EP0390766A1 - A method of injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace - Google Patents

A method of injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0390766A1
EP0390766A1 EP90870043A EP90870043A EP0390766A1 EP 0390766 A1 EP0390766 A1 EP 0390766A1 EP 90870043 A EP90870043 A EP 90870043A EP 90870043 A EP90870043 A EP 90870043A EP 0390766 A1 EP0390766 A1 EP 0390766A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
auxiliary fuel
blast furnace
injected
oxidizing gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90870043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arthur Poos
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Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL
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Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL
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Publication of EP0390766A1 publication Critical patent/EP0390766A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
    • C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal

Definitions

  • the present invention has its origin in a process for injecting auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace.
  • a liquid fuel such as fuel oil, a gaseous fuel such as natural gas or coke oven gas, or a solid fuel such as pulverized coal or lignite.
  • burners oxygen-fuel.
  • Such burners are supplied with auxiliary fuel and with oxygen or with air enriched with oxygen; they must ensure an intimate mixture of the fuel with the oxygen and thus favor the combustion of this fuel in the blast furnace.
  • the current oxy-coal burners produce a central jet of coal surrounded by a peripheral jet, or possibly by a ring of jets of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air.
  • a coal-oxygen jet in hot wind is accompanied by a loss of combustion efficiency, due to a partial dilution of the oxygen by the surrounding hot wind.
  • the present invention therefore provides a method for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace, which does not have the above drawbacks and which ensures maximum efficiency of the combustion of this auxiliary fuel in the blast furnace. Therefore, the method of the invention further improves the economy of coke in the blast furnace.
  • a method for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace in which an auxiliary fuel and an oxidizing gas are injected together, is characterized in that the oxidizing gas is injected in the form of a jet central and in that said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a peripheral jet surrounding, at least partially, the central jet of oxidizing gas.
  • said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a single jet which surrounds the central jet of oxidizing gas.
  • said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a plurality of jets arranged in a ring around the central jet of oxidizing gas.
  • said auxiliary fuel and the oxidizing gas are injected together preferably in the hot wind supplying the blast furnace; in this case, the auxiliary fuel jet surrounds the central jet of oxidizing gas at least at the point of injection into the hot wind.
  • the method of the invention can be applied in all cases and with all the arrangements for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first injection arrangement, in a blast furnace, which comprises a nozzle 1 fitted with an injection nozzle 2 opening into a nozzle 3 situated at the outlet end of the nozzle 1.
  • the injection pipe 2 consists of an inner tube 4 and an outer tube 5 coaxial. This arrangement is known and does not form part of the invention.
  • the nozzle 1 is supplied with hot wind 6 in a conventional manner, from a circular with hot wind not shown.
  • the conventional injection method consists in forming a central jet 7 of charcoal through the inner tube 4, surrounded by a peripheral jet 5 of oxygen or of air enriched in oxygen by the annular duct between the inner 4 and outer 5 tubes (Fig. 1a, 2a).
  • oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is injected in a central jet 8 through the inner tube 4, this central jet 8 being surrounded by a peripheral jet 5 of carbon injected through the annular conduit between the inner 4 and outer 5 tubes (Fig. 2a, 2b).
  • the constitution of the auxiliary fuel and oxygen jet makes it possible to avoid the premature dilution of the oxygen, or of the air enriched with oxygen, by the surrounding hot wind.
  • the oxygen, or the air enriched with oxygen, of the central jet 4 Before reaching the hot wind, the oxygen, or the air enriched with oxygen, of the central jet 4 must in fact first cross the peripheral jet of auxiliary fuel and consequently react with it. A high intensity flame core is thus formed which leads to a marked acceleration of combustion and which therefore makes it possible to increase the quantity of auxiliary fuel which can be injected into the blast furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

The method comprises the simultaneous injection of an auxiliary fuel and of an oxidising gas into a blast furnace. The oxidising gas is injected in the form of a central jet (8) and the auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a peripheral jet (7) at least partially surrounding the central jet (8) of oxidising gas. The peripheral jet (7) may be a single jet or may consist of a plurality of jets arranged in a ring around the central jet (8). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention trouve son origine dans un procédé pour injecter un combustible auxiliaire dans un haut fourneau.The present invention has its origin in a process for injecting auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace.

