EP0411992A1 - Ignition composition for pyrotechnic delay element - Google Patents
Ignition composition for pyrotechnic delay element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0411992A1 EP0411992A1 EP90402149A EP90402149A EP0411992A1 EP 0411992 A1 EP0411992 A1 EP 0411992A1 EP 90402149 A EP90402149 A EP 90402149A EP 90402149 A EP90402149 A EP 90402149A EP 0411992 A1 EP0411992 A1 EP 0411992A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- ignition
- pyrotechnic
- delay
- titanium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead styphnate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([O-])=C1[N+]([O-])=O WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- VRNINGUKUJWZTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N VRNINGUKUJWZTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QDMRQDKMCNPQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynetitanium Chemical compound [B].[Ti] QDMRQDKMCNPQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium chromate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940083898 barium chromate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000010957 pewter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000498 pewter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003456 pulmonary alveoli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
Definitions
- the technical sector of the present invention is that of ignition compositions for pyrotechnic delays incorporated in an ammunition or in a security and arming device (DSA).
- DSA security and arming device
- Pyrotechnic delays of the delay cord type, include an ignition composition, a retarding pyrotechnic composition confined in a metal sheath, and possibly an explosive output relay. They are used in a pyrotechnic chain to induce a time delay.
- the solution usually adopted consists in defining a delay specific to the system studied, generally a tube containing a retarding composition loaded by compression. Such a delay is reliable and precise, but relatively bulky. Thus, when an adjustment of the duration of the delay is necessary (as for certain rockets of mortar projectiles), the constraints of the size lead to provide for the possibility of initiating the retarded composition compressed more or less close to the relay. ignition, by mechanical displacement of one of the elements of the rocket (delay carrier or relay carrier). Such a solution is not satisfactory, because it leads to a certain imprecision.
- timing problems do not have a pyrotechnic solution, and one has to resort to more complex timing techniques (watchmaking for example), often more bulky and more expensive.
- the aim of the present invention is therefore to propose an ignition composition for pyrotechnic delay which can be initiated by percussion, capable of being integrated into ammunition or into an arming and security device, of reduced diameter and of low cost.
- the subject of the invention is therefore an ignition composition that can be initiated by percussion for pyrotechnic delay, characterized in that it comprises a first composition for ignition by percussion and a second composition consisting of a mixture of titanium and boron powders. .
- the first composition can be a tablet of potassium chlorate, lead thyocianate, antimony sulfide and lead styphnate.
- the second composition can comprise 80% by mass of titanium powder and 20% by mass of boron powder.
- the first composition can be compressed at a pressure between 0.5.108 and 2.1O8 Pa and the second composition at a pressure between 0.5.108 and 2.5.108 Pa.
- the invention also relates to the application of the ignition composition to the production of a delay cord, integrated in a metal sheath with an external diameter less than or equal to 3 mm, containing a pyrotechnic composition burning at a lower speed or equal to 4 mm / s.
- An advantage of the present invention lies in obtaining an ignition composition of small dimensions, simple to implement and to manufacture.
- initiation composition initiates delay cords of small diameter, that is to say less than or equal to 3 mm.
- Another advantage lies in the fact that the delay composition is initiated without disorganization or destruction of the cell which contains it, thus avoiding a disturbance of the pyrotechnic chain.
- the delay composition in itself is well known to those skilled in the art. It consists of tungsten, barium chromate and potassium perchlorate distributed according to the following respective percentages by mass and this by way of example: 28, 62, and 1O.
- We take advantage of the properties of this composition namely: - weakly gaseous combustion with a reduced risk of ejection of residues and disorganization of any of the constituents of the pyrotechnic chain, or even damage to the DSA, - security of use and storage due to the low sensitivity, - excellent resistance to aging (lifespan) 20 years at 20 ° C, greatly exceeding the average storage period of most munitions and therefore requiring no visit during this same period.
- This igniter comprises a percussion ignition composition combined with a titanium-boron composition.
