EP0409393A2 - Heating mats - Google Patents

Heating mats Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0409393A2
EP0409393A2 EP90305912A EP90305912A EP0409393A2 EP 0409393 A2 EP0409393 A2 EP 0409393A2 EP 90305912 A EP90305912 A EP 90305912A EP 90305912 A EP90305912 A EP 90305912A EP 0409393 A2 EP0409393 A2 EP 0409393A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
sheets
heating element
layer
mat according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90305912A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0409393A3 (en
Inventor
Michelle Wild
Trevor Vindin
Erich Halim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metal Manufactures Ltd
Original Assignee
Metal Manufactures Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metal Manufactures Ltd filed Critical Metal Manufactures Ltd
Publication of EP0409393A2 publication Critical patent/EP0409393A2/en
Publication of EP0409393A3 publication Critical patent/EP0409393A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heating mats for animals, in particular pigs, incorporating an electrical heating element.
  • pig heating mats it will be appreciated that the invention may be used for a variety of applications.
  • Pigs are normally kept in small pens of concrete construction to enable ease of cleaning and maintenance.
  • Floors may also consist of steel wire mesh, wooden or plastic slats or a combination of different materials. This has the disadvantage of providing a somewhat cold environment, particularly in countries having severe winter conditions. Such an environment is particularly hazardous to young piglets.
  • the present invention seeks to overcome or at least ameliorate the problems of the prior art by providing a mat with a flat constant temperature heating element.
  • a heating mat having a heating element and a cover encapsulating said heating element, the heating element comprising a flat member, said member comprising a layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film, at least one of said sheets of plastic film having connecting means for supplying an electric current through the layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol, and power connection means passing from the heating element to the exterior of said cover for supplying electric current to said heating element connecting means.
  • the mat 4 contains a heating element 5 comprising a layer 6 consisting of a mixture of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film 7 and 8, in this case polyethylene terephtalate.
  • a fibre layer of polyethylene terephtalate 9 and 10 is provided on the inside surface of the plastic sheets 7 and 8.
  • a pair of metal foil strip electrodes 11 and 12 are provided down each side of the element in contact with the layer 6 and sandwiched between sheets 7 and 8.
  • the lower surface may be covered with a sheet of reflective aluminium foil or other suitable material (not shown).
  • the heating element 5 is encapsulated between two sheets of fibreglass material to provide a tough durable outer cover 13 to the mat. Electric power is conveyed to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the heating element or elements by means of cable 14 having a stainless steel coil sleeve 15 to protect the cable against damage from the pigs or vermin. The sleeve 15 is tightly coiled to prevent dirt accumulating around the cable 14.
  • an aperture 16 is formed in the edge of the mat cover 13 by raising the upper layer of fibre glass 13′.
  • the cable 14 and its associated sleeve 15 are firmly and sealingly fixed into the aperture 16 to provide a moisture and dirt resistant seal.
  • the cable wires are connected internally to the respective electrodes 11 and 12.
  • the heating elements 5 are typically formed as individual strips 900mm long x 96mm wide x 380 microns thick.
  • the elements can also be produced as assembled heating units according to customer specifications for width and length.
  • the elements may be joined using 5mm wide strips of flat copper ribbon allowing full coverage of an area for uniform heat.
  • a polyester film rated at 5000 volts may be used as a form of double insulation.
