EP0891828B1 - Method and apparatus for directional solidification of a metal melt - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for directional solidification of a metal melt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0891828B1
EP0891828B1 EP98108403A EP98108403A EP0891828B1 EP 0891828 B1 EP0891828 B1 EP 0891828B1 EP 98108403 A EP98108403 A EP 98108403A EP 98108403 A EP98108403 A EP 98108403A EP 0891828 B1 EP0891828 B1 EP 0891828B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melt
casting mould
insulation layer
thermal insulation
heating chamber
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EP98108403A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0891828A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Hugo
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ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
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ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B11/00Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
    • C30B11/003Heating or cooling of the melt or the crystallised material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B22D27/045Directionally solidified castings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B11/00Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
    • C30B11/007Mechanisms for moving either the charge or the heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for directed Freeze a cast in a mold Molten metal, for example nickel, by moving it out the mold from a heating chamber and Immerse the mold in a cooling melt serving, covered by a thermal insulation layer Liquid metal bath of lower melting point than the molten metal in the mold, for example Aluminum.
  • the invention further relates to a pouring device for performing this Procedure.
  • Such a method and such casting devices are the subject of DE-A-28 15 818.
  • Immersion the casting mold in the cooling melt serves through an intense, axial heat flow during solidification of the casting in the mold a solid-liquid zone as low as possible and one as possible flat, transverse to the main direction of extent of the casting running phase boundary between fixed and reach liquid so that the crystals axially in grow the casting into it.
  • This goal requires it, the radial radiation of heat to be kept as low as possible above the cooling melt.
  • baffle Radiation shield provided.
  • a separating plate from one heat insulating material which is for immersion the mold has an opening in the cooling melt.
  • DE-B-19 53 716 also shows for immersion a mold with a metal melt to be cooled a container with a cooling melt, the surface of which is insulated by heat Layer is covered. This layer has the sense oxidation or excessive cooling to prevent the cooling melt. The mold penetrates when immersed in the cooling melt this heat insulating layer. However, it will not moved out of a heating chamber.
  • a method for the production of a metallic cast body after the investment casting process, especially one Cast body made of aluminum or an aluminum-containing Alloy by casting a melt Metal in a ceramic mold with porous Walls and cooling and solidification of the melt using a coolant, being as Coolant gradually penetrates the mold wall Coolant is used, the Boiling temperature lower than the pouring temperature is the melt and into which the mold of from one end is continuously immersed starting such that the interface between the melt and solidification front already forming solidified metal and the penetration area in which the mold wall from the coolant through their Thickness is permeated, essentially in Move towards the free melt surface, where the mold immersion speed is in the coolant, the thickness and the porosity the mold wall as well as the viscosity and the The density of the coolant is thus coordinated are that in the direction of movement of the solidification front seen the area of penetration of the Freezing front lags.
  • a molten metal poured into a mold for example nickel by moving it out the mold from a heating chamber and immerse it the mold into a cooling melt Liquid metal bath of lower melting point than the molten metal in the mold, for example Aluminum known (EP 0 631 832 A1), in which for sealing between the heating chamber and the Casting mold on the cooling melt a floating, thermal insulation layer made of a flowable material abandoned and before the mold penetrates the thermal insulation layer and into the Cooling melt immerses the heating chamber or the Cooling melt is moved so far that the heating chamber touches the thermal insulation layer or in she dips.
  • the thermal insulation layer exists in this case from a granulate of graphite, Ceramic or aluminum oxide with a wetting exclusive coating, being as coating Boron nitride is used.
  • the problem underlying the invention is a method to further develop the type mentioned at the beginning, that the floating on the molten metal Thermal insulation layer itself under all conditions as a flowable, in its consistency uniform mass behaves and not to Lump formation, sintering or other types local consolidation tends.
  • This object is achieved by a immersed in the thermal insulation layer, from a vibrator or vibrator Rake, paddle or stirrer solved, which Vibrator, the vibration generator or drive unit firmly arranged at the top of the crucible is and the rake, paddle or stirrer with the floating drive in Active connection is established.
  • Fig. 1 shows a lifting chamber 1, which on a Stamp 2 is arranged and by method of the stamp 21 can be moved up or down can.
  • A protrudes from the top of the lifting chamber 1
  • On this support frame 3 is supported a cooling plate 4, the bottom a mold 5 forms.
  • the mold 5 In the illustrated Casting position, the mold 5 is completely in one Heating chamber 6 retracted, which electrical Contains heating elements 7,7 ', which form the casting ring surround.
  • a crucible 8 is located below the heating chamber 6 arranged a carrier 9, which is a cooling melt 10 contains.
  • the carrier 9 leads through a Slot 11 of the lifting chamber 1 to the outside and is on a vertical guide designed as a spindle drive 12 height adjustable.
  • Important for the invention is one made, for example, of aluminum oxide Existing heat insulation layer in powder or granule form 13, which on the cooling melt 10 swims.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 also show that the entire pouring device in the usual way a vacuum chamber 14 is arranged. This has an inward flange-like collar 15, on which the heating chamber 6 is supported. Not shown in the vacuum chamber 14, swiveling crucible from which the molten metal after opening a lid 16 in the mold 5 can be poured.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

