausgegossen wird, ist beispielsweise aus der BBC-Druckschrift Nr. DIA 124684 D, Sonderdruck aus BBC Nachrichten, Jahrgang 66, Heft 7/1984, Seite 258 bis 262 bekannt. Bei derartigen Öfen, insbesondere Speicheröfen und Druckgießöfen, tritt das Problem auf, daß Siphons, insbesondere Eingußsiphons, in ihrem Querschnitt durch Schlackenansätze eingeengt werden, so daß z.B. bei Speicheröfen die Einfüll- und/oder Ausgießgeschwindigkeit stark reduziert werden muß. Die Einfüllgeschwindigkeit muß zur Vermeidung von Überläufen reduziert Werden (Schluckvermögen ist reduziert). Die Ausgießgeschwindigkeit wird durch die Einschnürungen automatisch gedrosselt. Bei Druckgießöfen kann hierdurch zusätzlich die Druckregelung gestört werden. Desweiteren können durch Schlackenansätze erhebliche Sicherheitsprobleme durch fontänenartig herausgepreßtes Flüssigmetall auftreten.Such an oven, in which the liquid metal is poured in or out via siphons, is known, for example, from BBC publication no. DIA 124684 D, special print from BBC Nachrichten, volume 66, issue 7/1984, pages 258 to 262. With such furnaces, in particular storage furnaces and die-casting furnaces, the problem arises that siphons, in particular pouring siphons, are narrowed in their cross-section by slag approaches, so that, for example, the filling and / or pouring speed in storage furnaces must be greatly reduced. The filling speed must be reduced to avoid overflows (swallowing capacity is reduced). The pouring speed is automatically reduced by the constrictions. This can be the case with die casting furnaces additionally the pressure control can be disturbed. Furthermore, slag approaches can cause significant safety problems due to liquid metal squeezed out like a fountain.

Die Ursache für die Schlackenansätze in den Siphon kann zum einen darin liegen, daß die Schmelze vor dem Einfüllen in den Ofen nicht sorgfältig entschlackt wird, daß die Schmelze schlackenbildende Elemente, wie S, CaO, Mg enthält, daß die Schmelze feine, schwebende Schlackenpartikel enthält oder daß die Schmelze beim Einfüllen in den Ofen verstärkt mit Sauerstoff in Berührung kommt. Außerdem entstehen durch den häufig wechselnden Badstand in den Siphons wechselnde Angriffsbereiche durch Schlacke, Sauerstoff und Schmelze bei partiellen Aufheizungen und Abkühlungen.The cause of the slag deposits in the siphon can be, on the one hand, that the melt is not carefully purged before it is poured into the furnace, that the melt contains slag-forming elements such as S, CaO, Mg, and that the melt contains fine, floating slag particles or that the melt comes into increased contact with oxygen when it is poured into the furnace. In addition, the frequently changing bath level in the siphons creates changing areas of attack by slag, oxygen and melt during partial heating and cooling.

Es sind zwei Möglichkeiten zur Entfernung dieser Schlakkenansätze allgemein üblich. Bei der ersten Möglichkeit wird die Schlacke mit Hilfe von Sauerstofflanzen von den Keramikwänden des Siphons weggebrannt. Dieses Verfahren hat den gravierenden Nachteil, daß in die Schmelze große Mengen an neuem Sauerstoff eingebracht werden, die sofort neue Oxide und neue Ansätze bilden. Diese Erscheinung tritt verstärkt bei magnesiumbehandeltem Eisen (Sphäroguß) auf. Hierdurch wird der Zyklus zum Reinigen der Siphons immer kürzer und der Aufwand an Material und Arbeitszeit vergrößert sich, wobei diese Arbeit unter großer Temperatur- und Rauchbelästigung leidet.There are two common ways to remove these slag approaches. In the first option, the slag is burned off the ceramic walls of the siphon using oxygen lances. This method has the serious disadvantage that large amounts of new oxygen are introduced into the melt, which immediately form new oxides and new batches. This phenomenon occurs increasingly with magnesium-treated iron (nodular iron). As a result, the cycle for cleaning the siphons is getting shorter and the effort in material and working time increases, whereby this work suffers from great temperature and smoke pollution.

