EP0420802B1 - Aqueous, storage stable, low foaming wetting agent - Google Patents

Aqueous, storage stable, low foaming wetting agent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0420802B1
EP0420802B1 EP90810704A EP90810704A EP0420802B1 EP 0420802 B1 EP0420802 B1 EP 0420802B1 EP 90810704 A EP90810704 A EP 90810704A EP 90810704 A EP90810704 A EP 90810704A EP 0420802 B1 EP0420802 B1 EP 0420802B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wetting agent
hydrogen
formula
integer
carbon atoms
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EP90810704A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0420802A3 (en
EP0420802A2 (en
Inventor
Christian Guth
Albert Stehlin
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BASF Schweiz AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/14—De-sizing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
    • D06L4/22—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents
    • D06L4/23—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents using hypohalogenites
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
    • D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/627—Sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new aqueous, storage-stable, low-foaming wetting agent in use, and to its production and use in textile treatment.
  • EP-A-0 274 350 describes, for example, a textile auxiliary which is stable on storage and which contains a partial phosphoric acid ester, a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant and an alkali metal hydroxide. Furthermore, it is from the DE-A 33 15 951 discloses using low-foaming wetting agents in the treatment of textiles in order to improve the treatment in alkaline liquors. However, the wetting agents proposed here have a low cloud point, which has an adverse effect on their storage stability. At temperatures above the cloud point, phase separation occurs, which means that the use of these wetting agents is no longer possible.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wetting agent whose cloud point enables storage stability up to 40 ° C. and at the same time shows low-foaming behavior in use.
  • the substituent R in formula (1) advantageously represents the hydrocarbon radical of an unsaturated or saturated aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbon radical can be straight-chain or branched.
  • R is preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 9 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • natural alcohols such as e.g. Lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, as well as synthetic alcohols, e.g. 2-ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, C9-C11 oxo alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecanol or linear primary alcohols (alfoles) with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in Come into consideration. Some representatives of these alfoles are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) or Alfol (16-18). (“Alfol" is a registered trademark).
  • Unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohols are, for example, dodecenyl alcohol, hexanedecenyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
  • the alcohol residues can be present individually or in the form of mixtures of two or more components, e.g. Mixtures of alkyl and / or alkenyl groups derived from soy fatty acids, palm kernel fatty acids or tallow oils.
  • Alkylene-O p chains are preferably of the ethylene glycol, ethylene propylene glycol or ethylene isopropylene glycol type; p is preferably 4 to 20.
  • non-ionic surfactants correspond to the formula in which one of Y1 and Y2 is methyl or ethyl and the other is hydrogen, n1 is an integer from 2 to 24 and m1 represents an integer from 0 to 15, the sum of m1 and n1 is a maximum of 24 and R and R1 have the meaning given in formula (1).
  • Nonionic surfactants of the formula are of particular interest wherein R2 C9 to C14 alkyl, R3 is hydrogen, butyl, a cycloaliphatic radical with at least 6 carbon atoms or benzyl, of Y3 and Y4 one residue is hydrogen or methyl and the other hydrogen, m2 is an integer from 0 to 8 and n2 is an integer from 4 to 8.
  • R2 has the meaning given in formula (3)
  • R4 is hydrogen, C1 to C4-alkyl or phenyl-lower alkyl, of Y5 and Y6 one is hydrogen and the other is ethyl
  • n3 is an integer from 4 to 8
  • m3 is an integer from 1 to 3.
  • the nonionic surfactants of the formulas (1) to (4) are prepared in a manner known per se, for example by reacting the corresponding alkylene oxide adducts with thionyl chloride and then reacting the chlorine compound formed with a short-chain, cycloaliphatic, fatty, phenyl-lower alkyl or styryl alcohol.
  • hydrotroping agent (component (b)) of the formula (5) according to the invention is present as a salt, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, for example, are suitable.
  • the sodium salt is preferred.
  • Hydrotroping agents of component (b) are alkyl sulfates in which the substituent R8 in formula (5) is the hydrocarbon radical of an aliphatic saturated monoalcohol with 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbon residue can be straight-chain or branched.
  • Suitable aliphatic saturated monoalcohols are natural alcohols, such as, for example, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol, 2-methylpentanol, 5-methylheptan-3-ol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-1-3 -3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol.
  • the alkyl sulfates can already be in the form of their salts and can be used alone or as a (technical) mixture with one another in the wetting agent according to the invention.
  • alkyl sulfonates of formula ( 5 ) and their alkali metal or amine salts can also be used together with other compounds as hydrotroping agents, for example with polymerized acrylic acid, C1 to C10 alkylphosphonic acid or C1 to C10 alkylphosphonic acid esters.
  • alkyl sulfates are prepared in a manner known per se by reacting the corresponding alcohols with e.g. Sulfuric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid or sulfur trioxide.
  • the wetting agent according to the invention can additionally contain an optional component (c).
  • Non-polar organic solvents with a flash point above 65 ° C are suitable.
  • cyclic straight-chain or in particular branched alcohols are used, such as e.g. Cyclohexanol, methylcyclohexanol, tetralin, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol-1, isooctyl alcohol, isononyl alcohol and especially trimethylhexanol-3,5,5.
  • esters such as tributyl citrate or tributyl phosphate can be used as non-polar organic solvents.
  • the new wetting agents can be prepared by simply stirring the components (a), (b) and, if appropriate, (c).
  • the preparation is preferably carried out by mixing components (a), (b) and optionally (c) with stirring and adding deionized water until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
  • Preferred wetting agents according to the invention particularly advantageously contain, based on the mixture as a whole, 15 to 60% by weight of component (a), 2 to 10% by weight of component (b), 0 to 4% by weight of component (c) and ad 100% water.
  • the new wetting agents are aqueous, low-foaming formulations which are characterized by a cloud point that is above 40 ° C and which are stable in storage up to 40 ° C.
  • wetting agents are used in textile treatment, especially in pretreatment, such as in long liquor bleaching or in chlorine and peroxide hot bleaching.
  • the amounts in which the wetting agent according to the invention is added to the treatment liquors are between 0.1 and 10, preferably 0.5 and 5 g per liter of treatment liquor.
  • the fleet can also contain other additives, e.g. Desizing agents, dyes, optical brighteners, synthetic resins and alkalis such as sodium hydroxide.
  • Fiber materials Cellulose, especially untreated natural cellulose such as hemp, linen, jute, cellulose, viscose, acetate treyon, native cellulose fiber and especially raw cotton, wool, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile or polyester fiber materials as well as fiber blends, e.g. those made of polyacrylonitrile / cotton or polyester / cotton.
  • the fiber material to be treated can be in various processing stages, e.g. the cellulose-containing material as loose material, yarn, woven or knitted fabric. As a rule, these are always textile fiber materials which are produced from pure textile cellulose fibers or from mixtures of textile cellulose fibers with textile synthetic fibers.
  • the fiber material can be treated continuously or batchwise in an aqueous liquor.
  • the aqueous treatment liquors can be applied to the fiber materials in a known manner, advantageously by impregnation on the padder, the liquor absorption being about 50 to 120% by weight.
  • the fouling process is used in particular in the pad-steam process, the pad-thermofix process and the pad-batch process.
  • the impregnation can be carried out at 10 to 60 ° C, but preferably at room temperature.
  • the cellulose material is optionally after intermediate drying, heat treatment, e.g. Subject at temperatures from 95 to 210 ° C.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out after intermediate drying of the goods at 80 to 120 ° C, by heat setting at a temperature of 120 to 210 ° C, preferably 140 to 180 ° C.
  • the heat treatment is direct, i.e. without intermediate drying, by steaming at 95 to 120 ° C, preferably 100 to 106 ° C.
  • the heat treatment can take 30 seconds to 30 minutes.
  • the impregnated goods are rolled up without drying and then optionally packed with a plastic film and stored at room temperature for 1 to 24 hours.
  • the treatment of the fiber materials can also in so-called long liquors with a liquor ratio of e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 8 to 1:25 and at 10 to 100, preferably 80 to 98 ° C for about 1/4 to 3 hours under normal conditions, i.e. under atmospheric pressure in conventional equipment, e.g. a jigger, jet or reel runner.
  • a liquor ratio of e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 8 to 1:25 and at 10 to 100, preferably 80 to 98 ° C for about 1/4 to 3 hours under normal conditions, i.e. under atmospheric pressure in conventional equipment, e.g. a jigger, jet or reel runner.
  • the treatment up to 150 ° C, preferably 105 to 140 ° C under pressure in so-called high-temperature equipment (HT equipment) can be carried out.
  • HT equipment high-temperature equipment
  • the fiber materials are washed with hot water at around 90 to 98 ° C and then with warm and finally with cold water rinsed thoroughly, neutralized if necessary and then dried preferably at elevated temperatures.
  • the essential advantages of the wetting agents according to the invention are their good storage stability and low-foaming behavior in use.
  • Example 1 Formulations A, B, C and D are prepared by mixing the components listed in Table I in accordance with their proportions by weight, with stirring, until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
  • Table I A B Nonionic surfactant of formula (1), for example 15 moles of Ethylene / propylene oxide adduct to 1 mole of a C9 - C11 fat alcohol 25th 25th 2-ethylhexanol sulfate sodium salt 9 9 (40% solution) 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol 3rd Isopropanol water 66 63 Cloud point [° C] * 40.5 41.5 Foam height [ml] of 2 g / l of Wording ** 70 50 * Cloud point of the formulation tel quel; ** Foam test based on DIN 53902
  • Example 2 A raw cotton jersey is bleached in a ®AHIBA dyeing machine in a bath, which is per liter 2g of formulation B 0.2 g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters acc.
  • the bleach bath is heated to 90 ° C. within 20 minutes and then held at this temperature for a further 30 minutes.
  • the substrate is then washed out hot and cold and neutralized. No disruptive foaming occurs during bleaching.
  • the result is a uniform degree of whiteness, which is increased from -72 to 50 CIBA-GEIGY whiteness units.
  • Example 3 A raw cotton jersey with a running weight of 80 g is passed through a chlorine bleach bath in a Galaxy system (Benninger, Switzerland) at a speed of 54 m / min 4g active chlorine 1.5 g NaOH (100%) and 2g of formulation B contains.
  • the residence time is 15 minutes at 16 ° C.
  • the goods are evenly wetted and the chlorine bleach bath is foam-free.
  • the goods are squeezed and passed through an H2O2 bleaching bath, which is per liter 2g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters acc.
  • H2O2 bleaching bath which is per liter 2g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters acc.
  • the residence time is 35 minutes at 85 ° C. No disturbing foam formation occurs in the peroxide bleaching bath either.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein neues wässriges, lagerstabiles, in der Anwendung gering schäumendes Netzmittel sowie seine Herstellung und Verwendung in der Textilbehandlung.The present invention relates to a new aqueous, storage-stable, low-foaming wetting agent in use, and to its production and use in textile treatment.

