EP0394185A1 - Apparatus for detecting knots in bands of textile fibers - Google Patents

Apparatus for detecting knots in bands of textile fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0394185A1
EP0394185A1 EP90810021A EP90810021A EP0394185A1 EP 0394185 A1 EP0394185 A1 EP 0394185A1 EP 90810021 A EP90810021 A EP 90810021A EP 90810021 A EP90810021 A EP 90810021A EP 0394185 A1 EP0394185 A1 EP 0394185A1
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Prior art keywords
fibers
measuring device
fiber
optical receiver
nits
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EP90810021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0394185B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Scheinhütte
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SCHEINHUETTE HANS JUERGEN
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SCHEINHUETTE HANS JUERGEN
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/26—Arrangements facilitating the inspection or testing of yarns or the like in connection with spinning or twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/32—Counting, measuring, recording or registering devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting nits in carding or draw frame bands.
  • these tapes In addition to contamination from foreign bodies, these tapes also contain so-called nits. These are fiber entanglements and knots of different sizes. The causes of their emergence are diverse. You can also lie in an unsuitable, defective or worn card clothing.
  • Monitoring the frequency of the nits in the card sliver allows both conclusions to be drawn about the raw material and the condition of the clothing. In particular, the time of regrinding the set can be determined.
  • the number of nits has been determined so that a piece of card sliver has been removed and pulled apart in a drafting system. Afterwards, the nits or impurities that appeared in the view as darker areas could be counted visually or manually using a magnifying glass. The assessment of the samples is subject to a certain discretion of the assessor. So there is no general standard.
  • a device has also been proposed which can already recognize the nits in the fleece of the card. This has the advantage, among other things, that it can take place continuously and no interruption is required to remove the tape.
  • the special design features of a card or the unzu Common mounting locations make it impossible to transfer this device from card to card.
  • the unit must rather be and remain firmly attached to a card. This is not a problem from the cost side when producing or installing new cards.
  • the situation is different when a blow room has to be retrofitted with a few tens of old cards. The effort here, even in relation to the value of the old cards, is not justifiable.
  • a carding tape pulled apart with a drafting system exhibits such extreme differences in density that the nits, if they are visible at all, can only be partially recognized by two-dimensional vision, stopping the movement of the tape and varying the viewing direction.
  • the invention therefore uses a device for dissolving the belt instead of the drafting device, as is used in so-called open-end spinning machines.
  • the card sliver is largely broken up into individual fibers, which are then sucked through a narrowing channel with the aid of an air stream, thereby being largely parallelized and finally get into a high-speed rotor.
  • a measuring field is arranged instead of the rotor, through which the fibers aligned in the direction of movement fly. Since the arrangement described is completely unsuitable for dissolving nits, they also fly unchanged through the measuring field. Compared to the fiber flow, they cause a significant instantaneous mass increase and can be distinguished from the fibers by a variety of different methods.
  • the card sliver 1 is drawn into the device by the conveyor roller 2.
  • the opening roller 3 already tears the fibers predominantly individually from the belt.
  • the fibers loop around the clothing teeth of the opening roller and thereby adhere to them.
  • They are detached from the set by an air stream and fly into the channel 5.
  • the channel 5 narrows, which greatly increases the air speed. this aligns the fibers in the direction of air movement. In this state, they now fly through the measuring device 6.
  • the fiber density is only a few fibers per mm.
  • This fiber density is not constant, but density changes occur due to the statistical distribution and the length of the fibers with low gradients.
  • the nits also fly through channel 5 and the measuring device 6. They cause a strong spontaneous increase and decrease in the fiber density and thereby generate a striking electrical signal in the measuring device.
  • the capacitance of a capacitor can be measured, the dielectric of which is partly formed by the air flow with the fibers. You can also illuminate the fiber stream and measure the penetrating light, as happens with a so-called yarn cleaner. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig.2.
  • the sensor 13 detects the reduced light from the fiber stream 11 of the light source 12. If you use the light sources 14 u.14 'instead of 12, it receives the light reflected by the fibers.
  • the optics 16 can optionally also be used to image the fibers on a line-shaped sensor 13 consisting of the elements 15, as shown in FIG.
  • the fiber stream 11 here runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the optimal method results from the necessary effort on the one hand and security against misinterpretation on the other. This is because impurities and shell parts are sucked through the measuring device 6. However, most of these particles are already excreted by the opening roller and collect in the trash container 7.
  • the fibers fly through the diffuser 8 after the measuring device and collect in the filter 9, while the air is blown out of the device by the fan 10.