  • the film is ultrasonically welded to produce a "bag" which can be made to fit the individual heating strips or varying sized assemblies. It is also possible to encase the elements in various outer materials for waterproofing and water resistance.
  • the standard temperatures are typically 55°C and 35°C. Other temperatures can be developed merely by varying the composition of the carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture.
  • the standard voltages are currently 12 volt and 240 volt. Other voltages are also available by varying the components of the heating element. Volts Temperature°C Watts/CM2 Watts/900mm Strip 12 55 0.039 33.7 12 35 0.013 11.2 240 55 0.039 33.7 240 35 0.013 11.2 NOTE: It is possible to increase the watts/Cm2 power output by reducing the spacing of the copper electrodes on the element strip.
  • Figure 4 shows a typical power consumption and temperature performance graph of a mat illustrating the constant power consumption and temperature characteristics of the heating elements.
  • the flat heating element is made up of a carbonaceous-­polyethylene glycol mixture and is melted for extrusion between two durable sheets of polyester. These sheets are typically 96mm in width and are prepared typically with adhesive 5mm wide copper electrode strips.
  • Heating elements are produced off the line in lengths of typically 900mm as individual strips which can be joined together to provide various sized assemblies.
  • the typical ratings of the heating mats at 240 volts/50Hz are 75 watts starting power and 15 watts consumption or 125 watts starting power and 25 watts consumption both at an operating temperature of approximately 32°C.
  • the heating elements are unique in three ways: -
  • the elements have a set temperature which is determined by the composition of the conductive carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture. As a result they will not overheat and do not require thermostatic control devices which represent a potential source of breakdown and an extra cost.
  • the elements self regulate in order to achieve an equilibrium between the built in temperature and that of the surrounding environment. If one area of the element is cold more current will be drawn to increase the temperature of that specific area. An increase in the current drawn only applies in that area and not across the whole element which therefore allows for energy efficiency.
  • the elements operate by using a positive temperature coefficient. That is, as the elements heat up, the resistance of the element increases directly. As the resistance increases the current is lowered and the temperature is maintained. Only a small amount of electrical current is required to maintain the set temperature.
  • the invention provides significant advantages over prior art mats including: - uniform heat over the desired surface area. - safety - the elements won't heat past the set temperature which is inherent in the carbonaceous polyethylene glycol mixture itself. - low power consumption - low operating costs. - energy efficient - self regulates to the surrounding environmental temperature. - a set temperature which is determined by the molecular composition of the carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture. This enables the elements to function without the use of thermostatic control devices which are a potential source of breakdown and on extra cost. - silent, no maintenance/moving parts - no maintenance - invisible heat source - the thin element strips are easily concealed between materials.
  • the carbonaceous material in the composition with polyethylene glycol can for example take the form of graphite, or graphitic powder such as coke particles or can be carbon black.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A heating mat having a flat, constant temperature heating element. The heating element comprises a flat sheet consisting of a layer of composite graphite carbon and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film. One of said sheets of plastic film having a strip conductor for connecting an electric current across the layer of composite graphite carbon and polyethylene glycol. The heating element is encapsulated by a cover to form the mat.