- the titanium-boron composition has certain qualities which make it particularly suitable for the intended use: - high calorific value, - combustion rigorously without gas and therefore without risk of projection of residues, disorganization of the titanium-boron tablet which can cause poor contact between this same composition and the retarding composition, and thus prevent the transmission of combustion, - non pyrotechnic basic products (titanium and boron), easy and safe to use, which improves manufacturing safety, - Production of an ignition of the delayed composition by combustion front.
- the particle size of titanium and boron has no significant influence on the performance of the ignition composition.
- the titanium powder has an average particle size of the order of 15 ⁇ m and the boron powder of 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the titanium-boron composition being impossible to ignite by percussion, it is essential to provide a priming composition.
- the latter consists of a tablet of potassium chlorate, lead thyocianate, antimony sulfide and lead styphnate.
- This composition is known and is easy to initiate by percussion. It is sufficiently energetic to initiate the hot titanium-boron composition, without disorganizing it or destroying the cell. Its percussion energy is around 0.1 Joule and it generates a high output energy, around 100 Joules. Finally, the deflagration of this composition is transmitted neither to the titanium-boron composition, nor to the pyrotechnic delay composition.
- a delay is therefore produced comprising a head primer crimped onto one end of a metal sheath.
- This sheath can for example be a lead or tin sheath of about 3 mm internal diameter.
- the other end of this cord carries an output relay, produced in a known manner and which will not be the subject of a more detailed description.
- the head primer consists of a cell in which the first priming composition and the second composition are compressed.
- the alveolus has at its end a passage hole for a striker, closed by a thin paillet ensuring sealing.
- the delay cord is obtained from a large diameter tube which is cut to a determined length and which is then filled with retarding composition. After sealing the ends, this tube is introduced into a machine which will roll it between rollers until the desired diameter is obtained, the length of the cord being of course a function of this diameter.
- the retarding composition has been the subject of aging tests which suggest a lifetime greater than 20 years at 30 ° C. and 1O years at 60 ° C.
- the delay according to the invention can be used whenever the following characteristics are desired: - very slow combustion (2 mm / s) inducing long delay times for a short length of cord and therefore a reduced mass, which is important in the case of on-board devices, - ease of integration into a system thanks to the flexibility of the cord and its ability to function despite kinks, - good reproducibility of the performances which are practically not affected by the conditions of use, - conservation of performance at low temperature, - good resistance to aging.
Abstract
Description
Le secteur technique de la présente invention est celui des compositions d'allumage pour retards pyrotechniques incorporés dans une munition ou dans un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement (DSA).The technical sector of the present invention is that of ignition compositions for pyrotechnic delays incorporated in an ammunition or in a security and arming device (DSA).
Les retards pyrotechniques, du type cordeau-retard, conprennent une composition d'allumage, une composition pyrotechnique retardatrice confinée dans une gaine métallique, et éventuellement un explosif relais de sortie. Ils sont utilisés dans une chaîne pyrotechnique pour induire une temporisation.Pyrotechnic delays, of the delay cord type, include an ignition composition, a retarding pyrotechnic composition confined in a metal sheath, and possibly an explosive output relay. They are used in a pyrotechnic chain to induce a time delay.
De nombreux retards pyrotechniques ont été proposés pour obtenir une vitesse de combustion de l'ordre de quelques centimètres à la seconde. A ce titre, on peut citer les brevets US-A-4 144 814 et FR-A-2 464 932 qui décrivent tout particulièrement des compositions retards. Toutefois, ces compositions sont toujours initiées électriquement par fil chaud et non pas par percussion, ce qui les rend inapplicables dans les munitions ou dans les dispositifs de sécurité et d'armement. D'autre part, il est à ce jour impossible d'initier les compositions retards lorsqu'elles ont un diamétre inférieur à 3 mm.Many pyrotechnic delays have been proposed to obtain a combustion speed of the order of a few centimeters per second. As such, there may be mentioned US-A-4,144,814 and FR-A-2,464,932 which describe very late compositions. However, these compositions are always initiated electrically by hot wire and not by percussion, which makes them inapplicable in ammunition or in security and arming devices. On the other hand, it is currently impossible to initiate the delay compositions when they have a diameter of less than 3 mm.