Abstract

The apparatus opens a card sliver (1) into individual fibres which are sucked through a measuring device by means of an airstream. The measuring device evaluates the density and changes in density of this fibre stream. Knots are detected since they cause abrupt changes in density. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Detektie­ren von Nissen in Karden- oder Streckenbändern. In diesen Bändern findet man neben Verunreinigungen durch Fremdkör­per auch sog. Nissen. Dies sind Faserverschlingungen und -verknotungen unterschiedlicher Größe. Die Ursachen ihrer Entstehung sind vielfältig. Sie können u.A. auch in einer ungeeigneten, defekten oder abgenutzten Garnitur der Karde liegen. Eine überwachung der Häufigkeit der Nissen im Kar­denband erlaubt damit sowohl Rückschlüsse auf das Rohmate­rial als auch auf den Zustand der Garnitur. Insbesondere kann der Zeitpunkt des Nachschleifens der Garnitur bestimmt werden.The invention relates to a device for detecting nits in carding or draw frame bands. In addition to contamination from foreign bodies, these tapes also contain so-called nits. These are fiber entanglements and knots of different sizes. The causes of their emergence are diverse. You can also lie in an unsuitable, defective or worn card clothing. Monitoring the frequency of the nits in the card sliver allows both conclusions to be drawn about the raw material and the condition of the clothing. In particular, the time of regrinding the set can be determined.

Bisher wurde die Nissenzahl so bestimmt, daß ein Stück Kardenband entnommen und in einem Streckwerk auseinanderge­zogen wurde. Danach konnten mittels einer Lupe die in der Durchsicht als dunklere Stellen erscheinenden Nissen bzw. Verunreinigungen visuell bzw. manuell gezählt werden. Dabei unterliegt die Beurteilung der Proben einem gewissen Er­messen der Beurteilungsperson. Es besteht also kein allge­meingültiger Maßstab.So far, the number of nits has been determined so that a piece of card sliver has been removed and pulled apart in a drafting system. Afterwards, the nits or impurities that appeared in the view as darker areas could be counted visually or manually using a magnifying glass. The assessment of the samples is subject to a certain discretion of the assessor. So there is no general standard.

Es ist auch eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen worden, die die Nissen bereits im Vlies der Karde erkennen kann. Dies hat u.A. den Vorteil, daß es kontinuierlich erfolgen kann und keine Unterbrechung zur Bandentnahme erforderlich ist. Die konstruktiven Besonderheiten einer Karde bzw. der unzu­ gängliche Anbringungsort verunmöglichen es aber, diese Vor­richtung von Karde zu Karde zu tranferieren. Die Einheit muß vielmehr fest an einer Karde montiert sein und bleiben. Bei der Herstellung oder Installation neuer Karden ist dies von der Kostenseite kein Problem. Anders ist die Situation, wenn eine Putzerei mit einigen -zig alten Karden nachzurü­sten ist. Hier ist der Aufwand, auch in Relation zum Wert der alten Karden nicht vertretbar.A device has also been proposed which can already recognize the nits in the fleece of the card. This has the advantage, among other things, that it can take place continuously and no interruption is required to remove the tape. The special design features of a card or the unzu Common mounting locations make it impossible to transfer this device from card to card. The unit must rather be and remain firmly attached to a card. This is not a problem from the cost side when producing or installing new cards. The situation is different when a blow room has to be retrofitted with a few tens of old cards. The effort here, even in relation to the value of the old cards, is not justifiable.

