EP0393432A2 - Fastening device for rails - Google Patents

Fastening device for rails Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0393432A2
EP0393432A2 EP90106538A EP90106538A EP0393432A2 EP 0393432 A2 EP0393432 A2 EP 0393432A2 EP 90106538 A EP90106538 A EP 90106538A EP 90106538 A EP90106538 A EP 90106538A EP 0393432 A2 EP0393432 A2 EP 0393432A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
tpu
fastening system
molecular weight
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90106538A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0393432B1 (en
EP0393432A3 (en
Inventor
Eva Baum
Renate Jank
Rüdiger Dipl.-Chem. Krech
Gudrun Dipl.-Chem. Klein
Axel Koppsieker
Michael Dipl.-Chem. Gudera
Dietmar Dipl.-Chem. Heinz
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Lieschke
Ulrich Donnerstag
Franz-Dieter Rohde
Jürgen Lemke
Wilfried Bonewitz
Hans Maass
Gunther Prof. Dr. Führer
Joachim Steinberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Veb Synthesewerk Schwarzheide Kombinat Sys
Synthesewerk Schwarzheide AG
BASF Schwarzheide GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DD32771889A external-priority patent/DD300038A7/en
Priority claimed from DD32771789A external-priority patent/DD297854B5/en
Application filed by Veb Synthesewerk Schwarzheide Kombinat Sys, Synthesewerk Schwarzheide AG, BASF Schwarzheide GmbH filed Critical Veb Synthesewerk Schwarzheide Kombinat Sys
Priority to AT90106538T priority Critical patent/ATE87046T1/en
Publication of EP0393432A2 publication Critical patent/EP0393432A2/en
Publication of EP0393432A3 publication Critical patent/EP0393432A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0393432B1 publication Critical patent/EP0393432B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/32—Fastening on steel sleepers with clamp members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
    • E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fastening system for rails, switch tracks, crane tracks and the like. on sublimations made of concrete, wood, steel or similar building materials of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Elastic or rigid steel structures are used to fasten rails to sub-thresholds for the transmission of horizontal forces.
  • a large number of differently designed construction elements are regularly required for the elastic transmission of the large vertical and horizontal forces.
  • a disadvantage of rigid constructions and solutions with spring elements made of steel is that the individual steel elements touch one another or the rail foot and that corrosion, wear and noise occur at the contact surfaces.
  • an elastic block only serves to facilitate the bracing and the approach of a rigid shaped piece and a holding element, but not to increase the flexibility of the holding element.
  • the elastic rail is fastened in that a tensioning clamp, which is fastened by a screw connection to the lower threshold element, takes over the function of the bracing and the elastic lateral force transmission.
  • DD-PS 224 350 describes an elastic and form-fitting connection of rails and sub-swelling, in which recesses provided in the sub-swelling are lined with elastic parts or embedded in the concrete, in which appropriately designed fastening means engage.
  • the fastening between the rail and the sublimation is done by a screw connection.
  • These known rail fastenings likewise do not provide any electrical and / or mechanical separation between the rail foot or the clamping element for the sublimation. This also results in high wear and an undesirable noise level.
  • the elastic and electrically insulating fastening device described in AT-PS 295 578 does not offer any sealing of the perforation of the steel clamping elements against the penetration of liquids, which cause premature wear of the screw bolt and the dowel, as well as a deterioration in the insulating properties.
  • Another disadvantage is that a resiliently bendable metal plate is used for the elastic bracing, which has a low life expectancy due to wear and fatigue.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a re-tensionable, elastic, steel-saving, low-wear and low-noise rail fastening, which is a simple, automatable assembly, disassembly and maintenance of Track construction enables.
  • a permanent, high electrical resistance between the rail, the clamping element and the sublimation should be achieved and the contact of steel elements with one another or with the rail to reduce wear or noise should be largely avoided.
  • elastic shock absorption in the horizontal and / or vertical direction is to be achieved.
  • the rail clamping elements should at the same time have a high resistance to cold.
  • the insulating, spring and clamping elements used to fasten the rails should be able to be produced efficiently in large quantities in terms of production technology and should guarantee simple assembly / disassembly and a reduction in maintenance expenditure.
  • the object is achieved in that insulating and spring elements made of cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) are arranged in rail fastening devices in the form of elastomer bands, washers, strips and bushings such that there is between the rail foot and steel, wood or concrete construction Elastomer strips or bands, between the screw and clamping element, elastomer washers or bushings, and between the support surface of the clamping element of the sleeper or base plate and, if applicable, the rail foot and clamping element, elastomer strips, so that a high electrical resistance between the rail and the swelling is achieved, the contact of steel elements with each other or avoided with the rail and thus wear or noise reduction and electrical insulation is achieved, and horizontal and vertical forces can be absorbed in the elastic bracing.
  • TPU cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the invention provides simple assembly / disassembly and a reduction in the maintenance effort of the rail fastening system.
  • the rail clamping elements are designed and arranged in such a way that the tensioning force generated by a screw or nail or bolt-like connection to the rail support is elastically transferred to the rail foot and the horizontal forces are directly and elastically transferred from the rail foot to the rail support, and at the same time the rail is laterally fixed during tensioning and is held down.
  • the rail clamping elements according to the invention are elastic, can be re-tensioned and are suitable on rail supports made of different materials with direct rail support.
  • the connecting elements can be wedge-shaped, designed as an angle bar or as a cupping clamping element.
  • Parts of the connecting element protrude from the rail base edge towards the center of the rail when it is tensioned. In the released state, all parts lie outside the vertical surface, starting from the edge of the rail foot, the connecting elements in the rail support being inclined 1: 4 to 1: 8, preferably 1: 6, to the vertical.
  • the rail clamping elements according to the invention are arranged in relation to the connecting elements, such as screws, nails or bolts, in such a way that steel parts cannot come into contact with one another during the entire rail fastening. This prevents noise and the ver wear reduced. In addition, a high electrical resistance between the rail and rail support is achieved. Rail clamping elements can be used so that the known steel plates for power distribution can be saved.
  • the rail clamping elements can also be designed as slotted elastomer clamping elements which brace the rail base with the rail support via a screw connection and a slotted force distribution plate. This variant enables the rail fastening to be assembled and disassembled quickly.
  • the high-modulus TPU insulation and spring elements or rail clamping elements can be manufactured using conventional injection molding technology.
  • the injection molding tools used are advantageously provided with a generously designed sprue system.
  • the insulating and spring elements or rail clamping elements as fastening elements are molded on using conventional gate variants.
  • the insulating and spring elements or rail clamping elements made of cold-resistant, high-modulus TPU used for the rail fastening system according to the invention are characterized in that they consist of higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and diisocyanates in an equivalent ratio of 1 to 7 to 1 to 14 as well as low molecular weight hydroxyl compounds with an equivalent ratio to the higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds consist of 1 in 5 to 1 in 12.
  • a polyester alcohol with an average molar mass of. Is used as the higher molecular weight hydroxyl compound for producing the cold-resistant TPU 1,800 to 2,500, based on adipic acid and a mixture of 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol in an equivalent ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1 of 1,6-hexanediol to 1,4-butanediol are preferred.
  • Linear aliphatic and / or aromatic diols with a molar mass of 60 to 600 are used as low molecular weight hydroxyl compounds, which may contain 1 to 3 parts by mass in% of monools as reaction and molar mass regulators for TPU synthesis.
