EP0392162B1 - Gas hob comprising at least one radiant gas burner beneath a glass ceramic plate and method for reducing the heating time of such a gas hob - Google Patents
Gas hob comprising at least one radiant gas burner beneath a glass ceramic plate and method for reducing the heating time of such a gas hob Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0392162B1 EP0392162B1 EP90103076A EP90103076A EP0392162B1 EP 0392162 B1 EP0392162 B1 EP 0392162B1 EP 90103076 A EP90103076 A EP 90103076A EP 90103076 A EP90103076 A EP 90103076A EP 0392162 B1 EP0392162 B1 EP 0392162B1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- burner
- temperature
- burner plate
- cooking appliance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
- F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
- F24C3/06—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate without any visible flame
- F24C3/067—Ranges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
- F24C3/12—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24C3/126—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas cooking device with at least one gas radiation burner arranged under an exhaust gas-tight glass ceramic hotplate with a burner plate, control devices for the gas supply, ignition and safety devices and monitoring devices for the temperature of the cover plate, and to a method for reducing the heating-up time of such a gas cooking device.
- Gas cooking devices with gas radiant burner and glass ceramic hotplate have been described in numerous embodiments, e.g. in US Pat. No. 3,468,298, DE-OS 26 21 801, US Pat. No. 4,083,355 or US Pat. No. 4,201,184.
- gas radiation burners the gas is burned on the surface of a burner plate made of porous ceramic.
- one or more such gas radiation burners are arranged at a distance below a common glass ceramic plate known per se, a cooking point being formed by each burner on the upper side of the glass ceramic plate.
- Each individual gas radiation burner is provided with an ignition device and with an ignition protection device to prevent fuel gas mixture flowing out unused.
- the description of a burner plate can be found e.g. in EP-A 187 508.
- the temperature of the radiating burner plate is between about 900 ° C and 950 ° C depending on the temperature resistance of the material.
- the maximum amount of gas that can be fed to the burner is limited by design measures so that a maximum operating temperature is not exceeded, e.g. to protect the material of the burner plate or the cooking surface and to avoid unnecessary energy losses.
- the permissible maximum temperature of glass ceramic cooktops is usually between about 700 ° C and 750 ° C. Because in pots with unsuitable bases or unoccupied hotplates with a high output set, temperatures of within a short time in the glass ceramic hotplate 900 ° C and more can occur, a temperature limiter is provided to protect the glass ceramic hotplate, by which such excess temperatures are reliably prevented. Such temperature limiters are described in detail, for example, in DE-OS 26 21 801 or US Pat. No. 4,201,184.
- a regulation or control of the burner output For practical use for heating a cooking surface, in addition to a temperature limit, there must also be a regulation or control of the burner output.
- Two principles are known for controlling the output: on the one hand the burner is operated continuously and the amount of gas supplied is reduced or increased in accordance with the required output and on the other hand the burner is operated in a clocked manner, i.e. the burner is always operated with the maximum gas volume and the required output results from the ratio of the switch-on time to the switch-off time (cycle ratio).
- a power control can also be provided in which a temperature sensor regulates the power output as a function of the hotplate temperature, as is the case e.g. is described in detail in U.S. Patent No. 4,201,184.
- the object of the invention is therefore to find a gas cooking device with a gas radiation burner and a glass ceramic hotplate, in which the heating-up time of the burner plate is considerably reduced after switching on, and also to find a method for reducing the heating-up time in a gas cooking device of the type mentioned.
- the principle of the invention is thus that of the burner during its heating phase, i.e. after switching on (ignition) or when switching to full power, supply a gas quantity with which the hotplate would be overloaded in terms of temperature in the long term, since this gas quantity would cause such a high temperature when burned that e.g. the maximum temperature permitted for the ceramic of the burner plate or the cooking surface would be exceeded, or that inadmissibly high energy losses would occur.
- this increased amount of gas is harmless as long as the permissible maximum temperature has not yet been reached in normal operation.
- suitable measures or devices must be used to ensure that the amount of gas is throttled again to such an extent that, as with a conventional gas cooking device, the permissible maximum operating temperature cannot be exceeded.
- This throttling can e.g. consist in that an additional valve, through which an additional amount of gas has been added to the normal gas flow, is closed again.
- Another possibility can be that the entire gas supply system is designed for the increased amount of gas and that the gas flow is then throttled by switching on an aperture or by another reduction in the cross section of the gas line or by other measures known per se to reduce the mass flow of gas becomes.
- the throttling must take place at the latest when the operating temperature of the hotplate is reached at full load.
- the operating temperature at full load can fluctuate within certain limits permitted by the manufacturer of the cooking device, depending on the cooking conditions (e.g. pot quality, pot size, amount of food to be cooked).
- a simple time control that is activated when the burner is ignited and / or when the burner is switched to full load is one option.
- the burner is supplied with the increased amount of gas for a predetermined time and after this time the gas flow is throttled back to normal.
- a time control can be produced particularly inexpensively and still works satisfactorily even when the burner plate is still hot when the time control is activated, since the radiant power increases very sharply as the temperature of the burner plate increases. The temperature rise in the upper output range of the burner is therefore no longer so rapid, so that in these cases too, the predetermined time has elapsed before destructive temperatures occur for the burner plate.
- the time in which the burner can be operated with increased gas supply until the operating temperature is reached at full load depends on the temperature to be reached, on the calorific value of the gas and on the increased amount of gas supplied to the burner and can be easily determined experimentally. This time is usually between about 5 and 60 seconds. A time of less than 20 s, in particular less than 10 s, during which the burner plate is to glow visibly is preferred.
