DE1458167A1 - Method and device for the slow casting and shaping of metals - Google Patents

Description

DR- I. M- MAAS DR.W.G.PFEIFFER

PATE ti TAN VV ALTE

MONKS 23

.HUNGERER STRAS SE 2S

Dr, Expl.]

A 81 Π4-3

pj.äVi-CiQ- -Hepp.enatall _{: i} pom) &xx; r _tr Τϊι5.1.ρ Aelph ^ _f . Penn8 ^ 1yaBia _r

3? Orm.en of metal on ο

3) the invention; ¹ Ih-Jheht niob, on a Yei-r-i'i ^ t) toäi and on one Vorrcorgung Eiuni (rioBo "". From HotoXl ^ xir.i castings or Ba.rren iii to clinic chord iianntab eiilFiChlioßlioh Mr.üjjolmrren with ? a 3 elai;..-Ιογει tv geri ^ oßj ^'1 (^ eschwinäiglseit to pour "the iTi' veoentliohen the Hrstamaigogeschwindigkeit of gegosoeaea" iilaterials in ■ "is equal to the" ses material poured v / ill to Equal and flawless castings without voids and bubbles and essentially without SeJ ^ erimgaerGoheinungen (segregation through crystallization) are obtained

BATH ORIGINAL

909804/1087

Invention of a Torfaliren imd. eire Törribhtung, weisei during Abeiuehenn & iiij.t r a TäMmm of mittlii-Robi DrucJ: snt ^ ast / ir l _£ inter alia 'microscopically pure legie su obtain Cl ₃ Ii ₁ nolölicr clis for large Dampfturbinenläiifer ,,' Genßr-r _oreLt? FTIR I: K & U5Drxchiiien _f ßeijckoße uj ever tried g for SpesislEwecke v ^ rwüiidet: s-r'.Ioa _f eineeblicßlicli such Leg ± <2Tuiiße: a _f AEIA for Irinc ^ rädcr of ELtigsöuge-ft l: e < · Are required. O

So far boi öor JIcr ^ tellnngTon sogsiife and Iii = - (; r-Mo-v'-I? C ^ u ν grooves of high quality in loxn. From rotary bodies eg »oil-.i loypolooaimeliiirorfplvrOjA ait degassing in Yakiain angsv / iin 'l't _t rir.i "a 'hoohv / ertige ^ dkraölropiscli pure Stalilisgiorimg with rolvtiv eleicb ^^ Sig ^ H cileriisohen analyzes τοπ Se? it3 iiu page m.id vc» n obah i ^ O. ont-sn su get _a

Such an ana ^ se results in feeBo

p07-.0v0l_3 ö _f 0.25 ... 1.56 3 _f t? _: Q- / tf 0.1.4 0.04 O ₅ OO? .

with e.inöö nieclorea ^! - esgchalt'j, 'Og ^ 12' divisor-ßre-million ieile (ppm) ί ITp '"'» 41 ppi; miü Hg- ^ 1 ircTa ^ um ein Blätterii or flaking au

BAD OfliGiNÄL

9 0 9804/1087

gets en in vacuo Tiird in the sweiten geschraolsenen 2ustauet "for bridges under 5 microns Eg absolute performed" In order to obtain these high ISrgeTmisse, the purified StaMlegierung is geaabisolsön in an electric furnace and then with degassing in a tmter the furnace "(located xießpfarne cast _s to a pressure of about 1 "wn to 6 Hg B" is evacuated bsolut before the furnace wirdο anceatochen the degassed ₉ geacliiaolEene steel v / ith schlieJlich in Iiuft in a Elektroäenfona gegoseen ₀ the electrode ivird nech the AlDscnruT ^ ben of öiiffaogenofen surface in a lathe at the. lower Bnde a rod in an evacuated L5 secured ₀ bottom of the furnace to TDringenj is a Kupferforn with a jacket, flows through the Ktöilwasser, zn to the molten metal sum solidification. after, the sheet · abgeDrannt and thereby the brakable cable of the electrode is melted »This mode of operation requires a very expensive gate direction f a large one n operating and material costs and achließt certain "Qnfalimöglichkeiten including the possibility of a ₄ that the aura burnup vorgese" hene electrode äcsentriert,? / obei the arc to the wall of the mold skip channel and thus the risk of a short circuit "beeteilt and thus the 3 ? orm your wae-Derdislite own booklet loses j and it zn a steam · = ·

ORIGlNAL BATHROOM

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explosion occurs or that leaks in egg shape form in a different way. "In addition, the diameter" - the diameter - which can be achieved with these known measures, despite careful handling, is smaller than a: Le from which these bars or The finished castings are to a considerable extent rejected at their upper and lower ends, mainly at the upper end, where the inverted Koiic depression can be made visible as by sulphurous prints, a sieve of more than 1 / 2 of the flow rate even with the largest, finished * balls made in this way can have ₀

With the slow casting and molding process of this invention ₉ , the good quality and microscopic purity desired by the industry is achieved for castings from 15.24 to 254 cn (6 to 100 inches ) was obtained and it ^ said G-ußstücke be prepared directly in a single operation ^ without .zuerst an electrode for an electric arc furnace is generated and it again must wereöon geschmölsen ο with & em erfind imgsgemä.9 s methods are also Hochvakuas in the Micron overview or the double systems as well as the excessive measures and disadvantages which are peculiar to the previous Irasis *

909804/1087 bad original

Instead of these known measures, according to this invention, preferably in combination with the degassing of the melt flow, the molten, purified metal is poured at a slow continuous speed, this speed corresponding exactly to the speed of solidification of the molten material in the HOrin and being a very shallow or shallow liquid "The layer on top of the casting is retained, thereby preventing crust formation or cracking of the surface of the casting. Bulging, segregation and the formation of dendrites in the freshly solidifying metal layer under the liquid layer are also prevented. This means that high-quality, microscopically pure alloys and steels with low Segregation properties in a single operation with enormous savings in investment costs. It is possible to use these inventive measures to produce very large bars under Terwon & un g of a (jinaigen oven with a small 3-aasungsver ~sögen manufactures) so that the batches of several successive batches from one and the same oven can be used to pour a single 6-pour

The invention with reference to FIGS ¥ / ill be explained in more detail, for example, ₀

90 9804/1 0: 8

Figure Ί shows a section through the vertical axis a combined device according to the invention, which is suitable for degassing the melt flow, a controlled casting in a vacuum and a shifting semolina in a ring shape su gießeno

Figure 2 shows in section along the line II-II in Fi * = gur 1 the top view of the lower part of the device «» tungo

FIG. 2 shows the upper part of the device from below ₉ in a section along the line III in FIG. the heating devices can be seen that keep the upper molten metal layer on the bar in the molten state so that it does not encrust and no solid bridges form on this layer *

FIG. 4 shows, in a section through the tertiary axis, the upper part of a further "embodiment of a device according to the invention in which the molten metal is placed under pressure in the casting pan" _? to the . Grießgesohv / indigkeit in a G-au ußliximmer control _g. where electrical arcs with burnable electrodes can be used as a heat source ₀

Figure 5 shows a plan view of a ring shape with a polygonal plan along the line V-V in Figure 4 °

0 9804/10 8 7

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of a pouring channel of a pouring ladle, which is suitable for the inventive Process suitable and in which facilities are provided by the action of electric fields the speed of the flow through the outlet duct can regulate ο

Figure 7 shows a section of this invention is defined by the vertical axis of a further modified embodiment which has a mold and a tundish with which the inventive method can be carried out ₀

FIG. 8 shows a plan view along line VIII-VIII in Figure 7 »

FIG. 9 shows a section along the vertical axis of yet another arrangement according to the invention in order to certain way to cast a moving casting " Au form and cool, this casting being designed as a hollow cylinder

FIG. 10 shows a view along the line X-X in Figure 9 ° ..-., .-.