On connaît depuis longtemps différents procédés permettant, directement ou indirectement, de remplacer par un combustible auxiliaire au moins une partie du code utilisé dans un haut fourneau. On cherche en effet a réduire la consommation de coke du haut fourneau, en particulier pour des raisons économiques liées aussi bien a l'amenuisement des réserves de charbons cokéfiables qu'au coût de production du coke ainsi qu'à celui des mesures de protection de l'environnement dans les cokeries.Various processes have been known for a long time making it possible, directly or indirectly, to replace with an auxiliary fuel at least part of the code used in a blast furnace. The aim is indeed to reduce the consumption of coke from the blast furnace, in particular for economic reasons linked both to the depletion of coking coal reserves and to the cost of producing coke as well as that of protective measures for the environment in coking plants.

A cet effet, on a proposé d'injecter dans un haut fourneau un combustible liquide, tel que le fioul, un combustible gazeux tel que le gaz naturel ou le gaz de four à coke, ou encore un combustible solide tel que le charbon pulvérisé ou le lignite.For this purpose, it has been proposed to inject into a blast furnace a liquid fuel, such as fuel oil, a gaseous fuel such as natural gas or coke oven gas, or a solid fuel such as pulverized coal or lignite.

D'un point de vue économique, il apparaît que l'injection de charbon pulvérisé constitue actuellement la technique la plus intéressante dans de nombreux cas. La description qui va suivre fera dès lors plus spécialement référence à une injection de charbon pulvérisé, l'invention n'étant toutefois pas limitée à l'injection de ce seul type de combustible auxiliaire. En effet, les prix des différents types de combustibles peuvent varier très fortement et quelquefois fort rapidement. Suivant le moment et l'endroit, les hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux peuvent donc également présenter un grand intérêt en vue d'une injection dans un haut fourneau.From an economic point of view, it appears that the injection of pulverized coal is currently the most advantageous technique in many cases. The description which follows will therefore more specifically refer to an injection of pulverized coal, the invention however not being limited to the injection of this only type of auxiliary fuel. Indeed, the prices of the different types of fuel can vary very strongly and sometimes very quickly. Depending on the time and place, liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons can therefore also be of great interest for injection into a blast furnace.

Dans le cas de l'injection de fortes quantités de combustible auxiliaire, il est généralement avantageux d'utiliser des brûleurs oxygène-combustible. De tels brûleurs sont alimentés en combustible auxiliaire et en oxygene ou en air enrichi en oxygène; ils doivent assurer un mélange intime du combustible avec l'oxygène et ainsi favoriser la combustion de ce combustible dans le haut fourneau.In the case of injecting large quantities of auxiliary fuel, it is generally advantageous to use burners oxygen-fuel. Such burners are supplied with auxiliary fuel and with oxygen or with air enriched with oxygen; they must ensure an intimate mixture of the fuel with the oxygen and thus favor the combustion of this fuel in the blast furnace.

D'une manière générale, les brûleurs oxy-charbon actuels produisent un jet central de charbon entouré par un jet périphérique, ou éventuellement par une couronne de jets d'oxygene ou d'air enrichi en oxygène. Il est cependant apparu que l'injection d'un tel jet charbon-oxygène dans du vent chaud s'accompagne d'une perte d'efficacité de la combustion, due à une dilution partielle de l'oxygène par le vent chaud environnant.In general, the current oxy-coal burners produce a central jet of coal surrounded by a peripheral jet, or possibly by a ring of jets of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air. However, it appeared that the injection of such a coal-oxygen jet in hot wind is accompanied by a loss of combustion efficiency, due to a partial dilution of the oxygen by the surrounding hot wind.

La présente invention propose dès lors un procédé pour injecter un combustible auxiliaire dans un haut fourneau, qui ne présente pas les inconvénients précités et qui assure une efficacité maximale de la combustion de ce combustible auxiliaire dans le haut fourneau. De ce fait, le procédé de l'invention permet d'améliorer encore l'économie de coke au haut fourneau.The present invention therefore provides a method for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace, which does not have the above drawbacks and which ensures maximum efficiency of the combustion of this auxiliary fuel in the blast furnace. Therefore, the method of the invention further improves the economy of coke in the blast furnace.

