EP0409287B1 - Vacuum pump with displacement space - Google Patents

Vacuum pump with displacement space Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0409287B1
EP0409287B1 EP90116358A EP90116358A EP0409287B1 EP 0409287 B1 EP0409287 B1 EP 0409287B1 EP 90116358 A EP90116358 A EP 90116358A EP 90116358 A EP90116358 A EP 90116358A EP 0409287 B1 EP0409287 B1 EP 0409287B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
shaft
drive
cup
pump according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90116358A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0409287A1 (en
Inventor
Hanns-Peter Dr. Berges
Hartmut Kriehn
Wolfgang Leier
Ralf Steffens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers und Leybold Deutschland Holding AG
Original Assignee
Leybold AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG filed Critical Leybold AG
Priority to DE90116358T priority Critical patent/DE3789556D1/en
Priority to EP90116358A priority patent/EP0409287B1/en
Publication of EP0409287A1 publication Critical patent/EP0409287A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0409287B1 publication Critical patent/EP0409287B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/123—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially or approximately radially from the rotor body extending tooth-like elements, co-operating with recesses in the other rotor, e.g. one tooth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/02—Arrangements of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C27/008—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids for other than working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
    • F04C27/009—Shaft sealings specially adapted for pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/005—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/50—Bearings
    • F04C2240/52—Bearings for assemblies with supports on both sides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum pump with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a vacuum pump of the generic type is known from FR-A-12 90 239.
  • the rotors rotate about vertical axes and are each mounted on a housing-fixed mandrel that passes through the respective rotor from the outlet side.
  • the upper bearings of the rotors on the respective mandrel are pot-shaped.
  • the pots, which are open at the top, are covered with caps that rotate with the rotors.
  • the known pump has one stage. In order to be able to store the rotors exactly on the inlet side, their mandrels fixed to the housing must be very solid. In the case of a multi-stage vacuum pump, the bearing principle of a “housing-fixed mandrel that penetrates the entire rotor system” would lead to an extremely complex structure.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a twin-shaft vacuum pump of the type mentioned, which is relatively compact and in which an effective separation of the rooms in which the inlet-side bearings are located from the pumping chambers is ensured.
  • the invention preferably relates to a twin-shaft vacuum pump in which all rotor pairs are equipped with rotary lobes of the claw type (Northey profile).
  • the invention can also be used in twin-shaft vacuum pumps with rotors of a different design (root profile, screw profile or any combination of all of the profiles mentioned).
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a three-stage vacuum pump 1 with two shafts 2 and 3 and three rotor pairs 4, 5 or 6, 7 or 8, 9.
  • the axial length of the rotors decreases from the suction side to the pressure side .
  • the rotary pistons are of the claw type (see FIG. 2) and rotate in the scoops 11, 12, 13, which are formed by the shields 14 to 17 and the housing rings 18 to 20.
  • the shafts 2, 3 are arranged vertically. This also applies to the drive motor 22 arranged next to the pump housing. Below the lower bearing plate 17, the shafts 2, 3 are equipped with gear wheels 23, 24 of the same diameter, which synchronize the movement of the rotor pairs 4, 5 or 6, 7 or 8 , 9 serve.
  • the drive motor 22 also has a gearwheel 25 on its underside. The drive connection is established by a further gear 26, which is in engagement with the gears 24 and 25.
  • the shafts 2, 3 are supported by roller bearings 27.
  • the upper end plate 14 is equipped with a horizontally arranged connecting flange 28, which forms the inlet 29 of the pump.