Die EP-A-0 274 350 beschreibt z.B ein lagerstabiles Textilhilfsmittel, das einen Phosphorsäureteilester, ein nichtionogenes Tensid, ein anionisches Tensid und ein Alkalimetallhydroxid enthält. Ferner ist es aus der DE-A 33 15 951 bekannt, bei der Behandlung von Textilien schaumarme Netzmittel einzusetzen, um die Behandlung in alkalischen Flotten zu verbessern. Die dabei vorgeschlagenen Netzmittel weisen allerdings einen niedrigen Trübungspunkt auf, der sich ungünstig auf deren Lagerstabilität auswirkt. Bei Temperaturen oberhalb des Trübungspunktes kommt es zur Phasentrennung, wodurch die Verwendung dieser Netzmittel nicht mehr möglich ist.EP-A-0 274 350 describes, for example, a textile auxiliary which is stable on storage and which contains a partial phosphoric acid ester, a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant and an alkali metal hydroxide. Furthermore, it is from the DE-A 33 15 951 discloses using low-foaming wetting agents in the treatment of textiles in order to improve the treatment in alkaline liquors. However, the wetting agents proposed here have a low cloud point, which has an adverse effect on their storage stability. At temperatures above the cloud point, phase separation occurs, which means that the use of these wetting agents is no longer possible.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Netzmittel bereitzustellen, dessen Trübungspunkt eine Lagerstabilität bis 40°C ermöglicht und gleichzeitig ein schaumarmes Verhalten in der Anwendung zeigt.The object of the present invention is to provide a wetting agent whose cloud point enables storage stability up to 40 ° C. and at the same time shows low-foaming behavior in use.