Eine Gießvorrichtung hat innerhalb einer Heizkammer (6) eine aus dieser heraus in eine unterhalb von ihr angeordnete Kühlschmelze (10) verfahrbare Gießform (5). Als Wärmedämmung zwischen der Heizkammer (6) und der Kühlschmelze (10) ist eine auf der Kühlschmelze (10) schwimmende Wärmeisolationsschicht (13) vorgesehen, durch die hindurch die Gießform (5) in die Kühlschmelze (10) eintaucht. Zur Vermeidung von Klumpenbildungen innerhalb der Wärmeisolationsschicht (13) ist ein Rechen oder Rührer (19) vorgesehen, der von einem Rüttelgerät (17) bewegt wird und die Wärmeisolationsschicht verquirlt oder verrührt. <IMAGE>Within a heating chamber (6), a casting device has a casting mold (5) which can be moved out of the latter into a cooling melt (10) arranged below it. A thermal insulation layer (13) floating on the cooling melt (10) is provided as thermal insulation between the heating chamber (6) and the cooling melt (10), through which the casting mold (5) plunges into the cooling melt (10). In order to avoid the formation of lumps within the heat insulation layer (13), a rake or stirrer (19) is provided which is moved by a shaker (17) and whirls or mixes the heat insulation layer. <IMAGE>

Description

De Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum gerichteten Erstarren einer in eine Gießform eingegossenen Metallschmelze, beispielsweise Nickel, durch Herausbewegen der Gießform aus einer Heizkammer und Eintauchen der Gießform in ein als Kühlschmelze dienendes, von einer Wärmeisolationsschicht abgedecktes Flüssigmetallbad niedrigeren Schmelzpunktes als die Metallschmelze in der Gießform, beispielsweise Aluminium. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Gießvorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for directed Freeze a cast in a mold Molten metal, for example nickel, by moving it out the mold from a heating chamber and Immerse the mold in a cooling melt serving, covered by a thermal insulation layer Liquid metal bath of lower melting point than the molten metal in the mold, for example Aluminum. The invention further relates to a pouring device for performing this Procedure.