Description

  • The present invention relates to heating mats for animals, in particular pigs, incorporating an electrical heating element. Although the invention will be described in relation to pig heating mats it will be appreciated that the invention may be used for a variety of applications.
  • Pigs are normally kept in small pens of concrete construction to enable ease of cleaning and maintenance. Floors may also consist of steel wire mesh, wooden or plastic slats or a combination of different materials. This has the disadvantage of providing a somewhat cold environment, particularly in countries having severe winter conditions. Such an environment is particularly hazardous to young piglets.
  • To solve this problem heated mats have been developed along the lines of electric blankets used by humans. These known mats have the disadvantage of being susceptible to damage by the pigs or vermin and normally require complicated control systems to provide adequate temperature control. These systems employ wire elements which when employed in a flat mat tend to cause localized hot spots are susceptible to damage if kinked or bent.
  • The present invention seeks to overcome or at least ameliorate the problems of the prior art by providing a mat with a flat constant temperature heating element.
  • According to the present invention, there is provided a heating mat having a heating element and a cover encapsulating said heating element,
    the heating element comprising a flat member, said member comprising a layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film, at least one of said sheets of plastic film having connecting means for supplying an electric current through the layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol,
    and power connection means passing from the heating element to the exterior of said cover for supplying electric current to said heating element connecting means.
  • A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    • Figures 1A and 1B show a plan and cross-sectional view respectively, of the heating element used in the mat according to the invention;
    • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the mat according to the invention;
    • Figures 3A and 3B show a partial plan and cross-­section respectively of power cable connection to the mat of Figure 2; and
    • Figure 4, shows a graph of the power consumption and temperature performance across time of a typical mat according to the invention.
  • Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the mat 4 contains a heating element 5 comprising a layer 6 consisting of a mixture of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film 7 and 8, in this case polyethylene terephtalate. A fibre layer of polyethylene terephtalate 9 and 10 is provided on the inside surface of the plastic sheets 7 and 8. A pair of metal foil strip electrodes 11 and 12 are provided down each side of the element in contact with the layer 6 and sandwiched between sheets 7 and 8. To assist transfer of heat to the upper surface of the heating element, the lower surface may be covered with a sheet of reflective aluminium foil or other suitable material (not shown).
  • The heating element 5 is encapsulated between two sheets of fibreglass material to provide a tough durable outer cover 13 to the mat. Electric power is conveyed to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the heating element or elements by means of cable 14 having a stainless steel coil sleeve 15 to protect the cable against damage from the pigs or vermin. The sleeve 15 is tightly coiled to prevent dirt accumulating around the cable 14.
  • Referring to Figure 3, an aperture 16 is formed in the edge of the mat cover 13 by raising the upper layer of fibre glass 13′. The cable 14 and its associated sleeve 15 are firmly and sealingly fixed into the aperture 16 to provide a moisture and dirt resistant seal. The cable wires are connected internally to the respective electrodes 11 and 12.
  • The heating elements 5 are typically formed as individual strips 900mm long x 96mm wide x 380 microns thick.
  • They can also be produced as assembled heating units according to customer specifications for width and length. The elements may be joined using 5mm wide strips of flat copper ribbon allowing full coverage of an area for uniform heat.
  • A polyester film rated at 5000 volts may be used as a form of double insulation. The film is ultrasonically welded to produce a "bag" which can be made to fit the individual heating strips or varying sized assemblies. It is also possible to encase the elements in various outer materials for waterproofing and water resistance.
  • The standard temperatures are typically 55°C and 35°C. Other temperatures can be developed merely by varying the composition of the carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture.
  • The standard voltages are currently 12 volt and 240 volt. Other voltages are also available by varying the components of the heating element.
    Volts Temperature°C Watts/CM² Watts/900mm Strip
    12 55 0.039 33.7
    12 35 0.013 11.2
    240 55 0.039 33.7
    240 35 0.013 11.2
    NOTE: It is possible to increase the watts/Cm² power output by reducing the spacing of the copper electrodes on the element strip.
  • Figure 4 shows a typical power consumption and temperature performance graph of a mat illustrating the constant power consumption and temperature characteristics of the heating elements.
  • The flat heating element is made up of a carbonaceous-­polyethylene glycol mixture and is melted for extrusion between two durable sheets of polyester. These sheets are typically 96mm in width and are prepared typically with adhesive 5mm wide copper electrode strips.
  • Heating elements are produced off the line in lengths of typically 900mm as individual strips which can be joined together to provide various sized assemblies.
  • The typical ratings of the heating mats at 240 volts/50Hz are 75 watts starting power and 15 watts consumption or 125 watts starting power and 25 watts consumption both at an operating temperature of approximately 32°C.
  • The heating elements are unique in three ways:
    - The elements have a set temperature which is determined by the composition of the conductive carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture. As a result they will not overheat and do not require thermostatic control devices which represent a potential source of breakdown and an extra cost.
    - The elements self regulate in order to achieve an equilibrium between the built in temperature and that of the surrounding environment. If one area of the element is cold more current will be drawn to increase the temperature of that specific area. An increase in the current drawn only applies in that area and not across the whole element which therefore allows for energy efficiency.
    - Low power consumption after reaching the elements' set temperature.
  • The elements operate by using a positive temperature coefficient. That is, as the elements heat up, the resistance of the element increases directly. As the resistance increases the current is lowered and the temperature is maintained. Only a small amount of electrical current is required to maintain the set temperature.
  • It will be appreciated that the invention provides significant advantages over prior art mats including:
    - uniform heat over the desired surface area.
    - safety - the elements won't heat past the set temperature which is inherent in the carbonaceous polyethylene glycol mixture itself.
    - low power consumption - low operating costs.
    - energy efficient - self regulates to the surrounding environmental temperature.
    - a set temperature which is determined by the molecular composition of the carbonaceous/polyethylene glycol mixture. This enables the elements to function without the use of thermostatic control devices which are a potential source of breakdown and on extra cost.
    - silent, no maintenance/moving parts
    - no maintenance
    - invisible heat source - the thin element strips are easily concealed between materials.
  • The carbonaceous material in the composition with polyethylene glycol can for example take the form of graphite, or graphitic powder such as coke particles or can be carbon black.

