EP0393257A1 - Filtre à suie pour moteur diesel avec disposition additionnelle pour la réduction d'oxydes d'azote et/ou l'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone - Google Patents

Filtre à suie pour moteur diesel avec disposition additionnelle pour la réduction d'oxydes d'azote et/ou l'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0393257A1
EP0393257A1 EP89201062A EP89201062A EP0393257A1 EP 0393257 A1 EP0393257 A1 EP 0393257A1 EP 89201062 A EP89201062 A EP 89201062A EP 89201062 A EP89201062 A EP 89201062A EP 0393257 A1 EP0393257 A1 EP 0393257A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soot filter
filter according
honeycomb bodies
diesel soot
diesel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89201062A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Brück
Hans-Jürgen Dipl.-Phys. Breuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority to EP89201062A priority Critical patent/EP0393257A1/fr
Publication of EP0393257A1 publication Critical patent/EP0393257A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2821—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates the support being provided with means to enhance the mixing process inside the converter, e.g. sheets, plates or foils with protrusions or projections to create turbulence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2825—Ceramics
    • F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F01N3/2885—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices with exhaust silencers in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/084—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the gases flowing through the silencer two or more times longitudinally in opposite directions, e.g. using parallel or concentric tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
    • F01N2230/02—Exhaust filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
    • F01N2230/04—Catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a diesel soot filter, that is to say a device in the exhaust duct of self-igniting internal combustion engines, which is suitable for retaining the soot particles which are entrained in the exhaust gas as a result of imperfect combustion of the fuel and to which harmful effects are attributed when they enter the atmosphere and thus get into the air.
  • a reduction in soot emissions by about 2/3 can be achieved with honeycomb filters, which are usually made of a ceramic material.
  • honeycomb filters which are usually made of a ceramic material.
  • the retained soot particles clog the channels in the honeycomb body within a comparatively short time to such an extent that the performance of the machine is reduced as a result of the pressure loss which then occurs, or the fuel consumption is significantly increased while the power output remains the same.
  • the soot particles accumulated in the filter must therefore be removed at regular intervals by oxidation, ie combustion.
  • the ignition temperature of the soot is above the usually reached exhaust gas temperature in the range of 540 ° C, which is why an additional heat supply is required to achieve this.
  • the electric heating is preferable for safety and procedural reasons, but because of the poor efficiency of the power generation by the generator driven by the machine itself, it is worth mentioning Increased consumption of fuel.
  • the heating power required can be reduced according to the suggestions made there if the ignition temperature of the soot can be reduced by the addition of catalytically active substances in the fuel.
  • From DE-A 37 11 101 the proposal is known to obtain the heat supply required to reach the ignition temperature from the oxidation of further substances which are inevitably entrained in the exhaust gas, such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons; this oxidation takes place catalytically on the surface of honeycomb bodies of the type described, for example provided with a platinum coating, as are also used to reduce the proportion of pollutants in the exhaust gases of gasoline engines.
  • the cited document also teaches to preheat the additional air blown in to provide the oxygen required for the oxidation by being conducted in heat exchange with the exhaust gases.
  • the object of the present invention is a diesel soot filter of the type described, in which the retained soot particles are optionally intermittently oxidized even when the diesel engine is only operated at partial load, the exhaust gas temperature regularly being below the ignition temperature of the soot; this is also the case if it (according to the proposal known from EP-A-0 077 524) has been reduced catalytically (e.g. also by contacting a correspondingly effective surface of the filter) to values around 350 ° C.
  • the energy requirement for any additional heating that may become necessary should be minimized and an embodiment of the filter proposed that is particularly suitable for supporting the course of the various chemical processes.
  • the diesel particulate filter consists of a plurality of first and second honeycomb bodies, which are alternately arranged one behind the other in the exhaust gas channel and provided with throughflow channels, of which the first honeycomb bodies are provided with a first surface layer, which in itself in a known manner catalytically causes the conversion of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide to nitrogen or carbon dioxide, while the second honeycomb bodies are provided with a second surface layer which, in a manner known per se, catalytically reduces the ignition temperature of the soot adhering to it.
  • the reactions taking place in the first honeycomb bodies are exothermic, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas when it leaves it is increased to such an extent that it is sufficient to bring the soot, which preferably accumulates in the second honeycomb bodies, to the required ignition temperature, which in turn is due to the presence the second coating is reduced.