Bei der zweiten Möglichkeit werden von Hand Stahlstangen in den Siphonkanal gestoßen. Da die Siphons je nach Ofengröße Durchmesser von ca. 150 bis über 300 mm aufweisen und die Stangen aus Gewichtsgründen sehr viel dünner sein müssen, kann eine Siphonreinigungsaktion bis zu mehreren Stunden täglich dauern, wodurch nachteilige Betriebsstillstandszeiten auftreten. Ferner treten auch bei der zweiten Möglichkeit Wärme- und Geruchsbelästigungen auf. Die Stangen rutschen ab und müssen rund um den Umfang des Siphons geführt werden.In the second option, steel rods are pushed into the siphon channel by hand. Since the siphons have a diameter of approx. 150 to over 300 mm, depending on the size of the furnace, and the rods have to be much thinner for weight reasons, a siphon cleaning action can take up to several hours a day, which is disadvantageous Downtimes occur. Furthermore, the second possibility also causes heat and odor nuisance. The rods slide off and must be guided around the circumference of the siphon.

Beide vorstehend beschriebenen Reinigungsmöglichkeiten sind äußerst unbefriedigend. Die Art und Menge der Schlackenansätze können sogar dazu führen, daß der Betrieb mit einem automatischen Druckgießofen unwirtschaftlich wird und zum Handgießen mit den zahlreichen Nachteilen, wie Durchsatzrückgang der Formanlage, größerer Ausschuß, mindere Qualität durch Schlackeneinschlüsse, höherer Energieverbrauch, inhumane Arbeitsplätze zurückgegangen wird.Both cleaning options described above are extremely unsatisfactory. The type and amount of slag batches can even make operation with an automatic die casting furnace uneconomical and manual casting with the numerous disadvantages, such as reduced throughput of the molding plant, larger rejects, lower quality due to slag inclusions, higher energy consumption and inhumane workplaces.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Einguß- und Ausgußsiphons eines Ofens anzugeben, mit der bei geringem Zeitaufwand eine gründliche Entfernung der Schlackenansätze ermöglicht wird.The invention has for its object to provide a device for cleaning the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace, with which a thorough removal of the slag approaches is made possible in a short amount of time.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung mit einem mit dem Einguß- und Ausgußsiphon eines zur Aufnahme von flüssigem Metall geeigneten Ofens verbindbaren Gestell gelöst, wobei das Gestell zur Führung eines angetriebenen, in den Siphonkanal eindringenden Reinigungswerkzeuges dient und über eine Flanschplatte mit den Flanschen des Einguß- bzw. Ausgußsiphons verbunden ist.This object is achieved by a device for cleaning with a frame which can be connected to the pouring and pouring siphon of a furnace suitable for holding liquid metal, the frame serving to guide a driven cleaning tool penetrating into the siphon channel and via a flange plate with the flanges of the Pouring or pouring siphons is connected.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß die vorgeschlagene, arbeitsplatzfreundliche Vorrichtung zur Reinigung die Schlackenansätze arbeitszeit- und materialkostensparend entfernt. Während des Reinigungsvorganges gelangt kein zusätzlicher Sauerstoff an die Schmelze. Zudem leidet die Arbeit mit der vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung nicht unter großer Temperatur- und Rauchbelästigung.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the proposed, workplace-friendly device for cleaning removes the slag batches in a way that saves time and material. No additional oxygen gets into the melt during the cleaning process. In addition, the work with the proposed device does not suffer from excessive temperature and smoke.

Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung Wird nachstehend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Druckgießofens,
Fig. 2 bis 4
verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Stößeln,
Fig. 5, 6
verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Meißeln,
Fig. 7 bis 10
verschiedene Ausführungsformen vn Bohrern,
Fig. 11
eine Reinigungsvorrichtung für Siphons.
Show it:
Fig. 1
the basic structure of a die casting furnace,
2 to 4
different designs of plungers,
5, 6
different designs of chisels,
7 to 10
different embodiments of drills,
Fig. 11
a cleaning device for siphons.