Claims (10)

1. A heating mat having a heating element and a cover encapsulating said heating element,
the heating element comprising a flat member, said member comprising a layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film, at least one of said sheets of plastic film having connecting means for supplying an electric current through the layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol,
and power connection means passing from the heating element to the exterior of said cover for supplying electric current to said heating element connecting means.
2. A heating mat having a plurality of heating elements and a cover encapsulating said heating elements
the heating elements each comprising a flat sheet comprising a layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol sandwiched between two sheets of plastic film, at least one of said sheets of plastic film having connecting means for supplying an electric current through the layer of carbonaceous material and polyethylene glycol,
and power connection means passing from said heating elements to the exterior of said cover for supplying electric current to each said heating element connecting means.
3. A heating mat according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said sheets of plastic film are of polyethylene terephtalate and a fibre layer of polyethylene terephtalate is provided on the inside surface of said plastic sheets.
4. A heating mat according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said means for connecting an electric current comprise a pair of metal foil strip electrodes provided down each side of the element in contact with said layer and sandwiched between said plastic sheets.
5. A heating mat according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein said power connection means comprises an electric cable having a metal coil sleeve surrounding that portion of the cable external to the mat so as to protect the cable against damage.
6. A heating mat according to claim 5 wherein said sleeve sealingly engages a socket formed in said mat cover, said socket having an opening to allow connection of said cable to said connecting means.
7. A heating mat according to claims 5 or 6 wherein said sleeve is formed of stainless steel.
8. A heating mat according to any preceding claim wherein one surface of said flat sheet is covered, at least partly, with a sheet of heat reflective material.
9. A heating mat according to any preceding claim wherein said cover is formed of fibreglass material.
10. A heating mat according to any preceding claim wherein the carbonaceous material is powdered graphite or graphitic material.
EP19900305912 1989-07-17 1990-05-31 Heating mats Withdrawn EP0409393A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ531089 1989-07-17
AU5310/89 1989-07-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0409393A2 true EP0409393A2 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0409393A3 EP0409393A3 (en) 1992-01-15

Family

ID=3774066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900305912 Withdrawn EP0409393A3 (en) 1989-07-17 1990-05-31 Heating mats

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0409393A3 (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997038555A1 (en) * 1996-04-11 1997-10-16 Smolyaninov, Andrei Nikolaevich Flexible flat heater and method for realising the same
WO2007008734A2 (en) 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Carbonic Heat Corporation A plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
EP1847784A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-24 Ching-Song Chen Heating device with thin heating boards
US7690366B1 (en) 2009-05-18 2010-04-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Throttle valve and method of producing the same
US7955542B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2011-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method of producing a throttle assembly
CN106162957A (en) * 2016-09-07 2016-11-23 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Fire-retardant carbon crystal heating panel and preparation method thereof
RU168017U1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-01-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИМПУЛЬС" Thermoelectric mat
CN106376109A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-01 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Anti-aging carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method therefor
CN106376111A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-01 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method therefor
CN106413145A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-15 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 High-tenacity carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
CN106455153A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Flame-retardant carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
CN106455152A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and manufacturing method thereof
CN106455155A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
RU2811643C1 (en) * 2023-07-07 2024-01-15 Игорь Сергеевич Белышев Thermoelectric mat for heating water-insulating carpet when repairing roll roofs