909804/108

In the figures 1 to 5 a device 10 is shown, which has an outlet spout 11 with a groove 12 to the molten metal flowing out of a furnace (not shown), for example a tiltable electric furnace, into a pan or funnel 15 pour when the oven is tilted o The pan 15 is with refractory material and has at its bottom a dune-shaped outlet opening 14, which forms the mouth of a bore 15 of a certain size »If desired, the outlet opening 14 with a plug 16 closed v / earth, which can be operated with an externally arranged Sohwenkmechanismua, which one remotely controllable cylinder 17 has o alternative the Schwenkraechaniemus can be operated by hand A collateral over electric plug 18 is in the pan or An annular outer flange 19 provided for the funnel surrounds the pan around it on a ring flange 20 Put on Abdlchtungszylinders 21, a rope of a Forms vacuum-tight cover 22 which surrounds an opening 25 through which the nozzle 14 extends A vacuum seal is provided between the flanges 19 and 20 so that they can be connected to one another in a vacuum-tight manner ο

The cover 22 has a lower flange 24 which can be aufpesetst on a belt flange 25, which one

909804/1087

1 <ιββ167

% ίηβτ with esters material fires forms lined ladle un ~ tors 26, the handle 26a for canceling has ₀ Aar bottom of the pan 26 there is a dtistn * · shaped Gießmundetiiek 27 au Rait © suitable _material; a hole 28 which has a predetermined diameter. The hole 28 can be topped with a plug which is different in the vertical direction. 29, which is lined with hit-resistant material and connected via a vacuum-tight sleeve 30 to a handle 31 which can be raised or lowered manually or mechanically in order to actuate the stopper 29 This Ysreohiabung the handle is possible to BIiib Takuwmabdiclitung - ^f between the Flanachinii 24 v & iü 2 $ in front of, gßsoliem5 'so that - the inside hole 33 of the pan 26 by a feature 34 which opens into the inner 33 of the pan, evacuated / srüer · can _o, Bin flexible VafcuüiQßblilaüüh 35 is connected 34 with the ^ KrliriiBior 'to a Vörvakuura preferably doo inside 33' produce au »when the lid 22 and a heat-resistant Strahlenabaehiraung 36 standard befindene in ider illustrated position a with hitaebeständigeia material The lined basket 37, which is open at the top and bottom, is located in the opening 38 in the shield 36 in order to shield the hot-area covering of the plug, and be delimits the ohmic material flowing out of the tapping channel 15 when it enters the evacuated interior 33 of the

¹ ORIGINAL BATHROOM

Ladle 26 enters ο Has leaking gesoiaoolaeae tall tends "if 37 werläüt the basket bottom · 'oioh while, so that through the interior of the ladle» turns out to' wide 'considerable surface, the Mate "is rials exposed to the vacuum, and thereby ready to give off oases that are in the smeared metal, such as oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen ₉ «) The pressure of this vacuum only needs to be moderate for the production of a very good quality of a microscopically pure, relatively blending-free steel alloy according to this invention. A vacuum sound about 1 absolute to 6 mm Eg is usually (not shown) sufficiently _o Vorsugsweise v / ground the vacuum replacing devices ₉ which are yerbunden with the flöjriblen YakuuBirohr 23 "in operation gelaa = -? een _ff if dao 2 par dea molten metal A vacuum rises in the ladle 26, so that the molten metal that has disintegrated into fragments is degassed when it enters the path mie ujicl -on .the geschmolsene metal · "m & sse falls, the calibration sammeltο in the lower ^s ecause the ladle 26

An annular collar 39 is around the. Bottom of the ladle 26 at "*" sorted = "A seal cylinder 40 is within the collar around the opening or nozzle 27 angeordnetV Induktionshelzspulen 41 _f are also verivendet to Bühren Ki ·" nen, Könix "it.in, the Seitenwandtmg the ladle 26

BATH

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be seen ^ to any © desired üJei & peratuy in the molten material "which is located in the ladle 26", to keep theoeo flowable and / or to carry out other conifications. Induction coils 42 but control of the plus «see in The bottom of the pouring ladle can be done directly or in the pouring opening 27, which, as shown, consists of high temperature-resistant ceramic material, BoEo of sirconium dioxide, ε, opposite to _tlisjMiachen shock «= loads and damage caused by the explosion - the molten material that flows through the nozzle or opening is resistant. 43 a blow, "the cylinder 40 is in a vacuum-like position relative to a ring plate 44 at the frequent end of the bell" a vacuum seal is for safety reasons "like chengee contains o the lower end of the mouth, or nozzle 27, there is located inside the sealing _{cylinder 40 "9} can also be closed by a fusible membrane 45» SoBc made of aluminum, leg to separate the interior 35 of the pouring ladle 26 from the interior 46 of the Glookendeokels 45 during evacuation ^ and before casting cuo cause ^l * Ir /:

The frpuie or Bptilen 42 k6inne »''% ei ^ end ^? T: be ^ - to a mono- or multi-phane Weöhself'elS voxi tjßSStiEJmter.

909804/1087

and espissvgen intensity and vm with which the geschselsen © material by - to regulate the passage Eder channel 28 aueßtri5mt _f and / or Au. vary ο This can with or without Eic.htungsbeyorsu.gung jBchchoti, ί · ο that the energy with one? greater or lesser intensity in

Concerned on the 7 © rtiL: aisclise of the channel 28, works, if mixed the selected casting pipe / indiglfisit (see .Figure 6) ο Even if the molten "steel" alloy. is essentially magnetic, a bond is effective through the Coil odor coils 42, which are caused by the eddy current © iato Other IPoriaszi dea electrical current can be used to control the flow <? If desired _p the coil windings can consist of hollow tubes and a coolant _g such as SoBo air or Kchlendio: Eyö ,? iami circulate through these pipes ο far? know that cooling is used exclusively for «ΐ" · ι dia Wise 27 afosaischreekes imö thereby cooling or preventing the flow in a channel 28

The blockendeekel auegebildet 45 is in this embodiment ^ toxm ale Btarkes sylindrischee GehäusQ 47, the upper part 40 has sin kegeletumpfförmiges ^ which sine Mittolöffnung 49 surrounds that the diaphragm 45 and the nozzle 27 arranged in the isto Gloclce 45 is a ge