  • the inlet channel 31 opens at the end (opening 32) into the scoop chamber 11 of the first stage.
  • the end opening of the first stage is designated 33 and leads into the connecting duct 34.
  • the connecting duct 34 located in the shield 15 is connected to the inlet opening 35 of the second stage.
  • the end shield 16 is designed accordingly.
  • Below the lowest (third) pump stage is the outlet 36, which is connected to the front outlet opening 37 in the lower end shield 17.
  • An oil-containing space 40 formed by a common shaft trough 41, is provided below the system consisting of the pump housing and motor.
  • An oil pump 42 connected to the shaft 2 projects into this shaft trough 41.
  • Lubricant channels not shown in detail, extend from the oil pump to the points of the pump (bearings, engagements of the gear wheels 23 to 26, oil seals or the like) which require oil lubrication .
  • cooling water channels 43 and 44 are provided in the side plates 14 and 17. Cooling water inlet and outlet are designated 45 and 46.
  • the cooling water inlet 45 is arranged at the lowest point of the channel system 43, 44, so that a simple cooling water drain is possible and complete emptying is ensured.
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a two-stage two-shaft vacuum pump according to the invention.
  • the drive motor 22 is arranged below the pump. Its shaft 51 forms an axial extension of the shaft 2.
  • the motor shaft 51 and pump shaft 2 are expediently formed in one piece.
  • the drive motor 22 is water-cooled and for this purpose equipped with a double-walled housing 52.
  • the cooling channel 53 thus formed is connected to the cooling system 43 to 46 of the pump housing.
  • the connecting lines required for this are designated 54 and 55.
  • the synchronization wheels 23, 24 and the oil chamber 40, into which the oil pump 42 projects, are located between the drive motor 22 and the lower end plate 17.
  • the oil pump 42 is coupled to the drive shaft 3.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 3 has a small overall height despite the pump housing and the drive motor lying axially one behind the other, since on the one hand the pump and motor have a common shaft and - because of the water cooling - the drive motor does not require a cooling fan. A separate engine mounting can also be omitted.
  • the cooling water inlet is arranged as far down as possible on the motor housing 52, so that it can be used as a cooling water outlet in a simple manner. A complete drainage of the entire cooling system is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 4 is a single-stage two-shaft vacuum pump with a drive motor 22 arranged next to it.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that a belt or chain drive (the latter is shown) can be used.
  • the shaft 3 of the vacuum pump and the shaft 51 of the motor 22 are equipped with gear wheels 56 and 57 and connected to one another via a chain, not shown in detail.
  • the advantage of this solution is that speed differences (e.g. drive motors with 50 or 60 Hz) can be compensated for in a simple manner.
  • drives of this type have the advantage of better damping.
  • FIG. 4 shows a special feature which relates to the design of the mounting of the shafts 2, 3 in the end shield 14.
  • essentially cylindrical fitting pieces 61, 62 are connected, which have a pot-shaped design 63 on the end face.
  • the shaft ends themselves or the end faces of the rotors can also be equipped with this cup-shaped design 63.
  • a cylindrical stump 65 which is fastened to a housing cover 66, projects into the respective pot-shaped space from above.
  • the bearing 27 is supported with its inner bearing ring on the fixed stump 65 and with its outer bearing ring on the inner wall of the cup-shaped design.
  • the cylindrical adapters 61, 62 form with the surrounding walls of the bearing plate 14 a gap seal, the z. B. can be formed as a labyrinth seal 67 (with piston rings located in the grooves). This ensures an effective separation of the storage rooms from the usually oil-free delivery rooms.
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged bearing arrangement of the type described in relation to FIG. 4.
  • a rotating ring 68 is provided above the bearing ring 27, which almost completely closes the storage space from the outside. A centrifugal effect also occurs. Lubricant reaching the ring 68 is conveyed outwards and thus back into the storage space.