  • 4,4-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate is preferably used as the diisocyanate in the TPU.
  • other auxiliaries and additives can be used, such as, for example, lubricants, hydrolysis, aging and light stabilizers, dyes, pigments, inorganic and / or organic fillers and reinforcing agents.
  • the TPU is preferably produced by the one-shot process, the hydroxyl-containing components, auxiliaries and additives being mixed with the diisocyanate component at 50 to 200 degrees Celsius and, after the reaction has taken place, the polymer mass being granulated at 120 to 200 degrees Celsius.
  • the insulating, spring and clamping elements according to the invention are obtained from the TPU granulate by means of injection molding.
  • the material composition of the rail fastening device With the material composition of the rail fastening device according to the invention, improved cold stability of the parts and a cold brittleness temperature of -35 degrees Celsius is achieved, which was previously not possible with known polyurethane raw materials based on polyester alcohol.
  • the parts have a print strength of ⁇ 35 N / mm2 and elastic compressibility up to 40%, which fully meets the requirements for the enormous load in the rail area.
  • the equivalent ratio of the higher molecular weight polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 8.7.
  • the equivalent ratio of high molecular weight diol to low molecular weight diols is 1: 7.1.
  • the reaction mixture is poured onto a sheet at 130 degrees Celsius.
  • the solidified polyurethane molding compound can be granulated after 36 hours.
  • test specimens produced from the granulate by the injection molding process have the following characteristic values: Shore hardness-D 59 tensile strenght 69 N / mm2 Elongation at break 458% Abrasion 47 mm3 Compressive strength 38 N / mm2 Impact elasticity 34% Compression set (at room temperature) 12% Cold behavior (according to DIN 53 545) Cold brittleness temperature -40 to -45 ° C Cold benchmark -24 ° C Insulating properties (according to DIN 53 482 and DIN 53 483) measured at 800 Hz volume resistivity ⁇ D 2 ⁇ 10 13 ⁇ ⁇ cm relative dielectric constant E r 5.85 dielectric loss factor tan ⁇ 0.035
  • the equivalent ratio of the higher molecular weight polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 7.2.
  • the equivalent ratio of the high molecular weight diol to the low molecular weight diol is 1: 5.7.
  • the reaction mixture is poured onto a sheet at 120 degrees Celsius.
  • the solidified polyurethane molding compound can be granulated after 36 hours.
  • test specimens produced from the granulate by the injection molding process have the following characteristic values: Shore hardness-D 57 tensile strenght 63 N / mm2 Elongation at break 461% Abrasion 64 mm3 Compressive strength 36 N / mm2 Impact elasticity 30% Compression set (at room temperature) 16% Cold behavior Cold brittleness temperature -35 to -40 ° C Cold benchmark -23 ° C Insulation properties spec. Volume resistance ⁇ D 1.85 x 10 13 ⁇ cm relative dielectric constant E r 5.8 dielectric loss factor tan ⁇ 0.033
  • Insulating and spring elements according to Example 4 were produced from the TPU according to Examples 1 and 2 by the injection molding process. The practical tests were carried out on a pulsator with a threshold load of 0 to 30 kN up to 8 million load changes.
  • insulation values of ⁇ 500 k ⁇ could be achieved.
  • a concrete or wooden sublimation carries a rail, a plate 2 made of insulating and damping TPU being underlaid.
  • a threshold screw 21 anchored in the dowel or wood of the sublimation transmits the clamping force via a TPU insulating bush 1 to a steel clamping element 20 and is mechanically and electrically separated from the latter by the insulating bush.
  • the rail base edge is separated from the clamping element by a highly wear-resistant, elastic and electrically insulated TPU strip 3.
  • the steel clamping element 20 is clamped in an elastically and mechanically separate manner in a recess in the sub-swelling by means of a trough-shaped TPU strip 4.
  • a concrete or wooden sublimation carries a rail on a conventional elastic base made of z. B. rubber, the rail foot edge is separated by a highly wear-resistant, elastic and electrically insulated TPU strip 3 from the clamping element.
  • the sleeper screw anchored in the dowel or wood of the sublimation transfers the tensioning force to the steel clamping element via a TPU spring washer 5.
  • the steel clamping element is elastically and mechanically separated in a recess in the sublimation by a TPU strip 4.
  • the bar 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a C-shaped cross section and surrounds the rail foot edge, with its upper leg and its central web between the rail foot 9 and the profiled clamping plate 20.
  • the fastening has a rail clamping element and a screw connection (sleeper screw or hammer head screw).
  • the rail base 9 is mechanically and electrically separated from the screw 11 using a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) hoop clamping element 6 and is elastically braced with the rail support 8.
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the rail is separated from the swelling by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10. This effects the electrical insulation of the rail.
  • the adapter sleeve or dowel is completely sealed against moisture.
  • Fig. 4 shows the attachment with a rail clamping element, wherein the rail is braced by means of a rail nail and held down on a concrete or wooden undulation.
  • a TPU clamping element 7 and a rail nail 12 and a power distribution plate 13 With a TPU clamping element 7 and a rail nail 12 and a power distribution plate 13, the rail base 9 is clamped in an insulating manner and held down.
  • the rail is separated from the rail support 8 by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10. This ensures a completely elastic bracing. Moisture penetration into the contact element to support the rail is prevented.
  • Fig. 5 shows an attachment with rail clamping element, screw connection and steel power distribution plate.
  • a slotted TPU clamping element 14 With a slotted TPU clamping element 14, the rail foot 9 is braced by the sleeper screw 11 and the slotted force distribution plate 15 (made of steel) with the rail support 8.
  • the rail is covered by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10 and the Clamping element 14 separated from the rail support 8 without removing the sleeper screw 11.
  • the slotted power distribution plate enables easy installation. It is also no longer possible for liquid to penetrate the adapter sleeve / dowel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Installation Of Bus-Bars (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening system for rails, running surfaces of points and crane tracks on supports of concrete, wood, steel or similar construction materials. According to the invention, insulating and spring elements 1 to 4 consist of thermoplastic polyurethane which is resistant to low temperatures and has a high modulus of elasticity, a compressive strength of >/= 35 N/mm and an elastic compression set of up to 40%, and are in the form of elastomer tapes, strips, discs or bushes or are wedge-shaped or are in the form of an angular strip or hump element.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Befestigungssystem für Schienen, Weichenfahrbahnen, Kranbahnen u.dgl. auf Unter­schwellungen aus Beton, Holz, Stahl oder ähnlichen Bau­stoffen der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angege­benen Gattung.The invention relates to a fastening system for rails, switch tracks, crane tracks and the like. on sublimations made of concrete, wood, steel or similar building materials of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Zur Befestigung von Schienen auf Unterschwellungen werden zur Übertragung von Horizontalkräften elastische oder starre Stahlkonstruktionen verwendet, wobei für die elastische Übertragung der großen vertikalen und horizon­talen Kräfte regelmäßig eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Konstruktionselementen erforderlich ist. Nachteilig bei starren Konstruktionen und Lösungen mit Federelementen aus Stahl ist, daß sich die einzelnen Stahlelemente untereinander bzw. den Schienenfuß berühren und an den Kontaktflächen verstärkt Korrosion, Verschleiß und Geräusche auftreten. Beim Einsatz von bekannten Kunststoffelementen zur mechanischen und/oder elektri­schen Trennung von Stahlteilen kann bisher nicht auf elastische Schienenklemmelemente aus Stahl verzichtet werden.Elastic or rigid steel structures are used to fasten rails to sub-thresholds for the transmission of horizontal forces. A large number of differently designed construction elements are regularly required for the elastic transmission of the large vertical and horizontal forces. A disadvantage of rigid constructions and solutions with spring elements made of steel is that the individual steel elements touch one another or the rail foot and that corrosion, wear and noise occur at the contact surfaces. When using known plastic elements for the mechanical and / or electrical separation of steel parts, it has not been possible to do without elastic rail clamping elements made of steel.