- the amount of gas supplied to the burner or the gas / air mixture proportional to the amount of gas cannot be chosen arbitrarily high because the combustion must take place in the surface or in the pores of the ceramic burner plate. If the amount of gas is too high, the flow speed in the pores and bores of the burner plate becomes so high that the flame front migrates out of the burner plate and the burner no longer radiates.
- the maximum amount of gas supplied to the burner or the gas / air mixture must therefore be selected so that the combustion still takes place in the burner plate. It is in the sense of rapid heating of the burner plate advantageous to choose the amount of gas as high as possible.
- the amount of gas additionally supplied to the burner is usually about 10 to 40% of the maximum amount of gas permitted during continuous operation of the burner; this factor can also be higher in the case of special burner plates, as are known, for example, from EP-OS 187 508.
- the second way of determining the time at which the gas quantity is throttled is to determine the temperature of the surface of the burner plate and to throttle the gas flow when the burner plate reaches a predetermined temperature.
- the measurement of the temperature can be done by means known per se, such as e.g. B. by in, on or above the exhaust gas side, i.e. thermocouple arranged on the hot surface of the burner plate, e.g. Pt / Ir elements or by an electrical resistance, by an expansion element or by measuring the radiation emanating from the burner plate, in particular by measuring the color temperature or the radiation intensity.
- the radiation measurement has the advantage that the actual measuring cell, e.g.
- the radiation measuring cell is particularly advantageously arranged at a relatively cool point in the cooking device and the radiation emanating from the burner plate by means of a light guiding device, e.g. passed to the measuring cell by means of a glass fiber or a glass fiber bundle.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show a glass ceramic cover 1, which serves as a cooking surface.
- an infrared radiation heating element 2 which has a housing 3, which can be made of metal, and a porous (perforated) burner plate 5, which is arranged above the open upper part of the housing 3, for example by means of clips.
- the housing 3 and the burner plate 5 form the burner chamber 4.
- the burner plate 5 is usually round and can have a central opening 6.
- the side wall of the housing 3, the gas mixing tube 7 is connected to the burner chamber 4, the other end of the mixing tube 7 is connected to the gas nozzle 8.
- the gas nozzle 8 is connected to two gas supply pipes 21 and 22, of which the gas supply pipe 21 (main gas line) is used to supply the amount of gas required for normal operation of the burner and the gas supply pipe 22 (additional gas line) supplies the additional gas amount required for the heating phase.
- the ring 9 is fastened by means of a circular, inwardly bent lip to the upper end of the housing 3, for example by welding.
- the upper circular end of the exhaust ring 9 is shaped so that it is pressed resiliently against the cover plate 1 via an elastic, temperature-resistant sealing ring 10 can be.
- an elongated opening is made, with which the exhaust pipe 11 is connected.
- the exhaust ring 9 also has a borehole 12 for receiving a temperature limiter in the form shown as a rod expansion regulator 13 with switch 13A.
- This temperature limiter serves to protect the glass ceramic cover plate 1.
- the openings 14 and 16 serve to receive an ignition device, for example a spark plug 15 or a temperature sensor 17, as a fuse.
- the function of temperature limiters, ignition devices and ignition fuses are known to the person skilled in the art and are not described in more detail.
- the central opening 6 of the burner plate 5 is provided with a ceramic tube 6A, in which a thermal sensor 18 is arranged. This thermal sensor 18 is used for power control and enables fully automatic cooking. The function of such a controller is also well known and will not be explained in detail.
- the opening 19 in the exhaust gas ring 9 serves to receive a further thermal sensor 20 which is in direct contact with the surface of the burner plate 5 on the exhaust gas side.
- a further thermal sensor 20 which is in direct contact with the surface of the burner plate 5 on the exhaust gas side.
- the temperature sensor 20 heated by the burner plate 5 detects the predetermined maximum temperature for the burner plate 5
- the additional gas stream flowing through the line 22 is switched off. This prevents the burner plate 5 from overheating.
- switches, valves, wiring or electrical devices have not been shown because these parts consist of conventional, commercially available components and have long been state of the art.
- Both the temperature sensor 13 and the temperature sensor 20 can if necessary. be designed so that they have two switching points, such that a lower switching point emits the desired signal for the ignition protection and that the upper switching point serves the desired temperature limitation. In this way, the temperature sensor 17 for the ignition protection can be saved.
- FIG. 3 shows a flowchart which shows an example of the sequence of the individual measures in a method of controlling the additional quantity via a temperature sensor on the burner plate.
- the individual blocks in FIG. 3 can represent both operational steps and devices for carrying out such steps.
- control is transferred to unit 26, likewise if unit 24 determines the continuation of the ignition (start) phase.
- Unit 24 is provided so that a burner effect can be achieved as soon as possible even when igniting under reduced power.