Ein solches Verfahren und solche Gießvorrichtungen sind Gegenstand der DE-A-28 15 818. Das Eintauchen der Gießform in die Kühlschmelze dient dazu, durch einen intensiven, axialen Wärmefluß beim Erstarren des Gußteils in der Gießform eine Fest-Flüssig-Zone möglichst geringer Höhe und eine möglichst ebene, quer zur Haupterstreckungsrichtung des Gußteils verlaufende Phasengrenze zwischen fest und flüssig zu erreichen, damit die Kristalle axial in das Gußstück hineinwachsen. Diese Zielrichtung erfordert es, die radiale Abstrahlung von Wärme oberhalb der Kühlschmelze möglichst gering zu halten. Hierzu ist bei der bekannten Gießvorrichtung an der Unterseite der Heizkammer ein zur Gießform hin gerichteter, allgemein als Baffle bezeichneter Strahlungsschirm vorgesehen. Zusätzlich schwimmt auf der Kühlschmelze eine Trennplatte aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material, welche zum Eintauchen der Gießform in die Kühlschmelze eine Öffnung hat. Die Wärmedämmung ist jedoch nur unvollkommen, insbesondere dann, wenn die Gußteile mehrere nach unten gerichtete Teile aufweisen, da dann der Strahlungsschirm und die Trennplatte die Bereiche zwischen diesen Teilen nicht erreichen können. Hiervon abgesehen verbleibt zwangsläufig zwischen der Gießform und dem Strahlungsschirm sowie der Gießform und der Trennplatte ein Spalt, durch den Wärme abgestrahlt wird.Such a method and such casting devices are the subject of DE-A-28 15 818. Immersion the casting mold in the cooling melt serves through an intense, axial heat flow during solidification of the casting in the mold a solid-liquid zone as low as possible and one as possible flat, transverse to the main direction of extent of the casting running phase boundary between fixed and reach liquid so that the crystals axially in grow the casting into it. This goal requires it, the radial radiation of heat to be kept as low as possible above the cooling melt. This is the case with the known casting device at the bottom of the heating chamber to the mold more directed, commonly referred to as baffle Radiation shield provided. Additionally swims on the cooling melt a separating plate from one heat insulating material which is for immersion the mold has an opening in the cooling melt. However, thermal insulation is imperfect, especially then when the castings are down several have directed parts, since then the radiation shield and the partition plate the areas between cannot reach these parts. Of that apart from that, inevitably remains between the Casting mold and the radiation shield as well as the casting mold and the partition plate a gap through which heat is emitted.

Die DE-B-19 53 716 zeigt auch schon zum Eintauchen einer Gießform mit einer abzukühlenden Metallschmelze einen Behälter mit einer Kühlschmelze, dessen Oberfläche durch eine wärmeisolierende Schicht abgedeckt ist. Diese Schicht hat den Sinn, ein Oxydieren oder ein übermäßig starkes Abkühlen der Kühlschmelze zu verhindern. Die Gießform durchdringt beim Eintauchen in die Kühlschmelze diese wärmeisolierende Schicht. Sie wird allerdings nicht aus einer Heizkammer herausbewegt.DE-B-19 53 716 also shows for immersion a mold with a metal melt to be cooled a container with a cooling melt, the surface of which is insulated by heat Layer is covered. This layer has the sense oxidation or excessive cooling to prevent the cooling melt. The mold penetrates when immersed in the cooling melt this heat insulating layer. However, it will not moved out of a heating chamber.

Durch die DE-B-22 42 111 ist es bei einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren bekannt, die Oberfläche der Kühlschmelze so dicht unterhalb der Heizkammer vorzusehen, daß die Kühlplatte der Gießform vor dem Eintauchen der Gießform zumindest teilweise in die Kühlschmelze eintaucht. Hierdurch ist die Kühlplatte schon beim Füllen der Gießform durch die Kühlschmelze gekühlt, so daß sie eine besonders gute Kühlwirkung ausübt. Zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten zwischen dem unteren Ende der Heizkammer und der Gießform ist bei der Vorrichtung nach der DE-B-22 42 111 ein Hitzeschild vorgesehen.By DE-B-22 42 111 it is in a generic Process known the surface of the Cooling melt so close below the heating chamber provide that the cooling plate of the mold before immersing the mold at least partially in the cooling melt is immersed. This is the Cooling plate through when filling the mold the cooling melt cooled, making it a special one good cooling effect. To avoid Heat loss between the bottom of the heating chamber and the mold is on the device according to DE-B-22 42 111 a heat shield is provided.