In Fig. 1 ist der prinzipielle Aufbau eines Druckgießofens dargestellt. Es ist ein Druckgießofen 1 mit zentral angeordnetem Kessel 2, einem Eingußsiphon 3, einem Ausgußsiphon 4 sowie einem Deckel 5 zum Abschluß des Kessels 2 zu erkennen. Kessel 2, Eingußsiphon 3, Ausgußsiphon 4 und Deckel 5 sind mit Keramikwänden ausgekleidet. Sowohl Eingußsiphon 3 als auch Ausgußsiphon 4 sind etwa hälftig teilbar und über Flansche 6 miteinander verbunden.In Fig. 1 the basic structure of a die casting furnace is shown. A die casting furnace 1 with a centrally arranged boiler 2, a pouring siphon 3, a pouring siphon 4 and a cover 5 for closing the boiler 2 can be seen. Boiler 2, pouring siphon 3, pouring siphon 4 and cover 5 are lined with ceramic walls. Both the pouring siphon 3 and pouring siphon 4 can be divided approximately in half and are connected to one another via flanges 6.

Das Niveau des durch den Eingußsiphon 3 in den Kessel 2 eintretenden Flüssigeisens 7 wird mit Druckgas (siehe Pfeile) auf eine gleichmäßige Höhe entsprechend dem jeweiligen Inhalt des Kessels 2 geregelt. Der Rinneninduktor 8 heizt das flüssigeisen 7 zusätzlich auf. Zur Regelung des Flüssigeisen-Niveaus sind Kontaktstifte 10 im Ausgußsiphon 4 vorgesehen. Am Ausgang des Ausgußsiphons 4 befindet sich ein Stopfen 11 mit Stopfenbetätigung und Ausgußdüse. Der Hub des Stopfens 11 bestimmt die Menge Flüssigeisen 7 für den Trichter, der sich unterhalb der Vergießeinrichtng des Ausgußsiphons 4 befindlichen Gießform 12. Zur Längs- und Querbewegung ruht der Druckgießofen 1 auf einem Grundrahmen mit Längs- und Querfahrwerk 9.The level of the liquid iron 7 entering the boiler 2 through the pouring siphon 3 is regulated with compressed gas (see arrows) to a uniform level in accordance with the respective contents of the boiler 2. The channel inductor 8 additionally heats the liquid iron 7. To regulate the liquid iron level, contact pins 10 are provided in the pouring siphon 4. At the outlet of the pouring siphon 4 there is a stopper 11 with stopper actuation and pouring nozzle. The stroke of the plug 11 determines the amount Liquid iron 7 for the funnel, the casting mold 12 located below the pouring device of the pouring siphon 4. For the longitudinal and transverse movement, the die casting furnace 1 rests on a base frame with longitudinal and transverse running gear 9.

Es besteht die Aufgabe, den Eingußsiphon 3 und den Ausgußsiphon 4 von Schlackenansätzen zu befreien. Hierzu werden die Siphons 3, 4 über ihre Flansche 6 geöffnet und eine Reinigungsvorrichtung (im einzelnen in Fig. 11 beschrieben) kann die geöffneten Siphonkanäle säubern. Dabei greifen geeignete Reinigungswerkzeuge, wie Stößel, Meißel oder Bohrer der Reinigungsvorrichtung in die Siphonkanäle ein und lösen die Schlackenansätze.The task is to free the pouring siphon 3 and pouring siphon 4 from slag approaches. For this purpose, the siphons 3, 4 are opened via their flanges 6 and a cleaning device (described in detail in FIG. 11) can clean the opened siphon channels. Suitable cleaning tools such as plungers, chisels or drills of the cleaning device engage in the siphon channels and loosen the slag deposits.