Das erfindungsgemässe wässrige, lagerstabile, in der Anwendung gering schäumende Netzmittel, das frei von phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen ist, enthaltend ein nichtionogenes Tensid aus der Gruppe der teilweise endgruppenverschlossenen alkoxylierten Fettalkohole ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es

  • (a) 15 bis 60 Gew.% eines nichtionogenen Tensids der allgemeinen Formel
    Figure imgb0001
     worin
    R einen aliphatischen Rest mit mindestens 8 Kohlenstoffatomen,
    R₁ Wasserstoff, C₁ bis C₈-Alkyl, einen cycloaliphatischen Rest mit mindestens 5 C-Atomen, Phenylniederalkyl oder Styryl,
    "Alkylen" einen Alkylenrest von 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und
    p eine Zahl von 2 bis 24 bedeuten und
  • (b) 1 bis 10 Gew.% eines Alkylsulfates der Formel



            (5)   R₈O-SO₃X



    worin
    R₈
    einen aliphatischen gesättigten, verzweigten oder geradkettigen Rest mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und
    X
    Wasserstoff, Alkalimetall oder Ammonium bedeutet,
    als Hydrotropiermittel
    enthält.
The aqueous, storage-stable, low-foaming wetting agent according to the invention, which is free of phosphorus-containing compounds and contains a nonionic surfactant from the group of partially end-capped alkoxylated fatty alcohols, is characterized in that it
  • (a) 15 to 60% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the general formula
    Figure imgb0001
     wherein
    R is an aliphatic radical with at least 8 carbon atoms,
    R₁ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₈-alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical having at least 5 C atoms, phenyl-lower alkyl or styryl,
    "Alkylene" means an alkylene radical of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and
    p is a number from 2 to 24 and
  • (b) 1 to 10% by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula



    (5) R₈O-SO₃X



    wherein
    R₈
    an aliphatic saturated, branched or straight chain radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and
    X
    Means hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium,
    as a hydrotrope
    contains.

Der Substituent R in Formel (1) stellt vorteilhafterweise den Kohlenwasserstoffrest eines ungesättigten oder gesättigten aliphatischen Monoalkohols mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen dar. Der Kohlenwasserstoffrest kann geradkettig oder verzweigt sein. Vorzugsweise bedeutet R einen Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 9 bis 14 C-Atomen.The substituent R in formula (1) advantageously represents the hydrocarbon radical of an unsaturated or saturated aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon radical can be straight-chain or branched. R is preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 9 to 14 carbon atoms.

Als aliphatische gesättigte Monoalkohole können natürliche Alkohole, wie z.B. Laurylalkohol, Myristylalkohol, Cetylalkohol oder Stearylalkohol, sowie synthetische Alkohole, wie z.B. 2-Ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutanol, Octan-2-ol, Isononylalkohol, Trimethylhexanol, Trimethylnonylalkohol, Decanol, C₉-C₁₁-Oxoalkohol, Tridecylalkohol, Isotridecanol oder lineare primäre Alkohole (Alfole) mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen in Betracht kommen. Einige Vertreter dieser Alfole sind Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) oder Alfol (16-18). ("Alfol" ist ein eingetragenes Warenzeichen).As aliphatic saturated monoalcohols, natural alcohols such as e.g. Lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, as well as synthetic alcohols, e.g. 2-ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, C₉-C₁₁ oxo alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecanol or linear primary alcohols (alfoles) with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in Come into consideration. Some representatives of these alfoles are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) or Alfol (16-18). ("Alfol" is a registered trademark).

Ungesättigte aliphatische Monoalkohole sind beispielsweise Dodecenylalkohol, Hexandecenylalkohol oder Oleylalkohol.Unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohols are, for example, dodecenyl alcohol, hexanedecenyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.

Die Alkoholreste können einzeln oder in Form von Gemischen aus zwei oder mehreren Komponenten vorhanden sein, wie z.B. Mischungen von Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylgruppen, die sich von Soja-Fettsäuren, Palmkernfettsäuren oder Talg-Oelen ableiten.The alcohol residues can be present individually or in the form of mixtures of two or more components, e.g. Mixtures of alkyl and / or alkenyl groups derived from soy fatty acids, palm kernel fatty acids or tallow oils.

(Alkylen-O)p-Ketten sind bevorzugt vom Ethylenglykol-, Ethylenpropylenglykol- oder Ethylenisopropylenglykol-Typus; p ist bevorzugt 4 bis 20.(Alkylene-O) p chains are preferably of the ethylene glycol, ethylene propylene glycol or ethylene isopropylene glycol type; p is preferably 4 to 20.