Bekannt ist weiterhin (EP 0 571 703 A1) ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gußkörpers nach dem Feingußverfahren, insbesondere eines Gußkörpers aus Aluminium oder aus einer aluminiumhaltigen Legierung durch Gießen einer Schmelze eines Metalls in eine Gießform aus Keramik mit porösen Wänden und Abkühlung und Erstarren der Schmelze unter Verwendung eines Kühlmittels, wobei als Kühlmittel eine die Gießform-Wand allmählich penetrierende Kühlflüssigkeit eingesetzt wird, deren Siedetemperatur niedriger als die Eingießtemperatur der Schmelze ist und in die die Gießform von einem Ende aus beginnend stetig eingetaucht wird, derart, daß die als Grenzfläche zwischen Schmelze und bereits erstarrtem Metall sich bildende Erstarrungsfront und der Penetrationsbereich, in dem die Gießform-Wand von der Kühlflüssigkeit über ihre Dicke durchdrungen ist, sich im wesentlichen in Richtung der freien Schmelzenoberfläche bewegen, wobei die Eintauchgeschwindigkeit der Gießform in die Kühlflüssigkeit, die Dicke und die Porosität der Gießform-Wand sowie die Viskosität und die Dichte der Kühlflüssigkeit so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, daß in Bewegungsrichtung der Erstarrungsfront gesehen, der Penetrationsbereich der Erstarrungsfront nacheilt.A method is also known (EP 0 571 703 A1) for the production of a metallic cast body after the investment casting process, especially one Cast body made of aluminum or an aluminum-containing Alloy by casting a melt Metal in a ceramic mold with porous Walls and cooling and solidification of the melt using a coolant, being as Coolant gradually penetrates the mold wall Coolant is used, the Boiling temperature lower than the pouring temperature is the melt and into which the mold of from one end is continuously immersed starting such that the interface between the melt and solidification front already forming solidified metal and the penetration area in which the mold wall from the coolant through their Thickness is permeated, essentially in Move towards the free melt surface, where the mold immersion speed is in the coolant, the thickness and the porosity the mold wall as well as the viscosity and the The density of the coolant is thus coordinated are that in the direction of movement of the solidification front seen the area of penetration of the Freezing front lags.

Schließlich ist ein Verfahren zum gerichteten Erstarren einer in eine Gießform gegossenen Metallschmelze, beispielsweise Nickel durch Herausbewegen der Gießform aus einer Heizkammer und eintauchen der Gießform in ein als Kühlschmelze dienendes Flüssigmetallbad niedrigeren Schmelzpunktes als die Metallschmelze in der Gießform, beispielsweise Aluminium bekannt (EP 0 631 832 A1), bei dem zur Abdichtung zwischen der Heizkammer und der Gießform auf der Kühlschmelze eine schwimmende, aus einem fließfähigen Material bestehende Wärmeisolationsschicht aufgegeben und bevor die Gießform die Wärmeisolationsschicht durchdringt und in die Kühlschmelze eintaucht, die Heizkammer oder die Kühlschmelze so weit verfahren wird, daß die Heizkammer die Wärmeisolationsschicht berührt oder in sie eintaucht. Die Wärmeisolationsschicht besteht in diesem Falle aus einem Granulat aus Graphit, Keramik oder Aluminiumoxyd mit einer eine Benetzung ausschließenden Beschichtung, wobei als Beschichtung Bornitrid verwendet wird. Finally, there is a method of directional solidification a molten metal poured into a mold, for example nickel by moving it out the mold from a heating chamber and immerse it the mold into a cooling melt Liquid metal bath of lower melting point than the molten metal in the mold, for example Aluminum known (EP 0 631 832 A1), in which for sealing between the heating chamber and the Casting mold on the cooling melt a floating, thermal insulation layer made of a flowable material abandoned and before the mold penetrates the thermal insulation layer and into the Cooling melt immerses the heating chamber or the Cooling melt is moved so far that the heating chamber touches the thermal insulation layer or in she dips. The thermal insulation layer exists in this case from a granulate of graphite, Ceramic or aluminum oxide with a wetting exclusive coating, being as coating Boron nitride is used.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß die auf der Metallschmelze schwimmende Wärmeisolationsschicht sich unter allen Bedingungen als eine fließfähige, in ihrer Konsistenz gleichförmige Masse verhält und nicht zur Klumpenbildung, Versinterung oder andersartigen örtlichen Verfestigung neigt.The problem underlying the invention is a method to further develop the type mentioned at the beginning, that the floating on the molten metal Thermal insulation layer itself under all conditions as a flowable, in its consistency uniform mass behaves and not to Lump formation, sintering or other types local consolidation tends.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung durch einen in die Wärmeisolationsschicht eintauchenden, von einem Rüttelgerät oder Schwingungserzeuger bewegten Rechen, Paddel oder Rührer gelöst, wobei das Rüttelgerät, der Schwingungserzeuger oder Antriebsaggregat am oberen Rand des Tiegels fest angeordnet ist und der Rechen, Paddel oder Rührer mit dem sich hin- und herbewegenden Antrieb in Wirkverbindung steht.This object is achieved by a immersed in the thermal insulation layer, from a vibrator or vibrator Rake, paddle or stirrer solved, which Vibrator, the vibration generator or drive unit firmly arranged at the top of the crucible is and the rake, paddle or stirrer with the floating drive in Active connection is established.

