EP0412195B1 - Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables - Google Patents

Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0412195B1
EP0412195B1 EP89114859A EP89114859A EP0412195B1 EP 0412195 B1 EP0412195 B1 EP 0412195B1 EP 89114859 A EP89114859 A EP 89114859A EP 89114859 A EP89114859 A EP 89114859A EP 0412195 B1 EP0412195 B1 EP 0412195B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cotton
fibers
nylon
yarn
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89114859A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0412195A1 (fr
Inventor
James Ralph Green
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to AT89114859T priority Critical patent/ATE123537T1/de
Priority to ES89114859T priority patent/ES2074064T3/es
Priority to EP89114859A priority patent/EP0412195B1/fr
Priority to DE68922999T priority patent/DE68922999T2/de
Priority to AU39524/89A priority patent/AU612874B2/en
Publication of EP0412195A1 publication Critical patent/EP0412195A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0412195B1 publication Critical patent/EP0412195B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a yarn suitable for use in heat resistant fabrics said yarn composed of staple fibers including heat resistant fibers which have a Heat Resistance Time of at least 0.018 sec/g/m2 and a Limiting Oxygen Index of at least 25, further of nylon staple fibers and cotton fibers (cf. WO-A-8701140).
  • Cotton jeans are commonly worn by welders, however, they rapidly deteriorate due to spark holes and wear out due to soft surface abrasion at pockets and cuffs.
  • Cotton blend fabrics with high heat resistance, good aesthetics and high soft surface abrasion resistance are needed in many types of apparel, particularly work pants and jackets exposed to heat and sparks.
  • Fabrics made from blends of cotton and nylon have excellent soft surface abrasion resistance but are about the same or inferior to cotton in heat resistance.
  • the soft surface abrasion resistance of fabrics made from blends of cotton, polyester and heat resistant fibers, e.g. poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPD-T) is about the same as for fabrics from blends of cotton and PPD-T but lower than that of polyester/cotton fabrics.
  • WO-A-8701140 reflects the closest prior art. It describes a heat-resistant fabric of at least two types of flame-resistant staple fibers which are segregated in the yarn or fabric construction. It does not address the question of soft surface abrasion at pockets and cuffs of garments nor of comfort or good textile aesthetics. The present invention is characterized by unexpected improvements in these areas.
  • This invention provides staple fiber blends suitable for warp yarns of fabrics having good heat resistance, durability and textile aesthetics comprising 15-50%, preferably 15-35%, of heat resistant fibers having a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of at least 25, 5-20%, preferably 10-15%, aliphatic polyamide fibers and at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, cotton.
  • Novel fabrics containing such warp yarns consist of 8-50% heat resistant fibers, 3-25% nylon fibers and 30-89% cotton. Percentages are by weight.
  • the staple fibers used herein are textile fibers having a linear density suitable for wearing apparel, i.e. less than 10 decitex per fiber, preferably less than 5 decitex per fiber. Still more preferred are fibers that have a linear density of from about 1 to about 3 decitex per fiber and lengths from about 1.9 to 6.3 cm. (0.75 to 2.5 in). Crimped fibers are particularly good for textile aesthestics and processibility.
  • the process for making the fabric involves the steps of first preparing a blend comprising 15-50% heat resistant staple fibers 5-20% aliphatic polyamide (nylon) staple and at least 30% cotton. Yarn is spun from the blend and fabric is woven using these yarns as the warp. The fill is chosen to limit the nylon in the fabric to 3-25% of the fiber content, heat resistant fibers to 8-50% and cotton to 30-89% of the fiber content.
  • the fibers can be spun into yarns by a number of different spinning methods, including, but not limited to ring spinning, air jet spinning and friction spinning.
  • Nylon 6,6 is the preferred aliphatic polyamide but others such as nylon 6, with heat resistance and fatigue properties similar thereto can also be used satisfactorily.
  • heat resistant fibers as used herein means staple fibers of polymers containing both carbon and hydrogen and which may also contain other elements such as oxygen and nitrogen, and which have a Heat Resistance Time of at least 0.018 sec/g/m2 (0.6 sec/oz/yd2).
  • An exemplary heat resistant fiber for use in the present invention is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPD-T) staple fiber (LOI 28, heat resistance time 0.04 sec/g/m2).
  • PPD-T poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)
  • This fiber can be prepared as described in U.S. Patent 3,767,756 and is commercially available.
  • Other fibers which may be used include polybenzimidazole (LOI 41, heat resistance time 0.04/g/m2) and a copolymer of terephthalic acid with a mixture of diamines comprising 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether and p-phenylenediamine as described in U.S. Patent 4,075,172 (LOI 25, heat resistance time 0.024 sec/g/m2). Also satisfactory are novoloids such as are made in Japan under the trade name KYNOL.
  • durable press resin may be applied to the fabric.