BATH ORIGINAL

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Teo Stahlgoetell 50 Vorgeehen, d ·, »Dtokeasipx'oeaen 51 have how to carry the Slock · 43 and do the considerable weight of the ladle 26, especially if there is molten metal in it. The lower with a flange veroelieiie .'3nd of the Gea divide 50 eitat on a Hing 52, which is in the. The bottom of the installation is located between the flange and the sing * Dao lower with a splash Vörceliene 3nd of the bell 43 sits on the central hanging * - flange of the frame 50, with a seal between the two splashes too. is inserted, around the Q-oh outside gas-tight abetxdichteno A hearing end 55 forms a part of the bell 43 and a Vskuunianechluß au dera inside this bell 43 through the aia circumference i, u Abetend of * mutually arranged columns or posts deo order 50c Bas tube 55 is connected to eiaem 'flexible Schlauoh S54 "of BU a vacuum unit {not shown) performs ;, In some balloon, if desired, _s be a non-oxidizing gas is passed through this Schlauoh the Schlaufth may alternatively lead to a Au Gasdruckq.uelle, a pressure should be maintained in the interior 46, which is sometimes desirable in order to form every high, dandy structure in the oratarrte g · achmolaenen Meiall, also suppress _{0 The} lower end of the bell 43 is closed by a jundament wall 53 ₉ which has a deep axial central bore 56.

shows what a two-way serves »

Each of the posts or pillars of the frame 50 has an inwardly extending retainer 57 to hold a bing mold 50 made of a highly thermally conductive metal such as copper. The upper edge of mold 58 is at 59 The inner wall of the PM 58 has a generally circular or polygonal plan and widens slightly outwards "Sen and below? In relation to the vertical central axis" around itself by an ingot 61 while it is being produced! " can and connected to the outside of the bell 4 with an insulated bore 63 oindo The collecting pipe 63 is connected to a cooling pipe 55. The other Saorael pipe 64 eats with the other Or connected to the other ends of the Passegüii 62 and leads to a further cooling pipe 66 <, At 50a coupling devices are provided in the frame 50 to read this from the lines asu "if it is to be lifted away at the end of a casting process o The coupling and uncoupling takes place near the bottom

BATH ORIGINAL

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that of the system, as shown in FIG Place is where the best immediate cooling effect is desired o The coolant can indeed be Wasoer β, but carbon dioxide or another non-explosive coolant is pre-sucked. You amount and dio speed of the circulation of the coolant? · And -dependent of the plant, which the circulation is going with (not shown »shown), This plant« communicates with the pipes 65 and 66ο If water is used as a coolant, tu Start of operation preventive cooling air is passed through the lines 62, after which the cooling water flow is turned on in increasing amounts, so that a "sudden rise in temperature of the water and a conversion of the water into water vapor are avoided" This measure also prevents undesired condensation the outside of the form 58 at the start of "operation"

With the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 At the beginning of the casting, the metal is poured onto a cool block 67, which is preferably a relatively is a solid steel block and upwardly protruding nozzles

'■■■■■ ..- ■ ^? ■ - ■ · ■ -. &"'ϊ\'.'. ■■■■■ - ■■ .-.- ■ ■ ■. ₍ ■ ,. or hares € 8, which & uf die Ober« Jläohe d «s Blök-

909804/1087 bad

Izee aufgesehwsißt Bind, In Bagimi of Erotarrens accesses the Grießliiig or bars 61 in the block and di © Socket ELNO The block 67 is © inen motor drive 69 ait a speed lowered * di © of Bildtmgage "speed dea bar 61 corresponds to" Des cooling through the form 58 at the more frequent end of the bar 61 it follows through the invented measures quickly and in the 37at as quickly as the speed of the bar at the Gri3Gn _c you contraction of the bar 61 against the board Middle of the]? Form 2SU causes a loosening of the.? Wall 60 egg forra of the barr-enmaterielf jedoolj remains a © eeicht © 3? LÜS £ sig layer 70 on top of azn G-ieOli?, ^ Or bar ir kö lischer boron with the wall 60o This fSuhioht iat neatly flat or © eicht and besitat ode a £ η.ηϊ solidified Übergazigsteil: ·? a © Uuterecliicht 71 »diö die ^ orera eini. ^a flash ß? .v; oiled disc benits; t and rait of the already frozen. Oborrscito den Gittßlingß 61 _r dio eich immediately 'underneath'is' has a uniform and continuous contact ^ at. the one in the Figure ?? 1 to 3 illustrated AnoSvlizmiisstifoxm wivä a fiyjif ^ siiaches QleBen thereby;. 'Ö.tciit _£ that Motaiv operating gear 69 drives a worm 72 with a very specific solubility _for the i, h3? «Rseita a scarf QTi: '? ad 73 and with this a cutter? 4 örsht, ede aicJi im IHiIgV) Jt with a spindle 75 VafäRcir; * ^ \ -; © lcJir _; αΊ; -. ^?:.: / ißiiug iu'r, _f \ m. U * -:

BATH ORiGINAL 909804/1087

Ingot 61 and block 67 on a plate 77 "" cold, from which the block 67 can be easily separated ο this plate is located on the upper bath of the piston 7 $ · Bio Turning the nut 74 does not cause the piston to turn 75 »around its axis, since a split pin 75a is provided, which engages in a hat 75b in the piston ο The piston is thereby guided downwards at the prescribed speed, which corresponds to the evenness of the seen oil * senen Itetalls ans the ladle 26 corresponds to "Btn ate" owner deodorant 76 for the notor-reduelergetrtebe 69 1st old cans solid base connected and with • inea.Kra «* provided »to which the cotter pin 75a is attached»

Sine Vleleahl of Heieoinriohtwngen can use who to keep open "the" around the surface of Pushes 70 "ίο Aaj it is nioht crusted or bridged if the ingot is cast 61 and cooled Bas keeping open the Oberflaehe causes just fall degassing when the interior of the Bell 43 is evacuated and move with all will see any oxytic red, which may be in the socket 70, on the surface of the same. Holes or bubbles have been avoided in the barron Undersides of the rungs 51 are clad in a radiant, hit-resistant material 78, underneath the so-called glass

BATH ORIGINAL

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~ 18 -

are suspended, which can consist of a material such as silicon carbide and which are arranged in a ring at such a distance from the vertical axis of the device, so that the οά these oils released onto the surface of the Sohmelee Heat aw most intense at a distance of 2/3 of the radius, from this axis acted holders 81 are provided for each group of rods 80, at least one of the holders consists of a conductive material and the ends of the? Oltih «ity) Q on one side of each group and the other holder enables the light rods 80 to move in this holder due to the change in length as a result of the temperature differences, ladder 82 for each set of glass rods are due to the material 78 which is subject to the top hindurohgeführt and corresponding conductive ropes are downwardly in a oäsr aehreren by electrical lines 83 of the columns mu 50 a from »v; oigdoee 84 out" from the further lines 85 au the outside of the bell 45 ο lead under the bottom plate 52 in the same Weis Like the cooling circuit 65 and € _o > a suitable ekumu seal is provided around the barely 46 vacuum-tight dismantling of the heating devices 80 causes the temperature gradient between the middle of the shoe 70 and the belt to be close to it which inclines only moderately and thus this layer is kept relatively flat and thin »Other suitable heating devices

ORIGINAL BATH 909804/1087

Can be used _s like SoE * LiöhtT> 8gtm-with brakable electrodes, as shown in figure 4, or! Slefctrosiensöhloudern with Bocheiiergieatisgäagen ”as they are shown in figure 9 ο the last mentioned one“ correct with higher vacuaa in the order of magnitude tone 1/100 mm Hg absolutely used with success in room 46 *