Weitere Einzelheiten sind in den Patentansprüchen näher gekennzeichnet und beschrieben.Further details are in the claims marked and described in more detail.

Die Erfindung läßt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Zur Verdeutlichung ihres Grundprinzips ist eine davon in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Diese zeigen in

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine Gießvorrichtung nach der Erfindung mit einer in eine Heizkammer eingefahrene Gießform,
Fig. 2
einen der Fig. 1 entsprechenden Schnitt mit teilweise aus der Heizkammer in eine Kühlschmelze gefahrener Gießform.
The invention permits numerous embodiments. To clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawings and described below. These show in
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a casting device according to the invention with a casting mold inserted into a heating chamber,
Fig. 2
a section corresponding to FIG. 1 with the casting mold partially moved from the heating chamber into a cooling melt.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Hubkammer 1, welche auf einem Stempel 2 angeordnet ist und durch Verfahren des Stempels 21 nach oben oder unten bewegt werden kann. Von oben her ragt ein auf der Hubkammer 1 abgestütztes Haltegestell 3 in die Hubkammer 1 hinein, bei dem es sich um ein korbartiges Gebilde aus Graphit handeln kann. Auf diesem Haltegestell 3 ist eine Kühlplatte 4 abgestützt, die den Boden einer Gießform 5 bildet. In der dargestellten Gießposition ist die Gießform 5 vollständig in eine Heizkammer 6 eingefahren, welche elektrische Heizelemente 7,7' enthält, die die Gießform ringförmig umgeben.Fig. 1 shows a lifting chamber 1, which on a Stamp 2 is arranged and by method of the stamp 21 can be moved up or down can. A protrudes from the top of the lifting chamber 1 Supported support frame 3 in the lifting chamber 1 into it, which is a basket-like structure can act from graphite. On this support frame 3 is supported a cooling plate 4, the bottom a mold 5 forms. In the illustrated Casting position, the mold 5 is completely in one Heating chamber 6 retracted, which electrical Contains heating elements 7,7 ', which form the casting ring surround.

Unterhalb der Heizkammer 6 ist ein Tiegel 8 auf einem Träger 9 angeordnet, welcher eine Kühlschmelze 10 enthält. Der Träger 9 führt durch einen Schlitz 11 der Hubkammer 1 nach außen und ist auf einer als Spindeltrieb ausgebildeten Vertikalführung 12 höhenverfahrbar. Wichtig für die Erfindung ist eine beispielsweise aus Aluminiumoxyd in Pulver- oder Granulatform bestehende Wärmeisolationsschicht 13, welche auf der Kühlschmelze 10 schwimmt.A crucible 8 is located below the heating chamber 6 arranged a carrier 9, which is a cooling melt 10 contains. The carrier 9 leads through a Slot 11 of the lifting chamber 1 to the outside and is on a vertical guide designed as a spindle drive 12 height adjustable. Important for the invention is one made, for example, of aluminum oxide Existing heat insulation layer in powder or granule form 13, which on the cooling melt 10 swims.

