EP0409943A1 - Injection pump for diesel engines. - Google Patents
Injection pump for diesel engines.Info
- Publication number
- EP0409943A1 EP0409943A1 EP90902108A EP90902108A EP0409943A1 EP 0409943 A1 EP0409943 A1 EP 0409943A1 EP 90902108 A EP90902108 A EP 90902108A EP 90902108 A EP90902108 A EP 90902108A EP 0409943 A1 EP0409943 A1 EP 0409943A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- control
- bore
- sleeve
- edge
- auxiliary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/24—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke
- F02M59/243—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movement of cylinders relative to their pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection pump for diesel engines, in which at least one pump piston forms a high-pressure chamber with a pump piston sleeve and is surrounded by a control sleeve, the angular position between the pump piston and control sleeve being variable for quantity adjustment, and an axial bore in the pump piston providing the high-pressure chamber with a Control bore or with a groove forming a control edge and a control edge for ending the injection process, which cooperates with a control edge or control bore of the control sleeve.
- DE-OS 35 90 194 describes different variants of a series pump, in one embodiment a radial bore of the piston with a control edge and a control edge of the control sleeve and in another embodiment a groove on the piston with a control bore fed by a radial bore the control sleeve interacts.
- DE-OS 36 30 647 describes a pump nozzle, in the injection pump of which a groove on the piston fed by a radial bore cooperates with a control bore of the control sleeve.
- a radial bore of the pump piston interacts with the control edges of the control sleeve.
- the control sleeve can also be moved axially to adjust the start of injection.
- the throttling effect is also noticeable as damping when it is turned off. Although damped deactivation at the end of the injection is generally desired, it is undesirable for the maximum injection quantity because the injection process takes a little too long, which leads to incomplete combustion.
- a suction or supply bore separate from a discharge bore is provided, that the pump piston or the control sleeve has, in addition to the existing control bore, an auxiliary control bore which passes through the control bore earlier than or simultaneously with the control bore the control edge assigned to it is completely covered and which is not released by the control edge in front of the control bore, and that the control bores can be connected to the discharge bore.
- the auxiliary control bore reduces the throttle effect, which leads to the reflection of the pressure wave, and reduces the speed of the decrease in the control cross-section during deactivation.
- pre-delivery only occurs at a much higher speed, which is usually already above the nominal speed.
- the speed of the decrease in cross-section is even lower because the auxiliary control bore is completely covered even somewhat earlier than the control bore. Due to the reduced throttling effect, suddenly occurring injections are avoided at zero delivery and higher speeds.
- the auxiliary control bore is not opened before the control bore during the control, the control times remain unchanged and the useful stroke is fully preserved. The injection process is thus terminated by opening the control bore, a subsequent pressure reduction or opening of the auxiliary control bore at the earliest at the same time making it possible to achieve a faster pressure reduction and an improved closing characteristic.
- the auxiliary control bore is disposed in a position relative to the Steuer ⁇ bore speaks a larger injection amount ent, and it will be the auxiliary control bore and the Steuer ⁇ bore of a common startup edge simultaneously 0 it the auxiliary control bore earlier than the Control bore completely covered. That means blending both control holes through the control edge is finished simultaneously or almost simultaneously. That leads to minor
- Construction costs and particularly simple manufacture, because only a precisely machined control edge is required.
- the diameter of the auxiliary control bore is chosen to be larger than that of the control bore. This is possible without changing the control times because the control edge is at an angle and the auxiliary control bore lies at the position of the control bore corresponding to a larger injection quantity. This further reduces the throttling effect and prevents the dynamic effects, such as pre-delivery or injection at zero delivery, even more reliably. Furthermore, it is possible to adjust the idling more finely, because the presence of two bores of different diameters at possibly substantially the same height means that only a very small quantity variation can be achieved with a relatively large angle of rotation of the control sleeve or pump piston.
- control edge can be designed such that its slope decreases at the end corresponding to the maximum injection quantity or becomes zero or negative. As a result, in this extreme state, both control bores are released from the control edge, as a result of which the injection pressure drops more quickly and the injection duration becomes somewhat shorter, thereby preventing incomplete combustion.