Gemäß der AT-PS 344 768 dient ein elastischer Block lediglich dazu, die Verspannung und die Annäherung eines starren Formstückes und eines Halteelementes zu erleich­tern, nicht jedoch dazu, die Flexibilität des Halteele­mentes zu vergrößern.According to AT-PS 344 768, an elastic block only serves to facilitate the bracing and the approach of a rigid shaped piece and a holding element, but not to increase the flexibility of the holding element.

Gemäß der DD-PS 250 346 erfolgt die elastische Schienenbefestigung dadurch, daß eine durch eine Schrau­benverbindung auf dem Unterschwellenelement befestigte Spannklemme die Funktion der Verspannung und der elasti­schen Seitenkraftübertragung übernimmt.According to DD-PS 250 346, the elastic rail is fastened in that a tensioning clamp, which is fastened by a screw connection to the lower threshold element, takes over the function of the bracing and the elastic lateral force transmission.

In der DD-PS 224 350 wird eine elastische und form­schlüssige Verbindung von Schienen und Unterschwellung beschrieben, bei welcher in der Unterschwellung vorge­sehene Aussparungen mit elastischen Teilen ausgekleidet bzw. in den Beton eingebettet sind, in die entsprechend ausgebildete Befestigungsmittel eingreifen. Die Befesti­gung zwischen Schiene und Unterschwellung erfolgt durch eine Schraubverbindung. Durch diese bekannten Schienenbe­festigungen ist ebenfalls keine elektrische und/oder mechanische Trennung zwischen Schienenfuß bzw. Klemm­element zur Unterschwellung gegeben. Daraus ergibt sich ebenfalls ein hoher Verschleiß und ein unerwünschter Geräuschpegel.DD-PS 224 350 describes an elastic and form-fitting connection of rails and sub-swelling, in which recesses provided in the sub-swelling are lined with elastic parts or embedded in the concrete, in which appropriately designed fastening means engage. The fastening between the rail and the sublimation is done by a screw connection. These known rail fastenings likewise do not provide any electrical and / or mechanical separation between the rail foot or the clamping element for the sublimation. This also results in high wear and an undesirable noise level.

Die in der AT-PS 295 578 beschriebene elastische und elektrisch isolierende Befestigungsvorrichtung bietet keine Abdichtung der Lochung der stählernen Klemmelemente gegen das Eindringen von Flüssigkeiten, die einen vor­zeitigen Verschleiß des Schraubenbolzens und des Dübels sowie eine Verschlechterung der Isoliereigenschaften bewirken. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß für die elastische Verspannung eine federelastisch durch­biegbare Metall- platte verwendet wird, die durch Ver­schleiß und Ermüdung eine geringe Lebenserwartung aufweist.The elastic and electrically insulating fastening device described in AT-PS 295 578 does not offer any sealing of the perforation of the steel clamping elements against the penetration of liquids, which cause premature wear of the screw bolt and the dowel, as well as a deterioration in the insulating properties. Another disadvantage is that a resiliently bendable metal plate is used for the elastic bracing, which has a low life expectancy due to wear and fatigue.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine nachspannbare, elastische, stahlsparende, verschleiß- und geräuscharme Schienenbefestigung zu schaffen, die eine einfache, auto­matisierbare Montage, Demontage und Instandhaltung der Gleiskonstruktion ermöglicht. Dabei soll zugleich ein dauerhafter, hoher elektrischer Widerstand zwischen Schiene, Klemmelement und Unterschwellung erreicht und die Berührung von Stahlelementen untereinander bzw, mit der Schiene zur Minderung des Verschleisses bzw. von Lärm weitgehend vermieden werden. Ferner soll eine elastische Stoßdämpfung in horizontaler und/oder vertikaler Richtung erreicht werden. Die Schienenklemmelemente sollen gleich­zeitig eine hohe Kältebeständigkeit aufweisen. Weiterhin soll die zur Befestigung der Schienen eingesetzten Isolier-, Feder- und Klemmelemente fertigungstechnisch rationell in hohen Stückzahlen hergestellt werden können und eine einfache Montage/Demontage sowie eine Verrin­gerung des Instandhaltungsaufwandes garantieren.The object of the invention is to provide a re-tensionable, elastic, steel-saving, low-wear and low-noise rail fastening, which is a simple, automatable assembly, disassembly and maintenance of Track construction enables. At the same time, a permanent, high electrical resistance between the rail, the clamping element and the sublimation should be achieved and the contact of steel elements with one another or with the rail to reduce wear or noise should be largely avoided. Furthermore, elastic shock absorption in the horizontal and / or vertical direction is to be achieved. The rail clamping elements should at the same time have a high resistance to cold. Furthermore, the insulating, spring and clamping elements used to fasten the rails should be able to be produced efficiently in large quantities in terms of production technology and should guarantee simple assembly / disassembly and a reduction in maintenance expenditure.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß Isolier- und Federelemente aus kältebeständigem thermo­plastischem Polyurethan (TPU) in Schienenbefestigungs­vorrichtungen in Form von Elastomerbändern, -scheiben, -leisten und -buchsen so angeordnet sind, daß sich zwischen Schienenfuß und Stahl-, Holz- oder Betonkon­struktion Elastomerleisten oder -bänder, zwischen Schraube und Klemmelement Elastomerscheiben oder -buchsen sowie zwischen Stützfläche des Klemmelementes der Schwelle oder Unterlageplatte und ggf. dem Schienenfuß und Klemmelement Elastomerleisten befinden, so daß ein hoher elektrischer Widerstand zwischen Schiene und Unterschwellung erreicht, die Berührung von Stahl­elementen untereinander bzw. mit der Schiene vermieden und somit Verschleiß bzw. Geräuschminderung und elek­trische Isolierung erreicht wird, sowie bei der elasti­schen Verspannung Horizontal- und Vertikalkräfte aufge­nommen werden können.According to the invention the object is achieved in that insulating and spring elements made of cold-resistant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) are arranged in rail fastening devices in the form of elastomer bands, washers, strips and bushings such that there is between the rail foot and steel, wood or concrete construction Elastomer strips or bands, between the screw and clamping element, elastomer washers or bushings, and between the support surface of the clamping element of the sleeper or base plate and, if applicable, the rail foot and clamping element, elastomer strips, so that a high electrical resistance between the rail and the swelling is achieved, the contact of steel elements with each other or avoided with the rail and thus wear or noise reduction and electrical insulation is achieved, and horizontal and vertical forces can be absorbed in the elastic bracing.

Gleichzeitig werden die Lochungen der stählernen Klemmelemente gegen das Eindringen von Flüssigkeiten (Feuchtigkeit) abgedichtet. Durch die Erfindung ist eine einfache Montage/Demontage und eine Verringerung des Instandhaltungsaufwandes des Schienenbefestigungssystems gegeben.At the same time, the perforations of the steel Clamping elements sealed against the ingress of liquids (moisture). The invention provides simple assembly / disassembly and a reduction in the maintenance effort of the rail fastening system.