In den Fig. 2 bis 4 sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Stößeln dargestellt. In Fig. 2 ist ein durch eine Keramikwand 14 begrenzter, hohlzylinderförmiger Siphonkanal 13 zu erkennen, an dessen Wänden sich Schlackenansätze 17 festgesetzt haben. Als Reinigungswerkzeug wird ein zylinderförmiger Stößel 16 eingesetzt, der über eine im Querschnitt vierkantförmige Reinigungsstange 15 von der Reinigungsvorrichtung betätigt, d.h. beispielsweise im Sinne eines Bohrhammers translatorisch vorwärts bewegt wird.2 to 4 different embodiments of plungers are shown. 2 shows a hollow cylindrical siphon channel 13 delimited by a ceramic wall 14, on the walls of which slag deposits 17 have become attached. A cylindrical plunger 16 is used as the cleaning tool, which is actuated by the cleaning device via a cleaning rod 15 with a square cross section, i.e. for example in the sense of a rotary hammer is moved forward in translation.

Der Durchmesser des Stößels 16 ist vorzugsweise etwas geringer als der Innendurchmesser des Siphonkanals 13. Bei starkem Schlackenansatz kann jedoch zweckmäßigerweise in einem ersten Arbeitsgang mit einem Stößel vorgestoßen werden, der lediglich einen Durchmesser von der Hälfte der lichten Weite des Siphonkanals aufweist. In einem zweiten Arbeitsgang erfolgt dann die Reinigung mit Hilfe eines Stößels mit einem der lichten Weite des Siphonkanals angepaßten Durchmesser.The diameter of the plunger 16 is preferably somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the siphon channel 13. In the case of a strong slag approach, however, a plunger which has only a diameter of half the clear width of the siphon channel can expediently be pushed in a first operation. In a second operation, cleaning is then carried out with the aid of a plunger with a diameter that is adapted to the clear width of the siphon channel.

Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Stößel besteht aus drei Scheiben 18 mit jeweils gleichem Durchmesser, wobei jeweils Distanzscheiben 19 geringeren Durchmessers zwischen zwei Scheiben 18 vorgesehen sind. Mit Hilfe eines derartig ausgebildeten Stößels kann vorteilhaft ein Teil der abgestoßenen Schlacke aus dem Siphonkanal transportiert werden.The plunger shown in FIG. 3 consists of three disks 18, each with the same diameter, spacer disks 19 of smaller diameter being provided between two disks 18. With the aid of a plunger designed in this way, part of the slag that has been repelled can advantageously be transported out of the siphon channel.

In Fig. 4 ist ein Stößel dargestellt, der mindestens zwei im Durchmesser abgestufte Scheiben 20 als Reinigungswerkzeug aufweist, wodurch eine "Stößelspitze" gebildet wird.FIG. 4 shows a plunger which has at least two disks 20 with a graduated diameter as a cleaning tool, as a result of which a “plunger tip” is formed.

In den Fig. 5 und 6 sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Meißeln dargestellt. In Fig. 5 ist ein unsymmetrischer Meißel 21 mit einer seitlichen Spitze gezeigt. Auch dieser Meißel 21 wird durch die Reinigungsvorrichtung vorzugsweise im Sinne eines Bohrhammers - gegebenenfalls zusätzlich drehend - angetrieben. In Fig. 6 ist ein Meißel 22 mit zwei seitlichen Spitzen gezeigt, der eine gleichmäßigere Bearbeitung des Siphonkanals 13 ermöglicht.5 and 6 different embodiments of chisels are shown. 5 shows an asymmetrical chisel 21 with a lateral tip. This chisel 21 is also driven by the cleaning device, preferably in the sense of a rotary hammer - possibly additionally rotating. A chisel 22 with two lateral tips is shown in FIG. 6, which enables a more uniform machining of the siphon channel 13.

In den Fig. 7 bis 10 sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Bohrern dargestellt. Die Bohrer werden mit Hilfe der Reinigungsvorrichtung während des Vorschubs bzw. auch beim Zurückziehen aus dem Siphonkanal 13 permanent gedreht. Während in Fig. 7 ein Bohrer 23 mit zwei um jeweils 180° versetzten Schneiden gezeigt ist, kommt gemäß Fig. 8 ein Bohrer 24 mit drei jeweils um 120° versetzten Schneiden zum Einsatz. Der in Fig. 9 dargestellte Bohrer 25 weist eine einzige, sich über den gesamten Durchmesser des Bohrers erstreckende Schneide mit einer eigenen "Vorbohrer-Spitze" auf. Dieser Bohrer 25 kann insbesondere eingesetzt werden, wenn ein Siphonkanal 13 zu reinigen ist, der bereits vollständig mit Schlackenansatz zugesetzt ist.7 to 10 different embodiments of drills are shown. The drills are permanently rotated with the help of the cleaning device during the advance or also when withdrawing from the siphon channel 13. While FIG. 7 shows a drill 23 with two cutting edges offset by 180 ° each, according to FIG. 8 a drill 24 with three cutting edges each offset by 120 ° is used. The drill 25 shown in FIG. 9 has a single cutting edge that extends over the entire diameter of the drill and has its own “pre-drill tip”. This drill 25 can be used in particular if a siphon channel 13 is to be cleaned, which is already completely clogged with slag.