  • a shaft sealing ring 69 is provided above the bearing 27, which also closes the storage space.
  • the sealing lip of the shaft sealing ring 68 lies against the stump 65 when the shaft 2, 3 is stationary. If the shaft rotates, the sealing lip lifts off from the shaft end 65, so that the seal becomes contactless.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vakuumpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a vacuum pump with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Eine Vakuumpumpe der gattungsgemäßen Art ist aus der FR-A-12 90 239 bekannt. Im Schöpfraum befinden sich zwei Rotoren mit ineinandergreifenden Spiralen. Die Rotoren drehen sich um vertikale Achsen und sind jeweils auf einem gehäusefesten Dorn gelagert, der den jeweiligen Rotor von der Auslaßseite her durchsetzt. Die oberen Lagerungen der Rotoren auf dem jeweiligen Dorn sind topfförmig gestaltet. Die nach oben offenen Töpfe sind mit Kappen abgedeckt, die sich mit den Rotoren drehen. Die vorbekannte Pumpe ist einstufig. Um die Rotoren auch einlaßseitig exakt lagern zu können, müssen ihre gehäusefesten Dorne sehr massiv ausgebildet sein. Bei einer mehrstufig ausgeführten Vakuumpumpe würde das Lagerprinzip "gehäusefester, das gesamte Rotorsystem durchsetzender Dorn" zu einem äußerst aufwendigen Aufbau führen.A vacuum pump of the generic type is known from FR-A-12 90 239. There are two rotors with interlocking spirals in the scoop. The rotors rotate about vertical axes and are each mounted on a housing-fixed mandrel that passes through the respective rotor from the outlet side. The upper bearings of the rotors on the respective mandrel are pot-shaped. The pots, which are open at the top, are covered with caps that rotate with the rotors. The known pump has one stage. In order to be able to store the rotors exactly on the inlet side, their mandrels fixed to the housing must be very solid. In the case of a multi-stage vacuum pump, the bearing principle of a “housing-fixed mandrel that penetrates the entire rotor system” would lead to an extremely complex structure.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zweiwellenvakuumpumpe der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die relativ kompakt ist und bei der eine wirksame Trennung der Räume, in denen sich die einlaßseitigen Lager befinden, von den Schöpfräumen sichergestellt ist.The present invention has for its object to provide a twin-shaft vacuum pump of the type mentioned, which is relatively compact and in which an effective separation of the rooms in which the inlet-side bearings are located from the pumping chambers is ensured.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Dadurch, daß die Rotoren auf Wellen angeordnet sind, sind relativ große Lagerdorne nicht mehr erforderlich. Die Wellen stützen sich über Lagerungen in Lagerschilden ab. Um eine wirksame Trennung der Lagerräume von den Schöpfräumen sicherzustellen, ist die topfförmige Gestaltung der Lagerungen vorgesehen. Die Töpfe sind nach oben offen, so daß eventuell austretendes Schmiermittel nicht in den Schöpfraum gelangen kann. Ein gehäusefester Stumpf ragt von oben in die Topfgestaltung hinein und dient der Abstützung des ruhenden Lagerringes.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Because the rotors Arranged on shafts, relatively large mandrels are no longer required. The waves are supported by bearings in end shields. In order to ensure an effective separation of the storage rooms from the scooping rooms, the cup-shaped design of the bearings is provided. The pots are open at the top so that any lubricant that escapes cannot get into the scoop. A stump fixed to the housing protrudes from above into the pot design and serves to support the stationary bearing ring.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich vorzugsweise auf eine Zweiwellenvakuumpumpe, bei der alle Rotorpaare mit Drehkolben des Klauentyps (Northey-Profil) ausgerüstet sind. Auch bei Zweiwellenvakuumpumpen mit Rotoren anderer Gestaltung (Rootsprofil, Schraubenprofil oder einer beliebigen Kombination aller genannten Profile) ist die Erfindung einsetzbar.The invention preferably relates to a twin-shaft vacuum pump in which all rotor pairs are equipped with rotary lobes of the claw type (Northey profile). The invention can also be used in twin-shaft vacuum pumps with rotors of a different design (root profile, screw profile or any combination of all of the profiles mentioned).