Es besteht daher ein Bedarf an einer objektiv bewerten­den Einrichtung, die zwar den Nachteil der diskontinuierli­chen Messung aufweist, dafür aber nur einmal in einer Put­zerei erforderlich ist.There is therefore a need for an objectively evaluating device which has the disadvantage of discontinuous measurement, but is only required once in a blow room.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist durch Automatisierung der oben beschriebenen Anordnung nicht zu realisieren. Ein mit einem Streckwerk auseinandergezogenes Kardenband weist in seiner Dichte so extreme Unterschiede auf, daß die Nissen, sofern sie überhaupt sichtbar sind, zum Teil nur durch zweidimensionales Sehen, Stoppen der Bewegung des Bandes und Variieren der Betrachtungsrichtung erkannt werden kön­nen.The solution to this problem cannot be achieved by automating the arrangement described above. A carding tape pulled apart with a drafting system exhibits such extreme differences in density that the nits, if they are visible at all, can only be partially recognized by two-dimensional vision, stopping the movement of the tape and varying the viewing direction.

Die Erfindung, deren wesentliche Merkmale in Patent­anspruch 1 aufgeführt sind, verwendet deshalb anstelle des Streckwerkes eine Vorrichtung zur Auflösung des Bandes wie sie bei sog. Open-End-Spinnmaschinen benutzt wird. Dort wird das Kardenband weitgehend in Einzelfasern aufgelöst, die dann mit Hilfe eines Luftstromes durch einen sich ver­engenden Kanal gesogen, dadurch weitgehend parallelisiert werden und schließlich in einen schnellaufenden Rotor ge­langen.The invention, the essential features of which are set out in claim 1, therefore uses a device for dissolving the belt instead of the drafting device, as is used in so-called open-end spinning machines. There, the card sliver is largely broken up into individual fibers, which are then sucked through a narrowing channel with the aid of an air stream, thereby being largely parallelized and finally get into a high-speed rotor.

Bei der Erfindung ist anstelle des Rotors ein Meßfeld angeordnet, durch das die in Bewegungsrichtung ausferichte­ten Fasern hindurchfliegen. Da die geschilderte Anordnung vollkommen ungeeignet ist, Nissen aufzulösen, fliegen diese unverändert ebenfalls durch das Meßfeld. Sie bewirken so, verglichen mit dem Faserstrom, eine markante momentane Mas­senzunahme und sind durch eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Methoden von den Fasern zu unterscheiden.In the invention, a measuring field is arranged instead of the rotor, through which the fibers aligned in the direction of movement fly. Since the arrangement described is completely unsuitable for dissolving nits, they also fly unchanged through the measuring field. Compared to the fiber flow, they cause a significant instantaneous mass increase and can be distinguished from the fibers by a variety of different methods.

Nachfolgend wird die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Vorrichtung an Hand der Abb.1 näher erläutert.The device on which the invention is based is explained in more detail below with the aid of FIG. 1.

Das Kardenband 1 wird durch die Förderwalze 2 in das Gerät gezogen. Die Auflösewalze 3 reißt die Fasern bereits überwiegend einzeln aus dem Band. Die Fasern umschlingen dabei die Garniturzähne der Auflösewalze und haften dadurch an diesen. Sobald sie durch die Drehung der Auflösewalze in den Bereich der Luftzufuhr 4 und des Kanals 5 gelangen, werden sie durch einen Luftstrom von der Garnitur gelöst und fliegen in den Kanal 5. Der Kanal 5 verengt sich, was die Luftgeschwindigkeit stark erhöht. dadurch werden die fasern in Richtung der Luftbewegung ausgerichtet. In diesem Zustand durchfliegen sie nun die Meßeinrichtung 6. Die Fa­serdichte beträgt dabei nur weinige Fasern pro mm .The card sliver 1 is drawn into the device by the conveyor roller 2. The opening roller 3 already tears the fibers predominantly individually from the belt. The fibers loop around the clothing teeth of the opening roller and thereby adhere to them. As soon as they get into the area of the air supply 4 and the channel 5 by the rotation of the opening roller, they are detached from the set by an air stream and fly into the channel 5. The channel 5 narrows, which greatly increases the air speed. this aligns the fibers in the direction of air movement. In this state, they now fly through the measuring device 6. The fiber density is only a few fibers per mm.