  • Many other conventional fabric treatments may also be carried out on the fabric.
  • flame retardant may be desirable to apply to the cotton for additional protection against flames.
  • wash/dry cycle consists of washing the fabric in a conventional home washing machine in a 11.5 pH aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at 57°C (135°F) with 14 minutes agitation followed by rinsing the fabrics at 37°C (100°F) and drying in a conventional tumble dryer to a maximum dryness at a final (maximum) temperature of 71°C (160°F). Usually a drying time of about 30 minutes is required.
  • Abrasion resistance was determined using ASTM Method D3884-80, with a CS-10 wheel, 1000 gms load on a Taber abrasion machine available from Teledyne Taber, 455 Bryant St., North Tonawanda, NY 14120. Taber abrasion resistance is reported as cycles to failure divided by the basis weight of the fabric in g/m2.
  • Heat resistance was measured using a device described in U.S. Patent 4,198,494 for measurement of Fabric Break Open. While the same heating conditions were used, this method differs in that the sample holder was modified to expose a 2.5x6.3 cm area of the test sample to the heat flux. The sample was changed to a 2.5x25 cm strip and placed under a tensile load of 1.8 kg by holding one end fixed and attaching the other to a 1.8 kg weight suspended with a string over a pulley. Measurements are made with the fabric loaded in the warp direction only, and with the fabric face down against the flames. Also, the time recorded is the time required for the sample to break rather than the time required to cause a hole to form in the fabric.
  • Heat Resistance Time Time in seconds before the sample breaks divided by the basis weight of the fabric in g/m2 is reported as Heat Resistance Time.
  • This type of heating device is available as model CS-206 from Custom Scientific Instruments, Inc., 13 Wing Drive, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927.
  • fabrics comprised entirely of either staple or filament may be used. Plain weave fabric with substantially equal numbers of ends and picks of the same yarns should be used.
  • the fabric basis weight should be between 170 and 340 g/m2 (5-10 oz/yd2).
  • a highly durable fabric of the present invention was prepared from ring-spun yarns of intimate blends of PPD-T staple fibers, nylon staple fibers, and cotton.
  • % combed cotton having a fiber length of 3 cm (1-3/16 in) was prepared and processed by the conventional cotton system into a spun yarn having 3.6 turns per cm (tpc) of "z" twist (9.2 tpi) using a ring spinning frame.
  • the yarn so made was 972 dtex (nominal 6/1 cotton count; 883 denier) singles spun yarn.
  • the singles spun yarn so formed was used as the warp on a shuttle loom in a 3x1 right hand twill construction with a singles ring spun fill yarn made from 30 wt. % of the same 6,6-nylon fibers used in the warp yarn and 70 wt. % combed cotton, the fill yarn having the same twist and linear density as the warp yarn.
  • the twill fabric had a construction of 25 ends per cm x 19 picks per cm (63 ends per in x 48 picks per in), a basis weight of 498 g/m2 (oz/yd2), a Taber Abrasion of 9 cycles/g/m2, Heat Resistance Time of 0.026 seconds/g/m2, Heated Drape Stiffness of 5.
  • the fabric had a fiber content of 14 wt.% PPD-T staple, 24 wt.% nylon staple and 62 wt.% cotton fibers.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that 25 wt.% undyed PPD-T fibers were used and only 10 wt. % nylon with the balance cotton was used in the warp. The fill was 100% cotton.
  • the fabric had a Taber Abrasion of 6.8 cycles/g/m2, Heat Resistance Time of .026 sec/gm/m2 and a Heated Drape Stiffness of 4.5.
  • the fabric had a fiber content of 14 wt. % PPD-T staple, 6 wt.% nylon staple, and 80 wt. % cotton fibers.
  • Example 1 was repeated, except that the picker blend sliver was made of 15 wt. % of the blue dyed PPD-T fibers, 20 wt. % of the 6,6-nylon fibers, and 65 wt. % of the combed cotton, the yarn so made being a singles spun yarn of the same twist and linear density as the yarn of Example 1.
  • the singles yarn was used as the warp on a shuttle loom in a 3x1 twill construction with a singles ring spun fill yarn made from 30 wt. % of the 6,6-nylon fibers and 70 wt. % combed cotton, the fill yarn having the same twist and linear density as the warp yarn.
  • the fabric had a fiber content of 9 wt. % PPD-T staple fibers, 24 wt. % nylon staple fibers, and 67 wt. % cotton fibers.
  • the fabric had a construction of 24.4 ends per cm x 17.3 picks per cm (62 ends per in x 44 picks per in), a basis weight of 505 g/m2 (oz/yd2), Taber Abrasion of 8.3/g/m2, Heat Resistance Time of 0.022 sec/g/m2, and Heated Drape Stiffness of 4.5.
  • Comparative Examples A-E not of the invention and described in Table 1 were made similarly to Example 1 except that the cotton was blended with either PPD-T or nylon but not both.
  • Comparative Examples F and G also made like Example 1 show the properties of triblends with cotton, polyester and PPD-T. The abrasion resistance was half that of the comparable nylon triblends.
  • TABLE 1 CONTROL FABRICS NOT OF THE INVENTION EXAMPLE TABER ABRASION cycles/g/m2 HEAT RESISTANCE TIME sec/g/m2 HEATED DRAPE STIFFNESS cm A. WARP 50/50% PPD-T/COTTON FILL 100% COTTON 5.0 .032 4.5 B.
  • WARP 35/65% PPD-T/COTTON FILL 100% COTTON 4.6 .030 3.5
  • WARP 30/70 NYLON/COTTON FILL 100% COTTON 9.0 .012 7
  • WARP 45/55 NYLON/COTTON FILL 100% COTTON 9.6 .012 7

