EP0411116B1 - SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN - Google Patents

SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411116B1
EP0411116B1 EP90904373A EP90904373A EP0411116B1 EP 0411116 B1 EP0411116 B1 EP 0411116B1 EP 90904373 A EP90904373 A EP 90904373A EP 90904373 A EP90904373 A EP 90904373A EP 0411116 B1 EP0411116 B1 EP 0411116B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
textile structure
weft
yarns
warp
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP90904373A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0411116A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Aucagne
Laurent Martinet
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Brochier SA
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Brochier SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
    • D03D3/08—Arched, corrugated, or like fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a textile structure in the form of a spiral, comprising warp threads through which successive rows of weft thread have passed. It also relates to a process for weaving a textile structure in the form of a spiral.
  • pieces of fabric were made in the form of a spiral using a conventional weaving technique.
  • the warp threads coming from upstream of the weaving machine are called up by a frustoconical roll.
  • the contact surface of this roller with the fabric is a truncated cone whose generatrix is substantially equal to the width of the fabric.
  • the warp threads are arranged along helices of the same axis.
  • the rows of weft threads are arranged along the radii of the circles formed by the warp threads.
  • a comb is placed which, after each passage of the weft pass, brings together the weft thread which has just been inserted into the warp threads against the other already woven weft threads. These form, with the warp threads, the fabric which is in the form of annular turns.
  • the rows of weft thread extend over the entire width of the fabric. Being arranged along spokes, the spacing between two successive rows of weft yarn increases from the radius inside towards the outside radius of the turns of the fabric. This results in a significant variation in the fiber content in the fabric and which is all the more accentuated as the curvature and the width of the fabric are greater.
  • patent FR-2,490,687 which relates to a strip fabric of the type comprising warp threads through which successive rows of weft thread have passed, the warp threads being substantially arranged in helices of the same axis, so that the fabric forms superimposed annular turns centered on said axis, the rows of weft thread being orthogonal to the warp threads.
  • This patent recommends delimiting, in the width of the fabric, a plurality of contiguous sections.
  • Each section comprises several warp threads and can be woven independently thanks to an independent thread selection device.
  • a weaving plane is determined which indicates all of the sections to be woven at each unwinding of the weft pass.
  • each row of weft yarn extends over a set of contiguous sections determined so as to ensure, in each section crossed by a row of weft yarn, the tying points corresponding to the weave chosen for the fabric and to obtaining a predetermined filling of the fabric formed.
  • the yarn density is certainly improved compared to that of a fabric obtained by conventional weaving techniques, but it is however not yet optimal.
  • the structure of this fabric is based on the creation of contiguous sections of warp thread, the weft thread going back and forth in the sections according to a determined weaving plan. The limits between two contiguous sections serve as a reference for the return points of the weft threads.
  • each limit between two contiguous sections has a discontinuity in areal mass, the areal mass being greater on the side situated towards the outside radius of the fabric than on the side situated towards the inner radius.
  • a spiral-shaped fabric obtained according to patent FR-2 490 687 has significant variations in surface mass, particularly in the vicinity of the limits between two contiguous sections, even if the average surface mass over the entire fabric conforms to the desired mass.
  • This fabric also has variations in thickness. The fabric obtained therefore does not have good homogeneity and the appearance of this fabric as its mechanical characteristics include irregularities.
  • this method does not make it possible to obtain spiral fabric because the warp and weft threads are unwound in a plane, without it being possible to obtain superimposed and centered annular turns.
  • the curved fabric is obtained by providing additional weft strokes in a regular and sequential manner and therefore cannot have good homogeneity in thickness and areal mass. Consequently, the appearance of this fabric as well as its mechanical characteristics include irregularities.
  • the subject of the invention is a textile structure in the form of a spiral having a great uniformity in thickness and mass. surface, texture and therefore mechanical characteristics.
  • the invention therefore relates to a spiral-shaped textile structure comprising warp threads through which successive rows of weft threads have passed, the warp threads being substantially arranged in a helix of the same axis, so that the fabric forms superimposed annular turns centered on said axis.