In Fig. 10 schließlich ist ein Bohrer 26 mit zwei Schneiden gezeigt, der eine Spirale 27 zum Transport der Schlacke aus dem Siphonkanal 13 aufweist. Die Spirale 27 kann beispielsweise um die Reinigungsstange 15 "gewikkelt" sein.Finally, FIG. 10 shows a drill 26 with two cutting edges, which has a spiral 27 for transporting the slag out of the siphon channel 13. The spiral 27 can, for example, be “wound” around the cleaning rod 15.

Als Werkstoffe für die Stößel, Meißel und Bohrer können hitzebeständiger Stahl oder Keramik eingesetzt werden, wobei der hitzebeständige Stahl wahlweise auch wassergekühlt Werden kann.Heat-resistant steel or ceramic can be used as materials for the plunger, chisel and drill, and the heat-resistant steel can also be water-cooled as desired.

In Fig. 11 ist eine Reinigungsvorrichtung für Siphons dargestellt. Es ist ein topfförmiges Gestell 28 mit einer am Mantelrand befestigten Flanschplatte 29 zu erkennen. Das Gestell 28 greift koaxial über den am Flansch geöffneten Eingußsiphon 3, wobei Flanschplatte 29 und Flansch 6 miteinander verbunden sind. Alternativ können auch allgemein bekannte Verbindungselemente vorgesehen sein. Zwischen der Keramikwand 14 des Eingußsiphons 3 und der Flanschplatte 29 ist zweckmäßigerweise eine Isoliermatte 30 zur Wärmeisolation eingelegt. Die Flanschplatte 29 weist eine zentrale Öffnung mit einem der lichten Weite des Siphonkanals 13 entsprechenden Durchmesser auf, so daß ein Reinigungswerkzeug (Stößel, Meißel oder Bohrer - im Ausführungsbeispiel ein Meißel 22) vom Gestell 28 aus durch die Öffnung der Flanschplatte 29 in den Siphonkanal 13 stoßen kann.11 shows a cleaning device for siphons. A pot-shaped frame 28 with a flange plate 29 attached to the edge of the jacket can be seen. The frame 28 engages coaxially over the sprue siphon 3 open on the flange, the flange plate 29 and flange 6 being connected to one another. Alternatively, generally known connecting elements can also be provided. Between the ceramic wall 14 of the pouring siphon 3 and the flange plate 29, an insulating mat 30 is expediently inserted for thermal insulation. The flange plate 29 has a central opening with a diameter corresponding to the clear width of the siphon channel 13, so that a cleaning tool (plunger, chisel or drill - in the exemplary embodiment a chisel 22) from the frame 28 through the opening of the flange plate 29 into the siphon channel 13 can come across.