Claims (7)

  1. Un filé convenant à l'obtention de tissus résistant à la chaleur, ledit filé étant composé de fibres coupées comprenant des fibres résistant à la chaleur présentant un temps de résistance à la chaleur au moins égal à 0,018 s/g/m² et un indice d'oxygène limitatif d'au moins 25, et en outre de fibres de nylon coupées et de fibres de coton, caractérisé en ce que ledit filé est composé d'un mélange de fibres contenant de 15 à 50% de fibres résistant à la chaleur, de 5 à 20% de fibres de nylon coupées et au moins 30% de fibres de nylon.
  2. Un filé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les fibres résistant à la chaleur sont des fibres de poly(p-phénylène téréphtalamide).
  3. Un filé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre est frisée.
  4. Un filé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le coton est ignifugé.
  5. Un tissu tissé résistant à la chaleur caractérisé en ce que les fils de chaîne de ce tissu sont composés d'un mélange de fibres coupées contenant de 15 à 50% de fibres résistant à la chaleur dont le temps de résistance à la chaleur est au moins égal à 0,018 s/g/m² et l'indice d'oxygène limitatif est au moins égal à 25, de 5 à 20% de fibres de nylon coupées et au moins 30% de fibres de coton.
  6. Un tissu selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le filé dans le sens de la trame est du coton.
  7. Un tissu selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le filé dans le sens de la trame est un mélange de coton et de nylon.
EP89114859A 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables Expired - Lifetime EP0412195B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89114859T ATE123537T1 (de) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mischung aus baumwolle, nylon und nichtentflammbaren fasern.
ES89114859T ES2074064T3 (es) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mezcla de algodon, nylon y fibras resistentes al calor.
EP89114859A EP0412195B1 (fr) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables
DE68922999T DE68922999T2 (de) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mischung aus Baumwolle, Nylon und nichtentflammbaren Fasern.
AU39524/89A AU612874B2 (en) 1989-08-10 1989-08-11 Blend of cotton, nylon and heat-resistant fibers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89114859A EP0412195B1 (fr) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0412195A1 EP0412195A1 (fr) 1991-02-13
EP0412195B1 true EP0412195B1 (fr) 1995-06-07