- Unit 26 determines whether the temperature of the burner plate is still below the maximum temperature. If this is not the case, the valve for the additional gas quantity is closed or remains closed by means of unit 25 and control is again taken over by unit 23. If the temperature of the burner plate is below the maximum permissible temperature of the burner plate, unit 27 checks whether the valve for the main gas line (line 21, FIG. 1) is open. If this is not the case, then opening the additional gas valve is also pointless, the additional gas valve is closed by means of unit 25 and control is passed back to unit 23. However, if the main gas valve is open, the additional gas valve is opened by unit 28 and control is transferred to unit 26. The loop formed by the units 26, 27 and 28 is then run through until either the burner plate has reached its maximum temperature or until the main gas valve is closed.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gaskocheinrichtung mit wenigstens einem unter einer abgasdichten Glaskeramik-Kochplatte angeordneten Gasstrahlungsbrenner mit einer Brennerplatte, Regeleinrichtungen für die Gaszufuhr, Zünd- und Sicherheitseinrichtungen sowie Überwachungseinrichtungen für die Temperatur der Abdeckplatte sowie auf ein Verfahren zum Verringern der Aufheizzeit einer derartigen Gaskocheinrichtung.The invention relates to a gas cooking device with at least one gas radiation burner arranged under an exhaust gas-tight glass ceramic hotplate with a burner plate, control devices for the gas supply, ignition and safety devices and monitoring devices for the temperature of the cover plate, and to a method for reducing the heating-up time of such a gas cooking device.
Gaskocheinrichtungen mit Gasstrahlungsbrenner und Glaskeramik-Kochplatte sind in zahlreichen Ausführungsformen beschrieben worden, z.B. in US-PS 3 468 298, DE-OS 26 21 801, US-PS 4 083 355 oder US-PS 4 201 184. Bei Gasstrahlungsbrennern wird das Gas an der Oberfläche einer aus poröser Keramik bestehenden Brennerplatte verbrannt. Bei einer Gaskocheinrichtung sind ein oder mehrere solcher Gasstrahlungsbrenner mit Abstand unter einer gemeinsamen, an sich bekannten Glaskeramikplatte angeordnet, wobei durch jeden Brenner an der Oberseite der Glaskeramikplatte eine Kochstelle gebildet wird. Jeder einzelne Gasstrahlungsbrenner ist mit einer Zündeinrichtung und mit einer Zündsicherung gegen unverbraucht abströmendes Brenngasgemisch versehen. Die Beschreibung einer Brennerplatte findet sich z.B. in EP-A 187 508.Gas cooking devices with gas radiant burner and glass ceramic hotplate have been described in numerous embodiments, e.g. in US Pat. No. 3,468,298, DE-OS 26 21 801, US Pat. No. 4,083,355 or US Pat. No. 4,201,184. In gas radiation burners, the gas is burned on the surface of a burner plate made of porous ceramic. In the case of a gas cooking device, one or more such gas radiation burners are arranged at a distance below a common glass ceramic plate known per se, a cooking point being formed by each burner on the upper side of the glass ceramic plate. Each individual gas radiation burner is provided with an ignition device and with an ignition protection device to prevent fuel gas mixture flowing out unused. The description of a burner plate can be found e.g. in EP-A 187 508.
Die Temperatur der strahlenden Brennerplatte liegt je nach der Temperaturbeständigkeit des Materials zwischen etwa 900°C und 950°C. Die dem Brenner maximal zuführbare Gasmenge ist durch konstruktive Maßnahmen so begrenzt, daß eine maximale Betriebstemperatur nicht überschritten wird, z.B. um das Material der Brennerplatte oder der Kochfläche zu schonen und um überflüssige Energieverluste zu vermeiden.The temperature of the radiating burner plate is between about 900 ° C and 950 ° C depending on the temperature resistance of the material. The maximum amount of gas that can be fed to the burner is limited by design measures so that a maximum operating temperature is not exceeded, e.g. to protect the material of the burner plate or the cooking surface and to avoid unnecessary energy losses.
Die zulässige Maximaltemperatur von Glaskeramik-Kochflächen liegt üblicherweise zwischen etwa 700°C und 750°C. Da bei Töpfen mit ungeeigneten Böden oder beinichtbesetzter Kochstelle bei eingestellter hoher Leistung innerhalb kurzer Zeit in der Glaskeramik-Kochplatte Temperaturen von 900°C und mehr auftreten können, ist zum Schutz der Glaskeramik-Kochplatte ein Temperaturbegrenzer vorgesehen, durch den derartige Übertemperaturen sicher verhindert werden. Solche Temperaturbegrenzer sind z.B. in DE-OS 26 21 801 oder US-PS 4 201 184 ausführlich beschrieben.The permissible maximum temperature of glass ceramic cooktops is usually between about 700 ° C and 750 ° C. Because in pots with unsuitable bases or unoccupied hotplates with a high output set, temperatures of within a short time in the glass ceramic hotplate 900 ° C and more can occur, a temperature limiter is provided to protect the glass ceramic hotplate, by which such excess temperatures are reliably prevented. Such temperature limiters are described in detail, for example, in DE-OS 26 21 801 or US Pat. No. 4,201,184.