In operation of the plant shown in the Figures 1 to 3 according to these "Srfladung the refractory material of the Giaßtriehters 13 * is the pan 26 and the ßXoeäo 43 Torsiißfjweieß vcr.'Cihlti- · ^ imm '.rLx-c pierced with the molten Haterial and wm ^ .f.esGS on eia bee =

c of the plug is increased mean it level in the frichter Yi. 16 opened and the metal soldered a fusible membrane on »which preferably seals the lower side of the nozzle or of the channels 14 and flows into the pouring ladle 26 in dissolved form or in fractions, to during the Abflieeeensim Taicutim ont ^ ast γλι t-'srieii ^ When the molten metal in the ladle 26 has risen to a certain level, the plug 29 is opened and a stream of molten metal flows through the channel 28 at a predetermined speed. This gene speed is controlled to a certain extent by the Height of the metal level in the pouring ladle 26 _f, however, far j? Dujroh den Surcfemsseei? Des channels 28 at the location of the

BAD OBlGlNW-

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The first part of the current through the terminal 28 ramps the membrane 45 and causes a vacuum seal of the entire part of the device between the mirror of the molten material in the funnel and the interior of the bell 43 ο The. Gießgesohwin "speed or the flow rate through the channel 28 substantially corresponds to the solidification rate in the thin layer 70 and the thin sub-layer 71 to the above-described advantages of this Verfahrensmaß-nahraen auszuntitEon ₀ The Ringforra 58 is fixedly * since the Kontraktion.beim solidification of the lower layer 71 has the consequence that the edge surface of the corresponding part of the ingot 61 lifts slightly from the upper part of the wall 60.O It can ^ however * if desired, a small relative axial displacement between the ingot or casting 61 and the mold 58 be made? in order to avoid any difficulties when the C-runner freezes from the mold o There is only a very slight turbulent flow from the nozzle. 27 is always arranged relatively close to the upper side of the mold 58, at which point the solidification takes place quickly and as far as possible in a flat layer Allow observation of the pouring process * Slow pouring _f avoiding ΐΐ2. ·:; ΪΓνο1Χ.ΐΛί!, ·? · <; ΟΓ TtirbulenR and fast casting

909804/1087 "

cooling, which corresponds to the casting speed, »avoids the migration of residual inlets in the steel and prevents the separation through crystallization (segregation) or the extrusion, especially then, ψθώώ. the steel is microscopically pure after the steel alloy has been manufactured in any chosen furnace suitable for this purpose, and dt? ". acli has been degassed during the drainage and 6-ioficns? The pouring ladle 26 can sometimes be raised or lowered a little in order to vary the flow rate or pouring speed through the nozzle 27 or by heating the coils. 41 can swecks control the flow rate Materials

t be ^ if the iriohter or reservoir iilior eixt © flilltüllo 11 or instead directly from one

llfcex ej, ne p ^ ipfanne bee chielrfc- will * can in cijia Ofor. ü-? xr the fuxxpfnnne several batches ^ rorbes ^ eifeet empty »which are poured continuously one after the other into the funnel 13 _s to refill the pouring ladle 26 without this measure having an adverse effect on the ingot 61, or without loss of life ₆ is pouring through the öa. © ri'incfongsgeBiäfieii Maßnalnaen tinüblioh slowly in lilDerelnejti-Eimung with the Erstar "rungsgesehwindigkeit dsa Hetall £ 3 in the billet 61 under influence of the OEEM Wärraeabfvihrein3.'iiihtimgen _s with the

BATH

09804/1017

cc =

form 58 are coupled «takes place» Bar achieved * When all of the material that flows into the space 46 ^/ for the production of the bar 61 has been poured out of the pan 26, the completion of the solidification of the upper layer of the bar requires only a short time, since it is relatively thin Thereafter, the vacuum can be broken, and the (yloakengehäuse 47 v removed / ground ο Wema desired., the frame 50 may together with he d shape 58 will also be removed after it has been disconnected at the points 50a and 84 * the Barron 61 with the Block 6T _9, which is located on the plate 77 and with the piston 75 * which is located in the bore 56, remain in place? Bin gripper k ann can be used _f wa. to pick up the bar 61 and lift it off the block 47. The block 67 can be returned to the plate 77 after it has been detached from the bar and after rabbits or mares 68 have been welded onto the block «. The ingot 61 is stored or stacked thereon. After the block 67 has been returned to its place on the plate 77, the pouring funnel 13 and the pouring ladle 26 are filled again and

BAD ORJQiNAL 909804/1087

the frame 50 and the bell 43 are put in place. The device can then be evacuated again and put into operation o

The apparatus shown in Figures 4 and 5 ent ~ speaks in many Hineicht the design and the construction of the embodiment first described above, according to this Erfindungo Corresponding ropes are at equal Bezugsaeichen which are provided with a bar _s denotes ο In the Piguren 4 and 5, the illustrated Ausführungsforia geochmolaene metal either from an en of or from a Füllpfaraie and .Anwesenheit of air into the ladle 26 'gagosstno Preferably, the geechraolKGne metals with the di · ladle 26 ^{-is loaded "in advance in the furnace or The PttllpfannGf deoxidizes * by using a deoxidizing additive or other means ₀ In springs lall the essentially deoxidized molten metal? which is located in the ladle 26 ' _f through a channel

28 ^e with a predetermined speed hindurohgeführtj as well as in the first embodiment described above, _t of this invention is done? so that the speed of pouring vmA the speed of solidification coincide with one another o In addition, after the pouring ladle 2 (5. '

909804/1087

His! Splash 93 placed tightly on the 6-pouring pan 26 ^f . The lid is hold with clips 95 firmly sn place and StGlIo ge "= A source of pressurized gas, preferably from non oxidizing gas, such as Zx> B _c argon, is connected via a flexible line 94 to a manifold 95, which in the interior of the ladle 26 ♦ Eiündet _s so that a certain pressure on the top of the molten metal in the ladle 26 exerted * and thus the outflow of the ge ~ can be molten metals controlled by the channel 28 when the plug is lifted 29 'to the nozzle 27 about the Öffnenο the plug 29 'is actuated by a device which is passed through a Soitenöffnung 26'a in the top rope of the ladle * This opening ■ by a side plate 96 pressure-tightly closed a Querann ₉ which is fixed to the stopper _s is given by the Plate 96 led lim the oxidation and / or the "dendrite formation on the upper side of the bar 61 'being formed in the shallow fluid layer 70' and the solidifying lower layer 71 ^p possible t to keep it _low? a stream of non-oxidizing gas _f, for example argon, under pressure into the interior 46 ^! becoming passed via a line 90 and a gas source which is not shown * The gas stream is passed through a RoRr ₅ corresponding to the line 53 ~ 54 discharged _{f o}

The heating devices 80 'used in the room 46' find figurable electrodes 97, each of which