Diese Faserdichte ist nicht konstant, jedoch erfolgen Dichteänderungen infolge der statistischen Verteilung und der Länge der Fasern mit niedrigen Gradienten.This fiber density is not constant, but density changes occur due to the statistical distribution and the length of the fibers with low gradients.

Die Nissen durchfliegen ebenfalls den Kanal 5 und die Meßeinrichtung 6. Sie bewirken eine starke spontane Zu- und Abnahme der Faserdichte und erzeugen dadurch ein markantes elektrisches Signal in der Meßeinrichtung.The nits also fly through channel 5 and the measuring device 6. They cause a strong spontaneous increase and decrease in the fiber density and thereby generate a striking electrical signal in the measuring device.

Zur Erzeugung dieses Signals gibt es diverse an sich be­kannte Methoden. Es kann z.B. die Kapazität eines Kondensa­tors gemessen werden, dessen Dielektrikum zum Teil von dem Luftstrom mit den Fasern gebildet wird. Man kann auch den Faserstrom beleuchten und das durchdringende Licht messen, wie es bei einem sog. Garnreiniger geschieht. Eine solche Anordnung zeigt die Abb.2. Der Sensor 13 erfaßt das durch den Faserstrom 11 reduzierte Licht der Lichtquelle 12. Wenn man die Lichtquellen 14 u.14′ statt 12 verwendet, empfängt er das von den Fasern reflektierte Licht. Mit einer Optik 16 kann ggf. auch eine Abbildung der Fasern auf einem zei­lenförmigen Sensor 13, der aus den Elementen 15 besteht, geschehen, wie es in Abb.3 dargestellt ist. Der Faserstrom 11 verläuft hier senkrecht zur Ebene der Zeichnung.There are various methods known per se for generating this signal. For example, the capacitance of a capacitor can be measured, the dielectric of which is partly formed by the air flow with the fibers. You can also illuminate the fiber stream and measure the penetrating light, as happens with a so-called yarn cleaner. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig.2. The sensor 13 detects the reduced light from the fiber stream 11 of the light source 12. If you use the light sources 14 u.14 'instead of 12, it receives the light reflected by the fibers. The optics 16 can optionally also be used to image the fibers on a line-shaped sensor 13 consisting of the elements 15, as shown in FIG. The fiber stream 11 here runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

Die optimale Methode ergibt sich aus dem notwendigen Aufwand einerseits und der Sicherheit gegen Fehlinterpreta­tionen andererseits. Es werden nämlich auch Verunreinigun­gen und Schalenteile durch die Meßeinrichtung 6 gesogen. Der größte Teil dieser Partikel wird jedoch schon von der Auflösewalze ausgeschieden und sammelt sich im Trash-Behäl­ter 7.The optimal method results from the necessary effort on the one hand and security against misinterpretation on the other. This is because impurities and shell parts are sucked through the measuring device 6. However, most of these particles are already excreted by the opening roller and collect in the trash container 7.

Die Fasern durchfliegen nach der Meßeinrichtung den Dif­fusor 8 und sammeln sich im Filter 9, während die Luft von dem Gebläse 10 aus dem Gerät herausgeblasen wird.The fibers fly through the diffuser 8 after the measuring device and collect in the filter 9, while the air is blown out of the device by the fan 10.

Claims (6)