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten sollen anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine mehrstufige Pumpe mit nebeneinander angeordnetem Pumpengehäuse und Antriebsmotor,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt durch ein Rotorpaar,
Figur 3
eine mehrstufige Pumpe mit axial hintereinander angeordnetem Pumpengehäuse und Antriebsmotor,
Figur 4
eine einstufige Pumpe nach der Erfindung mit einem besonderen Lagerkonzept und
Figuren 5, 6
zweckmäßige Lagerungen für die oberen Wellenenden.
Further advantages and details will be explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Figure 1
a longitudinal section through a multi-stage pump with a pump housing and drive motor arranged side by side,
Figure 2
a section through a pair of rotors,
Figure 3
a multi-stage pump with axially arranged pump housing and drive motor,
Figure 4
a single-stage pump according to the invention with a special storage concept and
Figures 5, 6
Appropriate bearings for the upper shaft ends.

Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine dreistufige Vakuumpumpe 1 mit zwei Wellen 2 und 3 sowie drei Rotorpaaren 4, 5 bzw. 6, 7 bzw. 8, 9. Die axiale Länge der Rotoren nimmt von der Saugseite zur Druckseite ab. Die Drehkolben sind vom Klauentyp (vergleiche Fig. 2) und rotieren in den Schöpfräumen 11, 12, 13, welche von den Schilden 14 bis 17 und den Gehäuseringen 18 bis 20 gebildet werden.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a three-stage vacuum pump 1 with two shafts 2 and 3 and three rotor pairs 4, 5 or 6, 7 or 8, 9. The axial length of the rotors decreases from the suction side to the pressure side . The rotary pistons are of the claw type (see FIG. 2) and rotate in the scoops 11, 12, 13, which are formed by the shields 14 to 17 and the housing rings 18 to 20.

Die Wellen 2, 3 sind vertikal angeordnet. Diese gilt ebenfalls für den neben dem Pumpengehäuse angeordneten Antriebsmotor 22. Unterhalb des unteren Lagerschildes 17 sind die Wellen 2, 3 mit Zahnrädern 23, 24 gleichen Durchmessers ausgerüstet, welche der Synchronisation der Bewegung der Rotorpaare 4, 5 bzw. 6, 7 bzw. 8, 9 dienen. Auch der Antriebsmotor 22 weist an seiner Unterseite ein Zahnrad 25 auf. Die Antriebsverbindung wird hergestellt durch ein weiteres Zahnrad 26, das mit den Zahnrädern 24 und 25 in Eingriff steht.The shafts 2, 3 are arranged vertically. This also applies to the drive motor 22 arranged next to the pump housing. Below the lower bearing plate 17, the shafts 2, 3 are equipped with gear wheels 23, 24 of the same diameter, which synchronize the movement of the rotor pairs 4, 5 or 6, 7 or 8 , 9 serve. The drive motor 22 also has a gearwheel 25 on its underside. The drive connection is established by a further gear 26, which is in engagement with the gears 24 and 25.

In dem oberen Lagerschild 14 und dem unteren Lagerschild 17 stützen sich die Wellen 2, 3 über Wälzlager 27 ab. Der obere Lagerschild 14 ist mit einem horizontal angeordneten Anschlußflansch 28 ausgerüstet, welcher den Einlaß 29 der Pumpe bildet. Der Einlaßkanal 31 mündet stirnseitig (Öffnung 32) in den Schöpfraum 11 der ersten Stufe. Die stirnseitig angeordnete Auslaßöffnung der ersten Stufe ist mit 33 bezeichnet und führt in den Verbindungskanal 34. Der im Schild 15 befindliche Verbindungskanal 34 steht mit der Einlaßöffnung 35 der zweiten Stufe in Verbindung. Der Lagerschild 16 ist entsprechend gestaltet. Unterhalb der untersten (dritten) Pumpstufe befindet sich der Auslaß 36, der mit der stirnseitigen Auslaßöffnung 37 im unteren Lagerschild 17 in Verbindung steht.In the upper end plate 14 and the lower end plate 17, the shafts 2, 3 are supported by roller bearings 27. The upper end plate 14 is equipped with a horizontally arranged connecting flange 28, which forms the inlet 29 of the pump. The inlet channel 31 opens at the end (opening 32) into the scoop chamber 11 of the first stage. The end opening of the first stage is designated 33 and leads into the connecting duct 34. The connecting duct 34 located in the shield 15 is connected to the inlet opening 35 of the second stage. The end shield 16 is designed accordingly. Below the lowest (third) pump stage is the outlet 36, which is connected to the front outlet opening 37 in the lower end shield 17.

Unterhalb des aus Pumpengehäuse und Motor bestehenden Systems ist ein Öl enthaltender Raum 40, gebildet von einer gemeinsamen Wellenwanne 41, vorgesehen. In diese Wellenwanne 41 hinein ragt eine mit der Welle 2 verbundene Ölpumpe 42. Von der Ölpumpe aus erstrecken sich im einzelnen nicht dargestellte Schmiermittelkanäle zu den Stellen der Pumpe (Lager, Eingriffe der Zahnräder 23 bis 26, Simmerringe oder dergleichen), welche einer Ölschmierung bedürfen.An oil-containing space 40, formed by a common shaft trough 41, is provided below the system consisting of the pump housing and motor. An oil pump 42 connected to the shaft 2 projects into this shaft trough 41. Lubricant channels, not shown in detail, extend from the oil pump to the points of the pump (bearings, engagements of the gear wheels 23 to 26, oil seals or the like) which require oil lubrication .