Conformément à la présente invention, un procédé pour injecter un combustible auxiliaire dans un haut fourneau, dans lequel on injecte ensemble un combustible auxiliaire et un gaz comburant, est caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte le gaz comburant sous la forme d'un jet central et en ce que l'on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'un jet périphérique entourant, au moins partiellement, le jet central de gaz comburant.According to the present invention, a method for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace, in which an auxiliary fuel and an oxidizing gas are injected together, is characterized in that the oxidizing gas is injected in the form of a jet central and in that said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a peripheral jet surrounding, at least partially, the central jet of oxidizing gas.

Selon une mise en oeuvre particulière du procédé de l'invention, on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'un jet unique qui entoure le jet central de gaz comburant.According to a particular implementation of the method of the invention, said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a single jet which surrounds the central jet of oxidizing gas.

Selon une autre mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention, on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'une pluralité de jets disposés en couronne autour du jet central de gaz comburant.According to another implementation of the method of the invention, said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a plurality of jets arranged in a ring around the central jet of oxidizing gas.

Egalement selon l'invention, on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire et le gaz comburant ensemble de préférence dans le vent chaud alimentant le haut fourneau; dans ce cas, le jet de combustible auxiliaire entoure le jet central de gaz comburant au moins au point d'injection dans le vent chaud.Also according to the invention, said auxiliary fuel and the oxidizing gas are injected together preferably in the hot wind supplying the blast furnace; in this case, the auxiliary fuel jet surrounds the central jet of oxidizing gas at least at the point of injection into the hot wind.

Le procédé de l'invention peut s'appliquer dans tous les cas et avec tous les arrangements d'injection d'un combustible auxiliaire dans un haut fourneau.The method of the invention can be applied in all cases and with all the arrangements for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace.

A titre de simple illustration, deux exemples d'arrangements utilisant le procédé de l'invention sont représentés dans les dessins annexés, dans lesquels la

  • Figure 1 montre un premier arrangement avec une canne d'injection longitudinale formant d'une part un jet classique (a) et d'autre part un jet conforme à l'invention (b); et la
  • Figure 2 montre un autre arrangement avec une canne d'injection latérale formant également d'une part un jet classique (a) et d'autre part un jet conforme à l'invention (b).
By way of simple illustration, two examples of arrangements using the method of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the
  • Figure 1 shows a first arrangement with a longitudinal injection rod forming on the one hand a conventional jet (a) and on the other hand a jet according to the invention (b); and the
  • Figure 2 shows another arrangement with a lateral injection rod also forming on the one hand a conventional jet (a) and on the other hand a jet according to the invention (b).

Ces figures sont bien entendu des représentations schématiques, dans lesquelles on n'a reproduit que les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension de l'invention et où un même repère numérique désigne partout des éléments identiques ou correspondants.These figures are of course schematic representations, in which only the elements necessary for understanding the invention have been reproduced and where the same reference numeral designates identical or corresponding elements everywhere.

La figure 1 montre un premier arrangement d'injection, dans un haut fourneau, qui comprend un busillon 1 équipé d'une canne d'injection 2 débouchant dans une tuyère 3 située à l'extrémité de sortie du busillon 1. Comme le montre la vue en coupe agrandie accompagnant la figure, la canne d'injection 2 se compose d'un tube intérieur 4 et d'un tube extérieur 5 coaxiaux. Cet arrangement est connu et ne fait pas partie de l'invention. De même, le busillon 1 est alimenté en vent chaud 6 de manière conventionnelle, à partir d'une circulaire à vent chaud non représentée.FIG. 1 shows a first injection arrangement, in a blast furnace, which comprises a nozzle 1 fitted with an injection nozzle 2 opening into a nozzle 3 situated at the outlet end of the nozzle 1. As shown in enlarged sectional view accompanying the figure, the injection pipe 2 consists of an inner tube 4 and an outer tube 5 coaxial. This arrangement is known and does not form part of the invention. Likewise, the nozzle 1 is supplied with hot wind 6 in a conventional manner, from a circular with hot wind not shown.