Lors de la conception d'une munition ou d'un DSA, il est souvent avantageux de recourir à une temporisation par retard pyrotechnique. La solution habituellement adoptée consiste à définir un retard propre au système étudié, généralement un tube contenant une composition retardatrice chargée par compression. Un tel retard est fiable et précis, mais relativement encombrant. Ainsi, lorsqu'un réglage de la durée de la temporisation est nécessaire (comme pour certaines fusées de projectiles de mortier), les contraintes l'encombrement amènent à prévoir la possibilité d'initier la composition retardatrice comprimée plus ou moins près du relais d'amorçage, par déplacement mécanique d'un des éléments de la fusée (porte-retard ou porte-relais). Une telle solution n'est pas satisfaisante, car elle entraîne une certaine imprécision.When designing ammunition or DSA, it is often advantageous to use a pyrotechnic delay time delay. The solution usually adopted consists in defining a delay specific to the system studied, generally a tube containing a retarding composition loaded by compression. Such a delay is reliable and precise, but relatively bulky. Thus, when an adjustment of the duration of the delay is necessary (as for certain rockets of mortar projectiles), the constraints of the size lead to provide for the possibility of initiating the retarded composition compressed more or less close to the relay. ignition, by mechanical displacement of one of the elements of the rocket (delay carrier or relay carrier). Such a solution is not satisfactory, because it leads to a certain imprecision.
Ainsi, à l'heure actuelle, bien des problèmes de temporisation n'ont pas de solution pyrotechnique, et on doit recourir à des techniques de temporisation plus complexes (horlogères par exemple), souvent plus encombrantes et plus coûteuses.Thus, at the present time, many timing problems do not have a pyrotechnic solution, and one has to resort to more complex timing techniques (watchmaking for example), often more bulky and more expensive.
Le but de la présente invention est donc de proposer une composition d'allumage pour retard pyrotechnique amorçable par percussion, apte à s'intégrer dans une munition ou dans un dispositif d'armement et de sécurité, de diamètre réduit et de faible coût.The aim of the present invention is therefore to propose an ignition composition for pyrotechnic delay which can be initiated by percussion, capable of being integrated into ammunition or into an arming and security device, of reduced diameter and of low cost.
L'invention a donc pour objet une composition d'allumage initiable par percussion pour retard pyrotechnique, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une première composition d'amorçage par percussion et une seconde composition constituée d'un mélange de poudres de titane et de bore.The subject of the invention is therefore an ignition composition that can be initiated by percussion for pyrotechnic delay, characterized in that it comprises a first composition for ignition by percussion and a second composition consisting of a mixture of titanium and boron powders. .
La première composition peut être un comprimé de chlorate de potassium, de thyocianate de plomb, de sulfure d'antimoine et de styphnate de plomb.The first composition can be a tablet of potassium chlorate, lead thyocianate, antimony sulfide and lead styphnate.
La seconde composition peut comprendre 80% en masse de poudre de titane et 20% en masse de poudre de bore.The second composition can comprise 80% by mass of titanium powder and 20% by mass of boron powder.
La première composition peut être comprimée à une pression comprise entre 0,5.10⁸ et 2.1O⁸ Pa et la seconde composition à une pression comprise entre 0,5.10⁸ et 2,5.10⁸ Pa.The first composition can be compressed at a pressure between 0.5.10⁸ and 2.1O⁸ Pa and the second composition at a pressure between 0.5.10⁸ and 2.5.10⁸ Pa.