Das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der dreistufigen Zweiwellenvakuumpumpe ist wassergekühlt. Dazu sind in den Seitenschilden 14 und 17 Kühlwasserkanäle 43 und 44 vorgesehen. Kühlwassereinlaß und -auslaß sind mit 45 und 46 bezeichnet. Der Kühlwassereinlaß 45 ist an der untersten Stelle des Kanalsystems 43, 44 angeordnet, so daß ein einfacher Kühlwasserablaß möglich und eine vollständige Entleerung sichergestellt sind.The illustrated embodiment of the three-stage two-shaft vacuum pump is water-cooled. For this purpose, cooling water channels 43 and 44 are provided in the side plates 14 and 17. Cooling water inlet and outlet are designated 45 and 46. The cooling water inlet 45 is arranged at the lowest point of the channel system 43, 44, so that a simple cooling water drain is possible and complete emptying is ensured.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweistufige Zweiwellenvakuumpumpe nach der Erfindung. Der Antriebsmotor 22 ist unterhalb der Pumpe angeordnet. Seine Welle 51 bildet eine axiale Verlängerung der Welle 2. Zweckmäßigerweise sind Motorwelle 51 und Pumpenwelle 2 einstückig ausgebildet. Der Antriebsmotor 22 ist wassergekühlt und dazu mit einem doppelwandigen Gehäuse 52 ausgerüstet. Der dadurch gebildete Kühlkanal 53 ist an das Kühlsystem 43 bis 46 des Pumpengehäuses angeschlossen. Die dazu erforderlichen Verbindungsleitungen sind mit 54 und 55 bezeichnet. Zwischen dem Antriebsmotor 22 und dem unteren Lagerschild 17 befinden sich die Synchronisationsräder 23, 24 und der Ölraum 40, in den die Ölpumpe 42 hineinragt. Die Ölpumpe 42 ist mit der Antriebswelle 3 gekoppelt.Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a two-stage two-shaft vacuum pump according to the invention. The drive motor 22 is arranged below the pump. Its shaft 51 forms an axial extension of the shaft 2. The motor shaft 51 and pump shaft 2 are expediently formed in one piece. The drive motor 22 is water-cooled and for this purpose equipped with a double-walled housing 52. The cooling channel 53 thus formed is connected to the cooling system 43 to 46 of the pump housing. The connecting lines required for this are designated 54 and 55. The synchronization wheels 23, 24 and the oil chamber 40, into which the oil pump 42 projects, are located between the drive motor 22 and the lower end plate 17. The oil pump 42 is coupled to the drive shaft 3.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 hat trotz axial hintereinanderliegendem Pumpengehäuse und Antriebsmotor eine kleine Bauhöhe, da zum einen Pumpe und Motor eine gemeinsame Welle haben und - wegen der Wasserkühlung - der Antriebsmotor ein Kühlgebläse nicht benötigt. Auch eine separate Motorlagerung kann entfallen. Der Kühlwassereinlaß ist möglichst weit unten am Motorgehäuse 52 angeordnet, so daß er in einfacher Weise als Kühlwasserablaß verwendet werden kann. Eine vollständige Entleerung des gesamten Kühlsystems ist gewährleistet.The embodiment according to FIG. 3 has a small overall height despite the pump housing and the drive motor lying axially one behind the other, since on the one hand the pump and motor have a common shaft and - because of the water cooling - the drive motor does not require a cooling fan. A separate engine mounting can also be omitted. The cooling water inlet is arranged as far down as possible on the motor housing 52, so that it can be used as a cooling water outlet in a simple manner. A complete drainage of the entire cooling system is guaranteed.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 handelt es sich um eine einstufige Zweiwellenvakuumpumpe mit daneben angeordnetem Antriebsmotor 22. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorteil, daß ein Riemen- oder Kettenantrieb (der letztere ist dargestellt) verwendet werden kann. Dazu sind die Welle 3 der Vakuumpumpe und die Welle 51 des Motors 22 mit Zahnrädern 56 und 57 ausgerüstet und über eine im einzelnen nicht dargestellte Kette miteinander verbunden. Der Vorteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, daß Drehzahlunterschiede (z. B. Antriebsmotoren mit 50 oder 60 Hz) in einfacher Weise ausgeglichen werden können. Außerdem haben Antriebe dieser Art den Vorteil einer besseren Dämpfung.4 is a single-stage two-shaft vacuum pump with a drive motor 22 arranged next to it. This arrangement has the advantage that a belt or chain drive (the latter is shown) can be used. For this purpose, the shaft 3 of the vacuum pump and the shaft 51 of the motor 22 are equipped with gear wheels 56 and 57 and connected to one another via a chain, not shown in detail. The advantage of this solution is that speed differences (e.g. drive motors with 50 or 60 Hz) can be compensated for in a simple manner. In addition, drives of this type have the advantage of better damping.