Das Reinigungswerkzeug ist über die Reinigungsstange 15 mit einer integrierten Antriebseinrichtung, im Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Bolzen eines Hydraulik-Zylinders 31 verbunden, Wobei der Bolzen durch eine zentrale Öffnung im Boden des Gestells 28 greift. Der Bolzen des Hydraulik-Zylinders 31 wird mit Hilfe einer Hydraulik-Station 32 bewegt, d.h. er kann eine translatorisch gleichförmige Bewegung, eine translatorische Bewegung im Pilgerschritt (abwechselnd vor- und rückwärts) oder eine translatorische Bewegung mit Impulsen im Sinne eines Bohrhammers durchführen. Darüberhinaus kann der Bolzen des Hydraulik-Zylinders eine Zugbewegung zur Rückführung des Reinigungswerkzeuges aus dem Siphonkanal 13 ausführen. Als Aggregate der Hydraulik-Station 32 sind ein Antriebsmotor für eine Hydraulikpumpe 33 und Magnetventile 34 schematisch angedeutet.The cleaning tool is connected via the cleaning rod 15 to an integrated drive device, in the exemplary embodiment to a bolt of a hydraulic cylinder 31, the bolt reaching through a central opening in the base of the frame 28. The bolt of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is moved with the aid of a hydraulic station 32, ie it can be a translationally uniform movement, a translatory movement in the Perform pilgrimage (alternating forward and backward) or a translational movement with impulses in the sense of a rotary hammer. In addition, the bolt of the hydraulic cylinder can perform a pulling movement for returning the cleaning tool from the siphon channel 13. A drive motor for a hydraulic pump 33 and solenoid valves 34 are indicated schematically as units of the hydraulic station 32.

Nahe der flanschplattenseitigen Öffnung des Gestells 28 ist eine Scheibe 35 mit zentraler Vierkantöffnung angeordnet. Die Scheibe 35 wird durch einen fest mit dem Innenmantel des Gestells 28 verbundenen Lagerring 36 gelagert. Durch die zentrale Vierkantöffnung der Scheibe 35 greift die Reinigungsstange 15. Mit der Scheibe 35 ist eine Hülse 37 fest verbunden. Die Hülse 37 trägt einen Zahnkranz 38, in den ein Zahnkranz 39 einer Motor-Getriebe-Einheit 40 eingreift. Die Motor-Getriebe-Einheit 40 ist fest mit dem Innenmantel des Gestells verbunden. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Reinigungsstange 15 mit Reinigungswerkzeug über die Scheibe 35, den Zahnkranz 38 und das Zahnrad 39 von der Motor-Getriebe-Einheit 40 in beiden Drehrichtungen antreiben, was bei Einsatz von Meißeln und Bohrern als Reinigungswerkzeuge von Wichtigkeit ist. Der Antrieb für einen Meißel oder Bohrer kann demnach translatorisch-drehend oder translatorisch-drehend im Pilgerschritt oder translatorisch-drehend mit Impulsen erfolgen.A disk 35 with a central square opening is arranged near the opening of the frame 28 on the flange plate side. The disk 35 is supported by a bearing ring 36 which is firmly connected to the inner casing of the frame 28. The cleaning rod 15 engages through the central square opening of the disk 35. A sleeve 37 is firmly connected to the disk 35. The sleeve 37 carries a ring gear 38, in which a ring gear 39 of a motor-gear unit 40 engages. The motor-gear unit 40 is firmly connected to the inner casing of the frame. In this way, the cleaning rod 15 can be driven with cleaning tools via the disk 35, the ring gear 38 and the gear 39 from the motor-gear unit 40 in both directions of rotation, which is important when using chisels and drills as cleaning tools. Accordingly, the drive for a chisel or drill can be translationally rotating or translationally rotating in the pilgrim step or translationally rotating with impulses.

Unter Ziffer 41 ist ein Kühlwasseranschluß der Reinigungsstange 15 angedeutet, mit Hilfe dessen das Reinigungswerkzeug während des Betriebes gekühlt werden kann.At number 41, a cooling water connection of the cleaning rod 15 is indicated, with the aid of which the cleaning tool can be cooled during operation.