Wenn die Gießform 5 mit flüssigem Metall gefüllt ist und man mit der gerichteten Erstarrung beginnen will, dann fährt man zunächst durch Hochfahren des Trägers 9 auf der Vertikalführung 12 den Tiegel 8 mit der Kühlschmelze 10 so weit nach oben, bis die Unterkante der Heizkammer 6 geringfügig in die Wärmeisolationsschicht 13 eintaucht, so daß eine optische Trennung zwischen dem Inneren der Heizkammer 6, also dem Heizraum und dem Kühlraum, also der Kühlschmelze 10 entsteht. Anschließend beginnt man damit, den Stempel 2 abwärts zu bewegen. dadurch senkt sich die Hubkammer 1 mit dem Haltegestell 3 ab, so daß die Gießform 5 zunehmend die Wärmeisolationsschicht 13 durchdringt und in die Kühlschmelze 10 eintaucht, was in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Diese Abwärtsbewegung der Hubkammer 1 setzt man so lange fort, bis die Gießform 5 vollständig in die Kühlschmelze 10 eingetaucht und das Gußteil in ihr dadurch erstarrt ist.When the mold 5 is filled with liquid metal is and you start with the directional solidification then you first drive up of the carrier 9 on the vertical guide 12 the crucible 8 with the cooling melt 10 so far upwards, until the lower edge of the heating chamber 6 slightly in immerses the heat insulation layer 13 so that an optical separation between the inside of the Heating chamber 6, i.e. the heating room and the cooling room, So the cooling melt 10 is formed. Subsequently you start moving the stamp 2 downwards. this lowers the lifting chamber 1 with the Holding frame 3, so that the mold 5 increasingly penetrates the heat insulation layer 13 and in the cooling melt 10 is immersed, which is shown in FIG. 2 is. This downward movement of the lifting chamber 1 is continued until the mold 5 completely immersed in the cooling melt 10 and the casting in it is frozen.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist zusätzlich gezeigt, daß die gesamte Gießvorrichtung auf übliche Weise in einer Vakuumkammer 14 angeordnet ist. Diese hat einen nach innen gerichteten, flanschartigen Bund 15, auf dem die Heizkammer 6 abgestützt ist. Nicht gezeigt ist ein in der Vakuumkammer 14 angeordneter, schwenkbarer Tiegel, aus dem die Metallschmelze nach Öffnen eines Deckels 16 in die Gießform 5 gegossen werden kann.1 and 2 also show that the entire pouring device in the usual way a vacuum chamber 14 is arranged. This has an inward flange-like collar 15, on which the heating chamber 6 is supported. Not shown in the vacuum chamber 14, swiveling crucible from which the molten metal after opening a lid 16 in the mold 5 can be poured.