Weiterhin zeigt Fig. 4 eine Besonderheit, die sich auf die Gestaltung der Lagerung der Wellen 2, 3 im Lagerschild 14 beziehen. Mit den oberen Enden der Wellen 2, 3 sind im wesentlichen zylindrische Paßstücke 61, 62 verbunden, welche stirnseitig eine topfförmige Gestaltung 63 aufweisen. Auch die Wellenenden selbst oder die Stirnseiten der Rotoren können mit dieser topfförmigen Gestaltung 63 ausgerüstet sein. In den jeweiligen topfförmig gestalteten Raum ragt von oben ein zylindrischer Stumpf 65 hinein, der an einem Gehäusedeckel 66 befestigt ist. Das Lager 27 stützt sich mit seinem inneren Lagerring auf den festen Stumpf 65 und mit seinem äußeren Lagerring auf die Innenwand der topfförmigen Gestaltung ab. Die zylindrischen Paßstücke 61, 62 bilden mit den sie umgebenden Wandungen des Lagerschildes 14 eine Spaltdichtung, die z. B. als Labyrinthdichtung 67 (mit in den Nuten befindlichen Kolbenringen) ausgebildet sein kann. Dadurch wird eine wirksame Trennung der Lagerräume von den üblicherweise ölfreien Schöpfräumen sichergestellt.Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows a special feature which relates to the design of the mounting of the shafts 2, 3 in the end shield 14. With the upper ends of the shafts 2, 3, essentially cylindrical fitting pieces 61, 62 are connected, which have a pot-shaped design 63 on the end face. The shaft ends themselves or the end faces of the rotors can also be equipped with this cup-shaped design 63. A cylindrical stump 65, which is fastened to a housing cover 66, projects into the respective pot-shaped space from above. The bearing 27 is supported with its inner bearing ring on the fixed stump 65 and with its outer bearing ring on the inner wall of the cup-shaped design. The cylindrical adapters 61, 62 form with the surrounding walls of the bearing plate 14 a gap seal, the z. B. can be formed as a labyrinth seal 67 (with piston rings located in the grooves). This ensures an effective separation of the storage rooms from the usually oil-free delivery rooms.

Fig. 5 zeigt vergrößert eine Lagerung der zu Fig. 4 beschriebenen Art. Zur Verhinderung des Austritts von Schmiermitteln aus dem Lagerraum ist oberhalb des Lagerrings 27 ein rotierender Ring 68 vorgesehen, der den Lagerraum nach außen hin nahezu völlig verschließt. Außerdem tritt eine Zentrifugalwirkung ein. An den Ring 68 gelangendes Schmiermittel wird nach außen und damit in den Lagerraum zurückgefördert.FIG. 5 shows an enlarged bearing arrangement of the type described in relation to FIG. 4. To prevent lubricants from escaping from the storage space, a rotating ring 68 is provided above the bearing ring 27, which almost completely closes the storage space from the outside. A centrifugal effect also occurs. Lubricant reaching the ring 68 is conveyed outwards and thus back into the storage space.

