US3749886A - Electrical heating pad - Google Patents
Electrical heating pad Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3749886A US3749886A US00204860A US3749886DA US3749886A US 3749886 A US3749886 A US 3749886A US 00204860 A US00204860 A US 00204860A US 3749886D A US3749886D A US 3749886DA US 3749886 A US3749886 A US 3749886A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- conductive sheet
- envelope
- conductive
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical group [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0001—Body part
- A61F2007/0039—Leg or parts thereof
- A61F2007/0045—Foot
Definitions
- An electrically conductive sheet of flexible material includesconductive particles and channel-shaped electrodes are provided on opposite ends and are connected by lead wires to a power source.
- a flexible'insulating envelope is bonded to and protects the conductive sheet. Holes may be provided in the conductive sheet to facilitate bonding between the protective cover and the conductive sheet.
- the conductive particles may be carbon and the sheet may be formed from fibrous material or rubbeL
- the protective sheet may be moldedfrom plastic or rubber having a very low carbon content.
- One of the most important uses is for maintaining a battery at the optimum temperature level to maximize the battery power available for starting engines.
- the heating pad of this invention contains no wires or ribbons and will not develop hot spots and burn out: There is basically nothingto breakfandcanKbecome partially damaged and still function. Theelectrical properties remain unchanged by the unit being exposed to dampness and then redrying. Further, repeated flexing has little effect on the electrical properties.
- the conductive element has uniform conductivity from point to point over the element regardless of the direction of current flow. Also, very important is the fact that the heater unit can be produced more inexpensively than a conventional wire-wound heater unit.
- the heater unit of this invention includes a sheet of conductive material which is highly flexible and has channel-shaped electrodes at opposite ends connected to lead lines adapted to be connected to a power source.
- the heatingv pad includes a flexible electrically conductive sheet 12. Suitable materials include rubber having carbon particles impregnated therein in sufficient quantities to make the sheet electrically conductive. Temsheet produced by Armstrong Cork Company, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, is also acceptable.
- a channel-shaped electrode 14 is secured to the opposite ends of'the sheet 12 and bonded in place by any suitable means such as the staples l6, seen in FIG. 2.
- the electrodes 14 are preferably brass.
- An electrical lead line 16 includes one line 18 connected to one electrode while the other line 20 is connected to the opposite electrode 14.
- a rivet and solder connection 22 is used for connecting the lead line wires I envelope 24 of insulating material such as rubber hav-' ing no carbon or very little carbon.
- a flexible plastic may also be used.
- the conductive sheet 12 is com-- pletely sealed within the protective envelope 24 by a molding or vulcani zing process. Openings 26 are pro-.
- the use of synthetic natural rubber or plastic in the envelope 24 provides resistance and protection against the action of solvents, acids, and moisture making the heating pad very suitable for industrial applications including the warming of batteries. "It is further seen that there is essentially nothing to break in this heatingpad as there are no wires or ribbons to break. Further, the" carbon impregnated resistance sheet of the battery heater of this invention can be produced more economically than a wound-wire battery' heater.
- An electrical heating pad comprising,
- an electrically conductive sheet of flexible material an envelope of electrically insulative flexible material molded onto and enclosing said sheet, said envelope having a size larger than said sheet so that said.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
An electrically conductive sheet of flexible material includes conductive particles and channel-shaped electrodes are provided on opposite ends and are connected by lead wires to a power source. A flexible insulating envelope is bonded to and protects the conductive sheet. Holes may be provided in the conductive sheet to facilitate bonding between the protective cover and the conductive sheet. The conductive particles may be carbon and the sheet may be formed from fibrous material or rubber. The protective sheet may be molded from plastic or rubber having a very low carbon content.
Description
United States Patent [1 1 Michaelsen ELECTRICAL HEATING PAD [75] Inventor: Dwight W. Michaelsen, Columbus,
Nebr.
[73] Assignee: Dale Electronics, Inc., Columbus,
Nebr.