  • the filter will continuously clean itself, while at the same time converting the nitrogen oxides, which are also considered to be harmful substances, and the carbon monoxide into harmless compounds.
  • the conical shape proposed in claim 2 at least for the second honeycomb body has been proven to improve the retention capacity of the same for soot particles.
  • At least the second honeycomb bodies are provided with an additional electrical heater in order to ensure that a temperature sufficient for the ignition of the soot is reached in the same, for example during idle operation. Because the exhaust gas as a result of in the first honeycomb bodies the exothermic reaction taking place is already heated, the additional electrical heating need only overcome a smaller temperature range and can then be fed without difficulty from the electrical system of a vehicle driven by the diesel engine.
  • the diesel particulate filter is provided with inlet channels for the supply of additional air. This ensures that sufficient oxygen is available for the oxidation of the soot particles.
  • the heat balance of the filter is improved by the embodiment proposed in claim 6, in which the inlet ducts for the supply air are in heat exchange with the latter before they enter the exhaust duct.
  • the inlet channels are provided with an additional heater.
  • this additional heating preferably consists of at least one electrically heated third honeycomb body through which the additional air flows.
  • the supply of additional air is usually caused by the soot pressure caused by the movement when using the diesel soot filter in vehicles.
  • the supply of additional air is at least temporarily supported by a blower.
  • honeycomb bodies are proposed to produce the first and / or second and / or third honeycomb bodies from a metallic material.
  • the same reasons are decisive, which have also caused the applicant to offer such honeycomb bodies as catalyst carriers for the detoxification of the exhaust gases from gasoline engines, namely a faster reaching of their operating temperature in addition to increased mechanical strength, as is particularly the case for use in road vehicles Meaning is.
  • the metal honeycomb body can be flowed through directly by the current and thus act as a heater for the proposed additional heating.
  • the first and / or second and / or third honeycomb bodies can be made from a ceramic material, in particular for motors that are operated at constant power, preferably stationary.
  • the catalytically active (and metallic) surface layer also used as a heating element of the auxiliary heater.
  • the proposed diesel soot filter can also be operated at lower exhaust gas temperatures, there is also the possibility according to claim 15 of arranging it in that part of the exhaust gas duct which is designed as a silencer. In this area, the space available for accommodating the diesel soot filter is generally better than in the vicinity of the engine, and the ones that are used anyway to dampen the exhaust sound, sometimes. ducts guided against one another can be integrated with the ducts for supplying the additional air to form a more favorable design.
  • the exhaust gas of a diesel engine is discharged through a channel 1, the direction of flow of the exhaust gases being indicated by the arrows 2.
  • the exhaust duct 1 opens into a muffler, which in a known manner consists of a prechamber 3, a main chamber 4 and a collecting chamber 5, which are separated from each other by baffles 6 and which is repeatedly deflected in its flow direction and Exhaust gas divided into partial streams flows through distributor openings 7 until it is brought together via collection openings 8 in a continuation of the exhaust gas duct 1 that finally opens into the atmosphere.
  • a plurality of honeycomb bodies are arranged in the exhaust gas stream 2, specifically alternating first honeycomb body 9 and second honeycomb body 10, here of cylindrical, partially designed as a ring.
  • the honeycomb bodies 9, 10 can be made from a ceramic material or, preferably, from sheet metal.
  • the first honeycomb bodies 9 are provided with a first coating containing platinum and / or rhodium, the catalytic effect of which on the exhaust gas leads to the carbon monoxide contained in it being oxidized to carbon dioxide while the various nitrogen oxides are being split, so that ultimately harmless products are released into the atmosphere. It is known to the person skilled in the art that this catalytic reaction only proceeds in the desired manner when a certain stoichiometric composition of the exhaust gas is present; Devices for regulating the composition of the exhaust gas, which are also not shown, are therefore required, but these are not the subject of the present invention and are assumed to be known.
  • the structure of the first honeycomb bodies 9 is relatively coarse-celled, so that the soot particles carried in the exhaust gas are not appreciably reflected in them, especially since the flow therein is largely laminar.
  • the second honeycomb bodies 10 have a smaller cell structure, so that the soot particles are highly likely to collide with the webs 11 separating the cells and stick to them. This effect is exacerbated by the fact that the webs 11 of the first honeycomb bodies 9 are bent out of the flow direction at least at their rear end seen in the flow direction and thus (see FIG. 4) form the noses 12 which promote swirling. This can be accomplished particularly easily in the case of metallic honeycomb bodies which are constructed from sheet metal layers 13, 14 which are spirally wound, alternately smooth and corrugated.