L'arrangement représenté dans la figure 2 diffère de celui de la figure 1 essentiellement par le fait que la canne d'injection 2 est latérale au lieu d'être longitudinale. De ce fait, le jet de combustible auxiliaire est orienté obliquement par rapport à la direction d'écoulement du vent chaud. Cette différence n'a cependant aucun effet sur le procédé de l'invention.The arrangement shown in Figure 2 differs from that of the Figure 1 essentially by the fact that the injection rod 2 is lateral instead of being longitudinal. Therefore, the auxiliary fuel jet is oriented obliquely to the direction of flow of the hot wind. This difference however has no effect on the process of the invention.

Avec l'un et l'autre arrangement, la méthode conventionnelle d'injection consiste à former un jet central 7 de charbon par le tube intérieur 4, entouré d'un jet périphérique 5 d'oxygène ou d'air enrichi en oxygène par le conduit annulaire compris entre les tubes intérieur 4 et extérieur 5 (Fig. 1a, 2a).With either arrangement, the conventional injection method consists in forming a central jet 7 of charcoal through the inner tube 4, surrounded by a peripheral jet 5 of oxygen or of air enriched in oxygen by the annular duct between the inner 4 and outer 5 tubes (Fig. 1a, 2a).

Selon l'invention au contraire, l'oxygène ou l'air enrichi en oxygène est injecté en un jet central 8 par le tube intérieur 4, ce jet central 8 étant entouré par un jet périphérique 5 de charbon injecté par le conduit annulaire compris entre les tubes intérieur 4 et extérieur 5 (Fig. 2a, 2b).According to the invention, on the contrary, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is injected in a central jet 8 through the inner tube 4, this central jet 8 being surrounded by a peripheral jet 5 of carbon injected through the annular conduit between the inner 4 and outer 5 tubes (Fig. 2a, 2b).

La constitution du jet de combustible auxiliaire et d'oxygène, conforme à l'invention, permet d'éviter la dilution prématurée de l'oxygène, ou de l'air enrichi en oxygène, par le vent chaud environnant. Avant d'atteindre le vent chaud, l'oxygène, ou l'air enrichi en oxygène, du jet central 4 doit en effet d'abord traverser le jet périphérique de combustible auxiliaire et par conséquent réagir avec celui-ci. Il se forme ainsi un noyau de flamme à haute intensité qui conduit à une sensible accélération de la combustion et qui permet dès lors d'accroître la quantité de combustible auxiliaire que l'on peut injecter dans le haut fourneau.The constitution of the auxiliary fuel and oxygen jet, in accordance with the invention, makes it possible to avoid the premature dilution of the oxygen, or of the air enriched with oxygen, by the surrounding hot wind. Before reaching the hot wind, the oxygen, or the air enriched with oxygen, of the central jet 4 must in fact first cross the peripheral jet of auxiliary fuel and consequently react with it. A high intensity flame core is thus formed which leads to a marked acceleration of combustion and which therefore makes it possible to increase the quantity of auxiliary fuel which can be injected into the blast furnace.

Claims (6)