Ein Hydraulik-Zylinder 42 ist zwischen einer mit dem Außenmantel des Gestells 28 fest verbundenen Gelenkplatte 43 und einem am Boden oder Grundrahmen 9 verankerten Träger 44 angeordnet. Der Hydraulik-Zylinder 42 stellt eine integrierte Hubeinrichtung zum Ankippen des Druckgießofens 1 dar, und zwar wird der Druckgießofen 1 soweit angekippt, daß der Eintritt des Siphonkanals 13 in den Kessel 2 frei von Flüssigeisen 7 ist. Hierdurch wird gewährleistet, daß das Reinigungswerkzeug bis zum Grund des Siphonkanals 13 vorstoßen kann. Der Druckgießofen 1 wird zweckmäßigerweise nicht leer gekippt, um einen nachteiligen freien Zugang von Sauerstoff durch den Ausgußsiphon 4 zu unterbinden. Ein Leerkippen des Ofens hätte eine verstärkte Schlackenbildung infolge der Sauerstoffzufuhr zur Folge. Desweiteren ist ein Leerkippen des Ofens mit Nachteilen für den Rinneninduktor 8 sowie Zeit- und Energieverlusten verbunden. So können beispielsweise die beim Leerkippen auftretenden Temperaturwechsel in der Induktorkeramik zu sich später (d.h. beim Wiedereinfüllen von Schmelze) nicht wieder schließenden Rissen führen. Desweiteren können Schlackenreste in den Rinnenkanal fliegen, die einen höheren Schmelzpunkt als das Flüssigmetall haben, nicht aufschmelzen und den elektrischen Schluß für die Induktorspule unterbrechen. Ferner können auch Teile der Schlacke die Lebensdauer des Induktors infolge Zuwachsens der Rinne senken.A hydraulic cylinder 42 is anchored between an articulated plate 43 which is firmly connected to the outer casing of the frame 28 and an anchored to the floor or base frame 9 Carrier 44 arranged. The hydraulic cylinder 42 represents an integrated lifting device for tilting the die casting furnace 1, namely the die casting furnace 1 is tilted to such an extent that the entry of the siphon channel 13 into the boiler 2 is free of liquid iron 7. This ensures that the cleaning tool can advance to the bottom of the siphon channel 13. The die casting furnace 1 is expediently not tilted empty in order to prevent disadvantageous free access of oxygen through the pouring siphon 4. Tilting the furnace empty would result in increased slag formation due to the oxygen supply. Furthermore, an empty tipping of the furnace is associated with disadvantages for the channel inductor 8 as well as time and energy losses. For example, the temperature changes in the inductor ceramic that occur when tipping empty can lead to cracks that do not close again later (ie when the melt is refilled). Furthermore, slag residues that have a higher melting point than the liquid metal cannot fly into the channel channel and cannot melt and interrupt the electrical circuit for the inductor coil. Furthermore, parts of the slag can reduce the service life of the inductor as a result of the channel growing.

Das Reinigungswerkzeug kann allgemein nicht nur hydraulisch, sondern auch pneumatisch oder elektrisch angetrieben werden, wobei z.B. die Aggregate Hydraulik-Zylinder 31/Hydraulik-Station 32/Antriebsmotor für Hydraulikpumpe 33/Magnetventile 34 durch Aggregate, wie Pneumatik-Zylinder/Pneumatik-Station oder Elektromotor/Untersetzungsgetriebe/Schlagwerk ersetzt werden.The cleaning tool can generally be driven not only hydraulically, but also pneumatically or electrically, e.g. the units hydraulic cylinder 31 / hydraulic station 32 / drive motor for hydraulic pump 33 / solenoid valves 34 are replaced by units such as pneumatic cylinder / pneumatic station or electric motor / reduction gear / hammer mechanism.

Claims (29)