  • the second honeycomb bodies 10 are provided with a second coating containing silver vanadate, which has a catalytic effect by reducing the soot temperature of the soot accumulating here to such an extent that the (increased by the exothermic reaction in the first honeycomb bodies 9)
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas is sufficient to initiate combustion of the soot before it has blocked a significant number of cells in the second honeycomb body 10.
  • the combustion which is carried out as completely as possible, that is to say carbon dioxide, requires additional oxygen which is supplied through air channels 15.
  • These channels can be self-priming through a suitable design of their openings projecting into the exhaust gas stream 2, so that an adequate air supply is ensured even without the aid of external forces, for example the dynamic pressure on a moving vehicle equipped with the relevant diesel engine.
  • the air supply can be at least temporarily supported by a fan 16, as indicated schematically in FIG. Since the air channels 15 are guided in counterflow to the exhaust gas and are in heat exchange with it, sufficient preheating of the additional air can be expected in normal operation. Under special conditions, for example at extremely low ambient temperatures, it may be advantageous to provide a third honeycomb body 17 in the air duct 15, which is electrically conductive and acts as a heater by connection to a current source 18, which is also only indicated schematically. Expediently, like the first and second honeycomb bodies 9, 10, it is also constructed spirally from alternately smooth and corrugated sheet metal layers 13, 14 (shown in FIG.
  • the second honeycomb bodies 10 can be connected to the power source 18 and act as a heating element if, despite their increase due to the catalytic reaction in the first honeycomb bodies 9 and the effect of the second coating on the second honeycomb bodies 10, the exhaust gas temperature is not sufficient for the To burn soot.
  • honeycomb bodies 9, 10, 17 made of ceramic material are used, the catalytic layers expediently serve, since the metal itself is used as a heating conductor. Both metallic honeycomb bodies acting directly as a heating conductor, it goes without saying that the individual sheet-metal layers 13, 14 are separated from one another by insulating layers (not shown here) as soon as necessary.
  • the second honeycomb bodies 10 can have a conical shape as shown in FIG.
  • the diesel soot filter can be provided with thermal insulation 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
EP89201062A 1989-04-17 1989-04-17 Filtre à suie pour moteur diesel avec disposition additionnelle pour la réduction d'oxydes d'azote et/ou l'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone Withdrawn EP0393257A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89201062A EP0393257A1 (fr) 1989-04-17 1989-04-17 Filtre à suie pour moteur diesel avec disposition additionnelle pour la réduction d'oxydes d'azote et/ou l'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89201062A EP0393257A1 (fr) 1989-04-17 1989-04-17 Filtre à suie pour moteur diesel avec disposition additionnelle pour la réduction d'oxydes d'azote et/ou l'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone

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EP0393257A1 true EP0393257A1 (fr) 1990-10-24

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4110395A1 (de) * 1991-03-28 1992-10-01 Roth Technik Gmbh Katalysator
EP0556846A1 (fr) * 1992-02-19 1993-08-25 LEISTRITZ AG & CO. Abgastechnik Silencieux d'échappement pour moteur diesel et en particulier pour véhicules utilitaires
WO1994008698A1 (fr) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-28 Air Safe Exhaust Systems Pty. Ltd. Filtre a gaz
EP1276549A1 (fr) 2000-04-25 2003-01-22 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Procede permettant d'eliminer des particules de suie de gaz d'echappement et element collecteur associe
DE10361791A1 (de) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-28 Volkswagen Ag Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Regeneration einer solchen Abgasreinigungsanlage
US7340888B2 (en) 2005-04-26 2008-03-11 Donaldson Company, Inc. Diesel particulate matter reduction system
DE102008022081A1 (de) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung
US7862640B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2011-01-04 Donaldson Company, Inc. Low temperature diesel particulate matter reduction system
US8763375B2 (en) 2010-08-19 2014-07-01 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas cleaning device, exhaust system, removal method
CN104165256A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中国科学院声学研究所 一种用于通风管路系统的有源消声器
CN104165255A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中国科学院声学研究所 一种通风管路用主被动复合消声器
US9222392B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2015-12-29 Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas treatment device