BAD OFHGiNAL 909804/1087

is arranged displaceably in its axial direction by a pressure-tight © sleeve 98 in the frustoconical rope of the bell 43 * and the frame 50 * ο The electrodes 97 are automatically advanced in a known manner by voltage-controlled devices to generate a direct current with a low voltage upright, which maintains a heating arc between the lower end of each of the electrodes 97 and the molten metal layer 70. The heating therefore causes the electrodes 97 to melt in this modified embodiment. These separable electrodes are manufactured beforehand and preferably consist of the The same composition as the ingot 61 Ό Y / if desired, the electrodes 97 can be arranged swinging back and forth about the vertical axis of the ingot 61 in order to cover a larger surface with each electrode o slag 99 with reduced or neutral properties can be on top accumulate in layer 70 * and normally surrounds = wise the Idehtbügen ₀ The slag takes, especially if it has realizing properties, formed oxides and inclusions from the layer 70. There are two pairs of electrodes 97 shown in the drawing Axis of the ingot "if desired" can be provided and the electric arc can under vacuum conditions in the bell 43 "as in the

809804/1087

The first-mentioned embodiment in accordance with this invention can be "properly preserved". The polygonal ring shape of the wall 60 in the boebi 58 'undermines the problem with larger castings, especially when the outer joint 61 contracts and the tone of the wall 60' loosens in the case of the Äusführungsform according to figures 4 and 5, the molten metal strand of the 28 ° flowing through the _channel? relatively coherent "even when pouring at a very rapid rate", although the pouring stream hits the layer 70 * with a somewhat greater mass and a somewhat greater force than is the case and tends to be the case with the first embodiment described above according to this invention therefore * deepen this layer a little too »but the ropes of the device are so close together? that disadvantageous spraying and! turbulence are avoided even when long, tall castings are cast. " In some Mllen and especially when smaller lighter ingots cast v / ground, a ladle, together with beak with a precise tipping "such as a gear mechanism" be used together with the inventive device ₉ are au to a very slow Gießgeschwindigkait which the Eretarrungsgeschwindigkeit _f the cast Metal in the shape corresponds to ₀

FIG. 6 shows a somewhat enlarged individual view of one Embodiment of the nozzle part of an inventive

BATH ORIGINAL

803804/1087

Ladle 25 is "Based on this Ausführungebeispiele will be explained the control of the casting speed using slurry ^ Phasenweehselstromapulen that the nozzle immediately surrounding ₀ The coils can from inside, if desired, be cooled, depending on the characteristics of these coils or nichtο As shown in Figure 6 As can be seen, the steel bottom 100 of the ladle is lined with refractory material 101 and has an opening through which a refractory or ceramic pouring nozzle 102 extends radial space between this metal protection and the nozzle is stamped out with chamotte. The nozzle 102 has a pouring channel 104 τθ & a very specific size, which "when the plug tip 105 is in its lowest position _t -" is closed »a cylindrical box 106 hangs from the Bottom 100 and is on its underside by a ring plate 107 closed "through which the tip of the nozzle 102 extends Hex box 106 and the cover 107 are preferably covered with refractory material" if not a layer of soil as radiation shielding, such as the layer of slag 99t used on the molten metal layer 70 in the case of ZoEo Formation of the casting 61 floats, however, the device shown in Figure 6 came for each embodiment of an inventive concept

BATH 909804/1087

direction are used _o The box 106 contains coils 108a _f 108b imd 108c _t which are connected to the three lines of a three-phase network of the desired frequency o When the device shown in Figure 6 is in operation, the plug 105 is lifted and the coils 108 are suitably insulated via conductors and extending to the side of the bell dome are energized, ZoBo will generate an upward force _s as shown by the arrows in channel 104 * even when an alternating current is used with many molten metals * alloys and steels that are not are magnetic "even if they show a magnetic behavior in the solid state"? The Durchflußgeschv / indiglceit of molten metal off the pan 100 downwardly through the channel 104 flows _s * can which pass through the coil or by other control means in place of these coils are regulated * Next the effect is the electrical energy _t obtained by the coil is routed 108 "near the Xnnenwandung of the channel 104 more intense than at the location of the vertical center axis of this channel, which wirdο indicated arbitrarily by the various cars of the arrows Therefore, flows through the metal, as indicated by the downward arrows _r is in the range of Channel center of channel 104 stronger than at the W gen _f so that not only a control of the speed according to this invention is possible _P but

BAD ORSGINAL 9098047 1087 ,. _; ;

It is also so provided an apparatus _f, the erosion or washing out of the wall of Püanals 104 due to the flow of the molten metal along the wall prevented Such. Erosion occurs to a relatively large extent in certain refractory materials and "causes a change in the effective diameter of the duct as a result of the broadening of the duct."

In FIGS. 7 and 8, an embodiment according to this invention is shown with an annular shape 120 which has a hollow outer wall 121 and a hollow core 122 o The interiors of the hollow core 122 and the hollow outer wall bind via a hollow base 123 together verbundeno the cavity 124 in the mold 120 is annular and Hing width kleinο relative to the height of the ring ■ Preferably, a coolant circulates _t as sοBo water "cooled compressed air or carbon dioxide through inlet = · and outlet pipes, as well as 125 and 126, the dumbbell The form o The inlet pipe 125 is coupled out with a swivel joint 110 so that the more frequent end 111 of the pipe rotates with the form when it is rotated Dax fish 112 can rotate with a letor ^ iteäulctionsge ^ gears 114

w§r "d§a _f we & n the lotor is excited _f eo that he doesn’t have more than 6 Wa

BAD OttiGJNAL

09.804 / 1-087-

gen per minute rotates ₀ To the inclusion of air in the hollow central core 122 of the mold to prevent 120, a bent tube 126 of the shape extending 115 from the inner Bnde of the cable 122 to the inlet side of the Drill in the outer wall 121 12O ₀ Y / hen Y / is ater introduced into the mold, it fills the entire interior of the annular cavity 124 and expels all of the air, the effluent water leaving the outflow 126 and falls into an annular trough 117 _f from dsm it by a trigger wirdο out 118 to a drain channel Sine overflow nose 116 is in the mold 120 for safety reasons before "seen to Errei around solidification of the molten metal at a speed of _s corresponds to the Giθßgeschwindigkeit of the metal, so the mold is cooled 120, whether these mold is turned over 120 with the rotary table 112 or not _o Preferably, the Foiin 120 with molten metal with a specific Sießgesohwindigkeit from dsr ladle 12 7 bssöhickt "a plurality of arranged on Bodsn the pan ceramic DÜeen 123 with channels of very specific size aufweistα These channels can be geschloesen with plugs 129 ;, with a Hebelmechagigmus 120a usiu Elyx & n gylinder 129b b makes" are far away from a rfannenkraii herabhängt- How is the pan 12 shown? Equipped with a pressure cap 13 ¹ O * which is similar to the Beqkel 91 and which is held in place pressure-tight with clips 130a _?