  • each warp serves, in at least one annular zone of the textile structure, as a reference yarn for at least one weft yarn, the weft yarns of different lengths being dispersed by alternating the weft yarns of long length with those of short length and the reference yarns being distributed so as to obtain a homogeneous textile structure in said annular zone.
  • the weft threads are woven so as to provide the binding points corresponding to the chosen weave, such as twill, satin or taffeta.
  • the starting thread can vary inside the structure.
  • the invention also relates to a method of weaving a textile structure in the form of a spiral by means of a weaving machine, according to which a sheet of warp threads is positively driven by a call system located downstream of the comb, the warp threads are selected through which weft successively unwinds, and the said ply of threads is driven by a calling system comprising at least one frustoconical roller so as to obtain a textile structure in the form of a spiral.
  • each weft thread extending between a warp thread, called starting thread, and another warp thread, called reference thread, according to a radius of a turn of the textile structure, the selection in at least one annular zone of the textile structure so that each warp thread serves as a reference thread for at least one weft thread, the weft threads of different lengths being dispersed by alternating the long weft threads with those of short length and the reference threads being distributed to obtain a homogeneous textile structure in said anular zone.
  • the weft threads are woven so as to secure the binding points corresponding to the chosen weave.
  • the warp threads are individually selected, and in the other annular zones, the warp threads are selected by group.
  • the calling system is placed as close as possible to the comb.
  • the tapered roller is located closest to the comb so that its axis is parallel to the last row of unwound weft thread.
  • the fabric formed is wound in a helical arrangement.
  • Figure 1 shows, seen from above, a portion 1 of textile structure in the form of a spiral.
  • the textile structure is in the form of a band which describes a spiral of constant internal radius r and constant external radius R, r and R having the same origin: the point O which is a point on the axis aa perpendicular to the plane warp threads.
  • the width of the fabric, 1, is equal to the difference between the radii R and r.
  • the fabric is wound on itself, as it is woven, in superimposed annular turns. The winding can be carried out with manual or mechanical assistance as indicated below.
  • the textile structure is composed of warp threads 2, arranged according to helices of the same axis a-a, and of not substantially equal to the thickness of the fabric.
  • warp threads or circumferential threads, are arranged in concentric circles centered on a point on the axis a-a.
  • the textile structure further comprises weft threads 3, each weft thread being arranged along a radius of a turn of the fabric.
  • the weaving pattern of the textile structure according to the invention does not depend on the type of loom chosen, it can be of any kind: for example shuttle, lance or projectile.
  • circumferential and radial threads that can be used is varied and includes all of the types of threads used in textiles, in particular cotton, polyester, glass, carbon, polyamide, silicon carbide, boron, silica, aramid and all artificial or synthetic yarns, especially so-called "technical" yarns.
  • circumferential and radial wires are not necessarily of the same nature. It is also possible to associate different types of wires in circumferential and radial.
  • the radial and circumferential threads cross each other so as to obtain the weave previously chosen for the textile structure.
  • This weave can be any, for example twill, satin or taffeta.
  • the number of circumferential and radial threads per unit of length can be adjusted to meet the predetermined characteristics of the fabric; in particular, this adjustment can be made as a function of the orientation of the forces to which the piece incorporating the textile structure will be subjected.
  • each weft thread round trip carries one of the letters from A to S by reference, while the warp threads are referenced from 1 to 17.
  • the circumferential thread from which the weaving is organized - or starting thread - is the thread 17 which corresponds to the outer edge of the fabric.
  • the starting thread can be any one of the warp threads.
  • This starting wire is chosen according to the technical characteristics which one wishes to obtain on the final part. It can also be noted that the starting thread is not necessarily the same throughout the textile structure, it is possible to choose different starting threads in portions of the textile structure of determined length. The starting thread can in particular be chosen as a function of the position, in the textile structure, of a possible reinforced zone.
  • the radial threads are arranged so as to obtain a textile structure of great homogeneity.
  • the weaving of the textile structure according to the invention is not based on the creation of contiguous sections of several circumferential threads.