Family

ID=8201751

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89114859A Expired - Lifetime EP0412195B1 (fr) 1989-08-10 1989-08-10 Mélange de coton, de nylon et de fibres ininflammables

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0412195B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE123537T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU612874B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE68922999T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2074064T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11873587B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-01-16 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5077126A (en) * 1990-03-05 1991-12-31 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company Process for making cotton blend warp yarns for durable fabrics
DE69124692T2 (de) * 1991-07-31 1997-09-11 Du Pont Leichtgewichtgewebe wiederstandsfähig gegenüber elektrischer Überschlag
FR2691721A1 (fr) * 1992-05-27 1993-12-03 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Articles textiles de bonnes propriétés mécaniques.
US5202086A (en) * 1992-06-16 1993-04-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Aramid fabric for garments of improved comfort
DE69906334T2 (de) * 1998-09-28 2004-02-12 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington Flammhemmende gewbe
FR2843133B1 (fr) * 2002-07-31 2005-01-14 Proline Textile Fil composite anti-feu a trois types de fibres
US20050025962A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-03 Reiyao Zhu Flame retardant fiber blends comprising flame retardant cellulosic fibers and fabrics and garments made therefrom
CA2708960C (fr) 2008-01-04 2016-03-08 Southern Mills, Inc. Tissus ignifuges ayant une resistance amelioree a l'abrasion de surface ou au boulochage et procedes de fabrication
DE102010028433A1 (de) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf Hybridgarn zur Herstellung von Formteilen
EP2598679A4 (fr) * 2010-07-29 2018-03-21 Drifire, LLC Tissu tissé et vêtements résistant au feu
CN102673057A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2012-09-19 江苏红运果服饰有限公司 夜光尼龙真丝面料
CN107400951A (zh) * 2017-08-08 2017-11-28 江苏悦达家纺有限公司 一种轻薄型多层结构的大提花家纺面料的生产方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1210001A (fr) * 1957-06-28 1960-03-04 Du Pont Nouveau fil textile synthétique
FR1441692A (fr) * 1965-04-28 1966-06-10 Du Pont Mélange de fibres discontinues en résine synthétique pour le renforcement des fils, notamment des fils en coton, et fils mélangés obtenus avec ces fibres
DE3032349A1 (de) * 1980-08-28 1982-03-04 Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim Einlagevliesstoff
US4495238A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-01-22 Pall Corporation Fire resistant thermal insulating structure and garments produced therefrom
GB8520318D0 (en) * 1985-08-13 1985-09-18 Ten Cate Over All Fabrics Bv Flame resistant materials
FR2595724B1 (fr) * 1986-03-11 1988-06-10 Schappe Sa Matiere fibreuse a base de fibres d'aramide a resistance amelioree

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11873587B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-01-16 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2074064T3 (es) 1995-09-01
EP0412195A1 (fr) 1991-02-13
AU3952489A (en) 1991-02-14
DE68922999D1 (de) 1995-07-13
ATE123537T1 (de) 1995-06-15
DE68922999T2 (de) 1995-12-14
AU612874B2 (en) 1991-07-18

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