Bei der ähnlich gestalteten Lagerung nach Fig. 6 ist oberhalb des Lagers 27 ein Wellendichtring 69 vorgesehen, der ebenfalls den Lagerraum verschließt. Die Dichtlippe des Wellendichtrings 68 liegt dem Stumpf 65 bei stillstehender Welle 2, 3 an. Rotiert die Welle, dann hebt sich die Dichtlippe vom Wellenstumpt 65 ab, so daß die Dichtung berührungsfrei wird.6, a shaft sealing ring 69 is provided above the bearing 27, which also closes the storage space. The sealing lip of the shaft sealing ring 68 lies against the stump 65 when the shaft 2, 3 is stationary. If the shaft rotates, the sealing lip lifts off from the shaft end 65, so that the seal becomes contactless.

Claims (8)

  1. Vacuum pump (1) having at least one suction chamber (11), having two rotors (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) situated in the or each suction chamber and rotating about vertical axes, having shields (14, 17) which delimit the suction chamber or chambers and in which are situated the inlet (32) disposed on the suction side and the outlet (37) disposed at the discharge end of the pump, having a synchronization gear unit which is situated in a side chamber, comprises two gear wheels and is connected to a drive motor, the side chamber with the synchronization gear unit (23, 24) being disposed below the rotor pair, and having cup-shaped bearings (27) in the region of the suction side of the vacuum pump (1), characterized in that the rotors (4, 5) are each supported on a shaft (2, 3), that the shafts (2, 3) are supported via bearings (27) in end shields (14, 17) and that the top bearings are fashioned in such a cup-shaped manner that the shaft bearings (27) are supported on the inner walls of the cup-shaped structures (63) and on a housing-fixed stub (65) which projects into said structures from above.
  2. Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the cup-shaped structures (63) are formed by the shaft itself or by fitting pieces (61, 62) fastened on the ends of the shafts (2, 3), and that the outside of said fitting pieces, with the top end shield (14) which surrounds them, forms diaphragm glands, labyrinth glands or similar seals.
  3. Pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a rotary shaft seal (69) forms the closure of the cup-shaped bearing chamber.
  4. Pump according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the drive motor (22) is disposed next to the pump (1) in such a manner that its drive shaft (51) is likewise vertically aligned.
  5. Pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the gear wheels (23, 24) of the synchronization gear unit are disposed level with a gear wheel (25) on the drive shaft (51) of the motor (22) and that a further gear wheel (26) is provided for establishing the drive connection.
  6. Pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaft (51) of the drive motor (22) is connected to one of the shafts (2, 3) of the pump (1) via a belt drive, a toothed belt drive or a chain drive.
  7. Pump according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet (29) of the pump (1) is disposed above the top pump stage and that the outlet (36) of the pump is situated below the bottom pump stage.
  8. Pump according to claim 7, characterized in that the inlet (29) of the pump (1) takes the form of a vertical connecting sleeve with a horizontal connecting flange (28).
EP90116358A 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Vacuum pump with displacement space Expired - Lifetime EP0409287B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE90116358T DE3789556D1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Vacuum pump with suction space.
EP90116358A EP0409287B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Vacuum pump with displacement space

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87107089A EP0290662B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Positive-displacement two-shaft vacuum pump
EP90116358A EP0409287B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Vacuum pump with displacement space

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107089.2 Division 1987-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0409287A1 EP0409287A1 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0409287B1 true EP0409287B1 (en) 1994-04-06

Family

ID=8196996

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107089A Expired - Lifetime EP0290662B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Positive-displacement two-shaft vacuum pump
EP90116358A Expired - Lifetime EP0409287B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Vacuum pump with displacement space

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107089A Expired - Lifetime EP0290662B1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 Positive-displacement two-shaft vacuum pump

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US4940398A (en)
EP (2) EP0290662B1 (en)
JP (2) JPS63302194A (en)
DE (1) DE3785192D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3785192D1 (en) 1993-05-06
JPS63302194A (en) 1988-12-09
US4940398A (en) 1990-07-10
EP0290662B1 (en) 1993-03-31
EP0290662A1 (en) 1988-11-17
JPH10192U (en) 1998-08-25
EP0409287A1 (en) 1991-01-23

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