Als nichtionogene Tenside seien beispielsweise genannt:

  • Anlagerungsprodukte von vorzugsweise 4 bis 20 Mol Alkylenoxiden, insbesondere Ethylenoxid, wobei einzelne Ethylenoxideinheiten durch substituierte Epoxide, wie Isopropylenoxid und/oder Propylenoxid, ersetzt sein können, an höhere ungesättigte oder gesättigte Fettalkohle mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen.
Examples of nonionic surfactants are:
  • Addition products of preferably 4 to 20 mol of alkylene oxides, in particular ethylene oxide, it being possible for individual ethylene oxide units to be replaced by substituted epoxides, such as isopropylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, with higher unsaturated or saturated fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

Praktisch wichtige, nichtionogene Tenside entsprechen der Formel

Figure imgb0002

worin von Y₁ und Y₂ der eine Rest Methyl oder Ethyl und der andere Wasserstoff,
n₁ eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 24 und
m₁ eine ganze Zahl von 0 bis 15 bedeutet,
wobei die Summe von m₁ und n₁ maximal 24 ist und
R und R₁ die in Formel (1) angegebene Bedeutung haben.Practically important, non-ionic surfactants correspond to the formula
Figure imgb0002
in which one of Y₁ and Y₂ is methyl or ethyl and the other is hydrogen,
n₁ is an integer from 2 to 24 and
m₁ represents an integer from 0 to 15,
the sum of m₁ and n₁ is a maximum of 24 and
R and R₁ have the meaning given in formula (1).

Von ganz besonderem Interesse sind nichtionogene Tenside der Formel

Figure imgb0003

worin
R₂ C₉ bis C₁₄-Alkyl,
R₃ Wasserstoff, Butyl, einen cycloaliphatischen Rest mit mindestens 6 C-Atomen oder Benzyl,
von Y₃ und Y₄ der eine Rest Wasserstoff oder Methyl und der andere Wasserstoff,
m₂ eine ganze Zahl von 0 bis 8 und
n₂ eine ganze Zahl von 4 bis 8 bedeuten.Nonionic surfactants of the formula are of particular interest
Figure imgb0003
wherein
R₂ C₉ to C₁₄ alkyl,
R₃ is hydrogen, butyl, a cycloaliphatic radical with at least 6 carbon atoms or benzyl,
of Y₃ and Y₄ one residue is hydrogen or methyl and the other hydrogen,
m₂ is an integer from 0 to 8 and
n₂ is an integer from 4 to 8.

Weitere wichtige nichtionogene Tenside entsprechen der Formel

Figure imgb0004

worin R₂ die in Formel (3) angegebene Bedeutung hat,
R₄ Wasserstoff, C₁ bis C₄-Alkyl oder Phenylniederalkyl,
von Y₅ und Y₆ der eine Rest Wasserstoff und der andere Ethyl,
n₃ eine ganze Zahl von 4 bis 8 und
m₃ eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 3 bedeuten.Other important nonionic surfactants correspond to the formula
Figure imgb0004
wherein R₂ has the meaning given in formula (3),
R₄ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₄-alkyl or phenyl-lower alkyl,
of Y₅ and Y₆ one is hydrogen and the other is ethyl,
n₃ is an integer from 4 to 8 and
m₃ is an integer from 1 to 3.

Die Herstellung der nichtionogenen Tenside der Formeln (1) bis (4) geschieht in an sich bekannter Weise, so z.B. durch Umsetzung der entsprechenden Alkylenoxidanlagerungsprodukte mit Thionylchlorid und nachfolgender Umsetzung der entstandenen Chlorverbindung mit einem kurzkettigen, cycloaliphatischen, Fett-, Phenylniederalkyl- oder Styrylalkohol.The nonionic surfactants of the formulas (1) to (4) are prepared in a manner known per se, for example by reacting the corresponding alkylene oxide adducts with thionyl chloride and then reacting the chlorine compound formed with a short-chain, cycloaliphatic, fatty, phenyl-lower alkyl or styryl alcohol.

Liegt das erfindungsgemässe Hydrotropiermittel (Komponente (b)) der Formel (5) als Salz vor, so kommen beispielsweise Natrium-, Kalium- oder Ammoniumsalze in Betracht. Das Natriumsalz ist bevorzugt.If the hydrotroping agent (component (b)) of the formula (5) according to the invention is present as a salt, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, for example, are suitable. The sodium salt is preferred.

Hydrotropiermittel der Komponente (b) sind Alkylsulfate, bei denen der Substituent R₈ in Formel (5) den Kohlenwasserstoffrest eines aliphatischen gesättigten Monoalkohols mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatome bedeutet. Der Kohlenwasserstoffrest kann geradkettig oder verzweigt sein.Hydrotroping agents of component (b) are alkyl sulfates in which the substituent R₈ in formula (5) is the hydrocarbon radical of an aliphatic saturated monoalcohol with 4 to 8 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon residue can be straight-chain or branched.

Als aliphatische gesättigte Monoalkohole kommen dabei natürliche Alkohole in Betracht, wie z.B. Isobutylalkohol, sek.Butanol, tert.Butanol, Isoamylalkohol, 2-Ethylbutanol, 2-Methylpentanol, 5-Methylheptan-3-ol, 2-Ethylhexanol, 1-1-3-3-Tetramethylbutanol, Octan-2-ol, Die Alkylsulfate können dabei bereits in Form ihrer Salze vorliegen und allein oder als (technisches) Gemisch untereinander in dem erfindungsgemässen Netzmittel eingesetzt werden.Suitable aliphatic saturated monoalcohols are natural alcohols, such as, for example, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol, 2-methylpentanol, 5-methylheptan-3-ol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-1-3 -3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol. The alkyl sulfates can already be in the form of their salts and can be used alone or as a (technical) mixture with one another in the wetting agent according to the invention.