1. Vorrichtung zum Detektieren von Nissen in bandför­migem textilem Fasermaterial, bestehend aus einer mit einer Garnitur versehenen rotierenden Walze, die das bandförmige Material in Einzelfasern auflöst und einer Absaugeinrich­tung zum Transport der Fasern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein sich verengender Kanal (5), der die Fasern längs zur Bewegungsrichtung orientiert und eine Maßeinrichtung (6) vorgesehen ist, die die Fasern durchfliegen und die ein zur Faserdichte proportionales elektrisches Signal erzeugt.1. Device for detecting nits in band-shaped textile fiber material, consisting of a rotating roller provided with a clothing, which dissolves the band-shaped material in individual fibers and a suction device for transporting the fibers, characterized in that a narrowing channel (5), the the fibers are oriented longitudinally to the direction of movement and a measuring device (6) is provided which flies through the fibers and which generates an electrical signal proportional to the fiber density. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßeinrichtung im Wesentlichen aus einem Konden­sator besteht, dessen Dielektrikum zum Teil von dem Luft­strom mit den Fasern gebildet wird und dessen Kapazität von der Masser der Fasern beeinflußt wird.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device consists essentially of a capacitor, the dielectric of which is formed in part by the air flow with the fibers and whose capacity is influenced by the mass of the fibers. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserstrom (11) in der Meßeinrichtung von einer Lichtquelle (12) beleuchtet und das ihn durchdringende Licht mit einem optischen Empfänger (13) gemessen wird.3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber stream (11) in the measuring device is illuminated by a light source (12) and the light penetrating it is measured with an optical receiver (13). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faserstrom (11) in der Meßeinrichtung von einer Lichtquelle (14, 14′) beleuchtet und das von ihm reflek­tierte Licht mit einem optischen Empfänger (13) gemessen wird.4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber stream (11) in the measuring device by a Light source (14, 14 ') is illuminated and the light reflected by it is measured with an optical receiver (13). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der optische Empfänger (13) aus einer Reihenanordnung von lichtempfindlichen Elementen (15) besteht, auf denen mittels einer Optik (16) ein Bild des Faserstromes (11) erzeugt wird.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the optical receiver (13) consists of a series arrangement of photosensitive elements (15) on which an image of the fiber stream (11) is generated by means of an optic (16). 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß zur weiteren Auswertung die In­tensitätsgradienten der Meßsignale verwendet werden.6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the intensity gradients of the measurement signals are used for further evaluation.
EP90810021A 1989-04-18 1990-01-09 Apparatus for detecting knots in bands of textile fibers Expired - Lifetime EP0394185B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH145789A CH674378A5 (en) 1989-04-18 1989-04-18
CH1457/89 1989-04-18

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EP0394185A1 true EP0394185A1 (en) 1990-10-24
EP0394185B1 EP0394185B1 (en) 1996-04-10

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH519596A (en) * 1970-11-05 1972-02-29 Ts B Techniczne Przemyslu Masz Fault detection - for sliver from carding and combing machines
DE2436096A1 (en) * 1973-10-23 1975-04-24 Crompton & Knowles Corp METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MIXED, SPINNABLE FIBER MATERIALS
FR2609058A1 (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-01 Truetzschler & Co METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR DETECTING FOREIGN BODIES, SUCH AS FOREIGN FIBERS, BONDING YARNS, PLASTIC RIBBONS, METAL OR OTHER YARNS, IN OR BETWEEN TEXTILE FIBERS
EP0277694A2 (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-10 Wetenschappelijk en Technisch Centrum van de Belgische Textielnijverheid, afgekort tot Centexbel A method of measuring the yarn density of a woven fabric or the stitch density of a knit fabric for readjusting the production machine in question

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH669401A5 (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-03-15 Loepfe Ag Geb

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH519596A (en) * 1970-11-05 1972-02-29 Ts B Techniczne Przemyslu Masz Fault detection - for sliver from carding and combing machines
DE2436096A1 (en) * 1973-10-23 1975-04-24 Crompton & Knowles Corp METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MIXED, SPINNABLE FIBER MATERIALS
FR2609058A1 (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-01 Truetzschler & Co METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR DETECTING FOREIGN BODIES, SUCH AS FOREIGN FIBERS, BONDING YARNS, PLASTIC RIBBONS, METAL OR OTHER YARNS, IN OR BETWEEN TEXTILE FIBERS
EP0277694A2 (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-10 Wetenschappelijk en Technisch Centrum van de Belgische Textielnijverheid, afgekort tot Centexbel A method of measuring the yarn density of a woven fabric or the stitch density of a knit fabric for readjusting the production machine in question

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MELLIAND TEXTILBERICHTE INTERNATIONAL *

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DE59010268D1 (en) 1996-05-15
EP0394185B1 (en) 1996-04-10
CH674378A5 (en) 1990-05-31

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