22 Filed: Dec. 6, 1971 2 11 Appl. No.: 204,860
521 U.S. 01...; 219/s 28', 2197541, 2'19/543,
219/549, 338/212 [51] Int. Cl. 1105b 3/36 [58] Field of Search 219/211, 212, 213,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,458,184 1/1949 Marick 219/543 X 3,344,385 9/1967 Bartos et a1 338/212 3,535,494 10/1970 Armbruster.. 219/528 3,558,858 1/1971 Luger, Jr. 219/528 3,627,981 12/1971 Kuhn 219/549 X 3,697,728 10/1972 Stirzenbecher 219/548 2,473,183 6/1949 Watson 219/543 2,688,070
8/1954 Freedlander 219/528 [451 July 31, 1973 Glicksman 219/528 X 3,281,579 10/1966- 3,367,851 2/1968 Filreis et al. 204/2 3,283,284 11/1966 Eisler 338/212 2,938,992 5/1960 Crump 219/528 3,385,959 5/1968 Ames et 219/549 2,559,077 7/1951 Johnson et a1..... 219/543 2,952,761 9/1960 Smith-Johannsen.. 219/541 3,359,524 12/1967 Gallacher et a1. 219/528 X Primary Examiner-,-Volodymyr Y. Mayewsky Attorney- Zar1ey, McKeejtitThomte 1 I [5 7 ABSTRACT An electrically conductive sheet of flexible material includesconductive particles and channel-shaped electrodes are provided on opposite ends and are connected by lead wires to a power source. A flexible'insulating envelope is bonded to and protects the conductive sheet. Holes may be provided in the conductive sheet to facilitate bonding between the protective cover and the conductive sheet. The conductive particles may be carbon and the sheet may be formed from fibrous material or rubbeLThe protective sheet may be moldedfrom plastic or rubber having a very low carbon content.
1 Claim, 2 Drawing Figures ELECTRICAL HEATING PAD Portable heaters are commonly used in and out of doors. Inside they may be used for a desk top warmer, desk foot warmer, foot stool warmer or for heating pads. Winter conditions outside make them desirale for windshield deicers, seat warmers and cat and dog house warmers.
One of the most important uses is for maintaining a battery at the optimum temperature level to maximize the battery power available for starting engines.
The heating pad of this invention contains no wires or ribbons and will not develop hot spots and burn out: There is basically nothingto breakfandcanKbecome partially damaged and still function. Theelectrical properties remain unchanged by the unit being exposed to dampness and then redrying. Further, repeated flexing has little effect on the electrical properties. The conductive element has uniform conductivity from point to point over the element regardless of the direction of current flow. Also, very important is the fact that the heater unit can be produced more inexpensively than a conventional wire-wound heater unit.
The heater unit of this invention includes a sheet of conductive material which is highly flexible and has channel-shaped electrodes at opposite ends connected to lead lines adapted to be connected to a power source.
This invention consists in the construction, arrangements and combination of the various parts of the device, whereby the-objects contemplated-are attained as hereinafter more fully set forth, specifically pointed out in the claims, and illustrated inthe accompanying ally in FIG. 1 by the reference numeral 10. The heatingv pad includes a flexible electrically conductive sheet 12. Suitable materials include rubber having carbon particles impregnated therein in sufficient quantities to make the sheet electrically conductive. Temsheet produced by Armstrong Cork Company, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, is also acceptable. A channel-shaped electrode 14 is secured to the opposite ends of'the sheet 12 and bonded in place by any suitable means such as the staples l6, seen in FIG. 2. The electrodes 14 are preferably brass.
An electrical lead line 16 includes one line 18 connected to one electrode while the other line 20 is connected to the opposite electrode 14. A rivet and solder connection 22 is used for connecting the lead line wires I envelope 24 of insulating material such as rubber hav-' ing no carbon or very little carbon. A flexible plastic may also be used. The conductive sheet 12 is com-- pletely sealed within the protective envelope 24 by a molding or vulcani zing process. Openings 26 are pro-.
vided in the sheet 12 to further facilitate the bonding of the envelope material to the conductive resistance sheet 12. I
I I It is seen in FIG-2 that'the electrodesl4-are inwardly, j.
spaced from the outer adjacent edges of the envelope 24 and thus provide extra protection at the ends of the heating pad and in particularly provide flexible support for the electrical lead line 16 to minimize stress and strain at the electrodes 14.
It is seen that the use of synthetic natural rubber or plastic in the envelope 24 provides resistance and protection against the action of solvents, acids, and moisture making the heating pad very suitable for industrial applications including the warming of batteries. "It is further seen that there is essentially nothing to break in this heatingpad as there are no wires or ribbons to break. Further, the" carbon impregnated resistance sheet of the battery heater of this invention can be produced more economically than a wound-wire battery' heater.