Die Alkylsulfonate der Formel (5) sowie ihre Alkalimetall- oder Aminsalze können auch zusammen mit anderen Verbindungen als Hydrotropiermittel eingesezt werden, z.B. mit polymerisierter Acrylsäure, C₁ bis C₁₀ - Alkylphosphonsäure oder C₁ bis C₁₀ - Alkylphosphonsäureestern.The alkyl sulfonates of formula ( 5 ) and their alkali metal or amine salts can also be used together with other compounds as hydrotroping agents, for example with polymerized acrylic acid, C₁ to C₁₀ alkylphosphonic acid or C₁ to C₁₀ alkylphosphonic acid esters.

Die Herstellung dieser Alkylsulfate erfolgt nach an sich bekannter Weise durch Umsetzung der entsprechenden Alkohole mit z.B. Schwefelsäure, Oleum, Chlorsulfonsäure oder Schwefeltrioxid.These alkyl sulfates are prepared in a manner known per se by reacting the corresponding alcohols with e.g. Sulfuric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid or sulfur trioxide.

Das erfindungsgemässe Netzmittel kann zusätzlich eine fakultative Komponente (c) enthalten.The wetting agent according to the invention can additionally contain an optional component (c).

Es kommen dafür unpolare organische Lösungsmittel in Betracht, deren Flammpunkt oberhalb von 65°C liegt. Es können z.B. zyklische geradkettige oder insbesondere verzweigte Alkohole eingesetzt werden, wie z.B. Cyclohexanol, Methylcyclohexanol, Tetralin, n-Hexanol, 2-Ethylhexanol-1, Isooctylalkohol, Isononylalkohol und besonders Trimethylhexanol-3,5,5. Ferner können als unpolare organische Lösungsmittel Ester eingesetzt werden, wie zum Beispiel Tributylcitrat oder Tributylphosphat.Non-polar organic solvents with a flash point above 65 ° C are suitable. For example, cyclic straight-chain or in particular branched alcohols are used, such as e.g. Cyclohexanol, methylcyclohexanol, tetralin, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol-1, isooctyl alcohol, isononyl alcohol and especially trimethylhexanol-3,5,5. Furthermore, esters such as tributyl citrate or tributyl phosphate can be used as non-polar organic solvents.

Die neuen Netzmittel können durch einfaches Verrühren der genannten Komponenten (a), (b) und gegebenenfalls (c) hergestellt werden.The new wetting agents can be prepared by simply stirring the components (a), (b) and, if appropriate, (c).

Die Herstellung erfolgt vorzugsweise dadurch, dass man die Komponenten (a), (b) und gegebenenfalls (c) unter Rühren mischt und deionisiertes Wasser hinzugibt, bis eine homogene Lösung vorliegt.The preparation is preferably carried out by mixing components (a), (b) and optionally (c) with stirring and adding deionized water until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

Bevorzugte erfindungsgemässe Netzmittel enthalten insbesondere mit Vorteil, bezogen auf das gesamte Gemisch,
15 bis 60 Gew.% der Komponente (a),
2 bis 10 Gew.% der Komponente (b),
0 bis 4 Gew.% der Komponente (c) und
ad 100% Wasser.Preferred wetting agents according to the invention particularly advantageously contain, based on the mixture as a whole,
15 to 60% by weight of component (a),
2 to 10% by weight of component (b),
0 to 4% by weight of component (c) and
ad 100% water.

Die neuen Netzmittel stellen wässrige, in der Anwendung gering schäumende Formulierungen dar, die sich durch einen Trübungspunkt auszeichnen, der über 40°C liegt und die bis 40°C lagerstabil sind.The new wetting agents are aqueous, low-foaming formulations which are characterized by a cloud point that is above 40 ° C and which are stable in storage up to 40 ° C.

Sie finden Verwendung als Netzmittel in der Textilbehandlung, insbesondere in der Vorbehandlung, wie beispielsweise in der Langflottenbleiche oder in der Chlor- und Peroxid-Heissbleiche.They are used as wetting agents in textile treatment, especially in pretreatment, such as in long liquor bleaching or in chlorine and peroxide hot bleaching.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist demnach auch ein Verfahren zum Netzen von Fasermaterialien. Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man diese Materialien in wässrigem Medium in Gegenwart eines Netzmittels behandelt, das frei von phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen ist und

  • (a) 15 bis 60 Gew.% eines nichtionogenen Tensids der allgemeinen Formel
    Figure imgb0005
     worin
    R einen aliphatischen Rest mit mindestens 8 Kohlenstoffatomen,
    R₁ Wasserstoff, C₁ bis C₈-Alkyl, einen cycloaliphatischen Rest mit mindestens 5 C-Atomen, Phenylniederalkyl oder Styryl,
    "Alkylen" einen Alkylenrest von 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und
    p eine Zahl von 2 bis 24 bedeuten und
  • (b) 1 bis 10 Gew. % eines Alkylsulfates der Formel



            (5)   R₈O-SO₃X



    worin
    R₈
    einen aliphatischen gesättigten, verzweigten oder geradkettigen Rest mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und
    X
    Wasserstoff, Alkalimetall oder Ammonium bedeutet,
    als Hydrotropiermittel
    enthält.
The present invention accordingly also relates to a method for wetting fiber materials. The process is characterized in that these materials are treated in an aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent which is free of phosphorus-containing compounds and
  • (a) 15 to 60% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the general formula
    Figure imgb0005
     wherein
    R is an aliphatic radical with at least 8 carbon atoms,
    R₁ is hydrogen, C₁ to C₈-alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical having at least 5 C atoms, phenyl-lower alkyl or styryl,
    "Alkylene" means an alkylene radical of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and
    p is a number from 2 to 24 and
  • (b) 1 to 10% by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula



    (5) R₈O-SO₃X



    wherein
    R₈
    an aliphatic saturated, branched or straight chain radical having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and
    X
    Means hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium,
    as a hydrotrope
    contains.