Die Schienenklemmelmente sind so ausgebildet und angeordnet, daß die durch eine schraub- oder nagel- bzw. bolzenartige Verbindung mit der Schienenunterstützung erzeugte Verspannkraft elastisch auf den Schienenfuß und die Horizontalkräfte direkt und elastisch vom Schienenfuß auf die Schienenunterstützung übertragen und gleichzeitig die Schiene beim Verspannen seitlich fixiert und nieder­gehalten wird.The rail clamping elements are designed and arranged in such a way that the tensioning force generated by a screw or nail or bolt-like connection to the rail support is elastically transferred to the rail foot and the horizontal forces are directly and elastically transferred from the rail foot to the rail support, and at the same time the rail is laterally fixed during tensioning and is held down.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schienenklemmelemente sind elastisch, nachspannbar und auf Schienenunterstützungen aus verschiedenen Materialien mit direkter Schienenauf­lagerung geeignet.The rail clamping elements according to the invention are elastic, can be re-tensioned and are suitable on rail supports made of different materials with direct rail support.

Sie können keilförmig, als Winkelleiste oder als Höckerklemmelement ausgebildet sein. Teile des Verbin­dungselementes (Schraube, Nagel oder Bolzen) ragen im verspannten Zustand über die Schienenfußkante in Richtung Schienenmitte heraus. Im gelösten Zustand liegen alle Teile außerhalb der senkrechten Fläche, ausgehend von der Kante des Schienenfußes, wobei die Verbindungselemente in der Schienenunterstützung 1 : 4 bis 1 : 8, vorzugsweise 1 : 6, zur Senkrechten geneigt sind.They can be wedge-shaped, designed as an angle bar or as a cupping clamping element. Parts of the connecting element (screw, nail or bolt) protrude from the rail base edge towards the center of the rail when it is tensioned. In the released state, all parts lie outside the vertical surface, starting from the edge of the rail foot, the connecting elements in the rail support being inclined 1: 4 to 1: 8, preferably 1: 6, to the vertical.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schienenklemmelemente sind zu den Verbindungselementen, wie Schrauben, Nägeln oder Bolzen, so angeordnet, daß bei der gesamten Schienen­befestigung keine gegenseitige Berührung von Stahlteilen möglich ist. Dadurch wird Lärm vermieden und der Ver­ schleiß reduziert. Außerdem wird ein hoher elektrischer Widerstand zwischen Schiene und Schienenunterstützung erreicht. Schienenklemmelemente können so eingesetzt werden, daß die bekannten Stahlplatten zur Kraftvertei­lung eingespart werden können.The rail clamping elements according to the invention are arranged in relation to the connecting elements, such as screws, nails or bolts, in such a way that steel parts cannot come into contact with one another during the entire rail fastening. This prevents noise and the ver wear reduced. In addition, a high electrical resistance between the rail and rail support is achieved. Rail clamping elements can be used so that the known steel plates for power distribution can be saved.

Die Schienenklemmelemente können auch als geschlitz­te Elastomer-Klemmelemente ausgeführt sein, die über eine Schraubverbindung und eine geschlitzte Kraftverteiler­platte den Schienenfuß mit der Schienenunterstützung verspannen. Durch diese Variante ist eine schnelle Montage bzw. Demontage der Schienenbefestigung gegeben.The rail clamping elements can also be designed as slotted elastomer clamping elements which brace the rail base with the rail support via a screw connection and a slotted force distribution plate. This variant enables the rail fastening to be assembled and disassembled quickly.

Die hochmoduligen TPU-Isolier- und Federelemente oder Schienenklemmelemente sind mit üblicher Spritzguß­technik herstellbar. Die zur Anwendung gelangenden Spritzgießwerkzeuge sind vorteilhafterweise mit großzügig gestaltetem Angußkanalsystem versehen. Das Anspritzen der Isolier- und Federelemente oder Schienenklemmelemente als Befestigungselemente erfolgt über herkömmliche Anschnitt­varianten.The high-modulus TPU insulation and spring elements or rail clamping elements can be manufactured using conventional injection molding technology. The injection molding tools used are advantageously provided with a generously designed sprue system. The insulating and spring elements or rail clamping elements as fastening elements are molded on using conventional gate variants.

Die für das erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigungs­system verwendeten Isolier- und Federelemente oder Schie­nenklemmelemente aus kältebeständigen, hochmoduligen TPU sind dadurch charakterisiert, daß sie aus höhermoleku­laren Polyhydroxylverbindungen und Diisocyanaten in einem Äquivalentverhältnis von 1 zu 7 bis 1 zu 14 sowie aus niedermolekularen Hydroxylverbindungen mit einem Äquiva­lentverhältnis zu den höhermolekularen Polyhydroxyl­verbindungen von 1 zu 5 bis 1 zu 12 bestehen.The insulating and spring elements or rail clamping elements made of cold-resistant, high-modulus TPU used for the rail fastening system according to the invention are characterized in that they consist of higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and diisocyanates in an equivalent ratio of 1 to 7 to 1 to 14 as well as low molecular weight hydroxyl compounds with an equivalent ratio to the higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds consist of 1 in 5 to 1 in 12.

Als höhermolekulare Hydroxylverbindungen zur Her­stellung des kältebeständigen TPU wird ein Polyester­alkohol mit einer mittleren molaren Masse von 1 800 bis 2 500, basierend auf Adipinsäure und einem Gemisch aus Hexandiol-1,6 und Butandiol-1,4 in einem Äquivalentverhältnis von 1 zu 3 bis 3 zu 1 an Hexan­diol-1,6 zu Butandiol-1,4 bevorzugt.A polyester alcohol with an average molar mass of. Is used as the higher molecular weight hydroxyl compound for producing the cold-resistant TPU 1,800 to 2,500, based on adipic acid and a mixture of 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol in an equivalent ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1 of 1,6-hexanediol to 1,4-butanediol are preferred.

Als niedermolekulare Hydroxylverbindungen finden lineare aliphatische und/oder aromatische Diole mit einer molaren Masse von 60 bis 600 Verwendung, die gegebenen­falls 1 bis 3 Massenanteile in % Monoole als Reaktions- und Molmassenregulator für die TPU-Synthese enthalten.Linear aliphatic and / or aromatic diols with a molar mass of 60 to 600 are used as low molecular weight hydroxyl compounds, which may contain 1 to 3 parts by mass in% of monools as reaction and molar mass regulators for TPU synthesis.

Als Diisocyanat wird in den TPU bevorzugt 4,4-Di­phenylmethandiisocyanat eingesetzt. Neben den Aufbaukom­ponenten können weitere Hilfsmittel und Zusatzstoffe zum Einsatz kommen, wie beispielsweise Gleitmittel, Hydro­lyse- Alterungs- und Lichtschutzmittel, Farbstoffe, Pig­mente, anorganische und/oder organische Füllstoffe und Verstärkungsmittel.4,4-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate is preferably used as the diisocyanate in the TPU. In addition to the structural components, other auxiliaries and additives can be used, such as, for example, lubricants, hydrolysis, aging and light stabilizers, dyes, pigments, inorganic and / or organic fillers and reinforcing agents.