  • Each warp yarn is treated independently, using at least one independent yarn selection device, as indicated below.
  • Each weft thread extends between the warp thread 17 or starting thread, and another warp thread which will be designated by reference thread.
  • This reference thread is the thread on which the weft thread is returned in the case where the weaving loom used is a shuttle loom.
  • the reference thread therefore corresponds to what is designated by return point or increase point of the associated weft thread.
  • each of the circumferential wires 1 to 17 serves as a reference wire for at least one radial wire.
  • wire A has for reference wire wire 4;
  • wire N has as reference wire wire 8.
  • each circumferential thread serves as a reference thread for at least one radial thread.
  • FIG. 4 which represents a textile structure, not in accordance with the invention, woven in such a way that a single circumferential thread, here thread 4 serves as a reference for all the radial threads, it becomes clear that this textile structure is not homogeneous.
  • the fiber content notably has a significant discontinuity around the reference wire 4.
  • the fiber content decreases appreciably from the wire 4 towards the outside radius R and increases from the wire 4 towards the inside radius r.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a textile structure not in accordance with the invention in which there is no dispersion of the increase or alternation points between the relatively long weft threads and those relatively short, we see that in this type of textile structure, decontextured areas appear.
  • the textile structure according to the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 3, makes it possible to avoid such decontextured zones.
  • each warp thread serves as reference thread for at least one weft thread and that the points of increase or return are distributed to obtain a homogeneous structure.
  • the program or the weaving plan of the textile structure is determined so that these two conditions are met, by calculation, according to the technical characteristics which it is desired to obtain for the textile structure. Those skilled in the art may possibly use computer means to perform this calculation.
  • the textile structure in the form of a spiral according to the invention is not necessarily present over the entire surface of a piece of fabric in the form of a spiral.
  • the piece of fabric will have the homogeneity that the invention allows.
  • the weave chosen for the fabric has no appreciable influence on the weaving plane of the textile structure according to the invention as far as the surface mass is concerned.
  • a weaving plane determined for a first textile structure woven with a given weave so that this textile structure in particular has a given homogeneous surface mass, can be used for a second textile structure woven with three different weaves, like that illustrated in FIG. 6, insofar as the surface mass of this second structure is practically identical to that of the first structure.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 An exemplary embodiment of a weaving machine, making it possible to produce the textile structure according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • This selection system may consist of one or more devices of the mechanical Jacquard type, these devices being such that each thread is controlled independently of the others, this selection system then making an individual selection of the warp threads.
  • this selection system can also comprise in combination one or more individual selection devices for warp threads for weaving said annular zone, and one or more selection devices for groups of threads (for example: rake system, eccentrics, etc.), for weaving from other areas.
  • roller 11 rotates in the direction of the arrow 13 while the roller 12 rotates in the direction of the arrow 14.
  • the surfaces of the rollers 11 and 12 are made non-slip by coating them for example with a sheet of canvas emery or a layer of rubber, possibly with reliefs.
  • the call system 10 is preferably placed as close as possible to the comb 8.
  • the portion of fabric included between the comb 8 and the line of first contact between the fabric and the roller 11 undergoes deformations, in particular the fact that the warp threads are called according to different lengths while they are linked by a weft thread. These deformations have a negligible influence when the comb 8 and the call system are closest to each other.
  • the tapered roller 11 located closest to the comb can be placed in different ways.
  • this (or these) roller (s) is (are) arranged so as to come into engagement with the roller 11 and possibly the others rollers, regardless of the position of the roller 11.
  • the process of weaving a textile structure in the form of a spiral by means of a weaving machine such as that which has just been described, consists in driving upstream or downstream, or positively, a layer of threads. chain thanks to a call system located downstream of the comb.
  • This calling system comprises at least one roll of frustoconical shape: thus the fabric takes a curvature which gives it a helical shape. It is then wound manually or by means of a receiving device, known to those skilled in the art.
  • each warp thread extending between a warp thread, called starting thread and another warp thread, called thread reference.
  • the selection is carried out individually using thread selection means such as the system 7. It is carried out so that each warp thread serves as a reference for at least one weft thread and so that the threads of reference are distributed to obtain a homogeneous textile structure.