Die Einsatzmengen, in denen das erfindungsgemässe Netzmittel den Behandlungsflotten zugesetzt wird, betragen zwischen 0,1 und 10, vorzugsweise 0,5 und 5 g pro Liter Behandlungsflotte. Die Flotte kann noch weitere Zusätze enthalten, z.B. Entschlichtungsmittel, Farbstoffe, optische Aufheller, Kunstharze und Alkalien wie Natriumhydroxid.The amounts in which the wetting agent according to the invention is added to the treatment liquors are between 0.1 and 10, preferably 0.5 and 5 g per liter of treatment liquor. The fleet can also contain other additives, e.g. Desizing agents, dyes, optical brighteners, synthetic resins and alkalis such as sodium hydroxide.

Als Fasermaterialien kommen in Betracht:
Cellulose, insbesondere unvorbehandelte natürliche Cellulose wie z.B. Hanf, Leinen, Jute, Zellwolle, Viskose, Azetatreyon, native Cellulosefaser und besonders Rohbaumwolle, Wolle, Polyamid-, Polyacrylnitril- oder Polyesterfasermaterialien sowie Fasermischungen, z.B. solche aus Polyacrylnitril/Baumwolle oder Polyester/Baumwolle.The following are considered as fiber materials:
Cellulose, especially untreated natural cellulose such as hemp, linen, jute, cellulose, viscose, acetate treyon, native cellulose fiber and especially raw cotton, wool, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile or polyester fiber materials as well as fiber blends, e.g. those made of polyacrylonitrile / cotton or polyester / cotton.

Das zu behandelnde Fasermaterial kann in den verschiedensten Verarbeitungsstufen vorliegen, so z.B. das cellulosehaltige Material als loses Material, Garn, Gewebe oder Gewirke. Hierbei handelt es sich also in der Regel stets um textile Fasermaterialien, die aus reinen textilen Cellulosefasern oder aus Gemischen aus textilen Cellulosefasern mit textilen Synthesefasern hergestellt werden. Das Fasermaterial kann kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich in wässeriger Flotte behandelt werden.The fiber material to be treated can be in various processing stages, e.g. the cellulose-containing material as loose material, yarn, woven or knitted fabric. As a rule, these are always textile fiber materials which are produced from pure textile cellulose fibers or from mixtures of textile cellulose fibers with textile synthetic fibers. The fiber material can be treated continuously or batchwise in an aqueous liquor.

Die wässerigen Behandlungsflotten können in bekannter Weise auf die Fasermaterialien aufgebracht werden, vorteilhaft durch Imprägnieren am Foulard, wobei die Flottenaufnahme etwa 50 bis 120 Gew.% beträgt. Das Foulaldierverfahren kommt insbesondere beim Pad-Steam-Verfahren, dem Pad-Thermofixverfahren sowie Pad-Batch-Verfahren zur Anwendung.The aqueous treatment liquors can be applied to the fiber materials in a known manner, advantageously by impregnation on the padder, the liquor absorption being about 50 to 120% by weight. The fouling process is used in particular in the pad-steam process, the pad-thermofix process and the pad-batch process.

Die Imprägnierung kann bei 10 bis 60°C, vorzugsweise jedoch bei Raumtemperatur, vorgenommen werden. Nach der Imprägnierung und Abquetschung wird das Cellulosematerial gegebenenfalls nach einer Zwischentrocknung, einer Hitzebehandlung, z.B. bei Temperaturen von 95 bis 210°C unterworfen. Beispielsweise kann die Hitzebehandlung nach einer Zwischentrocknung der Ware bei 80 bis 120°C, durch Thermofixieren bei einer Temperatur von 120 bis 210°C, vorzugsweise 140 bis 180°C, durchgeführt werden. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Hitzebehandlung direkt, d.h. ohne Zwischentrocknung, durch Dämpfen bei 95 bis 120°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 106°C. Je nach Art der Hitzeentwicklung und des Temperaturbereiches kann die Hitzebehandlung 30 Sekunden bis 30 Minuten dauern. Bei dem Pad-Batch-Verfahren wird die imprägnierte Ware ohne Trocknung aufgerollt und anschliessend gegebenenfalls mit eine Plastikfolie verpackt, und bei Raumtemperatur 1 bis 24 Stunden gelagert.The impregnation can be carried out at 10 to 60 ° C, but preferably at room temperature. After impregnation and squeezing, the cellulose material is optionally after intermediate drying, heat treatment, e.g. Subject at temperatures from 95 to 210 ° C. For example, the heat treatment can be carried out after intermediate drying of the goods at 80 to 120 ° C, by heat setting at a temperature of 120 to 210 ° C, preferably 140 to 180 ° C. Preferably the heat treatment is direct, i.e. without intermediate drying, by steaming at 95 to 120 ° C, preferably 100 to 106 ° C. Depending on the type of heat development and the temperature range, the heat treatment can take 30 seconds to 30 minutes. In the pad-batch process, the impregnated goods are rolled up without drying and then optionally packed with a plastic film and stored at room temperature for 1 to 24 hours.