1. Procédé pour injecter un combustible auxiliaire dans un haut fourneau, dans lequel on injecte ensemble un combustible et un gaz comburant, caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte le gaz comburant sous la forme d'un jet central (8) et en ce que l'on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'un jet périphérique (7) entourant, au moins partiellement, le jet central (8) de gaz comburant.1. Method for injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace, in which a fuel and an oxidizing gas are injected together, characterized in that the oxidizing gas is injected in the form of a central jet (8) and in that that said auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a peripheral jet (7) surrounding, at least partially, the central jet (8) of oxidizing gas. 2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte le combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'un jet unique (7) qui entoure le jet central (8) de gaz comburant.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a single jet (7) which surrounds the central jet (8) of oxidizing gas. 3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte le combustible auxiliaire sous la forme d'une pluralité de jets disposés en couronne autour du jet central de gaz comburant.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary fuel is injected in the form of a plurality of jets arranged in a ring around the central jet of oxidizing gas. 4. Procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte ledit combustible auxiliaire et le gaz comburant qu'il entoure ensemble dans le vent chaud alimentant le haut fourneau.4. Method according to either of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said auxiliary fuel and the oxidizing gas which it surrounds are injected together in the hot wind supplying the blast furnace. 5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on opère ladite injection dans au moins une tuyère d'un haut fourneau.5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that said injection is carried out in at least one nozzle of a blast furnace. 6. Procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un gaz comburant constitué d'oxygène pur, respectivement d'air enrichi en oxygène.6. Method according to either of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one uses an oxidizing gas consisting of pure oxygen, respectively oxygen-enriched air.
EP90870043A 1989-03-28 1990-03-22 A method of injecting an auxiliary fuel into a blast furnace Withdrawn EP0390766A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE8900338 1989-03-28
BE8900338A BE1003028A6 (en) 1989-03-28 1989-03-28 PROCESS FOR INJECTING AN AUXILIARY FUEL INTO A BLAST FURNACE.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576869A2 (en) * 1992-07-01 1994-01-05 Paul Wurth S.A. Method and apparatus for injecting pulverized coal into a blast furnace
FR2702221A1 (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-09 Air Liquide Process for obtaining metal from the blast furnace or cupola.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR646999A (en) * 1928-01-06 1928-11-19 Dougree Marihaye Sa Method and apparatus for manufacturing cast iron
GB1371978A (en) * 1971-12-10 1974-10-30 Centre Rech Metallurgique Injecting liquid fuel into a high-temperature environment by means of a burner
FR2328773A2 (en) * 1975-10-21 1977-05-20 Creusot Loire Blast furnace tuyere which is not water cooled - using three concentric pipes to supply hot blast, oxidising gas, and fuel
SU849079A1 (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-07-23 За витель ;Шз; Ахтаханов и А. Б. Иразю . 1 Г; rv,,-:-; ,., . -м;.;П;; / --iAfr- Biochemical compound electric test method
JPS60126508A (en) * 1983-12-13 1985-07-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk Finely powdered coal burning device
WO1989002051A1 (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-09 Aga Aktiebolag A method to generate an oxidizing flame, a burner and a use for a burner

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR646999A (en) * 1928-01-06 1928-11-19 Dougree Marihaye Sa Method and apparatus for manufacturing cast iron
GB1371978A (en) * 1971-12-10 1974-10-30 Centre Rech Metallurgique Injecting liquid fuel into a high-temperature environment by means of a burner
FR2328773A2 (en) * 1975-10-21 1977-05-20 Creusot Loire Blast furnace tuyere which is not water cooled - using three concentric pipes to supply hot blast, oxidising gas, and fuel
SU849079A1 (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-07-23 За витель ;Шз; Ахтаханов и А. Б. Иразю . 1 Г; rv,,-:-; ,., . -м;.;П;; / --iAfr- Biochemical compound electric test method
JPS60126508A (en) * 1983-12-13 1985-07-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk Finely powdered coal burning device
WO1989002051A1 (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-09 Aga Aktiebolag A method to generate an oxidizing flame, a burner and a use for a burner

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no. 286 (M-429)[2009], 13 novembre 1985; & JP-A-60 126 508 (BABCOCK HITACHI K.K.) 06-07-1985 *
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED, semaine E 25, 4 août 1982, Derwent Publications Ltd, Londres, GB; & SU-A-849 079 (FERROUS METALLURGY INST.) 25-08-1981 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576869A2 (en) * 1992-07-01 1994-01-05 Paul Wurth S.A. Method and apparatus for injecting pulverized coal into a blast furnace
EP0576869A3 (en) * 1992-07-01 1994-03-09 Wurth Paul Sa
US5451034A (en) * 1992-07-01 1995-09-19 Paul Wurth S.A. Device for the injection of pulverized coal into a blast furnace crucible
FR2702221A1 (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-09 Air Liquide Process for obtaining metal from the blast furnace or cupola.
WO1994020642A1 (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-15 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for obtaining metal from a blast furnace or cupola furnace
US5522916A (en) * 1993-03-03 1996-06-04 L'air Liquids, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for injecting liquid oxygen

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