Die Herstellung des TPU wird vorzugsweise nach dem one-shot-Verfahren durchgeführt, wobei die hydroxylhal­tigen Komponenten, Hilfsmittel und Zusatzstoffe mit der Diisocyanatkomponente bei 50 bis 200 Grad Celsius mit­einander vermischt und nach erfolgter Reaktion bei 120 bis 200 Grad Celsius die Polymermasse granuliert wird. Aus dem TPU-Granulat erhält man die erfindungsgemäßen Isolier-, Feder- und Klemmelemente mittels Spritzguß­verfahren.The TPU is preferably produced by the one-shot process, the hydroxyl-containing components, auxiliaries and additives being mixed with the diisocyanate component at 50 to 200 degrees Celsius and, after the reaction has taken place, the polymer mass being granulated at 120 to 200 degrees Celsius. The insulating, spring and clamping elements according to the invention are obtained from the TPU granulate by means of injection molding.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Materialzusammensetzung der Schienenbefestigungsvorrichtung wird eine verbesserte Kältestabilität der Teile und eine Kältesprödigkeits­temperatur von -35 Grad Celsius erreicht, welche mit bekannten Polyurethanrohstoffen auf Polyesteralkoholbasis bisher nicht möglich war. Die Teile besitzen eine Druck­ festigkeit von ≧ 35 N/mm² und eine elastische Druckver­formbarkeit bis 40 %, die für die enorme Belastung im Schienenbereich voll den Anforderungen entspricht.With the material composition of the rail fastening device according to the invention, improved cold stability of the parts and a cold brittleness temperature of -35 degrees Celsius is achieved, which was previously not possible with known polyurethane raw materials based on polyester alcohol. The parts have a print strength of ≧ 35 N / mm² and elastic compressibility up to 40%, which fully meets the requirements for the enormous load in the rail area.

Versuche zur Aufnahme der Federkennlinien ergaben, daß durch den Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Isolier- und Federlemente gegenüber bekannten Stahlfedervarianten eine 50%ige Bauhöheneinsparung bei einer gleichzeitigen 60­%igen Erhöhung des Federweges bei konstanter Kraft erreicht wurde.Attempts to record the spring characteristics showed that the use of the insulating and spring elements according to the invention compared to known steel spring variants achieved a 50% overall height saving with a simultaneous 60% increase in spring travel with constant force.

Ausführungsbeispiel 1Embodiment 1

41,06 Massenanteile eines linearen Polyesteralkohols auf der Basis von Adipinsäure, Hexandiol-1,6 und Butan­diol-1,4 mit einem Molekulargewicht von 2150 werden bei 60 Grad Celsius mit 11,41 Massenanteilen Butandiol-1,4, 4,56 Massenanteilen eines niedermolekularen Diols auf der Basis Adipinsäure, Diethylenglykol und Ethylenglykol mit einem Molekulargewicht von 546 sowie mit 0,32 Massenan­teilen eines Monools auf der Basis eines Gemisches von C8 - C18-Fettalkoholen, 0,77 Massenanteilen eines Hydrolyse­schutzmittels und mit 0,14 Massenanteilen eines Gleit­mittels 60 Sekunden lang vermischt und anschließend mit 41,74 Massenanteilen auf 50 Grad Celsius erhitztem 4,4-­Diphenylmethandiisocyanat unter ständigem Rühren zur Reaktion gebracht. Das NCO/OH-Verhältnis der Reaktanden beträgt 1,06 : 1.41.06 parts by mass of a linear polyester alcohol based on adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol with a molecular weight of 2150 are at 60 degrees Celsius with 11.41 parts by mass of 1,4-butanediol, 4.56 parts by mass low molecular weight diols based on adipic acid, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 546 and with 0.32 parts by mass of a monool based on a mixture of C8 - C18 fatty alcohols, 0.77 parts by weight of a hydrolysis protection agent and with 0.14 parts by weight of a lubricant 60 Mixed for seconds and then reacted with 41.74 parts by mass of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate heated to 50 degrees Celsius with constant stirring. The NCO / OH ratio of the reactants is 1.06: 1.

Das Äquivalentverhältnis des höhermolekularen Polyols zum Diisocyanat beträgt 1 : 8,7. Das Äquivalent­verhältnis von höhermolekularen Diol zu den niedermoleku­laren Diolen beträgt 1 : 7,1. Nach einer Minute Homogeni­sierung wird die Reaktionsmischung auf ein Blech von 130 Grad Celsius gegossen. Die erstarrte Polyurethan-Form­masse ist nach 36 h granulierfähig.The equivalent ratio of the higher molecular weight polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 8.7. The equivalent ratio of high molecular weight diol to low molecular weight diols is 1: 7.1. After one minute of homogenization, the reaction mixture is poured onto a sheet at 130 degrees Celsius. The solidified polyurethane molding compound can be granulated after 36 hours.

Die aus dem Granulat nach dem Spritzgußverfahren gefertigten Prüfkörper haben folgende Kennwerte: Shore-Härte-D 59 Zugfestigkeit 69 N/mm² Bruchdehnung 458 % Abrieb 47 mm³ Druckfestigkeit 38 N/mm² Stoßelastizität 34 % Druckverformungsrest (bei Raumtemperatur) 12 % Kälteverhalten (nach DIN 53 545) Kältesprödigkeitstemperatur -40 bis -45 °C Kälterichtwert -24 °C Isoliereigenschaften (nach DIN 53 482 und DIN 53 483) gemessen bei 800 Hz spezifischer Durchgangswiderstand φD 2·10¹³Ω·cm relative Dielektrizitätskonstante Er 5,85 dielektrischer Verlustfaktor tanδ 0,035 The test specimens produced from the granulate by the injection molding process have the following characteristic values: Shore hardness-D 59 tensile strenght 69 N / mm² Elongation at break 458% Abrasion 47 mm³ Compressive strength 38 N / mm² Impact elasticity 34% Compression set (at room temperature) 12% Cold behavior (according to DIN 53 545) Cold brittleness temperature -40 to -45 ° C Cold benchmark -24 ° C Insulating properties (according to DIN 53 482 and DIN 53 483) measured at 800 Hz volume resistivity φD 2 · 10 13 Ω · cm relative dielectric constant E r 5.85 dielectric loss factor tanδ 0.035

Ausführungsbeispiel 2Embodiment 2

45,93 Massenanteile eines linearen Polyesteralkohols auf der Basis von Adipinsäure, Hexandiol-1,6 und Butan­diol-1,4 mit einem Molekulargewicht von 2 000 werden bei 60 Grad Celsius mit 11,81 Massenanteilen Butandiol-1,4, 0,78 Massenanteilen eines Hydrolyseschutzmittels und mit 0,14 Massenanteilen eines Gleitmittels 60 Sekunden lang vermischt und anschließend mit 41,34 Massenanteilen auf 50 Grad Celsius erhitztem 4,4-Diphenylmethandiisocyanat unter ständigem Rühren zur Reaktion gebracht. Das NCO/OH-­Verhältnis der Reaktanden beträgt 1,06 : 1.45.93 parts by mass of a linear polyester alcohol based on adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol with a molecular weight of 2,000 are at 60 degrees Celsius with 11.81 parts by mass of 1,4-butanediol, 0.78 parts by mass a hydrolysis inhibitor and with 0.14 parts by mass of a lubricant mixed for 60 seconds and then reacted with 41.34 parts by mass of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate heated to 50 degrees Celsius with constant stirring. The NCO / OH ratio of the reactants is 1.06: 1.