Die Behandlung der Fasermaterialien kann aber auch in sogenannten langen Flotten bei einem Flottenverhältnis von z.B. 1:3 bis 1:100, vorzugsweise 1:8 bis 1:25 und bei 10 bis 100, vorzugsweise 80 bis 98°C während etwa 1/4 bis 3 Stunden unter Normalbedingungen, d.h. unter atmosphärischem Druck in üblichen Apparaturen, z.B. einem Jigger, Jet oder einer Haspelkufe erfolgen. Gegebenenfalls kann aber auch die Behandlung bis 150°C, vorzugsweise 105 bis 140°C unter Druck in sogenannten Hochtemperatur-Apparaturen (HT-Apparaturen) durchgeführt werden.The treatment of the fiber materials can also in so-called long liquors with a liquor ratio of e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 8 to 1:25 and at 10 to 100, preferably 80 to 98 ° C for about 1/4 to 3 hours under normal conditions, i.e. under atmospheric pressure in conventional equipment, e.g. a jigger, jet or reel runner. Optionally, however, the treatment up to 150 ° C, preferably 105 to 140 ° C under pressure in so-called high-temperature equipment (HT equipment) can be carried out.

Anschliessend werden die Fasermaterialien, wenn es das Verfahren verlangt, mit heissem Wasser von etwa 90 bis 98°C und dann mit warmem und zuletzt mit kaltem Wasser gründlich gespült, gegebenenfalls neutralisiert und hierauf vorzugsweise bei erhöhten Temperaturen getrocknet.Then, if the process requires, the fiber materials are washed with hot water at around 90 to 98 ° C and then with warm and finally with cold water rinsed thoroughly, neutralized if necessary and then dried preferably at elevated temperatures.

Als wesentliche Vorteile der erfindungsgemässen Netzmittel sind neben ihrer ausgezeichneten Netzwirkung ihre gute Lagerstabilität sowie ihr schaumarmes Verhalten in der Anwendung zu verzeichnen.The essential advantages of the wetting agents according to the invention, in addition to their excellent wetting action, are their good storage stability and low-foaming behavior in use.

In den nachfolgenden Beispielen beziehen sich die Prozente stets auf das Gewicht.In the following examples, the percentages always refer to the weight.

Herstellungsbeispiele der FormulierungenManufacturing examples of the formulations

Beispiel 1: Man stellt die Formulierungen A, B, C und D her, indem man die in Tabelle I aufgeführten Komponenten entsprechend ihrer Gewichts-Anteile unter Rühren mischt, bis eine homogene Lösung entsteht. Tabelle I A B Nichtionogenes Tensid der Formel (1), z.B. 15 Mol des Ethylen/Propylenoxidadduktes an 1 Mol eines C₉ - C₁₁-Fett- alkohols 25 25 2-Ethylhexanolsulfat-Natriumsalz 9 9 (40 %ige Lösung) 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanol 3 Isopropanol Wasser 66 63 Trübungspunkt [°C]* 40,5 41,5 Schaumhöhe [ml] von 2 g/l der Formulierung ** 70 50 *Trübungspunkt der Formulierung tel quel; ** Schaumprüfung in Anlehnung an DIN 53902 Example 1: Formulations A, B, C and D are prepared by mixing the components listed in Table I in accordance with their proportions by weight, with stirring, until a homogeneous solution is obtained. Table I A B Nonionic surfactant of formula (1), for example 15 moles of Ethylene / propylene oxide adduct to 1 mole of a C₉ - C₁₁ fat alcohol 25th 25th 2-ethylhexanol sulfate sodium salt 9 9 (40% solution) 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol 3rd Isopropanol water 66 63 Cloud point [° C] * 40.5 41.5 Foam height [ml] of 2 g / l of Wording ** 70 50 * Cloud point of the formulation tel quel; ** Foam test based on DIN 53902

ApplikationsbeispieleApplication examples

Beispiel 2: Ein Roh-Baumwolltrikot wird in einem ®AHIBA-Färbeapparat in einem Bad gebleicht, welches pro Liter
   2g der Formulierung B
   0,2 g des wässrigen Gemisches aus dem Oligomeren-Gemisch von Phosphorsäureestern gem. US-PS 4 254 063, Na-Gluconat und Magnesiumchlorid (Verhältnis 2:1:1)
   1g NaOH fest und
   5 ml H₂O₂ (35 %) enthält. Example 2: A raw cotton jersey is bleached in a ®AHIBA dyeing machine in a bath, which is per liter
2g of formulation B
0.2 g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters acc. U.S. Patent 4,254,063 Na Gluconate and Magnesium Chloride (2: 1: 1 ratio)
1g NaOH solid and
Contains 5 ml H₂O₂ (35%).

Das Bleichbad wird innerhalb von 20 Minuten auf 90°C aufgeheizt und dann weitere 30 Minuten bei dieser Temperatur gehalten. Anschliessend wird das Substrat heiss und kalt ausgewaschen und neutralisiert. Während der Bleiche tritt keine störende Schaumbildung auf. Es resultiert ein gleichmässiger Weissgrad, der von -72 auf 50 CIBA-GEIGY-Weisseinheiten angehoben wird.The bleach bath is heated to 90 ° C. within 20 minutes and then held at this temperature for a further 30 minutes. The substrate is then washed out hot and cold and neutralized. No disruptive foaming occurs during bleaching. The result is a uniform degree of whiteness, which is increased from -72 to 50 CIBA-GEIGY whiteness units.

Beispiel 3: Ein rohes Baumwolltrikot mit einem Laufmetergewicht von 80 g wird in einer Galaxy-Anlage (Firma Benninger, Schweiz) bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 54 m/min durch ein Chlor-Bleichbad geführt, das pro Liter
   4g Aktiv-Chlor
   1,5 g NaOH (100%) und
   2g der Formulierung B enthält. Example 3: A raw cotton jersey with a running weight of 80 g is passed through a chlorine bleach bath in a Galaxy system (Benninger, Switzerland) at a speed of 54 m / min
4g active chlorine
1.5 g NaOH (100%) and
2g of formulation B contains.