Für den praktischen Einsatz zur Beheizung einer Kochfläche muß neben einer Temperaturbegrenzung auch noch eine Regelung oder Steuerung der Leistung des Brenners vorhanden sein. Zur Steuerung der Leistung sind zwei Prinzipien bekannt: Zum einen wird der Brenner kontinuierlich betrieben und die zugeführte Gasmenge wird entsprechend der geforderten Leistung vermindert oder vergrößert und zum anderen wird der Brenner getaktet betrieben, d.h. der Brenner wird stets mit der maximalen Gasmenge betrieben und die geforderte Leistung ergibt sich aus dem Verhältnis von Einschaltzeit zu Ausschaltzeit (Taktverhältnis). Anstelle einer reinen Leistungssteuerung mit für die einzelnen Leistungsstufen fest vorgegebenen Gasmengen oder Taktverhältnissen kann auch eine Leistungsregelung vorgesehen sein, bei der ein Temperaturfühler die Leistungsabgabe in Abhängigkeit von der Kochstellentemperatur regelt, wie es z.B. ausführlich in US-PS 4 201 184 beschrieben ist.For practical use for heating a cooking surface, in addition to a temperature limit, there must also be a regulation or control of the burner output. Two principles are known for controlling the output: on the one hand the burner is operated continuously and the amount of gas supplied is reduced or increased in accordance with the required output and on the other hand the burner is operated in a clocked manner, i.e. the burner is always operated with the maximum gas volume and the required output results from the ratio of the switch-on time to the switch-off time (cycle ratio). Instead of a pure power control with fixed gas quantities or cycle ratios for the individual power levels, a power control can also be provided in which a temperature sensor regulates the power output as a function of the hotplate temperature, as is the case e.g. is described in detail in U.S. Patent No. 4,201,184.
Obwohl die bisherigen Gaskocheinrichtungen mit Gasstrahlungsbrenner schon Gegenstand zahlreicher Verbesserungen waren, besteht ein immer noch ungelöstes Problem darin, daß es beim Einschalten des Brenners verhältnismäßig lang dauert, bis die Brennerplatte glüht, damit auch sichtbar wird, und der Brenner seine volle Leistung abgibt (ca. 60 s, vgl. US-PS 4 130 104).Although the previous gas cooking devices with gas radiation burners have already been the subject of numerous improvements, there is still an unsolved problem that when the burner is switched on, it takes a relatively long time for the burner plate to glow, so that it is also visible, and the burner delivers its full output (approx. 60 s, see U.S. Patent 4,130,104).
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht daher darin, eine Gaskocheinrichtung mit Gasstrahlungsbrenner und Glaskeramik-Kochplatte zu finden, bei der die Aufheizzeit der Brennerplatte nach dem Einschalten wesentlich verkürzt ist und ferner ein Verfahren zum Verringern der Aufheizzeit bei einer Gaskocheinrichtung der genannten Art zu finden.The object of the invention is therefore to find a gas cooking device with a gas radiation burner and a glass ceramic hotplate, in which the heating-up time of the burner plate is considerably reduced after switching on, and also to find a method for reducing the heating-up time in a gas cooking device of the type mentioned.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in Patentanspruch 1 beschriebene Gaskocheinrichtung und das im Patentanspruch 7 beschriebene Verfahren zum Verringern der Aufheizzeit gelöst.This object is achieved by the gas cooking device described in claim 1 and the method described in
Das Prinzip der Erfindung besteht somit darin, dem Brenner während seiner Aufheizphase, d.h. nach dem Einschalten (Zünden) oder beim Schalten auf volle Leistung eine Gasmenge zuzuführen, mit der die Kochstelle langfristig temperaturmäßig überlastet werden würde, da diese Gasmenge beim Verbrennen eine derartig hohe Temperatur hervorrufen würde, daß z.B. die für die Keramik der Brennerplatte oder der Kochfläche zulässige Maximaltemperatur überschritten würde, oder daß unzulässig hohe Energieverluste auftreten würden. Diese erhöhte Gasmenge ist jedoch solange unschädlich, wie die zulässige Maximaltemperatur im Normalbetrieb noch nicht erreicht ist. Sobald dieses der Fall ist, muß durch geeignete Maßnahmen bzw. Einrichtungen sichergestellt werden, daß die Gasmenge wieder soweit gedrosselt wird, daß, wie bei einer herkömmlichen Gaskocheinrichtung, die zulässige maximale Betriebstemperatur nicht überschritten werden kann. Diese Drosselung kann z.B. darin bestehen, daß ein Zusatzventil, durch das dem normalen Gasstrom eine zusätzliche Gasmenge zugemischt wurde, wieder geschlossen wird. Eine andere Möglichkeit kann darin bestehen, daß das gesamte Gaszufuhrsystem auf die erhöhte Gasmenge ausgelegt wird und daß der Gasstrom dann durch Einschalten einer Blende oder durch eine andere Verringerung des Querschnittes der Gasleitung oder durch andere, dem Fachmann an sich bekannte Maßnahmen zur Verringerung eines Gasmassenflusses gedrosselt wird.The principle of the invention is thus that of the burner during its heating phase, i.e. after switching on (ignition) or when switching to full power, supply a gas quantity with which the hotplate would be overloaded in terms of temperature in the long term, since this gas quantity would cause such a high temperature when burned that e.g. the maximum temperature permitted for the ceramic of the burner plate or the cooking surface would be exceeded, or that inadmissibly high energy losses would occur. However, this increased amount of gas is harmless as long as the permissible maximum temperature has not yet been reached in normal operation. As soon as this is the case, suitable measures or devices must be used to ensure that the amount of gas is throttled again to such an extent that, as with a conventional gas cooking device, the permissible maximum operating temperature cannot be exceeded. This throttling can e.g. consist in that an additional valve, through which an additional amount of gas has been added to the normal gas flow, is closed again. Another possibility can be that the entire gas supply system is designed for the increased amount of gas and that the gas flow is then throttled by switching on an aperture or by another reduction in the cross section of the gas line or by other measures known per se to reduce the mass flow of gas becomes.