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106413150A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-15 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 High-tenacity carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0078937A1 (en) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-18 General Electric Company Reinforced thermoplastic composition
US4629584A (en) * 1984-09-11 1986-12-16 Shigeyuki Yasuda Composition of heat-sensitive electrosensitive substances and a panel heater made therefrom
EP0219678A1 (en) * 1985-09-18 1987-04-29 Shigeyuki Yasuda Method for controlling steady state exothermic temperature in the use of heat sensitive-electrically resistant composites
EP0223444A2 (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-05-27 COLLINS & AIKMAN CORPORATION Electrical heating pad with antistatic surface
US4717812A (en) * 1985-05-21 1988-01-05 Shigma, Inc. Planar heat generator
EP0376195A1 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Shigeyuki Yasuda Method of producing a self-temperature control flexible plane heater

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0078937A1 (en) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-18 General Electric Company Reinforced thermoplastic composition
US4629584A (en) * 1984-09-11 1986-12-16 Shigeyuki Yasuda Composition of heat-sensitive electrosensitive substances and a panel heater made therefrom
US4717812A (en) * 1985-05-21 1988-01-05 Shigma, Inc. Planar heat generator
EP0219678A1 (en) * 1985-09-18 1987-04-29 Shigeyuki Yasuda Method for controlling steady state exothermic temperature in the use of heat sensitive-electrically resistant composites
EP0223444A2 (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-05-27 COLLINS & AIKMAN CORPORATION Electrical heating pad with antistatic surface
EP0376195A1 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Shigeyuki Yasuda Method of producing a self-temperature control flexible plane heater

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997038555A1 (en) * 1996-04-11 1997-10-16 Smolyaninov, Andrei Nikolaevich Flexible flat heater and method for realising the same
US8138457B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2012-03-20 Carbonic Heat Corporation Plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
WO2007008734A2 (en) 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Carbonic Heat Corporation A plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
CN101496445B (en) * 2005-07-12 2012-06-20 碳热公司 A plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
JP2009507330A (en) * 2005-07-12 2009-02-19 カーボニック・ヒート・コーポレイション Plate type heater and manufacturing method thereof
EP1907759A4 (en) * 2005-07-12 2010-03-24 Carbonic Heat Corp A plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
EP1907759A2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2008-04-09 Carbonic Heat Corporation A plate-type heater and a method for the manufacture thereof
EP1847784A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-24 Ching-Song Chen Heating device with thin heating boards
US7690366B1 (en) 2009-05-18 2010-04-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Throttle valve and method of producing the same
US7955542B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2011-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method of producing a throttle assembly
RU168017U1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-01-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИМПУЛЬС" Thermoelectric mat
CN106376109A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-01 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Anti-aging carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method therefor
CN106376111A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-01 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method therefor
CN106413145A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-15 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 High-tenacity carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
CN106455153A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Flame-retardant carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
CN106455152A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and manufacturing method thereof
CN106455155A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-02-22 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Bendable carbon crystal heating plate and preparation method thereof
CN106162957A (en) * 2016-09-07 2016-11-23 芜湖桑乐金电子科技有限公司 Fire-retardant carbon crystal heating panel and preparation method thereof
RU2811643C1 (en) * 2023-07-07 2024-01-15 Игорь Сергеевич Белышев Thermoelectric mat for heating water-insulating carpet when repairing roll roofs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0409393A3 (en) 1992-01-15

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