Das Äquivalentverhältnis des höhermolekularen Poly­ols zum Diisocyanat beträgt 1 : 7,2. Das Äquivalent­verhältnis des höhermolekularen Diols zum niedermoleku­laren Diol beträgt 1 : 5,7. Nach einer Minute Homogeni­sierung wird die Reaktionsmischung auf ein Blech von 120 Grad Celsius gegossen. Die erstarrte Polyurethan-Form­masse ist nach 36 h granulierfähig.The equivalent ratio of the higher molecular weight polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 7.2. The equivalent ratio of the high molecular weight diol to the low molecular weight diol is 1: 5.7. After one minute of homogenization, the reaction mixture is poured onto a sheet at 120 degrees Celsius. The solidified polyurethane molding compound can be granulated after 36 hours.

Die aus dem Granulat nach dem Spritzgußverfahren gefertigten Prüfkörper haben folgende Kennwerte: Shore-Härte-D 57 Zugfestigkeit 63 N/mm² Bruchdehnung 461 % Abrieb 64 mm³ Druckfestigkeit 36 N/mm² Stoßelastizität 30 % Druckverformungsrest (bei Raumtemperatur) 16 % Kälteverhalten Kältesprödigkeitstemperatur -35 bis -40 °C Kälterichtwert -23 °C Isoliereigenschaften spez. Durchgangswiderstand φD 1,85·10¹³Ω·cm relative Dielektrizitätskonstante Er 5,8 dielektrischer Verlustfaktor tanδ 0,033 The test specimens produced from the granulate by the injection molding process have the following characteristic values: Shore hardness-D 57 tensile strenght 63 N / mm² Elongation at break 461% Abrasion 64 mm³ Compressive strength 36 N / mm² Impact elasticity 30% Compression set (at room temperature) 16% Cold behavior Cold brittleness temperature -35 to -40 ° C Cold benchmark -23 ° C Insulation properties spec. Volume resistance φD 1.85 x 10 13 Ω cm relative dielectric constant E r 5.8 dielectric loss factor tanδ 0.033

Ausführungsbeispiel 3Embodiment 3

Aus dem TPU nach Beispielen 1 und 2 wurden Isolier- und Federelemente nach Beispiel 4, siehe Skizze, nach dem Spritzgießverfahren hergestellt. Die praxisnahen Ver­suche wurden auf einem Impulsator mit einer Schwellast von 0 bis 30 kN bis zu 8 Millionen Lastwechsel durchge­führt.Insulating and spring elements according to Example 4, see sketch, were produced from the TPU according to Examples 1 and 2 by the injection molding process. The practical tests were carried out on a pulsator with a threshold load of 0 to 30 kN up to 8 million load changes.

Während die parallel geprüften Stahlfederringe nach 500 000 Lastwechseln völlig verschlissen waren, wiesen die erfindungsgemäßen TPU-Elemente keinerlei Beschädi­gungen, keine Risse und keinen Verschleiß auf und zeigten ein gutes Dämpfungsvermögen. Nach Aufnahme von Federkenn­linien konnte beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Isolier- und Federelemente gegenüber einer Stahlvariante eine 50­%ige Bauhöheneinsparung bei einer gleichzeitigen 60%igen Erhöhung des Federweges bei konstanter Kraft erreicht werden.While the steel spring washers tested in parallel were completely worn out after 500,000 load changes, the TPU elements according to the invention showed no damage, no cracks and no wear and showed good damping capacity. After recording the spring characteristics, when using the insulating and spring elements according to the invention, compared to a steel variant, a saving of 50% in height and a simultaneous 60% increase in spring travel with constant force could be achieved.

Nach Bestücken von Spannbetonschwellen, die einen Widerstand von 2 bis 5 k Ω aufweisen, mit den Isoslier- und Federelementen aus dem TPU-Material nach Beispiel 1 und 2 konnten Isolierwerte von ≧ 500 k Ω erreicht werden.After equipping prestressed concrete sleepers with a resistance of 2 to 5 k Ω with the isoslier and spring elements made of the TPU material according to Examples 1 and 2, insulation values of ≧ 500 k Ω could be achieved.

Weitere Vorteile und Besonderheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der in den Zeichnungen dar­gestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen elastisch und elektrisch isolierte Befestigungsvorrichtungen gemäß der Erfindung in der Anwendung bei der Beton- oder Holzunterschwellung.
Further advantages and special features of the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
  • 1 and 2 show elastically and electrically insulated fastening devices according to the invention in use in concrete or wood sublimation.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel trägt eine Beton- oder Holzunterschwellung eine Schiene, wobei eine Platte 2 aus isolierendem und dämpfendem TPU unterlegt ist. Eine im Dübel bzw. Holz der Unterschwel­lung verankerte Schwellenschraube 21 überträgt die Ver­spannkraft über eine TPU-Isolierbuchse 1 auf ein stähler­nes Klemmelement 20 und wird durch die Isolierbuchse mechanisch und elektrisch von diesem getrennt. Die Schie­nenfußkante wird durch eine hochverschleißfeste, elasti­sche und elektrisch isolierte TPU-Leiste 3 vom Klemm­element getrennt. In einer Ausnehmung in der Unter­schwellung wird durch eine trogförmige TPU-Leiste 4 das stählerne Klemmelement 20 elastisch- und mechanisch ge­trennt verspannt.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a concrete or wooden sublimation carries a rail, a plate 2 made of insulating and damping TPU being underlaid. A threshold screw 21 anchored in the dowel or wood of the sublimation transmits the clamping force via a TPU insulating bush 1 to a steel clamping element 20 and is mechanically and electrically separated from the latter by the insulating bush. The rail base edge is separated from the clamping element by a highly wear-resistant, elastic and electrically insulated TPU strip 3. The steel clamping element 20 is clamped in an elastically and mechanically separate manner in a recess in the sub-swelling by means of a trough-shaped TPU strip 4.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel trägt eine Beton- oder Holzunterschwellung eine Schiene auf einer herkömmlichen elastischen Unterlage aus z. B. Gummi, wobei die Schienenfußkante durch eine hochver­schleißfeste, elastische und elektrisch isolierte TPU-­Leiste 3 vom Klemmelement getrennt wird. Die im Dübel bzw. Holz der Unterschwellung verankterte Schwellen­schraube überträgt die Verspannkraft über eine TPU Feder­scheibe 5 auf das stählerne Klemmelement.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, a concrete or wooden sublimation carries a rail on a conventional elastic base made of z. B. rubber, the rail foot edge is separated by a highly wear-resistant, elastic and electrically insulated TPU strip 3 from the clamping element. The sleeper screw anchored in the dowel or wood of the sublimation transfers the tensioning force to the steel clamping element via a TPU spring washer 5.

In einer Ausnehmung in der Unterschwellung wird durch eine TPU-Leiste 4 das stählerne Klemmelement elastisch und mechanisch getrennt. Die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Leiste 3 hat einen C-förmigen Querschnitt und umgibt die Schienenfußkante, wobei sich ihr oberer Schenkel und ihr Mittelsteg zwischen dem Schienenfuß 9 und der profilierten Klemmplatte 20 befinden.The steel clamping element is elastically and mechanically separated in a recess in the sublimation by a TPU strip 4. The bar 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a C-shaped cross section and surrounds the rail foot edge, with its upper leg and its central web between the rail foot 9 and the profiled clamping plate 20.