Die Drosselung muß spätestens zu einem Zeitpunkt geschehen, an dem die Betriebstemperatur der Kochstelle bei Vollast erreicht ist. Die Betriebstemperatur bei Vollast kann innerhalb gewisser vom Hersteller des Kochgerätes zugelassener Grenzen schwanken, je nach den Kochbedingungen (z.B. Topfqualität, Topfgröße, Kochgutmenge). Als Möglichkeit dafür bietet sich einmal eine einfache Zeitsteuerung an, die beim Zünden des Brenners und/oder beim Schalten des Brenners auf Vollast aktiviert wird.The throttling must take place at the latest when the operating temperature of the hotplate is reached at full load. The operating temperature at full load can fluctuate within certain limits permitted by the manufacturer of the cooking device, depending on the cooking conditions (e.g. pot quality, pot size, amount of food to be cooked). A simple time control that is activated when the burner is ignited and / or when the burner is switched to full load is one option.
Für eine fest vorgegebene Zeit wird der Brenner mit der erhöhten Gasmenge versorgt und nach Ablauf dieser Zeit wird der Gasstrom wieder auf das Normalmaß gedrosselt. Eine Zeitsteuerung ist besonders preiswert herstellbar und arbeitet auch dann noch zufriedenstellend, wenn die Brennerplatte bei der Aktivierung der Zeitsteuerung noch heiß ist, da die Strahlungsleistung mit steigender Temperatur der Brennerplatte sehr stark ansteigt. Der Temperaturanstieg ist daher im oberen Leistungsbereich des Brenners nicht mehr so schnell, so daß auch in diesen Fällen die vorgegebene Zeit abgelaufen ist, bevor für die Brennerplatte zerstörerische Temperaturen auftreten. Es ist auch möglich, die Stellung des Reglers für die Gasmenge zu benutzen, um die Zeit, in der die überhöhte Gasmenge zugeführt wird, zu steuern, indem z.B. ausgehend von einer Teillaststellung beim Schalten auf Vollast die Zeit, in der der Brenner mit der erhöhten Gasmenge betrieben wird, umso kürzer wird, je höher die Teillaststellung vor Beginn der Vollaststellung war.The burner is supplied with the increased amount of gas for a predetermined time and after this time the gas flow is throttled back to normal. A time control can be produced particularly inexpensively and still works satisfactorily even when the burner plate is still hot when the time control is activated, since the radiant power increases very sharply as the temperature of the burner plate increases. The temperature rise in the upper output range of the burner is therefore no longer so rapid, so that in these cases too, the predetermined time has elapsed before destructive temperatures occur for the burner plate. It is also possible to use the position of the gas quantity regulator to control the time in which the excessive gas quantity is supplied, e.g. starting from a partial load position when switching to full load, the time in which the burner is operated with the increased gas volume, the shorter the higher the partial load position was before the full load position began.
Die Zeit, in der der Brenner mit erhöhter Gaszufuhr betrieben werden kann, bis die Betriebstemperatur bei Vollast erreicht ist, hängt von der zu erreichenden Temperatur, von dem Heizwert des Gases und von der dem Brenner zugeführten erhöhten Gasmenge ab und kann experimentell leicht ermittelt werden. Üblicherweise liegt diese Zeit zwischen etwa 5 und 60 Sekunden. Bevorzugt wird eine Zeit von weniger als 20 s, insbesondere weniger als 10 s, in der die Brennerplatte sichtbar glühen soll.The time in which the burner can be operated with increased gas supply until the operating temperature is reached at full load depends on the temperature to be reached, on the calorific value of the gas and on the increased amount of gas supplied to the burner and can be easily determined experimentally. This time is usually between about 5 and 60 seconds. A time of less than 20 s, in particular less than 10 s, during which the burner plate is to glow visibly is preferred.
Es ist dem Fachmann bekannt, daß die dem Brenner zugeführte Gasmenge bzw. das der Gasmenge proportionale Gas/Luft-Gemisch nicht beliebig hoch gewählt werden kann, weil die Verbrennung in der Oberfläche bzw. in den Poren der keramischen Brennerplatte stattfinden muß. Ist die Gasmenge zu hoch, so wird die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in den Poren und Bohrungen der Brennerplatte so hoch, daß die Flammenfront aus der Brennerplatte herauswandert und der Brenner nicht mehr strahlt. Die maximal dem Brenner zugeführte Gasmenge bzw. das Gas/Luft-Gemisch ist daher so zu wählen, daß die Verbrennung noch in der Brennerplatte stattfindet. Es ist dabei im Sinne einer schnellen Erwärmung der Brenner platte von Vorteil, die Gasmenge möglichst hoch zu wählen. Üblicherweise beträgt die dem Brenner zusätzlich zugeführte Gasmenge etwa 10 bis 40 % der im Dauerbetrieb des Brenners maximal zulässigen Gasmenge; bei speziellen Brennerplatten, wie sie z.B. aus EP-OS 187 508 bekannt sind, kann dieser Faktor auch höher sein.It is known to the person skilled in the art that the amount of gas supplied to the burner or the gas / air mixture proportional to the amount of gas cannot be chosen arbitrarily high because the combustion must take place in the surface or in the pores of the ceramic burner plate. If the amount of gas is too high, the flow speed in the pores and bores of the burner plate becomes so high that the flame front migrates out of the burner plate and the burner no longer radiates. The maximum amount of gas supplied to the burner or the gas / air mixture must therefore be selected so that the combustion still takes place in the burner plate. It is in the sense of rapid heating of the burner plate advantageous to choose the amount of gas as high as possible. The amount of gas additionally supplied to the burner is usually about 10 to 40% of the maximum amount of gas permitted during continuous operation of the burner; this factor can also be higher in the case of special burner plates, as are known, for example, from EP-OS 187 508.
