Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates

Definitions

• the invention relates to a cleaning agent for compressors, especially in gas turbines, consisting of aqueous solutions.
• Gas turbines basically consist of a compressor and the gas turbine itself. They work according to the Joule cycle, i.e. with constant pressure. Air is compressed in the compressor and introduced into the combustion chamber, where the temperature is raised while the pressure remains constant. The hot gases then operate the turbine.
• the "on-line” washing has so far been carried out primarily with demineralized water (e.g. condensed water), the total content of dissolved solids max. 5 ppm and on metals (Na + K + Pb + V) max. May be 0.5 ppm.
• demineralized water e.g. condensed water
• Na + K + Pb + V metals
• the aim of the invention is therefore to find a cleaning solution which effectively removes the deposits in the compressor, consisting mostly of dirt, sand, salts, coal dust, insect corpses, oils, polymers, turbine exhaust gases. Furthermore, such cleaning solutions are said to be equally suitable both for the “off-line” and for the “on-line” cleaning of compressors, in particular in the case of gas turbines. These solutions should be both combustible and biodegradable in the wastewater without pollutant formation in order to ensure material and environmental protection.
• nonionic and / or cationic detergent substances and dimethyl ester of dicarboxylic acids, especially succinic, glutaric and adipic acids.
• Dicarboxylic acids especially the mixture of succinic, glutaric and adipic acids, are obtained as a by-product in the production of adipic acid.
• Esterification with methanol creates solvents which dissolve polymers well, have a distillation range of around 190 - 230 ° C and consist only of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
• the aforementioned boiling curve ensures that the rear compressor blades are also detected during "on-line" cleaning without the formation of oily residues. Water alone with a boiling point of 100 ° C at normal pressure achieves an insufficient cleaning effect at higher compressor temperatures, especially in the back of these systems.
• An "off-line" cleaning concentrate for compressors of all kinds consists of 85 parts by weight of dimethyl ester of succinic, glutaric and adipic acid, 10 parts by weight of laurinamine ethoxylated with 10 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 parts by weight of C13 alcohol ethoxylated with 9 moles of ethylene oxide.
• the ester mixture consists of 17 pbw of dimethyl adipate, 66 pbw of dimethyl glutarate, 16.5 pbw of dimethyl succinate, the rest water, methanol and other organic by-products.
• This ester mixture has the following specifications: Boiling range 196-225 ° C freezing point -20 ° C Flash point (closed cup) 100 ° C Autoignition temperature 370 ° C Viscosity at 25 ° C 2.4 mPas Surface tension at 20 ° C 35.6 mN / m Specific weight 20/20 ° C 1.092 kg.dm ⁇ 3
• a 5% aqueous solution is prepared from the cleaning concentrate and is carried out off-line (unfired) in accordance with General Electric's regulations for gas turbine compressor cleaning.
• the water for this "off-line" cleaning had less than 100 ppm dissolved solids and less than 25 ppm Na + K and a pH of 6-8.
• the compressor which showed a loss in performance of 1.7% before cleaning due to contamination, was able to achieve its full performance again after washing with this 5% solution, consisting of a mixture of dimethyl esters and the described detergent substances (WAS), and rinsing with demineralized water .
• WAS detergent substances
• the cleaning concentrate according to Example 1 is also used in 5% aqueous solution according to the "on-line” method.
• the 95 wt .-% water contain max. 5 ppm dissolved solids, less than 0.5 ppm total metals (Na + K + Pb + V) and a pH of 6.5 - 7.5.
• the named gas turbine had lost 1.5% of its efficiency after 40 days of operation due to compressor contamination, and 1.8 and 2% respectively after 70 to 80 days of operation.
• the above-described "on-line" cleaning enabled the drop in performance to be more than halved.
• the 5% cleaning solutions showed similar improvements (using the same WAS) and the "on-line" cleaning increased the continuous operating time by 2 to 4 times depending on the level of contamination.
• the wash-active solution consisted of 15 pbw of stearylamine with 12 moles of ethylene oxide, 6 pbw of a maleic acid copolymer with a molecular weight of 2,000, 7 pbw of a fatty alcohol-polypropylene oxide addition product with 10 moles of ethylene oxide, 16 pbw of a dimethyl ester mixture with the following data and 56 pbw of demineralized water.
• Dimethyl ester mixture average molecular weight approx.
• the cleaning solution in its prescribed form is also good at removing organic polymeric impurities and maintaining the effectiveness of the compressor.
• This cleaning concentrate was used in condensed water as a 5 - 20% solution for the online and off-line cleaning of compressors.
• the impurities in the application solution were far below the limit values permitted by turbine manufacturers and were: Content of in ppm chlorine 0.50 - 2.00 Sodium + potassium 4.60 - 18.40 lead 0.06-0.22 Vanadium 0.03-0.10 phosphorus 0.19 - 0.76 iron 0.03-0.10 tin 0.03-0.10 Silicone 0.05-0.20 aluminum 0.03-0.10 copper 0.03-0.10 manganese 0.01-0.02 calcium 0.18 - 0.70 pH 7 - 7.2
• composition of the nonionic and cationic WAS corresponds to the state of the art and can include ethoxylated, propoxylated, amine-oxidized products with alkyl, aralkyl, fatty alcohol, fatty acid, alkylphenol and other hydrophobic components.
• the HLB value (hydrophile-lypophile balance) of these WAS or their mixtures can be on average between 3 and 20.
• the proportion of the cleaning concentrate in demineralized water is preferably between 1 and 20% by weight.
• the aforementioned dimethyl ester mixtures have an average water solubility of 5%, but can also be solubilized to a greater extent in water by suitable WAS.
• the above-mentioned cleaning is primarily used for compressors in gas turbines operated with natural gas, mineral oil products, coal and similar fuels containing carbon or hydrocarbons.
• the mixtures of dimethyldicarboxylic acid esters with nonionic and / or cationic WAS is also suitable for compressors of all kinds, especially if they are work in exhaust gas rich, sooty and oily ambient air.
• the cleaning agent according to the invention preferably has the dimethyl ester (s) in proportions of 0.25 to 20% by weight and the detergent substance in proportions of 0.05 to 20% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of the cleaning agent passed through the compressor, incl demineralized water. It preferably contains 1 to 20% by weight of a concentrate which has 50-94 parts by weight of dimethyldicarboxylic acid ester and 5-50 parts by weight of nonionic and / or cationically active detergent substances with an average HLB value of 3-20.
• the water preferably contains max. 5 ppm dissolved solids and max.
• 0.5 ppm metals (Na + K + Pb + V) and with a pH of 6.5 - 7.5 and for the removal after shutdown of the turbine preferably max. 100 ppm dissolved solids and max. 25 ppm Na + K and with a pH of 6 to 8.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

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• 1989
  • 1989-08-11 AT AT1928/89A patent/AT392285B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-08-03 EP EP19900890235 patent/EP0412957A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-08-07 US US07/564,173 patent/US5002078A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-08-09 CA CA002023047A patent/CA2023047A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-08-10 DD DD90343379A patent/DD297184A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation

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