L'invention concerne également l'application de la composition d'allumage à la réalisation d'un cordeau retard, intégré dans une gaine métallique d'un diamètre extérieur inférieur ou égal à 3 mm, renfermant une composition pyrotechnique brûlant a une vitesse inférieure ou égale à 4 mm/s.The invention also relates to the application of the ignition composition to the production of a delay cord, integrated in a metal sheath with an external diameter less than or equal to 3 mm, containing a pyrotechnic composition burning at a lower speed or equal to 4 mm / s.
Un avantage de la présente invention réside dans l'obtention d'une composition d'allumage de faibles dimensions, simple à mettre en oeuvre et à fabriquer.An advantage of the present invention lies in obtaining an ignition composition of small dimensions, simple to implement and to manufacture.
Un autre avantage réside dans le fait que la composition d'amorçage initie des cordeaux retards de faible diamètre, c'est-à-dire inférieur ou égal à 3 mm. On peut donc mettre à profit les propriétés des compositions retards connues dans des dispositifs dans lesquels il était impossible de les utiliser jusqu'alors.Another advantage lies in the fact that the initiation composition initiates delay cords of small diameter, that is to say less than or equal to 3 mm. We can therefore take advantage of the properties of known delay compositions in devices in which it was impossible to use them until then.
Un autre avantage réside dans le fait que la composition retard est initiée sans désorganisation ou destruction de l'alvéole qui la renferme, évitant ainsi une perturbation de la chaîne pyrotechnique.Another advantage lies in the fact that the delay composition is initiated without disorganization or destruction of the cell which contains it, thus avoiding a disturbance of the pyrotechnic chain.
D'autres avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture du complément de description donné ci-après.Other advantages of the invention will appear on reading the additional description given below.
La composition retard en elle-même est bien connue de l'homme de l'art. Elle est constituée de tungstène, de chromate de baryum et de perchlorate de potassium répartis suivant les pourcentages en masse respectifs suivants et ce à titre d'exemple : 28, 62, et 1O. On met à profit les propriétés de cette composition à savoir :
- une combustion faiblement gazeuse avec un risque atténué d'éjection de résidus et de désorganisation de l'un quelconque des constituants de la chaîne pyrotechnique, voire d'endommagement du DSA,
- une sécurité d'emploi et de stockage du fait de la faible sensibilité,
- une excellente tenue au vieillissement (durée de vie) 20 ans à 20°C, excédant largement la période de stockage moyenne de la plupart des munitions et n'imposant donc pas de visite durant cette même période.The delay composition in itself is well known to those skilled in the art. It consists of tungsten, barium chromate and potassium perchlorate distributed according to the following respective percentages by mass and this by way of example: 28, 62, and 1O. We take advantage of the properties of this composition, namely:
- weakly gaseous combustion with a reduced risk of ejection of residues and disorganization of any of the constituents of the pyrotechnic chain, or even damage to the DSA,
- security of use and storage due to the low sensitivity,
- excellent resistance to aging (lifespan) 20 years at 20 ° C, greatly exceeding the average storage period of most munitions and therefore requiring no visit during this same period.
Toutefois, il est bien connu que cette composition présente l'inconvénient d'être difficile à allumer, car elle requiert une quantité de chaleur importante.However, it is well known that this composition has the drawback of being difficult to light, since it requires a large amount of heat.
Il a donc fallu définir une composition d'allumage spécifique présentant toutes les garanties de fiabilité et de sécurité et ayant un pouvoir calorifique élevé durant un laps de temps relativement important de quelques millisecondes.It was therefore necessary to define a specific ignition composition having all the guarantees of reliability and safety and having a high calorific value during a relatively long period of time of a few milliseconds.
Cet allumeur comprend une composition d'amorçage par percussion combinée à une composition titane-bore. Ces deux compositions sont connues en elles-mêmes, mais elles n'ont jamais été associées et de plus on ne connaît aucune utilisation industrielle de la composition titane-bore en pyrotechnie.This igniter comprises a percussion ignition composition combined with a titanium-boron composition. These two compositions are known in themselves, but they have never been associated and, moreover, no industrial use of the titanium-boron composition is known in pyrotechnics.