- control bores are arranged in the pump piston and the control edges in the control sleeve, which is advantageous in terms of production technology.
- the grooves forming the control edges are arranged in the pump piston and the control bores in the control sleeve, and both grooves are each connected to the SIMMS axial bore in the pump piston via a separate radial bore.
- This variant generally has the advantage that the control sleeve has no control edges, but only control holes, and is therefore more rigid. Due to the separate radial bores at different heights of the pump piston, the throttle length of the axial bore is reduced and the possibility is gained to additionally influence the dose effect, particularly with regard to minimal throttling when opening.
- the auxiliary control bore is arranged in the direction of the pump axis above or below the control bore in the piston or in the control sleeve, and the control sleeve or the pump piston has two control edges at the same distance as the control bore and auxiliary control bore.
- This embodiment has the further advantage over the first embodiment that the radial bores (control bores or feed lines to the grooves) leading away from the axial SIMMS bore of the piston lie at different heights and the cross-section of the piston is thereby less weakened and the Pressure waves in the SIMMS bore at different times at the
- control bores are arranged in the pump piston and the control edges in the control sleeve. If in one variant control bore and auxiliary control bore in the control sleeve and
- Control edges are arranged in the piston, the control sleeve is structurally less weakened.
- a second control edge is preferably arranged in such a way that it is only reached by the auxiliary bore with a maximum injection quantity, as a result of which a shortened injection duration at full load can also be achieved in this embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an injection nozzle according to the invention in a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a section along the line AA in FIG. 1 in an enlarged view
- FIG. 3 shows detail B of FIG. 1, developed and enlarged
- FIG. 4 shows a variant the first embodiment in 0 longitudinal section
- FIG. 5 shows a section along the line DD in FIG. 4 in an enlarged view
- FIG. 6 shows the detail C of FIG. 4, developed and enlarged
- FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the injection pump according to the invention in longitudinal section
- FIG. 8 shows detail E of FIG. 8, developed and enlarged
- FIG. 9 shows a variant of the second embodiment
- FIG. 10 shows a section along line FF in FIG. 9.
- 1 denotes a pump piston bushing with a recess 2, 3 a control sleeve inserted into this recess, which is rotated, for example, to the quantity position and raised and lowered for injection adjustment, 4 a separating sleeve surrounding the pump piston bushing 1, 5 a driven by a camshaft, not shown
- Pump piston 6 a high-pressure chamber, 7 a schematically indicated inlet bore or feed bore, 8 a high-pressure bore, which is connected to a nozzle needle chamber (not shown), and 9 a discharge bore for the fuel produced when the valve is turned off.
- Open-up means the closing of the control openings, with which the pressure build-up in the high-pressure chamber 6 and consequently the injection begins; under control, the opening of the control openings, whereby the injection is stopped.
- the pump piston 5 has an axial bore 11 extending from its end face 10, which is connected to a radial control bore 12 and a likewise radial auxiliary control bore 13.
- the control sleeve 3 has an upper control edge 15 which extends horizontally all round and forms the control edge, and an inclined control edge 17 which forms a window 16.
- the control sleeve 3 is shown in a position 14 which corresponds to an early start of injection.
- the position 14 ', 17' indicated by dashed lines corresponds to a late start of spraying.
- Fig. 2 it can be seen that the control bore 12 and the auxiliary control bore 13 form an angle with each other and that the bores are designed as through bores. This corresponds to a doubling of the control elements, even if the control sleeve 3 contains two windows 16 rotated by 180 ° with respect to one another.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically the associated arrangement of the control elements in a settlement.
- the control sleeve 3 is only symbolized by the control edge 15 and the control edge 17 forming the window 16.
- a rotation of the control sleeve corresponds to a shift to the left or right in the illustration.
- the pump piston 5 is ⁇ which indicated only by the control hole 12 and the auxiliary control bore 13 in different layers.
- the position 20 of the control bore 12 corresponds to the top dead center of the pump piston 5 at zero delivery, the position 23 the bottom dead center. In position 21, the control bore just grinds over the control edge 15 and the control edge 17. However, because of their small distance, it is never completely covered, so that there is no funding (zero funding).