  • weft threads so as to ensure the binding points corresponding to the chosen weave, it being understood that, as indicated above, it is possible to choose different weaves corresponding to different annular zones of the textile structure.
  • the weaving process can also be used to produce a spiral fabric having the textile structure according to the invention on only an annular zone.
  • the warp threads are selected individually in this annular area and by group of threads in the other areas.
  • spiral fabric A or C is obtained by the technique according to the invention and the other, designated below by spiral fabric B or D, is obtained by the technique of patent FR-2 490 687.
  • the spiral fabric B To make the comparison concerning the thickness of the fabrics, we have chosen for the spiral fabric B, to produce a fabric comprising three contiguous sections, delimited by the internal radius r, the external radius R and two intermediate radii r3 and r4, such that r ⁇ r3 ⁇ r4 ⁇ R, r4 being close to the middle of the fabric, while r3 is close to the interior radius r.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the comparison that can be made between the spiral fabric A and the spiral fabric B.
  • Figure 9a relates to the spiral fabric A while Figure 9b relates to the spiral fabric B.
  • Figure 9b relates to the spiral fabric B.
  • These two figures are graphs, plotted on the abscissa , the radius rn of the fabric and on the ordinate, its thickness e.
  • the minimum thickness of the spiral fabric A is designated by ep tissu, by ep2 the maximum thickness of the spiral fabric A, by ep3 the minimum thickness of the spiral fabric B and by ep4 the maximum thickness of the spiral fabric B.
  • spiral fabric A has a much more regular thickness than that of the spiral fabric B.
  • the spiral fabric B was produced with two intermediate radii r3 and r4, respectively equal to 100 and 200 mm.
  • the regularity of thickness of the spiral fabric A will be particularly appreciated in the case where it is desired to stack many spiral fabrics on top of each other, while respecting good flatness.
  • the thickness irregularities are smaller and above all located randomly in the tissue.
  • the differences in thickness will compensate for each other in a structure made from fabrics A.
  • the spiral fabric B in the form of a fabric comprising two contiguous sections, delimited by the inner radius r, the outer radius R and an intermediate radius r5.
  • the spiral fabric D was produced with an intermediate radius r5 equal to 250 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Textilstruktur in Form einer Spirale mit Kettfäden, quer zu denen aufeinanderfolgende Reihen von Schußfäden geführt sind, wobei die Kettfäden im wesentlichen in Schneckenlinien um die gleiche Achse derart angeordnet sind, daß die Textilstruktur Windungen bildet, die ringförmig übereinander konzentrisch um diese Achse angeordnet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass, da jeder Schußfaden zwischen einem Kettfaden, der als Ausgangsfaden bezeichnet wird, und einem anderen Kettfaden, der als Bezugsfaden bezeichnet wird, längs eines Radius einer Windung der Textilstruktur verläuft,
       jeder Kettfaden in wenigstens einer Ringzone der Textilstruktur als Bezugsfaden für mindestens einen Schußfaden dient wobei die Schußfäden verschiedener Länge so verteilt sind, daß Schußfäden großer Länge mit solchen geringer Länge abwechseln, und die Bezugsfäden so verteilt sind, daß man eine homogene Textilstruktur in dieser Ringzone erhält.
  2. Textilstruktur nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Schußfäden derart gewebt sind, daß Bindungspunkte entsprechend der gewünschten Bindung erhalten werden, wie Köperbindung, Satin oder Taft.