La composition titane-bore présente certaines qualités qui la rendent particulièrement apte à l'usage envisagé :
- pouvoir calorifique élevé,
- combustion rigoureusement sans gaz et donc sans risques de projection de résidus, de désorganisation du comprimé de titane-bore pouvant entraîner un mauvais contact entre cette même composition et la composition retardatrice, et empêcher ainsi la transmission de la combustion,
- produits de base (titane et bore) non pyrotechniques, de mise en oeuvre aisée et sûre, ce qui améliore la sécurité en fabrication,
- production d'un allumage de la composition retard par front de combustion.The titanium-boron composition has certain qualities which make it particularly suitable for the intended use:
- high calorific value,
- combustion rigorously without gas and therefore without risk of projection of residues, disorganization of the titanium-boron tablet which can cause poor contact between this same composition and the retarding composition, and thus prevent the transmission of combustion,
- non pyrotechnic basic products (titanium and boron), easy and safe to use, which improves manufacturing safety,
- Production of an ignition of the delayed composition by combustion front.
La granulométrie du titane et du bore n'a pas d'influence notable sur les performances de la composition d'allumage. La poudre de titane a une granulométrie moyenne de l'ordre de 15 µm et la poudre de bore de 1,2 µm.The particle size of titanium and boron has no significant influence on the performance of the ignition composition. The titanium powder has an average particle size of the order of 15 μm and the boron powder of 1.2 μm.
La composition titane-bore étant impossible à allumer par percussion, il est indispensable de prévoir une composition d'amorçage. Cette dernière est constituée par un comprimé de chlorate de potassium, de thyocianate de plomb, de sulfure d'antimoine et de styphnate de plomb. Cette composition est connue et est facile à initier par percussion. Elle est suffisamment énergétique pour initier la composition chaude de titane-bore, sans pour autant la désorganiser ni détruire l'alvéole. Son énergie de percussion est de l'ordre de 0,1 Joule et elle engendre une forte énergie de sortie, de l'ordre de 100 Joules. Enfin, la déflagration de cette composition n'est transmise ni à la composition titane-bore, ni à la composition pyrotechnique retard.The titanium-boron composition being impossible to ignite by percussion, it is essential to provide a priming composition. The latter consists of a tablet of potassium chlorate, lead thyocianate, antimony sulfide and lead styphnate. This composition is known and is easy to initiate by percussion. It is sufficiently energetic to initiate the hot titanium-boron composition, without disorganizing it or destroying the cell. Its percussion energy is around 0.1 Joule and it generates a high output energy, around 100 Joules. Finally, the deflagration of this composition is transmitted neither to the titanium-boron composition, nor to the pyrotechnic delay composition.
Ces deux compositions permettent d'obtenir un allumeur de dimension très réduite, de 4 mm de diamètre et de 5 mm de hauteur.These two compositions make it possible to obtain an igniter of very reduced dimension, of 4 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height.
On réalise donc un retard comprenant une amorce de tête sertie sur une extrémité d'une gaine métallique. Cette gaine peut être par exemple une gaine de plomb ou d'étain d'environ 3 mm de diamètre interne. L'autre extrémité de ce cordeau porte un relais de sortie, réalisé de manière connue et qui ne fera pas l'objet d'une description plus détaillée.A delay is therefore produced comprising a head primer crimped onto one end of a metal sheath. This sheath can for example be a lead or tin sheath of about 3 mm internal diameter. The other end of this cord carries an output relay, produced in a known manner and which will not be the subject of a more detailed description.
L'amorce de tête est constituée par une alvéole dans laquelle on a comprimé la première composition d'amorçage et la seconde composition. L'alvéole présente à son extrémité un trou de passage pour un percuteur, obturé par un paillet mince assurant l'étanchéité.The head primer consists of a cell in which the first priming composition and the second composition are compressed. The alveolus has at its end a passage hole for a striker, closed by a thin paillet ensuring sealing.