I claim: Q 1. An electrical heating pad comprising,
an electrically conductive sheet of flexible material an envelope of electrically insulative flexible material molded onto and enclosing said sheet, said envelope having a size larger than said sheet so that said.
sheet is completely enclosed therein, t said conductive sheet having a plurality of openings formed therein which receive the flexible material said conductive sheet being stapled together. i 4
, a: k a: a: e
Claims (1)
1. An electrical heating pad comprising, an electrically conductive sheet of flexible material having electrically conductive particles uniformly disposed throughout said sheet, an electrode secured to opposite ends of said sheet, said electrodes being channel shaped and the opposite edges of said conductive sheet are received in said channel-shaped electrodes, an electrical lead wire connected to each of said electrodes, and an envelope of electrically insulative flexible material molded onto and enclosing said sheet, said envelope having a size larger than said sheet so that said sheet is completely enclosed therein, said conductive sheet having a plurality of openings formed therein which receive the flexible material of said envelope to bond the envelope to said conductive sheet said channel-shaped electrodes and said conductive sheet being stapled together.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US20486071A | 1971-12-06 | 1971-12-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3749886A true US3749886A (en) | 1973-07-31 |
Family
ID=22759752
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00204860A Expired - Lifetime US3749886A (en) | 1971-12-06 | 1971-12-06 | Electrical heating pad |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3749886A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4104509A (en) * | 1975-09-23 | 1978-08-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Self-regulating heating element |
US4240212A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1980-12-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Thermal signature targets |
US4250397A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1981-02-10 | International Paper Company | Heating element and methods of manufacturing therefor |
US4485297A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1984-11-27 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrical resistance heater |
US4534886A (en) * | 1981-01-15 | 1985-08-13 | International Paper Company | Non-woven heating element |
US4542285A (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-09-17 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrical heater |
US4574186A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1986-03-04 | Totoku Electric Co., Ltd. | Heating sheet |
DE3433702A1 (en) * | 1984-09-13 | 1986-03-20 | Buchtal Gmbh, 8472 Schwarzenfeld | WALL, CEILING AND / OR FLOOR TRAINING AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
WO1986002228A1 (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-04-10 | Flexwatt Corporation | Flexible electric sheet heater |
US4593181A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-06-03 | Raychem Corporation | Heating element having deformed buss bars |
US4665304A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1987-05-12 | Spencer A George | Anti-condensation mirror |
WO1991011891A1 (en) * | 1990-01-24 | 1991-08-08 | Hastings Otis | Electrically conductive laminate for temperature control of surfaces |
EP0852514A1 (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1998-07-15 | Robbins Scientific Corporation | Reciprocating bath shaker |
US5925275A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1999-07-20 | Alliedsignal, Inc. | Electrically conductive composite heater and method of manufacture |
US20100200558A1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-12 | Liu Ying-Hsiung | Electrical heating blanket |
US20140091074A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-04-03 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Electrically heatable carrier and panel radiator, and method for the production thereof |
Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2458184A (en) * | 1944-01-15 | 1949-01-04 | Us Rubber Co | Electrically conducting panel |
US2473183A (en) * | 1947-07-16 | 1949-06-14 | Bates Mfg Co | Electrically conductive fabric |
US2559077A (en) * | 1946-07-01 | 1951-07-03 | Carl G Westerberg | Resistance element and method of preparing same |
US2688070A (en) * | 1950-03-14 | 1954-08-31 | Dayton Rubber Company | Electrically heated mattress construction |
US2938992A (en) * | 1958-04-18 | 1960-05-31 | Electrofilm Inc | Heaters using conductive woven tapes |
US2952761A (en) * | 1957-04-02 | 1960-09-13 | Chemelex Inc | Electrically conductive laminated structure and method of making same |
US3281579A (en) * | 1964-04-21 | 1966-10-25 | Multi Flex Seats Inc | Conductive rubber heating mantle |
US3283284A (en) * | 1961-01-20 | 1966-11-01 | Eisler Paul | Electrical heating film |
US3344385A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1967-09-26 | Dow Corning | Flexible resistance element with flexible and stretchable terminal electrodes |
US3359524A (en) * | 1963-11-11 | 1967-12-19 | Ioco Ltd | Flexible heating elements |
US3367851A (en) * | 1964-04-09 | 1968-02-06 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Non-woven conductive paper mat |
US3385959A (en) * | 1964-05-29 | 1968-05-28 | Ici Ltd | Flexible heating elements |
US3535494A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | 1970-10-20 | Fritz Armbruster | Electric heating mat |
US3558858A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1971-01-26 | Delta Control Inc | Flexible planar heating unit adapted for mounting on complex curved surfaces |