- the auxiliary control bore 13 occupies the position 22 at this time. Since this is also never completely covered, its free cross-section contributes to the fact that even at high speed there is no promotion by dynamic effects.
- the open cross-section is still very large shortly before the shutdown due to the presence of two bores, in other words that the control bore 12 and the auxiliary control bore 13 lie in such a way that they are completely or simultaneously covered are, that is, at this moment the control edge 15 touches both control holes or the auxiliary control hole slightly earlier.
- the diameter of the auxiliary control bore 13 is selected so that it is not released from the control edge 17 in front of the control bore 12.
- the auxiliary control bore 13 is thus “in the shadow” of the control bore 12 with respect to the control edge 17. As a result, it does not come into effect during the control and the entire working area is thus preserved.
- the movement conditions are reversed according to FIG. 4.
- the control sleeve 3 now has a control bore 40 and an auxiliary control bore 41, but instead the pump piston 5 has a control groove 42 and a control groove 44 on its jacket, which form a control edge 43 and a control edge 45.
- the grooves 42, 44 are connected via a radial bore 46 and possibly also a further radial bore 47 to the axial bore 11 in the interior of the piston 5.
- FIG. 5 shows the control bores 40, 41 in cross section, the piston 5 being in the position in which the control groove 42 is at the same height as the control bores 40, 41.
- FIG. 6 again shows schematically a development of the piston jacket in a somewhat modified form, in which the grooves 42, 44 are not connected to one another, but are each connected to the axial bore 11 through the radial bores 46, 47.
- the control bore 40 and the auxiliary control bore 41 are shown in dash-dotted lines.
- the control edge 45 merges into a horizontal part 48 for zero delivery on the left and into a horizontal part 49 for maximum injection quantity on the right. Everything else is analogous to FIG. 3.
- the auxiliary control bore 51 is located under the control bore 50. Both are in this embodiment, for example, in the piston and open into the axial bore 11.
- the control sleeve 3 has a control edge 52, an auxiliary control edge 53, which cooperates with the auxiliary control bore 51, and a control edge 54.
- the edges 53, 54 form a window 55, which is also offset by 180 ° can be duplicated if it is also the control bores 50, 51.
- the auxiliary control bore 51 can also be larger than the control bore 50, although the overall height increases somewhat.
- the associated sequence of movements is shown schematically in FIG.
- the positions 50, 51 of the control bores correspond to the top dead center of the piston at medium load, the opening is just completed in positions 50 ', 51', the positions 57, 58 shown in dotted lines proving immediately beforehand that here too the Pre-promotion preventing effect occurs.
- the positions 50 ′′, 51 ′′ correspond to the bottom dead center of the piston movement.
- the positions 70, 71 occur at zero delivery, the throttling effect also being reduced here by the addition of the second bore 71.
- the positions 80, 81 correspond to the control at full load, with accelerated deactivation taking place here also due to the interaction of the auxiliary control bore 81 with the auxiliary control edge 56, which shortens the injection duration.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a variant of the second embodiment, in which the movement conditions are reversed again.