Die Verweilzeit beträgt 15 Minuten bei 16°C.
Die Ware wird gleichmässig benetzt und das Chlor-Bleichbad ist schaumfrei. Nach einem Spülprozess wird die Ware abgequetscht und durch ein H₂O₂-Bleichbad geleitet, das pro Liter
   2g des wässrigen Gemisches aus dem Oligomeren-Gemisch von Phosphorsäureestern gem. US-PS 4 254 063, Na-Gluconat und Magnesiumchlorid (Verhältnis 2:1:1)
   3g NaOH (100%)
   3 ml Wasserglas 38°Bé
   0,5 g der Formulierung B und
   15 ml H₂O₂ (35 %) enthält.The residence time is 15 minutes at 16 ° C.
The goods are evenly wetted and the chlorine bleach bath is foam-free. After a rinsing process, the goods are squeezed and passed through an H₂O₂ bleaching bath, which is per liter
2g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters acc. U.S. Patent 4,254,063 Na Gluconate and Magnesium Chloride (2: 1: 1 ratio)
3g NaOH (100%)
3 ml water glass 38 ° Bé
0.5 g of formulation B and
Contains 15 ml H₂O₂ (35%).

Die Verweilzeit beträgt 35 Minuten bei 85°C. Auch im Peroxid-Bleichbad tritt keine störende Schaumbildung auf. Es resultiert ein hoher gleichmässiger Weissgrad von R 46 = 86.2 (gemessen mit dem Elrephogerät).The residence time is 35 minutes at 85 ° C. No disturbing foam formation occurs in the peroxide bleaching bath either. The result is a high, uniform whiteness of R 46 = 86.2 (measured with the Elrepho device).

Claims (9)

  1. An aqueous storage-stable wetting agent which is low-foaming in application and is free of phosphorus-containing compounds, comprising a nonionic surfactant selected from the group of the partially end group-blocked alkoxylated fatty alcohols, which agent comprises
    (a) 15 to 60 % by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the general formula
    Figure imgb0010
     in which R is an aliphatic radical of at least 8 carbon atoms, R₁ is hydrogen, C₁- to C₈alkyl, a cycloaliphatic radical of at least 5 carbon atoms, phenyl-lower alkyl or styryl, "alkylene" is an alkylene radical of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and p is a number from 2 to 24 and
    (b) 1 to 10 % by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula



            (5)   R₈O-SO₃X,



    in which R₈ is an aliphatic saturated, branched or straight-chain radical of 4 to 8 carbon atoms and X is hydrogen, an alkali metal or ammonium, as hydrotropic agent.
  2. A wetting agent according to claim 1, wherein component (a) has the formula
    Figure imgb0011
     in which one of the radicals Y₁ and Y₂ is methyl or ethyl and the other is hydrogen, n₁ is an integer from 2 to 24 and m₁ is an integer from 0 to 15, the sum of m₁ and n₁ being at most 24 and R and R₁ being as defined in formula (1).
  3. A wetting agent according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant corresponds to component (a) of the formula
    Figure imgb0012
     in which R₂ is C₉- to C₁₄alkyl, R₃ is hydrogen, butyl, a cycloaliphatic radical of at least 6 carbon atoms or benzyl, one of the radicals Y₃ and Y₄ is hydrogen or methyl and the other is hydrogen, m₂ is an integer from 0 to 8 and n₂ is an integer from 4 to 8.
  4. A wetting agent according to either of claims 1 and 2, wherein the nonionic surfactant corresponds to component (a) of the formula
    Figure imgb0013
     in which R₂ is C₉- to C₁₄alkyl, R₄ is hydrogen, C₁- to C₄alkyl or phenyl-lower alkyl, one of the radicals Y₅ and Y₆ is hydrogen and the other is ethyl, n₃ is an integer from 4 to 8 and m₃ is an integer from 1 to 3.
  5. A wetting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which additionally contains an apolar solvent as optional component (c).
  6. Use of the wetting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as wetting agent in the pretreatment of textiles.
  7. A process for the wetting of fibre materials, wherein these materials are treated in an aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent which is free of phosphorus-containing compounds and comprises
    (a) 15 to 60 % by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the formula (1) defined in claim 1
    (b) 1 to 10 % by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula (5) and
    (c) 0 to 4 % by weight of an apolar solvent.
  8. A process according to claim 7, wherein the wetting agent is used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 g, preferably 0.5 to 5 g, per litre of liquor.
  9. A process according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the fibre material is treated continuously or batchwise.
EP90810704A 1989-09-26 1990-09-17 Aqueous, storage stable, low foaming wetting agent Expired - Lifetime EP0420802B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH347889 1989-09-26
CH3478/89 1989-09-26

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EP0420802A3 EP0420802A3 (en) 1991-05-15
EP0420802B1 true EP0420802B1 (en) 1995-08-09

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EP (1) EP0420802B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2763190B2 (en)
AR (1) AR247433A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE126289T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9004788A (en)
CA (1) CA2026039C (en)
DD (1) DD298062A5 (en)
DE (1) DE59009494D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0420802T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2075891T3 (en)
MX (1) MX173539B (en)
PT (1) PT95351B (en)
ZA (1) ZA907642B (en)

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US5484553A (en) 1996-01-16
ATE126289T1 (en) 1995-08-15
ZA907642B (en) 1991-05-29
CA2026039A1 (en) 1991-03-27
DK0420802T3 (en) 1995-09-18
JPH03123634A (en) 1991-05-27
PT95351B (en) 1997-06-30
CA2026039C (en) 1998-02-03
BR9004788A (en) 1991-09-10
EP0420802A3 (en) 1991-05-15
ES2075891T3 (en) 1995-10-16
MX173539B (en) 1994-03-14
PT95351A (en) 1991-08-14
DD298062A5 (en) 1992-02-06
DE59009494D1 (en) 1995-09-14
EP0420802A2 (en) 1991-04-03
AR247433A1 (en) 1994-12-29

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