BATH ORIGINAL

909804 / 1-087

βο that a desired pressure or a desired pressure change in the pan 12? can be generated above the molten material by passing gas under pressure through a flsxlfe = les tube 131 into the interior of the pan 127. Even if the channels of the nozzles 129 are somewhat subjected to the aerosol, an adjustment of the pressure through the flexible tube 131 will change the casting speed so that it really corresponds exactly to the solidification speed of the casting in the mold 120 o It is emphasized ₉ that the dimensions of the mold 120 are such that even at the beginning of the casting process the cast metal does not fall over a long distance and in ^ edeja I? All the solidification of the metal proceeds so quickly and so evenly that it prevents segregation essentially independently of it is ο in 3? all »that a pouring ladle is used» with a single pouring nozzle on the bottom b e found, the pouring into the mold 120 is preferably carried out by rotating this mold 120 about its vertical axis at a low speed of, for example, 1 to 6 revolutions per minute, in order to ensure that the mold 120 is rotated. zene metal layer actually runs in a ring around the entire cavity 124 of the ΈΌηη: “This measure is, especially in view of the seliimllen

BATH ORIGINAL 909804/108 7

ness selected In Figures 9 and 10 is shown in accordance with this invention, an embodiment with which a hollow versohieblicher ingots can be cast, which along its vertical axis has a material-free space ο ü? rush _g the konstruktionBiaäßig and spark = tion moderately certain parts of the in The devices shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, with two dashes (") being used to denote the interference." With embodiment 10 *, a hollow ingot or casting 61 "is cast using an outer ring mold 58" and an inner sing mold 158 "=» i) The ring molds work in the same way, but the inner ring forms the inner rim.61 "b -des Barrene 61 "and the outer ring with the wall 60" the outer surface 61 "a of the ingot 61 ¹ O Me wall 160" of the inner ring shape 158 "is slightly inclined downwards and inwards, as shown o Next are located in the inner shape 153 "coolant lines 162""in the same W _e iee as the lines 62 act" and will take precautions with a coolant through the same pipes "which is also the cooling coils in the external form supply * the cooling lines for the inner shape of the struts 140 at the top of the bell 43 "and fastened above the frame 50" »The sector-shaped openings 141 between the struts or bridges 140 are lined with refractory material 145 and form openings in the G-IoeJcen.detsJceX A3 ^tf _xin &

BATH ORIGINAL

9098 (H / 1 Q87; ■ Γ

the frame 50 "" through which the molten material falls on top of the layer 70 "* This layer is ring-shaped and" forms the uppermost part of an annular casting 61 "o The layer 70" has a lower part or a lower layer »which- the solidifying part 71 "forms ο Bas geechmolaene material is poured out of the pan 26" * has the nozzles 27 ", which are four similar to the ladle shown in Figures 7 and 8 α Each of these nozzles can be fitted with a stopper 29 '* are closed _o All stoppers 29 "are connected to a common operating system. The underside of each nozzle 27" can be closed with a fusible membrane prior to casting if a vacuum is either in the pan 26 "or in the interior 46" of the bell or in both spaces is maintained o At the beginning of operation, the stoppers 29 ″ are lifted or opened and the raw material flows through the refractory-lined sector pipes n Opening on the bio oil 67 ", which rests against the lint side of the inner ring form 158". The Hingfoxra 158 "can,"'if desired, have half the height of the ring form 58 "to ensure that no molten · 'Material at the beginning of the Br => solidification at the beginning of the formation of the casting 62 "lose gelrfco iiaoh the beginning of the casting dor block 67" in the weeentlishen continuously with the casting, which is formed by the solidified layer on my top »

BATH

The inner ring shape 158 "shifted near the bottom hangs on rails 142, which are fastened in the middle of the struts 140 and are rigidly connected to the rest of the frame 50" o The ring shape 58 "is connected to a ring 57"? which served as a holder. This ring 57 ″ is not firmly connected to the frame 50 ″ but with a piston 143, so that the ring, if desired, can be moved up or down or in both directions cyclically, which is achieved with a remotely controllable cylinder 144 takes place, which is "attached to the frame 50" »The ring 57" cannot be rotated because it has angularly spaced notches on its periphery which engage in feed rings 147 which are attached to the post of the frame 50 o The use of Cylinders 144 "which are arranged at a distance from one another on the inside of the frame 50" enable an increased relative movement to take place between the wall 60 "of the itingforia 58" and the outer surface of the bar 61 ", which ensures that both surfaces adhere the possibility of molten metal of the casting breaking out in the process is due to the relatively high rate of solidification caused by di A slow casting speed is ruled out. In this type of casting, the waves that occur in the surface of the molten layer 70 prevent the formation of a shape at the outer edges against the corrugated walls 60 "and

ORIGINAL BATHROOM

90 9804/1087

160 "JSU, which very quickly turns into a solid state * When heating 8ö ^1t, according to the Ausfülirungsform, provided the figures onenachleudern Electric-9 and 10, which are mounted in Kugelgeleiikverbindungen" Tuck Elektronenechleudern work best in a high vacuum on the order of 10 mm Hg absolute or less ο At the point at which the heating devices 80 '“extend” through the bell shell 43, vacuum- or pressure-tight seals are provided

When casting castings on an industrial scale including very large prior art castings, often became the entire contents of a large furnace within minutes tapped at once and the solidification of the molten metal proceeded according to a general Usually hours or at least a multiple of the duration * which includes the entire casting process, where the difficulties * those in the nature and composition of the castings produced in this way were, lie, remained o With the measures according to the invention, for example, a 20-ton bar can usually be produced at a rate of between 2 and 3 tons of molten metal per hour, whereby the rigid takes the same period of time o In the case of macro = Castings made with 100 ϊοηηοη per casting and larger should be, is a casting speed of about 7 to

BATH

909804/1007

10! Tons per Stimdo Eweolnuäßig, wherein the solidification with wider same speed and in the same total time of the manufacturing operations etattfindeto By erfinduttgsgemäßen the above! Measures tmd Prior = richtungateile variously combined v / ground _t casting and Brstarrungsgeschwindigkeiten can! With or without individual -or- double Takuimientgasung and thereby the advantages described in detail under adjustment to the respective conditions are obtained v / ground ₀

BAD OR / GiN _AL 9 0 9 8 0 Λ / 1 OR 7 · ■■ - ■.

Claims (1)