US3627981A (en) * | 1968-11-09 | 1971-12-14 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Areal heating element |
US3697728A (en) * | 1968-12-13 | 1972-10-10 | Air Plastic Service Gmbh | Heating devices |
-
1971
- 1971-12-06 US US00204860A patent/US3749886A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2458184A (en) * | 1944-01-15 | 1949-01-04 | Us Rubber Co | Electrically conducting panel |
US2559077A (en) * | 1946-07-01 | 1951-07-03 | Carl G Westerberg | Resistance element and method of preparing same |
US2473183A (en) * | 1947-07-16 | 1949-06-14 | Bates Mfg Co | Electrically conductive fabric |
US2688070A (en) * | 1950-03-14 | 1954-08-31 | Dayton Rubber Company | Electrically heated mattress construction |
US2952761A (en) * | 1957-04-02 | 1960-09-13 | Chemelex Inc | Electrically conductive laminated structure and method of making same |
US2938992A (en) * | 1958-04-18 | 1960-05-31 | Electrofilm Inc | Heaters using conductive woven tapes |
US3283284A (en) * | 1961-01-20 | 1966-11-01 | Eisler Paul | Electrical heating film |
US3359524A (en) * | 1963-11-11 | 1967-12-19 | Ioco Ltd | Flexible heating elements |
US3367851A (en) * | 1964-04-09 | 1968-02-06 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Non-woven conductive paper mat |
US3281579A (en) * | 1964-04-21 | 1966-10-25 | Multi Flex Seats Inc | Conductive rubber heating mantle |
US3385959A (en) * | 1964-05-29 | 1968-05-28 | Ici Ltd | Flexible heating elements |
US3344385A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1967-09-26 | Dow Corning | Flexible resistance element with flexible and stretchable terminal electrodes |
US3535494A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | 1970-10-20 | Fritz Armbruster | Electric heating mat |
US3627981A (en) * | 1968-11-09 | 1971-12-14 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Areal heating element |
US3697728A (en) * | 1968-12-13 | 1972-10-10 | Air Plastic Service Gmbh | Heating devices |
US3558858A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1971-01-26 | Delta Control Inc | Flexible planar heating unit adapted for mounting on complex curved surfaces |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4104509A (en) * | 1975-09-23 | 1978-08-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Self-regulating heating element |
US4250397A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1981-02-10 | International Paper Company | Heating element and methods of manufacturing therefor |
US4240212A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1980-12-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Thermal signature targets |
US4485297A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1984-11-27 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrical resistance heater |
US4534886A (en) * | 1981-01-15 | 1985-08-13 | International Paper Company | Non-woven heating element |
US4574186A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1986-03-04 | Totoku Electric Co., Ltd. | Heating sheet |
US4593181A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-06-03 | Raychem Corporation | Heating element having deformed buss bars |
US4542285A (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-09-17 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrical heater |
US4665304A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1987-05-12 | Spencer A George | Anti-condensation mirror |
WO1986001672A1 (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-13 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrical heater |
DE3433702A1 (en) * | 1984-09-13 | 1986-03-20 | Buchtal Gmbh, 8472 Schwarzenfeld | WALL, CEILING AND / OR FLOOR TRAINING AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
WO1986002228A1 (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-04-10 | Flexwatt Corporation | Flexible electric sheet heater |
WO1991011891A1 (en) * | 1990-01-24 | 1991-08-08 | Hastings Otis | Electrically conductive laminate for temperature control of surfaces |
US5925275A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1999-07-20 | Alliedsignal, Inc. | Electrically conductive composite heater and method of manufacture |
EP0852514A1 (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1998-07-15 | Robbins Scientific Corporation | Reciprocating bath shaker |
EP0852514A4 (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1998-12-02 | Robbins Scient Corp | Reciprocating bath shaker |
US20100200558A1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-12 | Liu Ying-Hsiung | Electrical heating blanket |
US20140091074A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-04-03 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Electrically heatable carrier and panel radiator, and method for the production thereof |
US8859939B2 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-10-14 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Electrically heatable carrier and panel radiator, and method for the production thereof |
US9061656B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2015-06-23 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Panel heating element and method for producing same |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, BANK HAPOALIM, B.M. AND BAN Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DALE ELECTRONICS, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004510/0078 Effective date: 19851031 Owner name: MANUFACTURERS BANK OF DETROIT, A NATIONAL BANKING Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DALE ELECTRONICS, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004510/0078 Effective date: 19851031 |