Industriellement, le cordeau retard est obtenu à partir d'un tube de grand diamètre que l'on coupe à une longueur déterminée et que l'on remplit ensuite de composition retardatrice. Après scellement des extrémités, on introduit ce tube dans une machine qui va le rouler entre des galets jusqu'à obtention du diamètre désiré, la longueur du cordeau étant bien sûr fonction de ce diamètre.Industrially, the delay cord is obtained from a large diameter tube which is cut to a determined length and which is then filled with retarding composition. After sealing the ends, this tube is introduced into a machine which will roll it between rollers until the desired diameter is obtained, the length of the cord being of course a function of this diameter.
A titre d'exemple, on peut obtenir des cordeaux sous gaine étain de 3 mm de diamètre externe, à partir d'un tube de 17 mm de diamètre extérieur. Au cours de cette opération, la composition retardatrice subit une compression pouvant aller jusqu'à plusieurs centaines de Pascal. Il faut noter cependant que le taux de compression de cette composition est pratiquement sans influence sur la vitesse de combustion comme l'ont montré les essais effectués.By way of example, one can obtain cords under a tin sheath with an external diameter of 3 mm, from a tube with an external diameter of 17 mm. During this operation, the retarding composition undergoes compression of up to several hundred Pascal. It should be noted, however, that the compression ratio of this composition has practically no influence on the combustion rate, as shown by the tests carried out.
Divers essais de fonctionnement ont permis de vérifier la fiabilité d'un ensemble retard pyrotechnique, de définir précisément les composants pyrotechniques et d'en optimiser les masses. Il en résulte les compositions suivantes (% exprimés en masse) :
Une cinquantaine de retards réalisés avec les proportions ci-dessus ont été tirés. Aucun raté d'allumage n'est observé bien que l'énergie de percussion soit de l'ordre de 0,1 Joule et on obtient les résultats suivants sur un cordeau de 10 cm de longueur :
Cette réalisation donne satisfaction sur le plan des performances. On teste l'ensemble en imposant des rayons de courbure minimaux. Il n'y a pas de ratés d'allumage et les temps de fonctionnement oscillent alors entre 14,54 et 15,98 s, valeurs comparables à celles obtenues avec un cordeau rectiligne. Ces essais mettent en évidence l'intéret de l'usage de compositions sans gaz, qui n'engendrent ni projections, ni destruction de la gaine du cordeau, ni non fonctionnement. Il est par ailleurs intéressant de constater une parfaite transmission de la combustion dans des conditions aussi défavorables, malgré les cassures engendrées par les pliages à courbure très faible.This achievement is satisfactory in terms of performance. The assembly is tested by imposing minimum radii of curvature. There are no misfires and the operating times then oscillate between 14.54 and 15.98 s, values comparable to those obtained with a straight line. These tests highlight the advantage of using gas-free compositions, which do not cause projections, or destruction of the sheath of the cord, or non-functioning. It is also interesting to note a perfect transmission of combustion under such unfavorable conditions, despite the breaks caused by the folds with very low curvature.
Une autre série d'essais a porté sur le fonctionnement à basse température, conditions les plus contraignantes, de quatre retards pyrotechniques mis en enceinte climatique pendant 2H3O à -4O°C. Les durées de fonctionnement varient de 14,9O s à 15,83 s, durées tout à fait comparables avec celles obtenues à température ambiante.Another series of tests focused on the operation at low temperature, the most restrictive conditions, of four pyrotechnic delays placed in a climatic chamber for 2H3O at -4O ° C. The operating times vary from 14.9O s to 15.83 s, times quite comparable to those obtained at room temperature.
Enfin, la composition retardatrice a fait l'objet d'essais de vieillissement qui laissent présager une durée de vie supérieure à 2O ans à 3O°C et 1O ans à 6O°C.Finally, the retarding composition has been the subject of aging tests which suggest a lifetime greater than 20 years at 30 ° C. and 1O years at 60 ° C.