1468167 Process for slow casting and molding of metal castings, characterized »that one batch from cleaned, sohmblsenem metal is tapped into a pouring spout, that an evacuated pouring ladle is placed under this pouring spout, that molten metal is poured from this semolina spout into the evacuated ladle in order to spread the poured molten metal when it enters the evacuated pan, so that the degassed, molten metal in this evacuated pan is heated to a certain temperature in order to set the required flowability and casting speed, that a pouring nozzle with a channel of a predetermined size is provided at the bottom of the evacuated pan that the gesohmolsena material through this pouring nozzle with a 'predetermined speed is passed, which is determined at least partially by the pressure under ο chi ed swiaclien clsin pressure in the evacuated pan and the Eruö.k on the Aiielaßseita of the pouring nozzle, clafl an evacuated molding chamber is provided under the evacuated ladle and pouring nozzle d that a coolable ring mold and a slidably arranged block adjacent to the mold cavity are provided in the mold chamber. ₉ that at the beginning of casting the molten material is poured into the mold mold and onto the block 909804 / To begin with the formation of the ingot, the era tar of the molten metal is controlled with a speed that a thin layer of molten metal is on the top of the ingot up to the edge of the same, which glares at the shape of the mold cavity , _s is sufficient that v / enigstena the cooling of the ring "· form is controlled so that the GießfGSohwindigkeit and Erstarrungsgaachwindigkeit match in besug on daa weight of the cast material, and the G-ießseit _t that the thin molten metal layer is -srhitat rlchtimgaabhängig _f u, n is an Kruotenbildung and a bridge formation on the surface prevent au and maintained so that surface and that the 331OuIt to domestic below Übereinstiamung with the Geachv / moved indigkeit Eretarrens of the molten material wirdο 2ο method sum slow casting and molding of metal castings ₃ characterized “that a batch of cleaned, genchmolRenori metal is tapped into a pouring spout; ? fanne is poured into the evacuated 3 * to dan gegoseeiis geschraolaene metal auasu "wide when gb falls into the evacuated pan" that a pouring nozzle is provided with a channel vorbestiramter size at the bottom of the evacuated pan * that the gesehmol- BAD ORIüiNAL 9 0 9 804/1087 The material is guided through this pouring nozzle at a predetermined speed, which is at least partially due to the pressure difference between the pressure in the evacuated ladle . the brucine on the outlet = side of the pouring nozzle is determined that an evacuated forrakaiamer under the evacuated pan and the pouring ^! is provided nozzle that a coolable ring shape and a verBOhieblich disposed block is provided adjacent to the lormholilraum in the iOrmkanmer "that the molten material is poured into the mold cavity and on the block at the beginning of casting to start \ in the ingot form _s that the solidification is controlled of the molten metal at a rate such that a thin molten metal layer on the O "over" side of the Barrenn to the edge thereof _for the borders on the Forrawandung of Porrahohlrauras ranges ,? that at least the cooling of the Ringforra wirdj controlled so that the flow rate and the rate of solidification agree with regard to the weight of the cast material and the casting time, that the surface of the thin molten metal layer is kept open and that the block is shifted downwards as a function of the rate of solidification of the cast molten metal willο Procedure aura, slow. Giessen and JPonaen. of metal = glei.-llngeiij, thereby ge?;: er> ;: ». niiic? .niet. that ^ osclimolzenee BAD ORIGINAL 9098 (H / -tWl .. '-.' Metal is poured into an evacuated pan * to divide and degas the metal as it falls into the pan, so that a predetermined temperature of the degassed metal is maintained in this pan the air in contact zv. come with a certain rela tively slow rate is cast, that the chamber, the 'JJOr-m is ,, in which below the ladle, is evacuated to the cast metal to degas further _t that the cast in ingot form metal in a coolable Ringfona wire quickly molded and cooled so that a relatively thin layer of molten metal obtained at the surface of the billet remains _s. that the casting speed is adjusted to ₉ to be substantially equal to the Erstarrtmgsgesclmindigkeit of the molten metal that the surface ß.er molten metal layer 'is left open _P without crusting and a lock of this open layer, and in that the billet relative su the vocal form and depending on the pouring and solidification speed of the material, it is guided downwards Procedure sum slow casting and li'or-men of metal = wait * characterized in 'that molten metal is poured in a pressure-tight Gl & ßpfanKe _f> that in this ladle a certain, "Printing and a specific 909804/1087 Attrechtlich received "* 'that the degassed molten metal from this ladle is poured essentially without coming into contact with the air void at a relatively low speed * that a pressure-tight I ^? o: emkamEier is provided under the take yes the cast metal * that a predetermined bridge and a predetermined ". temperature in this obtained Lorin chamber upright _t that the üPonrien and solidification of the cast in ingot form metal in the mold chamber is such that a relatively thin ge ~ Böhiaolzsne Metallsohicht on the surface of the billet vert & ELBT that the casting "public of -Gießlings in wqs carried IAIT the same speed as the quenching of the molten ;! metal, that the on-the thin geschmolsenen Metallschioht is left open whether evt laugh ₉ if this gradually relative to the resulting ingot rises to 5ο method for slow casting and · iPonaen of metal bar = « ren, characterized in that a batch is removed nigtem, melted material in a heatable casting » funnel or a heatable pouring spout is poured that a pressure-tight heatable pouring ladle below the pouring funnel . Provision is made that molten metal is poured from the sprue into the ladle that a predetermined temperature of the molten metal in the 909804/1087 Ladle is maintained, - that, sine · Bus © with one KnsaX. Of predetermined size .below. In the pouring pavement it is provided * that the molten material through the nozzle at a predetermined speed Hindi is carried out at least partially the pressure difference between the pressure in the evacuated The pouring ladle and the pressure on the AualaS side of the nozzle determine that a pressure-tight SOrmkaiaiaer under the ladle and the nozzle is provided, the is sealed pressure-tight and that in this Pormkammer a mold is arranged for the poured "molten material" j. whereby this form is cooled, ao that the molten metal solidifies at essentially the same rate "at which it is cast" Method according to claim 5 * characterized? the to control the casting speed by electromagnetically induced fields a downward resistance flowing molten material is opposed during casting? that the resistance caused by the field effect is greater near the wall of the pouring channel than near the axis of the same i3to 7ο method according to claim 5 »characterized in that a ring shape is provided, the bottom of which is a block that can be moved downwards and that the bar is gos · = BATH ORIGINAL 9098Ö4 / 1087 sen becomes relative during sie, this block downwards to the Hingf.onn in the axial direction with a vorbe = stiismten speed shifts so that the & ing ° form and the ingot do not adhere to each other ο 8ο method according to claim. 5? characterized in that the upper surface of the bar is heated in the SOrm at a certain radial distance ύοτά the mold, so that the surface of the molten metal layer on the bar remains open and free from incrustation, -if the layer below solidifies so that gradually the bar will be built up " 9ο method according to claim 8 _? characterized ₈ that the heating effect is directed essentially to the point of the molten metal layer ₉ at which the turning and bridging takes place most likely and that the sealing of the heat is changed according to the observation of the freedom of this surface of the molten metal layer o 10ο method according to claim 8, characterized in that a layer of a non-oxidizing "at least neutral" slag on the surface of the molten one Metals in the I-molding chamber is maintained » 909804/10 β 7 U58167 H ^ Method according to claim 5 _S, characterized in that the pouring ladle is covered with a pressure-tight lid, that the pressure in the pouring ladle is set to a predetermined pressure above atmospheric pressure and that the molten material from this pouring ladle at a predetermined speed is poured, which is controlled in part at least by this pressure ο 12. The method according to claim 7 _f, characterized in that ■ as a ring shape an outer ring with a generally vertical inner wall which forms the exterior of the ring-shaped Sarren and an inner