  1. Device for clearing slag incrustations (17) from the filling and emptying siphon (3, 4) of a furnace (1) suitable for receiving liquid metal (7), comprising a mounting (28) which can be connected to the filling and emptying siphon (3, 4) and which serves to guide a driven clearing tool (16, 21 to 26) which penetrates the siphon duct (13), and is connected by means of a flange plate (29) to the flanges (6) of the filling or emptying siphon (3, 4), respectively.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by the use of a plunger (16) as clearing tool.
  3. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the plunger comprises a plurality of discs (18) of equal diameter having spacing discs (19) of smaller diameter inserted in between.
  4. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the plunger comprises a plurality of discs (20) forming a tip and stepped in diameter.
  5. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by the use of a chisel (21, 22) as clearing tool.
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the chisel (21) is of asymmetrical design with lateral tip.
  7. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the chisel (22) is of symmetrical design with two lateral tips.
  8. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by the use of a drill (23 to 26) as clearing tool.
  9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the drill (23) is of symmetrical design with two cutting edges.
  10. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the drill (24) is of asymmetrical design with three cutting edges.
  11. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the drill (25) has a pilot-bit tip.
  12. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the drill (27) has a helix (27) for the slag removal.
  13. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the clearing tool is connected to a drive by means of a clearing rod (15).
  14. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the clearing tool is driven by means of a hydraulic drive.
  15. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the clearing tool is driven by means of a pneumatic drive.
  16. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the clearing tool is driven by means of an electrical drive.
  17. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the drive takes place in a translationally uniform manner.
  18. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the drive takes place in a translational and reciprocating manner.
  19. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the drive takes place translationally with pulses.
  20. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the drive takes place rotationally.
  21. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the clearing tool is composed of heat-resistant steel.
  22. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the clearing tool is composed of ceramic.
  23. Device according to Claim 21, characterized in that the clearing tool is cooled.
  24. Device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that an insulating mat (30) is inserted between mounting (28) and filling or emptying siphon (3, 4), respectively.
  25. Device according to Claim 14, characterized in that the clearing tool is translationally driven by the shaft of a hydraulic cylinder (31).
  26. Device according to Claim 13, characterized in that the clearing rod (15) can be driven in both directions of rotation via a disc (35) supported in the mounting (28).
  27. Device according to Claim 26, characterized in that the disc (35) is provided with a gear rim (38) in which a gear (39) of a motor-gearbox unit (40) engages.
  28. Device according to Claims 13 and 23, characterized in that the clearing rod (15) is provided with water-cooling connections (41).
  29. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the mounting (28) is connected to a hydraulic cylinder (42) resting on the floor or on the chassis of the furnace (1) for the purpose of slightly tilting the furnace.
EP90119231A 1989-10-14 1990-10-06 Cleaning device for charging- and discharging-casting siphons of a furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0423579B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3934354A DE3934354A1 (en) 1989-10-14 1989-10-14 DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE INPUT AND POUR SIPHON OF AN OVEN
DE3934354 1989-10-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0423579A1 EP0423579A1 (en) 1991-04-24
EP0423579B1 true EP0423579B1 (en) 1993-12-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90119231A Expired - Lifetime EP0423579B1 (en) 1989-10-14 1990-10-06 Cleaning device for charging- and discharging-casting siphons of a furnace

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EP (1) EP0423579B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3934354A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2049385T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009538411A (en) * 2006-05-24 2009-11-05 ダイアモンド パワー インターナショナル、インコーポレイテッド A device for cleaning the molten metal outlet of a combustion device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4438900C1 (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-06-13 Comesi S A I C Procedure for removing trass deposits
WO2008044984A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 Teknik Support M. Bertilsson Ab An apparatus and a method for cleaning
CN109000485A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-14 河南三松节能环保科技有限公司 A kind of high-temperature heater cleaning dregs system

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DE948061C (en) * 1954-03-05 1956-08-30 Bamag Koeln Bayenthal Zweignie Device for removing converter bears
AT298089B (en) * 1970-05-08 1972-04-25 Vmw Ranshofen Berndorf Ag Tool for cleaning channel induction furnaces
US3833334A (en) * 1973-07-05 1974-09-03 Combustion Eng Apparatus for relining a bof vessel tap hole
DE2723547C2 (en) * 1977-05-25 1983-10-20 Otto Junker Gmbh, 5107 Simmerath Device for removing the slag deposits and infiltrated inner surface layers on melting or pouring vessels
DE3225015C1 (en) * 1982-07-03 1983-11-17 Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter Ag, 3150 Peine cleaning appts. for refractory lined runners - comprising chains mounted on rotating drum
DE8901643U1 (en) * 1989-02-14 1989-03-23 Willi Wader Gmbh, 5608 Radevormwald, De

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009538411A (en) * 2006-05-24 2009-11-05 ダイアモンド パワー インターナショナル、インコーポレイテッド A device for cleaning the molten metal outlet of a combustion device

Also Published As

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DE3934354A1 (en) 1991-04-18
ES2049385T3 (en) 1994-04-16
EP0423579A1 (en) 1991-04-24
DE59003962D1 (en) 1994-02-03

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