Um sicher zu stellen, daß sich die beispielsweise aus einem Granulat aus Graphit, Keramik oder Aluminiumoxyd mit einer eine Benetzung ausschließenden Beschichtung bestehende Wärmeisolationsschicht 13 stets über die gesamte Oberfläche der Schmelze 10 gleichmäßig verteilt und sich auch die Schichtzusammensetzung nicht während des Betriebs verändert, also z. B. kein Zusammensintern der Schicht 13 erfolgt, ist auf dem oberen Rand 16 des Tiegels 8 ein motorisch betriebenes Rüttelgerät oder ein Schwingungserzeuger 17 fest angeordnet, der über eine Arm oder Stößel 18 einen Ring 19 in Pfeilrichtung A-B horizontal hin- und herbewegt. Dieser Ring 19 kann aus einem perforierten Blechzuschnitt gebildet sein oder aber auch ein solider Kreisringzylinder sein. Um ein Abkippen des Rings 19 in die Schmelze 10 zu verhindern, ist der Ring 19 über einen sich von diesem radial nach außen hin erstreckenden Bolzen 20 in einer Bohrung gehalten und geführt, die in einem sich vom Rand 16 des Tiegels 8 aus lotrecht erstreckenden Arm 21 vorgesehen ist. To make sure that, for example from a granulate made of graphite, ceramic or aluminum oxide with an exclusion of wetting Coating existing thermal insulation layer 13 always over the entire surface of the melt 10 evenly distributed and also the layer composition not changed during operation, so z. B. no sintering together of the layer 13 takes place, is on the upper edge 16 of the crucible 8 a motorized vibrator or a Vibration generator 17 fixed, the over an arm or plunger 18 a ring 19 in the direction of the arrow A-B reciprocated horizontally. This Ring 19 can be made from a perforated sheet metal blank be formed or a solid circular cylinder his. To tilt the ring 19 in to prevent the melt 10 is the ring 19 over one radially outward from this extending bolt 20 held in a bore and led, which is in a from the edge 16 of the Crucible 8 provided from vertically extending arm 21 is.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
HubkammerLifting chamber
22nd
Stempelstamp
33rd
HaltegestellHolding frame
44th
KühlplatteCooling plate
55
GießformMold
66
HeizkammerHeating chamber
77
HeizelementHeating element
88th
Tiegelcrucible
99
Trägercarrier
1010th
KühlschmelzeCooling melt
1111
Schlitzslot
1212th
VertikalführungVertical guidance
1313
WärmeisolationsschichtThermal insulation layer
1414
VakuumkammerVacuum chamber
1515
BundFederation
1616
TiegelrandCrucible rim
1717th
Rüttelgerät, SchwingungserzeugerVibrator, vibration generator
1818th
Stößel, Arm, AbtriebsgliedRam, arm, output link
1919th
Ringring
2020th
Bolzenbolt
2121
Armpoor

Claims (7)

  1. A process for the directional solidification of a metal melt cast in a casting mould, for example nickel, by moving the casting mould out of a heating chamber and immersing the casting mould in a liquid metal bath which serves as cooling melt and has a lower melting point than the metal melt in the casting mould, for example aluminium, wherein, for sealing between the heating chamber and the casting mould, a floating thermal insulation layer consisting of a flowable material is applied to the cooling metal, and before the casting mould penetrates the thermal insulation layer and is immersed in the cooling melt, the heating chamber or cooling melt is displaced to such an extent that the heating chamber contacts the thermal insulation layer or is immersed therein, characterised in that the thermal insulation layer is vigorously moved or stirred by a motor driven rake, paddle or agitator.
  2. A device for the directional solidification of a metal melt cast in a casting mould (5), for example nickel, by moving the casting mould (5) out of a heating chamber (6) and immersing the casting mould (5) in a liquid metal bath (10) which serves as cooling melt and has a lower melting point than the metal melt in the casting mould (5), for example an aluminium melt bath, wherein, for sealing between the heating chamber (6) and the casting mould (5) a floating thermal insulation layer (13) consisting of a flowable material is applied to the cooling melt (10), and before the casting mould penetrates the thermal insulation layer (13) and is immersed in the cooling melt (10), the heating chamber (6) or the cooling melt (10) is displaced to such an extent that the heating chamber (6) contacts the thermal insulation layer (13) or is immersed therein, characterised by a rake or agitator (19) which is immersed in the thermal insulation layer (13) and is moved by a jolter or vibration generator (17), the jolter or vibration generator (17) being permanently arranged on the upper rim (16) of the crucible (8) for the cooling melt (10) and the rake or agitator (19) being actively connected to the reciprocating driven element (18) of the jolter or vibration generator (17).
  3. A device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the rake or agitator (19) has the form of a ring (19) which surrounds the casting mould (5) and which, by the jolter (17), is moved back and forth in a horizontal plane or is rotated back and forth about the vertically extending longitudinal axis of the crucible (5).
  4. A device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the rake or agitator (19) has the form of a grid or grating.
  5. A device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the height of the ring-shaped rake or agitator (19) corresponds approximately to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (13).
  6. A device according to one or more of Claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the movement of the rake or agitator (19) is formed by the combination of a lifting/lowering movement with a back and forth movement and/or back and forth rotation.
  7. A device according to one or more of Claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the upper edge of the rake or agitator (19) is supported, via pins or bolts (20) extending in a vertical plane, on guides (21) which are provided on the upper rim (16) of the crucible (8) containing the cooling melt (10).
EP98108403A 1997-07-17 1998-05-08 Method and apparatus for directional solidification of a metal melt Expired - Lifetime EP0891828B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19730637 1997-07-17
DE19730637A DE19730637A1 (en) 1997-07-17 1997-07-17 Process for the directional solidification of a molten metal and casting device for carrying it out