Die zweite Möglichkeit, den Zeitpunkt der Drosselung der Gasmenge festzulegen, besteht darin, die Temperatur der Oberfläche der Brennerplatte zu ermitteln und den Gasstrom bei Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Temperatur der Brennerplatte zu drosseln. Die Messung der Temperatur kann mit an sich bekannten Mitteln erfolgen, so z. B. durch ein in, an oder über der abgasseitigen, d.h. heißen Oberfläche der Brennerplatte angeordnetes Thermoelement, z.B. Pt/Ir-Elemente oder durch einen elektrischen Widerstand, durch ein Dehnstoffelement oder durch Messung der von der Brennerplatte ausgehenden Strahlung, insbesondere durch Messung der Farbtemperatur oder der Strahlungsintensität. Die Strahlungsmessung hat den Vorteil, daß die eigentliche Meßzelle, z.B. eine Fotodiode, ein Fototransistor oder ein fotoelektrisches Element keinen direkten Kontakt mit der heißen Oberfläche der Brennerplatte zu haben braucht. Besonders vorteilhaft wird die Strahlungsmeßzelle an einer verhältnismäßig kühlen Stelle der Kocheinrichtung angeordnet und die von der Brennerplatte ausgehende Strahlung mittels einer Lichtleitvorrichtung, z.B. mittels einer Glasfaser oder eines Glasfaserbündels zu der Meßzelle geleitet.The second way of determining the time at which the gas quantity is throttled is to determine the temperature of the surface of the burner plate and to throttle the gas flow when the burner plate reaches a predetermined temperature. The measurement of the temperature can be done by means known per se, such as e.g. B. by in, on or above the exhaust gas side, i.e. thermocouple arranged on the hot surface of the burner plate, e.g. Pt / Ir elements or by an electrical resistance, by an expansion element or by measuring the radiation emanating from the burner plate, in particular by measuring the color temperature or the radiation intensity. The radiation measurement has the advantage that the actual measuring cell, e.g. a photodiode, a phototransistor or a photoelectric element need not have direct contact with the hot surface of the burner plate. The radiation measuring cell is particularly advantageously arranged at a relatively cool point in the cooking device and the radiation emanating from the burner plate by means of a light guiding device, e.g. passed to the measuring cell by means of a glass fiber or a glass fiber bundle.
Bei geeigneter Anordnung des Temperaturfühlers für die Zündsicherung in oder direkt an der abgasseitigen Oberfläche der Brennerplatte kann dieser ggfls. auch noch die Überwachung der Temperatur der Brennerplatte mit übernehmen.With a suitable arrangement of the temperature sensor for the ignition fuse in or directly on the exhaust-side surface of the burner plate, this can if necessary. also take over the monitoring of the temperature of the burner plate.
Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung weiter erläutert.The invention is further explained on the basis of the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung einen vertikalen Ausschnitt aus einer Gaskocheinrichtung mit einem Strahlungsbrenner in teilgeschnittener Darstellung
- Figur 2 eine Aufsicht auf den Ausschnitt gemäß Fig. 1
- Figur 3 den Ablaufplan einer elektronischen Steuerung für eine Gaskocheinrichtung mit Steuerung der zusätzlichen Gasmenge über eine Temperaturmessung der Brennerplatte.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a vertical section of a gas cooking device with a radiant burner in a partially sectioned representation
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of the detail according to FIG. 1
- Figure 3 shows the flowchart of an electronic control for a gas cooking device with control of the additional gas quantity via a temperature measurement of the burner plate.
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen eine Glaskeramik-Abdeckscheibe 1, die als Kochfläche dient. Unterhalb der Abdeckscheibe 1 befindet sich ein Infrarot-Strahlungsheizelement 2, das ein Gehäuse 3, das aus Metall bestehen kann, und eine poröse (perforierte) Brennerplatte 5, die über dem offenen oberen Teil des Gehäuses 3, z.B. mittels Klammern, angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuse 3 und die Brennerplatte 5 bilden den Brennerraum 4. Die Brennerplatte 5 ist gewöhnlich rund und kann eine zentrale Öffnung 6 haben. die Seitenwand des Gehäuses 3 ist das Gas-Mischrohr 7 mit dem Brennerraum 4 verbunden, das andere Ende des Mischrohres 7 ist mit der Gasdüse 8 verbunden. Die Gasdüse 8 ist mit zwei Gaszufuhrrohren 21 und 22 verbunden, von denen das Gaszufuhrrohr 21 (Hauptgasleitung) der Zufuhr der für den Normalbetrieb des Brenners erforderlichen Gasmenge dient und das Gaszufuhrrohr 22 (Zusatzgasleitung)die für die Anheizphase benötigte zusätzliche Gasmenge liefert. Ein z.B. aus Metall bestehender Abgasring 9 umgibt kreisförmig die Brennerplatte 5. Der Ring 9 ist mittels einer kreisförmigen, nach innen gebogenen Lippe am oberen Ende des Gehäuses 3, z.B. durch Schweißen, befestigt. Das