Gemäß Fig. 3 weist die Befestigung ein Schienen­klemmelement und eine Schraubverbindung (Schwellen­schraube oder Hammerkopfschraube) auf. Mit einem thermo­plastischem Polyurethan (TPU) Hoeckerklemmelement 6 wird der Schienenfuß 9 von der Schraube 11 mechanisch und elektrisch getrennt und mit der Schienenunterstützung 8 elastisch verspannt. Die Schiene wird durch eine isolie­rende und dämpfende TPU-Platte 10 von der Unterschwellung getrennt. Damit wird die elektrische Isolierung der Schiene bewirkt. Außerdem erfolgt eine vollständige Ab­dichtung der Spannhülse bzw. des Dübels gegen Feuchtig­keit.3, the fastening has a rail clamping element and a screw connection (sleeper screw or hammer head screw). The rail base 9 is mechanically and electrically separated from the screw 11 using a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) hoop clamping element 6 and is elastically braced with the rail support 8. The rail is separated from the swelling by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10. This effects the electrical insulation of the rail. In addition, the adapter sleeve or dowel is completely sealed against moisture.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Befestigung mit einem Schienen­klemmelement, wobei die Schiene mittels Schienennagel verspannt und auf einer Beton- oder Holzunterschwellung niedergehalten wird. Mit einem TPU-Klemmelement 7 und einem Schienennagel 12 sowie einer Kraftverteilerplatte 13 wird der Schienenfuß 9 isolierend verspannt und nieder gehalten. Die Schiene wird durch eine isolierende und dämpfende TPU-Platte 10 von der Schienenunterstützung 8 getrennt. So wird eine völlig elastische Verspannung gewährleistet. Zum Schienenfuß hin ist in das Kontakt­element zur Schienenunterstützung das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit ausgeschlossen.Fig. 4 shows the attachment with a rail clamping element, wherein the rail is braced by means of a rail nail and held down on a concrete or wooden undulation. With a TPU clamping element 7 and a rail nail 12 and a power distribution plate 13, the rail base 9 is clamped in an insulating manner and held down. The rail is separated from the rail support 8 by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10. This ensures a completely elastic bracing. Moisture penetration into the contact element to support the rail is prevented.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Befestigung mit Schienenklemm­element, Schraubverbindung und stählerner Kraftverteiler­platte. Mit einem geschlitzten TPU-Klemmelement 14 wird der Schienenfuß 9 von der Schwellenschraube 11 und der geschlitzten Kraftverteilerplatte 15 (aus Stahl) mit der Schienenunterstützung 8 verspannt. Die Schiene wird durch eine isolierende und dämpfende TPU-Platte 10 und dem Klemmelement 14 von der Schienenunterstützung 8 ohne Ent­nahme der Schwellenschraube 11 getrennt. Durch die ge­schlitzte Kraftverteilerplatte ist eine leichte Montage möglich. Ein Eindringen von Flüssigkeit in die Spann­hülse/Dübel ist auch hier nicht mehr möglich.Fig. 5 shows an attachment with rail clamping element, screw connection and steel power distribution plate. With a slotted TPU clamping element 14, the rail foot 9 is braced by the sleeper screw 11 and the slotted force distribution plate 15 (made of steel) with the rail support 8. The rail is covered by an insulating and damping TPU plate 10 and the Clamping element 14 separated from the rail support 8 without removing the sleeper screw 11. The slotted power distribution plate enables easy installation. It is also no longer possible for liquid to penetrate the adapter sleeve / dowel.

Claims (6)

1. Befestigungssystem für Schienen auf Schwellen, bei dem bolzenförmige Verbindungselemente in der Schwelle ver­ankert sind und mit ihrem verbreiterten Kopf den Schie­nenfuß direkt oder über Klemmglieder niederhalten,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß isolierende Feder- oder Klemmelemente (1 bis 4; 6) zwischen den jeweiligen Bauteilen vorgesehen sind, die beim elastischen Verspannen der Verbindungselemente die Lochung und Trennfugen elastisch und dämpfend abdichten und die aus kältebeständigem, hochmoduligem thermo­plastischem Polyurethan (TPU) mit einer Druckfestigkeit von ≧ 35 N/mm und einer elastischen Druckverformbarkeit bis 40 % bestehen.1. fastening system for rails on sleepers, in which bolt-shaped connecting elements are anchored in the sleeper and with their widened head hold the rail foot down directly or via clamping elements,
characterized,
that insulating spring or clamping elements (1 to 4; 6) are provided between the respective components, which seal the perforation and parting joints elastically and damping when the connecting elements are braced, and which are made of cold-resistant, high-modulus thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with a compressive strength of ≧ 35 N / mm and an elastic compressibility up to 40%. 2. Befestigungssystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Schwelle minde­stens ein band- oder leistenförmiges PTU-Element (2, 10) dem Verbindungselement und dem Klemmglied ein scheiben- bzw. buchsenförmiges TPU-Element (3, 4) sowie zwischen der Stützfläche des Klemmelementes und der Schwelle oder dem Schienenfuß mindestens eine profi­lierte TPU-Leiste angeordnet sind.2. Fastening system according to claim 1,
characterized,
that between the rail foot and the threshold at least one band-shaped or strip-shaped PTU element (2, 10), the connecting element and the clamping member a disc or socket-shaped TPU element (3, 4) and between the support surface of the clamping element and the threshold or at least one profiled TPU strip is arranged on the rail foot. 3. Befestigungssystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein geschlitztes TPU-Klemmelement über eine Schraubverbindung und eine geschlitzte Verteilerplatte den Schienenfuß mit der Schienenunterstützung ver­spannt.3. Fastening system according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a slotted TPU clamping element clamps the rail base with the rail support via a screw connection and a slotted distributor plate. 4. Befestigungssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die TPU-Elemente aus thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Polyurethan-Elastomeren eine Kältesprödigkeitstempera­tur von mindestens -35 °C aufweisen, wobei die Poly­urethan-Elastomere aus höhermolekularen Polyhydroxyl­verbindungen und Diisocyanaten in einem Äquivalent­verhältnis von 1:7 bis 1:14 und aktive Wasserstoffatome enthaltenen niedermolekularen Hydoxylverbindungen in einem Äquivalentverhältnis von 1:5 bis 1:12 bestehen und als höhermolekulare Polyhydroxylverbindungen Poly­esteralkohole auf der Basis von Adipinsäure und ein Gemisch aus Hexandiol-1,6 und Butandiol-1,4 in einem Äquivalentverhältnis von 1:3 bis 3:1 an Hexandiol-1,6 zu Butandiol-1,4 mit einer mittleren molaren Masse von 1800 bis 2500 enthalten.4. Fastening system according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the TPU elements made of thermoplastically processable polyurethane elastomers have a cold brittleness temperature of at least -35 ° C, the polyurethane elastomers of higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and diisocyanates in an equivalent ratio of 1: 7 to 1:14 and active hydrogen atoms containing low molecular weight hydrogen compounds in one Equivalent ratio of 1: 5 to 1:12 exist and as higher molecular weight polyhydroxy compounds polyester alcohols based on adipic acid and a mixture of 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol in an equivalent ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1 of hexanediol-1 , 6 to 1,4-butanediol with an average molar mass of 1800 to 2500. 5. Befestigungssystem nach Anspruch 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als aktive Wasserstoffatome enthaltende niedermole­kulare Hydroxylverbindungen aliphatische und/oder aro­matische Diole mit einer molaren Masse von 60 bis 600 Verwendung findet.5. Fastening system according to claim 1 to 4,
characterized,
that aliphatic and / or aromatic diols with a molar mass of 60 to 600 are used as low molecular weight hydroxyl compounds containing active hydrogen atoms. 6. Befestigungssystem nach Anspruch 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als Diisocyanat 4,4′-Diphenylmethandiisocyanat zum einsatz kommt.6. Fastening system according to claim 1 to 5,
characterized,
that 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate is used as the diisocyanate.
EP90106538A 1989-04-18 1990-04-05 Fastening device for rails Expired - Lifetime EP0393432B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90106538T ATE87046T1 (en) 1989-04-18 1990-04-05 FIXING SYSTEM FOR RAILS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD32771889A DD300038A7 (en) 1989-04-18 1989-04-18 INSULATION AND SPRING ELEMENTS FOR FIXING RAILS
DD327717 1989-04-18
DD327718 1989-04-18
DD32771789A DD297854B5 (en) 1989-04-18 1989-04-18 Rail clamping elements