  3. Textilstruktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Ausgangsfaden im Innern der Struktur variieren kann.
  4. Verfahren zum Weben einer Textilstruktur in Form einer Spirale mittels einer Maschine zum Weben, gemäß dem man eine Fläche von Kettfäden durch ein Antriebssystem, das hinter dem Webblatt angeordnet ist, zwangsläufig vorwärtsbewegt, die Kettfäden auswählt, quer zu denen man aufeinanderfolgend Schußfäden abwickelt, und man diese Fläche von Fäden durch ein Antriebssystem weiterbewegt, das wenigstens eine kegelstumpfförmige Rolle umfaßt, so daß man eine Textilstruktur in Form einer Spirale erhält, wobei dieses Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man, da jeder Schußfaden zwischen einem Kettfaden, der als Ausgangsfaden bezeichnet wird, und einem anderen Kettfaden, der als Bezugsfaden bezeichnet wird, längs eines Radius einer Windung der Textilstrukt.ur verläuft, die Auswahl in wenigstens einer Ringzone der Textilstruktur derart ausführt, daß jeder Kettfaden als Bezugsfaden für mindestens einen Schußfaden dient, wobei die Schußfäden verschiedener Länge so verteilt sind, daß die Schußfäden großer Länge mit denen geringer Länge abwechseln, und die Bezugsfäden so verteilt sind, daß man eine homogene Textilstruktur in dieser Ringzone erhält.
  5. Verfahren zum Weben nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man die Schußfäden so webt, daß Bindungspunkte entsprechend der gewählten Bindung erhalten werden.
  6. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man verschiedene Ausgangsfäden im Innern der Textilstruktur wählt.
  7. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man wenigstens in dieser Ringzone einzeln die Kettfäden auswählt.
  8. Verfahren zum Weben nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß in den anderen Ringzonen Kettfäden in Gruppen ausgewählt werden.
  9. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man das Antriebssystem (10) so nahe wie möglich am Webblatt (8) anordnet.
  10. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man,
    da das Antriebssystem wenigstens eine kegelstumpfförmige Rolle umfaßt, die kegelstumpfförmige Rolle (11), die so nahe wie möglich am Webblatt (8) angeordnet ist, so anordnet, daß das hinter dem Webblatt (8) ausgebildete Gewebe in einer Ebene liegt, die zur Antriebsrolle (11) eine Tangente längs einer Mantellinie (15) bildet.
  11. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man die kegelstumpfförmige Rolle (11), die sehr nahe am Webblatt (8) angeordnet ist, so anordnet , daß ihre Achse parallel zur letzten Reihe von abgewickelten Schußfäden liegt.
  12. Verfahren zum Weben nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß man das ausgebildete Gewebe in einer spiralförmigen Anordnung aufwickelt.
EP90904373A 1989-02-27 1990-02-26 SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN Expired - Lifetime EP0411116B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8902519 1989-02-27
FR8902519A FR2643656B1 (fr) 1989-02-27 1989-02-27 Structure textile en forme de spirale, procede d'obtention et machine a tisser correspondante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0411116A1 EP0411116A1 (de) 1991-02-06
EP0411116B1 true EP0411116B1 (de) 1993-12-22

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EP90904373A Expired - Lifetime EP0411116B1 (de) 1989-02-27 1990-02-26 SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN SPIRALFöRMIGE TEXTILSTRUKTUR UND FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5242745A (de)
EP (1) EP0411116B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03504401A (de)
CA (1) CA2027580A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69005389T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2047921T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2643656B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1990010103A1 (de)

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FR454993A (fr) * 1913-02-28 1913-07-19 Jean Marie Denis Méthode de tissage de tissus cintrés
FR2414087A1 (fr) * 1978-01-10 1979-08-03 Antczak Ludwik Tissage des tissus de formes courbes, le procede et le dispositif pour le tissage de tels tissus
FR2490687A1 (fr) * 1980-09-24 1982-03-26 Coisne Lambert Ets Tissu de forme speciale, procede et machine a tisser un tel tissu

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2865797A1 (de) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-29 Gustav Gerster GmbH & Co. KG Bandgewebe mit vorgebbarer Krümmung

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US5242745A (en) 1993-09-07
FR2643656A1 (fr) 1990-08-31
JPH03504401A (ja) 1991-09-26
WO1990010103A1 (fr) 1990-09-07
CA2027580A1 (en) 1990-08-28
EP0411116A1 (de) 1991-02-06
ES2047921T3 (es) 1994-03-01
DE69005389D1 (de) 1994-02-03
FR2643656B1 (fr) 1992-02-14
DE69005389T2 (de) 1994-06-23

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