CN105370358A (zh) * 2015-11-24 2016-03-02 徐秋苹 一种摩托车排气管
CN109356686A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-02-19 卢宝良 柴油发动机尾气黑烟净化器

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US3785781A (en) * 1971-10-04 1974-01-15 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus for catalytically converting fluid
US4072471A (en) * 1974-05-28 1978-02-07 Mobil Oil Corporation Catalytic converter for removing noxious components from a gaseous stream
DE2905241A1 (de) * 1979-02-12 1980-08-14 Bremshey Ag Traegermatrix fuer einen katalytischen reaktor zur abgasreinigung bei brennkraftmaschinen
US4404795A (en) * 1980-06-19 1983-09-20 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of and apparatus for reducing emitted amount of particulates contained in exhaust gas of diesel engine
US4416674A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-11-22 Texaco Inc. Filter for treating a particle-carrying gaseous stream
EP0154145A2 (fr) * 1984-02-28 1985-09-11 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'échappement de moteurs Diesel
EP0220505A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement
DE8716319U1 (de) * 1987-12-10 1988-05-05 Waschkuttis, Gerhard, 8551 Wiesenthau Rußfilter für Diesel-Fahrzeuge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3785781A (en) * 1971-10-04 1974-01-15 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus for catalytically converting fluid
US4072471A (en) * 1974-05-28 1978-02-07 Mobil Oil Corporation Catalytic converter for removing noxious components from a gaseous stream
DE2905241A1 (de) * 1979-02-12 1980-08-14 Bremshey Ag Traegermatrix fuer einen katalytischen reaktor zur abgasreinigung bei brennkraftmaschinen
US4404795A (en) * 1980-06-19 1983-09-20 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of and apparatus for reducing emitted amount of particulates contained in exhaust gas of diesel engine
US4416674A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-11-22 Texaco Inc. Filter for treating a particle-carrying gaseous stream
EP0154145A2 (fr) * 1984-02-28 1985-09-11 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'échappement de moteurs Diesel
EP0220505A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0677141B1 (fr) * 1991-03-28 1997-01-22 ROTH-Technik GmbH & Co. Forschung für Automobil- und Umwelttechnik Catalyseur
DE4110395A1 (de) * 1991-03-28 1992-10-01 Roth Technik Gmbh Katalysator
EP0556846A1 (fr) * 1992-02-19 1993-08-25 LEISTRITZ AG & CO. Abgastechnik Silencieux d'échappement pour moteur diesel et en particulier pour véhicules utilitaires
WO1994008698A1 (fr) * 1992-10-08 1994-04-28 Air Safe Exhaust Systems Pty. Ltd. Filtre a gaz
US7727498B2 (en) 2000-04-25 2010-06-01 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Method for removing soot particles from an exhaust gas, associated collecting element and system
EP1276549A1 (fr) 2000-04-25 2003-01-22 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Procede permettant d'eliminer des particules de suie de gaz d'echappement et element collecteur associe
US8066952B2 (en) 2000-04-25 2011-11-29 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Method for removing soot particles from an exhaust gas, associated collecting element and system
US8066951B2 (en) 2000-04-25 2011-11-29 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Method for removing soot particles from an exhaust gas, associated collecting element and system
DE10361791A1 (de) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-28 Volkswagen Ag Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Regeneration einer solchen Abgasreinigungsanlage
US7340888B2 (en) 2005-04-26 2008-03-11 Donaldson Company, Inc. Diesel particulate matter reduction system
US8808418B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2014-08-19 Donaldson Company Low temperature diesel particulate matter reduction system
US7862640B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2011-01-04 Donaldson Company, Inc. Low temperature diesel particulate matter reduction system
DE102008022081A1 (de) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung
US8336301B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2012-12-25 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas treatment unit
US9222392B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2015-12-29 Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas treatment device
US8763375B2 (en) 2010-08-19 2014-07-01 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas cleaning device, exhaust system, removal method
CN104165256A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中国科学院声学研究所 一种用于通风管路系统的有源消声器
CN104165255A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中国科学院声学研究所 一种通风管路用主被动复合消声器
CN104165255B (zh) * 2013-05-17 2016-02-03 中国科学院声学研究所 一种通风管路用主被动复合消声器
CN104165256B (zh) * 2013-05-17 2016-02-03 中国科学院声学研究所 一种用于通风管路系统的有源消声器
CN105370358A (zh) * 2015-11-24 2016-03-02 徐秋苹 一种摩托车排气管
CN109356686A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-02-19 卢宝良 柴油发动机尾气黑烟净化器

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