ring with a generally vertical outer surface which forms the inner surface of the ingot forms, is used * and that the inputs are cooled according to the formation of the ring-shaped bar ο 13. A method for the slow casting and molding of metals _s characterized in that a container with molten material is provided, that a mold is placed under and adjacent to this container, that molten metal from the container into the mold with a predetermined relatively low pouring speed based on the weight of the molten metal per unit of time is poured and that the molten metal in the Fora BATH 909804/1087 is cooled quickly to eissa gradually; growing ingots with ira essential, complex ge = - echv? inaigkeit _v "bsaögßu. on άαιι Öevveh of the solidified Metella per unit of time, form _g τ / hrenä a relatively flat metal layer on the O" bex »aeite of the Barrens we get ₉ so that the bar is produced with a relatively small segregation, 14o ancestors according to claim 13 * d £ t & ux «öh characterized that the geachmolized metal is slowly rotated around the Uniformity of the total metal looks on the shaping ■ G-ing or ingots to guarantee » 15o Yörfahron SITSI laKfisaman casting and metal lornen = · giePlingeiip characterized gekenii8eiohnet ₉ that a container SUU s { »eschmolaen-em metal is provided" that an annular "fo"<sa behind and angronjzend -an this container is placed sr _v that Melted sheet metal from the ¹ container in several streams or streams in dia porm mil, a torboat imposed relatively low casting speed, "is absorbed by the weight of the cast metal per unit of time and that the cast metal is essentially in the form of a bit of the same speed * be * = absorbed on the weight of the solidified metal per time "= unit cooled or-.verfestigt is, thus casting nerds with relatively low Seigertmgöeigenechaf th eraeugt v / ground ο 909804/108 16o Yerfahrs & i zum isngsaEen Gießen und Po?; - m «n von Hetall» gießlingen * thereby £; o3s: omig; eielmet.j ßass one batch of purified molten material. Metal in θχϊιθ semolina spout v / ird because / 3 an evacuated container for the GeschEiolsene metal is arranged under this pouring spout that the g-eßöhmolaene metal is poured from this pouring spout into the evacuated container, that an evacuated combex with a külilbaren form vorgcfsehsn v / ird _s that the molten metal sus the evacuated container to the evacuated combs: - 'and therein beiii-iäliclie Fora is poured and in that the gesökaolaene lietall _s abgeJifihlt quickly in this Fons WAO is carried out with Einei * Goöchwindigkeit that ici v ; ssentliohea the casting speed corresponds to 17o Torriehtv.ra.3 sma slow pouring and becoming of metal "pouring" gekeimsoio.teet diir-ah a pouring ladle, by means of a pressure-tight lid for this pouring ladle, by means of devices _s around this pouring ladle 'au evi? I'uieren _s dtix'öli means _s s to the gerseliraolseiie metal in the ladle to a desired Temperature Άν. heat = ,. you; »ßh Einriolitung8i}. _f to evacuate the G-ie pan . _Iat} vorliestimmter through a nozzle having eiiäera Criel3kanal size that • in the bottom of this ladle arranged by a GIooksndeekel and a part which druokdicht the G-ießraura to the atmosphere terminating _s inputs duroh BATH 909804/1087 U58167 directions * to evacuate the bell * whereby the ladle is arranged pressure-tight on the top of the bell and the frame opposite the casting room »and v / obei the bell and the frame have an opening immediately below the pouring nozzle, by means of means to the molten To pass metal through the casting nozzle at a predetermined relatively low speed, through an annular fora immediately below this opening to receive the molten cast metal, by means of "to pass a coolant through the annular mold in the desired amount" so that the 'molten metal is detected at essentially the same rate as it is cast, the ring shape having an inner tube which widens slightly outwards and downwards, through a block on which the molten metal is initially poured, which is produced from the Casting nozzle emerges when the casting is being formed, the block essentially at the beginning of the forming of the casting Chen closes the bottom of the ring mold by means of heating the thin molten metal layer on top of the casting, these heating means being most effective about one third of the radial distance from the outside of the molten metal layer towards its center, and by means of moving the ingot downward at the rate at which the ingot solidifies that is formed in the mold 8 04/1087 18o device according to claim. 17 _f characterized by a second inner Hingfom ,. rm the lid of the bell is suspended, and which is arranged at a radial distance from the first Ringi'onn, by means _f the inner Eingfoim at a predetermined speed to cool-ießöffniragen by G in the upper ffei.1 of Glockendeckelß and Racks, whereby the ladle has several G-ieBdücn, which are arranged angularly spaced and in alignment with the openings of the bell and through a stopper for one pouring nozzle each, so that a hollow Gi ο filing can be poured in this device " _F according to Claim 17 "characterized 19 ° means that the inner" Pormwraidang a lcontinuierlicJ 'gelrrummten or a polygonal.' Plan LBO ± tst _f dai3 the liinriöh "= - obligations to the geechmolsene material ait a relatively small Geschwind igJceit au pour en ₉ electrical coils on iron _f . Which essentially surround the pouring nozzle in order to exert an adjustable resistance against the flow determined by gravity and thereby to control the devices through the amount of flow of bulky, clear material through the pouring channel Aum heating the molten Mg tails in the pouring spout is liquid-cooled electric · "?: KcffJr.ti <jnar, pule on \? ai = sen _f and that the Einrichtimgon gurt Jlrhifesnii the flow-like BATH ORIGINAL 909804/108 7 U58167 Layer on the GlcOli.ng bo rxelvLungsraäßig cinge? Jtellt v / can ground that they exert a maximum T / irkuag on certain areas of the surface of this layer. 2Oo device for the slow casting and molding of metal castings, characterized by a pouring ladle, a pressure-tight lid for this pouring ladle, a nozzle with a pouring channel pre-determined larger, which is arranged in the bottom of the pouring ladle _f by a bell cover and a frame that pressure-tight the casting space from the atmosphere, wherein the pouring ladle is suitable to be arranged pressure-tight on the bell cover and the frame opposite the casting space, and wherein the bell cover and the frame have an opening directly below the casting nozzle on v / iron, by means of devices to pass molten material through the Gioßkanal at a predetermined relatively low speed, through a horn immediately below this opening, which receives the poured molten metal, by means to pass a coolant through this mold in desired quantities, so that the cooling speed, the the solidification of the poured melted of the metal, essentially corresponding to the casting speed, and by means of means to heat the thin layer of molten Uetp.ll on the upper side of the casting, so that crust formation and ice bridging 909804/1087 "Prevents formation over the surface of this Söhiehij ' .ο Device according to claim 20 ₉ gckennseiebnet by bin directions in order to introduce gin non-oxidizing gas with predetermined pressure at least into the pouring pan and by devices _? ui & an oxidation of the molten Mets'13.a in the ßlooke ku 22o Torriclitung gum slow pouring and. Forming of metal «gieSlingeh» gelcemiseiclinet by a ring form.with an annular base cavity ,, v / o "with this Mingform double wall length and a I.iittelkex ^an n, - through which a coolant can be passed, duroli facilities to at least of air to remove the upper part of the interior of this core "by means" to introduce gin cooling medium into the interior of this mold regardless of whether it is rotated or not, by means of means "uia the coolant from this foria independently, via which it is rotated or not," through a ladle with a multiplicity of nozzles in the bottom of the same, which are arranged at an even angular distance from each other, and whose radial distance from the center of the ladle can be different or the samep by a multitude of plugs which close these pouring channels and operated with a single device, and by devices, um ORIGINAL BATH 909804/1087 This plug is a "specific let au love and thereby wa din Cloßgcschwinrliglieit by this .Düsen control su, go that molten material * which is in the ladle _f is a vo: <* be true s speed in the Biiißform poured v / Ground can and solidified in the v / esöntlicbon at the same rate 25ο apparatus of claim 22, gelcemiseidhnet by means ^ VM the ring mold slowly zn turn, by a pressure-tight lid for the semolina pan and d = urch means to a non-oxidizing gas in da.s inside of this ladle einsu imtcr a particular bridge ~ guided ₆ This means that at least the control of the pouring speed is undermined in the pouring ladle BATH θηQftn /. /