Le retard selon l'invention peut être utilisé chaque fois que l'on désire les caractéristiques suivantes :
- combustion très lente (2 mm/s) induisant des durées de temporisation importantes pour une faible longueur de cordeau et donc une masse réduite, ce qui est important dans le cas de dispositifs embarqués,
- facilité d'intégration dans un système grâce à la flexibilité du cordeau et à son aptitude à fonctionner malgré les pliures,
- bonne reproductibilité des performances qui ne sont pratiquement pas affectées par les conditions d'utilisation,
- conservation des performances à basse température,
- bonne tenue au vieillissement.The delay according to the invention can be used whenever the following characteristics are desired:
- very slow combustion (2 mm / s) inducing long delay times for a short length of cord and therefore a reduced mass, which is important in the case of on-board devices,
- ease of integration into a system thanks to the flexibility of the cord and its ability to function despite kinks,
- good reproducibility of the performances which are practically not affected by the conditions of use,
- conservation of performance at low temperature,
- good resistance to aging.
On a testé avec succès d'autres compositions d'allumage dans lesquelles les pourcentages respectifs de titane et de bore variaient entre 68% et 32% d'une part, et 81,6% et 18,4% d'autre part. Le remplacement du titane par le zirconium permet d'obtenir les mêmes résultats.Other ignition compositions have been successfully tested in which the respective percentages of titanium and boron varied between 68% and 32% on the one hand, and 81.6% and 18.4% on the other hand. Replacing titanium with zirconium achieves the same results.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8910339 | 1989-08-01 | ||
| FR8910339A FR2650586B1 (en) | 1989-08-01 | 1989-08-01 | IGNITION COMPOSITION FOR PYROTECHNIC DELAY |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0411992A1 true EP0411992A1 (en) | 1991-02-06 |
| EP0411992B1 EP0411992B1 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
Family
ID=9384346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19900402149 Expired - Lifetime EP0411992B1 (en) | 1989-08-01 | 1990-07-26 | Ignition composition for pyrotechnic delay element |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0411992B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69003627T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2650586B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2786262B1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 2001-10-19 | Giat Ind Sa | DEVICE FOR ACTIVE PROTECTION OF A VEHICLE OR STRUCTURE WALL |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2480141A (en) * | 1944-08-22 | 1949-08-30 | Fed Cartridge Corp | Primer mixture |
| US3499386A (en) * | 1962-11-29 | 1970-03-10 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Primer |
| FR2015074A1 (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1970-04-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | |
| US4015529A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1977-04-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Illuminative and incendiary explosive munitions |
| EP0046612A2 (en) * | 1980-08-22 | 1982-03-03 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Compositions for use in heat-generating reactions |
| US4566921A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-01-28 | L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Delegue Ministeriel Pour L'armement | Priming composition which is sensitive to percussion and a method for preparing it |
-
1989
- 1989-08-01 FR FR8910339A patent/FR2650586B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-07-26 DE DE1990603627 patent/DE69003627T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-26 EP EP19900402149 patent/EP0411992B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2480141A (en) * | 1944-08-22 | 1949-08-30 | Fed Cartridge Corp | Primer mixture |
| US3499386A (en) * | 1962-11-29 | 1970-03-10 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Primer |
| FR2015074A1 (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1970-04-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | |
| US4015529A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1977-04-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Illuminative and incendiary explosive munitions |
| EP0046612A2 (en) * | 1980-08-22 | 1982-03-03 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Compositions for use in heat-generating reactions |
| US4566921A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-01-28 | L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Delegue Ministeriel Pour L'armement | Priming composition which is sensitive to percussion and a method for preparing it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69003627T2 (en) | 1994-02-24 |
| FR2650586B1 (en) | 1991-10-11 |
| FR2650586A1 (en) | 1991-02-08 |
| EP0411992B1 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
| DE69003627D1 (en) | 1993-11-04 |
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