- the control sleeve 3 has a control bore 60 and an auxiliary control bore 61
- the pump piston 5 on its outer surface has a control groove 62, an auxiliary control groove 63, an expanded control groove 64 and radial bores 65, which control grooves 62, 63, 64 connect with the axial bore.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Une pompe d'injection de carburant pour moteurs diesel comprend au moins un piston (5) qui forme avec une douille (1) de piston une chambre de haute pression (6) et qui est entouré par un manchon de régulation (3). La position angulaire du piston (5) par rapport au manchon de régulation (3) est variable, ce qui permet de régler la quantité de carburant. Un alésage axial (11) ménagé dans le piston (5) met en communication la chambre de haute pression (6) avec un alésage de régulation (12) ou avec une rainure qui forme un bord de début et de fin de régulation, pour mettre fin à l'injection, et qui coopère avec un bord de régulation (15, 17) ou avec un alésage de régulation du manchon de régulation (3). Un alésage d'évacuation (9) est séparé d'un alésage d'aspiration ou d'alimentation (7). Outre l'alésage de régulation (12), le piston (5) ou le manchon de régulation (3) comprennent un alésage auxiliaire de régulation (13) qui est entièrement recouvert par le bord de début de régulation associé (15) avant ou en même temps que l'alésage de commande (12) et qui n'est pas dégagé par le bord de fin de régulation (17) avant l'alésage de régulation (12). Les alésages de régulation (12, 13) peuvent être reliés à l'alésage d'évacuation (9).A fuel injection pump for diesel engines comprises at least one piston (5) which together with a piston sleeve (1) forms a high pressure chamber (6) and which is surrounded by a regulating sleeve (3). The angular position of the piston (5) relative to the regulating sleeve (3) is variable, which makes it possible to adjust the quantity of fuel. An axial bore (11) formed in the piston (5) places the high pressure chamber (6) in communication with a regulating bore (12) or with a groove which forms an edge for the start and end of regulation, to put end of injection, and which cooperates with a regulating edge (15, 17) or with a regulating bore of the regulating sleeve (3). A discharge bore (9) is separated from a suction or supply bore (7). In addition to the regulation bore (12), the piston (5) or the regulation sleeve (3) include an auxiliary regulation bore (13) which is completely covered by the associated regulation start edge (15) before or in same time as the control bore (12) and which is not cleared by the end of regulation edge (17) before the regulation bore (12). The regulating bores (12, 13) can be connected to the discharge bore (9).
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90902108T ATE97996T1 (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1990-01-30 | INJECTION PUMP FOR DIESEL ENGINES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3902670A DE3902670A1 (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1989-01-30 | INJECTION PUMP FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
DE3902670 | 1989-01-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0409943A1 true EP0409943A1 (en) | 1991-01-30 |
EP0409943B1 EP0409943B1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
Family
ID=6373063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90902108A Expired - Lifetime EP0409943B1 (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1990-01-30 | Injection pump for diesel engines |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5160088A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0409943B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3902670A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990008892A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5713520A (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1998-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fast spill device for abruptly ending injection in a hydraulically actuated fuel injector |
DE10048365B4 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2005-01-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Cartridge-type ammunition i.e. garnet ammunition, has projectile and casing that are connected over connection, where connection has membrane with breaking point or opening point opened during preset pressure in high pressure chamber |
CA2689820A1 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-13 | Miva Engineering Ltd. | Reciprocating pump |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE940384C (en) * | 1938-07-01 | 1956-03-15 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
DE848438C (en) * | 1943-12-12 | 1952-09-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Injection pump, especially for internal combustion engines |
CH319362A (en) * | 1953-03-05 | 1957-02-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Piston fuel injection pump |
DD124932A1 (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1977-03-23 | ||
DE2609724A1 (en) * | 1976-03-09 | 1977-09-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection pump with pressure deloader valve - has lift pump pressure by-passed to delivery chamber between delivery strokes to smooth out pressure impulses |
DE3143073A1 (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | INJECTION PUMP WITH ADJUSTABLE SPRAYING POINT |
DE3411407A1 (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1985-10-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | PUMP NOZZLE FOR FUEL INJECTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
JPH0541262Y2 (en) * | 1985-04-17 | 1993-10-19 | ||
DE3533014A1 (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1987-03-26 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INPUTING THE FUEL INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A DIESEL ENGINE |
DE3709245A1 (en) * | 1986-03-22 | 1987-09-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines |
DE3630647A1 (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-02-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE3633899A1 (en) * | 1986-10-04 | 1988-04-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DD256167A1 (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1988-04-27 | Barkas Werke Veb | FUEL INJECTION PUMP WITH ROLLING STEERING EDGE |
-
1989
- 1989-01-30 DE DE3902670A patent/DE3902670A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-01-30 WO PCT/AT1990/000014 patent/WO1990008892A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-01-30 EP EP90902108A patent/EP0409943B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-30 US US07/613,659 patent/US5160088A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-30 DE DE90902108T patent/DE59003665D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9008892A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0409943B1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
WO1990008892A1 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
US5160088A (en) | 1992-11-03 |
DE59003665D1 (en) | 1994-01-13 |
DE3902670A1 (en) | 1990-08-02 |
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Legal Events
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