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0393432A2 true EP0393432A2 (en) 1990-10-24
EP0393432A3 EP0393432A3 (en) 1990-11-22
EP0393432B1 EP0393432B1 (en) 1993-03-17

Family

ID=25748273

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90106538A Expired - Lifetime EP0393432B1 (en) 1989-04-18 1990-04-05 Fastening device for rails

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0393432B1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ280276B6 (en)
DE (1) DE59001026D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2042121T3 (en)
HU (1) HUT58377A (en)
NO (1) NO176254C (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4216015A1 (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-18 Harms & Haffke Gmbh & Co Rail-bolting system to sleeper
DE4220112A1 (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-01-05 Harms & Haffke Gmbh & Co Rail fastening with plastic spring element
WO1994005859A1 (en) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-17 Udo Wirthwein Elastic rail fastening system with rail spike
EP2087986A1 (en) 2008-02-05 2009-08-12 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Injection moulded or injection pressed underlay board or mat for rails and method for producing same
WO2012010269A1 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Schwihag Ag Rail fastening system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2249194B1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-05-16 Plasticos Mondragon, S.L.U. SHAMPED PLATE FOR RAIL OF RAILWAY.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE387585C (en) * 1921-07-28 1923-12-29 Fernand Radelet Rail fastening with sleeper screws
US3080120A (en) * 1959-11-02 1963-03-05 Turk Harry Martin De Track insulating washers
US3387781A (en) * 1966-11-23 1968-06-11 Railroad Rubber Products Inc Rail anchor and rail seat construction
FR2122863A5 (en) * 1971-01-19 1972-09-01 Lechler Chemie Gmbh
FR2359245A1 (en) * 1976-07-23 1978-02-17 Vivion Robert FIXING DEVICE FOR RAILWAY ON LONGRINES ARRIVED AT BO end
GB2084636A (en) * 1980-10-04 1982-04-15 Sonneville Roger P Device for affixing a rail to a concrete support

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE387585C (en) * 1921-07-28 1923-12-29 Fernand Radelet Rail fastening with sleeper screws
US3080120A (en) * 1959-11-02 1963-03-05 Turk Harry Martin De Track insulating washers
US3387781A (en) * 1966-11-23 1968-06-11 Railroad Rubber Products Inc Rail anchor and rail seat construction
FR2122863A5 (en) * 1971-01-19 1972-09-01 Lechler Chemie Gmbh
FR2359245A1 (en) * 1976-07-23 1978-02-17 Vivion Robert FIXING DEVICE FOR RAILWAY ON LONGRINES ARRIVED AT BO end
GB2084636A (en) * 1980-10-04 1982-04-15 Sonneville Roger P Device for affixing a rail to a concrete support

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4216015A1 (en) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-18 Harms & Haffke Gmbh & Co Rail-bolting system to sleeper
DE4220112A1 (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-01-05 Harms & Haffke Gmbh & Co Rail fastening with plastic spring element
WO1994005859A1 (en) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-17 Udo Wirthwein Elastic rail fastening system with rail spike
US5758821A (en) * 1992-09-07 1998-06-02 Wirthwein; Udo Elastic rail fastening system with rail spike
EP2087986A1 (en) 2008-02-05 2009-08-12 Semperit Aktiengesellschaft Holding Injection moulded or injection pressed underlay board or mat for rails and method for producing same
WO2012010269A1 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Schwihag Ag Rail fastening system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO176254C (en) 1995-03-01
NO901504D0 (en) 1990-04-03
NO901504L (en) 1990-10-19
NO176254B (en) 1994-11-21
ES2042121T3 (en) 1993-12-01
EP0393432B1 (en) 1993-03-17
CZ280276B6 (en) 1995-12-13
HU901877D0 (en) 1990-08-28
EP0393432A3 (en) 1990-11-22
DE59001026D1 (en) 1993-04-22
CS9001920A2 (en) 1991-10-15
HUT58377A (en) 1992-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2483477B1 (en) Device for bridging an expansion joint
DE3031271A1 (en) CONNECTING ELEMENT
WO2009037204A1 (en) System for fastening a rail on a level, solid underlying surface
EP0393432B1 (en) Fastening device for rails
EP0726359B1 (en) Railway track, especially to be used amidst grass lawns
EP0510497B1 (en) Ballastless superstructure for railways
WO1994025675A2 (en) Resilient rail fastening device
EP1219749A2 (en) Track construction
DE112013000862B4 (en) Track section for a rail and method for increasing the elastic support
WO2005073466A1 (en) Highly elastic electrically insulating rail support point
DD300038A7 (en) INSULATION AND SPRING ELEMENTS FOR FIXING RAILS
EP0218643B1 (en) Level crossing
WO2022117672A1 (en) Elastic intermediate plate and arrangement for fastening a rail for a rail vehicle
DE2951272A1 (en) Polygonal hollow steel railway sleeper - has pref. bitumen asphalt filling and steel end sealing plates
DE3142322A1 (en) Polyisocyanate-polyol-based grouts, and the use thereof
EP1041201B1 (en) Support structure for a railway track section
EP3489413B1 (en) Fire retardant rail chamber filling element, escape route slab and production method
EP0948679B1 (en) Substructure for a railway vehicle track formed from rails
DE4220112C2 (en) Rail fastening with plastic spring element
DE2520791B1 (en) Adhesive bonded expansion joint for roads - has adhesive bonded seat for cover plate of high wear resistance
DE2219991B2 (en) Joint edge made of synthetic resin concrete in road pavements
EP1229169B1 (en) Joint sealing between a rail and a paved area and process of making the same
DE19523232A1 (en) Resilient edge bracing system for rail track crossovers and street rail embedding
DE102021006143A1 (en) Driveable structure
AT321350B (en) Joint insert for bridges, roads and the like.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: VEB SYNTHESEWERK SCHWARZHEIDE, KOMBINAT SYS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901218

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910927

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: BASF SCHWARZHEIDE GMBH

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 87046

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19930415

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. C. GREGORJ S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59001026

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930422

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930406

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2042121

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90106538.3

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970314

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970314

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970320

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19970324

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19970418

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980405

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980406

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19980430

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980430

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BASF SCHWARZHEIDE G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 19980430

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980405

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90106538.3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19990324

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19990326

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19990329

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000405

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20000403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20001101

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20030326

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041103

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050405