obere kreisrunde Ende des Abgasringes 9 ist so geformt, daß es über einen elastischen, temperaturbeständigen Dichtring 10 an die Abdeckscheibe 1 federnd angedrückt werden kann. In dem Abgasring 9 ist eine längliche Öffnung angebracht, mit der der Abgasstutzen 11 verbunden ist. Der Abgasring 9 besitzt ferner ein Bohrloch 12 zur Aufnahme eines Temperaturbegrenzers in der dargestellten Form als Stabausdehnungsregler 13 mit Schalter 13A. Dieser Temperaturbegrenzer dient dem Schutz der Glaskeramik-Abdeckplatte 1. Die Öffnungen 14 und 16 dienen der Aufnahme einer Zündeinrichtung, z.B. einer Zündkerze 15 bzw. eines Temperaturfühlers 17 als Zündsicherung. Die Funktion von Temperaturbegrenzern, Zündeinrichtungen und Zündsicherungen sind dem Fachmann bekannt und werden nicht näher beschrieben. Die zentrale Öffnung 6 der Brennerplatte 5 ist mit einem Keramikrohr 6A versehen, in dem ein Thermofühler 18 angeordnet ist. Dieser Thermofühler 18 dient der Leistungsregelung und ermöglicht ein vollautomatisches Kochen. Die Funktion eines solchen Reglers ist ebenfalls wohlbekannt und wird nicht näher erläutert.Figures 1 and 2 show a glass ceramic cover 1, which serves as a cooking surface. Below the cover plate 1 there is an infrared radiation heating element 2, which has a housing 3, which can be made of metal, and a porous (perforated)
Die Öffnung 19 in dem Abgasring 9 dient der Aufnahme eines weiteren Thermofühlers 20, der in direktem Kontakt mit der abgasseitigen Oberfläche der Brennerplatte 5 steht. Sobald der durch die Brennerplatte 5 erwärmte Temperaturfühler 20 die vorgegebene Maximaltemperatur für die Brennerplatte 5 feststellt, wird der durch die Leitung 22 fließende zusätzliche Gasstrom abgestellt. Eine Überhitzung der Brennerplatte 5 wird dadurch vermieden. Auf die Darstellung von Einzelheiten von Schaltern, Ventilen, Verdrahtung oder von elektrischen Einrichtungen ist verzichtet worden, da diese Teile aus konventionellen, im Handel erhältlichen Bauteilen bestehen und seit langem zum Stand der Technik gehören. Sowohl der Temperaturfühler 13 als auch der Temperatursensor 20 können ggfls. so ausgelegt werden, daß sie zwei Schaltpunkte haben, derart, daß ein unterer Schaltpunkt das gewünschte Signal für die Zündsicherung abgibt und daß der obere Schaltpunkt der gewünschten Temperaturbegrenzung dient. Auf diese Weise kann der Temperaturfühler 17 für die Zündsicherung eingespart werden.The
In Fig. 3 ist ein Ablaufplan dargestellt, der ein Beispiel für Abfolge der einzelnen Maßnahmen bei einem Verfahren der Steuerung der Zusatzmenge über einen Temperaturfühler auf der Brennerplatte zeigt. Die einzelnen Blöcke in Fig. 3 können sowohl operative Schritte als auch Vorrichtungen für die Durchführung solcher Schritte darstellen. Wenn ein Heizelement angeschaltet wird, wird das Programm an dem Startpunkt 22 gestartet. Als nächstes wird in der Einheit 23 festgestellt, ob der Leistungsregelungsschalter (Gas-Schalter) auf "Maximum" steht. Ist das nicht der Fall, wird in Einheit 24 geprüft, ob sich der Brenner noch in der Zünd-(Start-)Phase befindet. Ist auch dies nicht der Fall, so wird mittels Einheit 25 das Gasventil für die zusätzliche Gasmenge (Leitung 22, Fig. 1) geschlossen bzw. bleibt geschlossen. Von Einheit 25 wird die Kontrolle wieder auf Einheit 23 übergeben. Steht der Leistungsregelungsschalter (Gas-Schalter) auf "Maximum", so wird die Kontrolle an Einheit 26 übergeben, ebenso, wenn Einheit 24 das Andauern der Zünd-(Start-)Phase feststellt. Einheit 24 ist vorgesehen, um auch beim Zünden unter verminderter Leistung möglichst bald eine Brennerwirkung erreichen zu können.3 shows a flowchart which shows an example of the sequence of the individual measures in a method of controlling the additional quantity via a temperature sensor on the burner plate. The individual blocks in FIG. 3 can represent both operational steps and devices for carrying out such steps. When a heating element is switched on, the program is started at the
Einheit 26 stellt fest, ob sich die Temperatur der Brennerplatte noch unterhalb der Maximaltemperatur befindet. Ist das nicht der Fall, so wird mittels Einheit 25 das Ventil für die Zusatzgasmenge geschlossen bzw. bleibt geschlossen und die Kontrolle wird wieder von Einheit 23 übernommen. Befindet sich die Temperatur der Brennerplatte unterhalb der maximal zulässigen Temperatur der Brennerplatte, so wird in Einheit 27 geprüft, ob das Ventil für die Hauptgasleitung (Leitung 21, Fig. 1) geöffnet ist. Ist das nicht der Fall, so ist auch die Öffnung des Zusatzgasventils sinnlos , das Zusatzgasventil wird mittels Einheit 25 geschlossen und die Kontrolle wieder an Einheit 23 übergeben. Ist jedoch das Hauptgasventil geöffnet, so wird durch Einheit 28 das Zusatzgasventil geöffnet und die Kontrolle an Einheit 26 übergeben. Die aus den Einheiten 26, 27 und 28 gebildete Schleife wird nun so lange durchlaufen, bis entweder die Brennerplatte ihre Maximaltemperatur erreicht hat oder bis das Hauptgasventil geschlossen wird.