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0891828A1 EP0891828A1 (en) 1999-01-20
EP0891828B1 true EP0891828B1 (en) 2000-01-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98108403A Expired - Lifetime EP0891828B1 (en) 1997-07-17 1998-05-08 Method and apparatus for directional solidification of a metal melt

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US5988257A (en)
EP (1) EP0891828B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH1177281A (en)
CA (1) CA2266340C (en)
DE (2) DE19730637A1 (en)
EA (1) EA001195B1 (en)
EE (1) EE03859B1 (en)
GE (1) GEP20012495B (en)
WO (1) WO1999003620A1 (en)

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US7343960B1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2008-03-18 Rolls-Royce Corporation Method and apparatus for production of a cast component
US6932145B2 (en) 1998-11-20 2005-08-23 Rolls-Royce Corporation Method and apparatus for production of a cast component
US6446700B1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2002-09-10 General Electric Company Floating insulating baffle for high gradient casting
US6311760B1 (en) 1999-08-13 2001-11-06 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method and apparatus for casting directionally solidified article
US6276433B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-08-21 General Electric Company Liquid metal cooled directional solidification process
US6308767B1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2001-10-30 General Electric Company Liquid metal bath furnace and casting method
US6896030B2 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-05-24 Howmet Corporation Directional solidification method and apparatus
EP1851367B1 (en) 2005-02-03 2012-08-08 Rec Scanwafer AS Method and device for producing oriented solidified blocks made of semi-conductor material
US7344596B2 (en) * 2005-08-25 2008-03-18 Crystal Systems, Inc. System and method for crystal growing
EP2242874B1 (en) * 2008-02-14 2012-04-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Device and method for preparing crystalline bodies by directional solidification
US20090314452A1 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-24 Garlock Robert M Method of casting metal articles
CN101954475B (en) * 2010-09-09 2012-06-20 沈阳铸造研究所 Liquid metal cooling and directional condensing equipment with tin boiler stirrer
DE102014216766B4 (en) * 2014-08-22 2019-08-14 Friedrich-Alexander-Universtität Erlangen-Nürnberg Method and device for producing a cast component
DE102017115087B4 (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-12-19 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Device for producing a cast component
CN114401992A (en) 2019-07-05 2022-04-26 艾欧麦克斯治疗股份公司 Antibodies to IGSF11(VSIG3) that bind IGC2 and uses thereof
US20240010720A1 (en) 2020-07-06 2024-01-11 Iomx Therapeutics Ag Antibodies binding igv of igsf11 (vsig3) and uses thereof
CN113172215B (en) * 2021-03-27 2022-06-28 兰州交通大学 Alloy vacuum directional solidification device

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US4190094A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-02-26 United Technologies Corporation Rate controlled directional solidification method
DE4321640C2 (en) * 1993-06-30 1998-08-06 Siemens Ag Process for the directional solidification of a molten metal and casting device for carrying it out
EP0631832B1 (en) * 1993-07-02 1998-05-20 ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Method and apparatus for directional solidification of a metal melt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0891828A1 (en) 1999-01-20
EA199900203A1 (en) 1999-10-28
US5988257A (en) 1999-11-23
DE19730637A1 (en) 1999-01-21
EE9900094A (en) 1999-10-15
GEP20012495B (en) 2001-07-25
WO1999003620A1 (en) 1999-01-28
CA2266340C (en) 2003-09-23
EA001195B1 (en) 2000-12-25
JPH1177281A (en) 1999-03-23
EE03859B1 (en) 2002-10-15
DE59800077D1 (en) 2000-02-10
CA2266340A1 (en) 1999-01-28

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