Claims (13)
characterized by
a gas feed means (22,8,7) activated when the appliance is switched on or when the gas supply controller is positioned at full load, by means of which the burner is fed with an increased amount of gas that exceeds the amount of gas normally fed in a full load position of the gas controller; a timer in operative connection with the gas feed means or, optionally, a temperature measuring device (20) for measuring the operating temperature of the cooking unit (1), by means of which the gas supply and thus the temperature of the cooking unit is limited to a predetermined value.
characterized in
that the timer is adapted so that limitation of the amount of gas to a predetermined value takes place in less than 20 seconds, preferably in less than 10 seconds.
characterized in
that the temperature measuring device (20) is a thermocouple located in proximity to the surface of the burner plate (5) on the exhaust gas side.
characterized in
that the temperature measuring device (20) is a radiation meter oriented toward the surface of the burner plate (5) on the exhaust gas side.
characterized in
that the radiation meter is connected to one end of an optical fiber, the other end of the optical fiber being oriented toward the burner plate (5).
characterized in
that the temperature measuring device (20) is an expansion element positioned above the surface of the burner plate (5) on the exhaust gas side.
characterized in
that after ignition and or during switching to full load, the burner is fed with an amount of gas increased with respect to full load position in normal operation until the operating temperature of the burner plate has been reached.
characterized in
that the increased amount of gas is controlled so that red heat of the burner plate is attained in less than 20 seconds and, preferably, in less than 10 seconds.
characterized in
that the time period within which the burner is fed with the increased amount of gas is fixedly predetermined by means of a time control unit.
characterized in
that the temperature of the surface of the burner plate on the exhaust gas side is monitored.
characterized in
that the temperature is determined by means of a thermocouple located in on or above the surface or by means of an expansion element positioned above the surface.
characterized in
that the temperature is detected by measuring of the color temperature or by measuring of the intensity of the radiation of the surface.
characterized in
that the radiation is guided to the measuring device by means of an optical fiber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3912124A DE3912124C1 (en) | 1989-04-13 | 1989-04-13 | |
| DE3912124 | 1989-04-13 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0392162A2 EP0392162A2 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| EP0392162A3 EP0392162A3 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
| EP0392162B1 true EP0392162B1 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=6378592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90103076A Expired - Lifetime EP0392162B1 (en) | 1989-04-13 | 1990-02-17 | Gas hob comprising at least one radiant gas burner beneath a glass ceramic plate and method for reducing the heating time of such a gas hob |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5024209A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0392162B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2566478B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3912124C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2031397T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3005006T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102032602A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 樱花卫厨（中国）股份有限公司 | Security detection system of gas stove |
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| DE19500263C2 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1997-09-18 | Cramer Gmbh | Cooking apparatus with at least one covered hob and a radiant burner unit |
| US5641282A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1997-06-24 | Gas Research Institute | Advanced radiant gas burner and method utilizing flame support rod structure |
| DE19725839A1 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-03-26 | Gordon Russell | Electric toaster for bread and meat filling |
| US5816235A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-10-06 | Tony Yang Magic Corporation | Infrared gas burner for gas cookers |
| AT405117B (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-25 | Electrovac | TEMPERATURE LIMITER WITH SENSOR ELECTRODE |
| CA2336036C (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2007-11-27 | Willie H. Best | Heating assembly and cooking apparatus |
| GB9902805D0 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 1999-03-31 | Trianco Redfyre | Heat storage range cooker |
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| DE10045484A1 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2002-04-25 | Schott Glas | Hob with at least one atmospheric gas burner |
| KR20030093572A (en) * | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-11 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Burning area control apparatus of gas radiation oven range |
| KR20040034306A (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-04-28 | 백은기 | Bag making (vinyl) |
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| US20050221243A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-06 | Najewicz David J | Enhanced burner performance gas range system and method |
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| US7942143B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2011-05-17 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Heating cooking appliance and burner system thereof |
| WO2009016027A2 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-05 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Gas burner |
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| RU2013147702A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2015-06-27 | ЭМЕР С.п.А. | INJECTION HIGHWAY |
| CN104994741B (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2021-04-13 | W.C.布拉德利公司 | Electric oven and fumigator |
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| YU109677A (en) * | 1976-05-15 | 1982-05-31 | Spezialglas Gmbh | Glass ceramic surface for cooking by means of the radiating gas-heated surface |
| DE2641274C3 (en) * | 1976-09-14 | 1979-08-23 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen., 6500 Mainz | Safety device for gas-heated, transparent glass ceramic cooking surfaces |
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-
1989
- 1989-04-13 DE DE3912124A patent/DE3912124C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-02-17 DE DE9090103076T patent/DE59000085D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-17 EP EP90103076A patent/EP0392162B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-17 ES ES199090103076T patent/ES2031397T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-13 JP JP2096625A patent/JP2566478B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-13 US US07/508,616 patent/US5024209A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-06-24 GR GR920401346T patent/GR3005006T3/el unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102032602A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 樱花卫厨（中国）股份有限公司 | Security detection system of gas stove |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5024209A (en) | 1991-06-18 |
| JPH0363420A (en) | 1991-03-19 |
| DE3912124C1 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
| ES2031397T3 (en) | 1992-12-01 |
| EP0392162A3 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
| JP2566478B2 (en) | 1996-12-25 |
| EP0392162A2 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| GR3005006T3 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
| DE59000085D1 (en) | 1992-05-21 |
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