EP0389391B1 - Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sichern eines eine Wand besteigenden Kletterers - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sichern eines eine Wand besteigenden Kletterers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0389391B1
EP0389391B1 EP90420143A EP90420143A EP0389391B1 EP 0389391 B1 EP0389391 B1 EP 0389391B1 EP 90420143 A EP90420143 A EP 90420143A EP 90420143 A EP90420143 A EP 90420143A EP 0389391 B1 EP0389391 B1 EP 0389391B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
shaft
climber
rotation
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90420143A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0389391A1 (de
Inventor
Denis Motte
Driss Aadnan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90420143T priority Critical patent/ATE97331T1/de
Publication of EP0389391A1 publication Critical patent/EP0389391A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0389391B1 publication Critical patent/EP0389391B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/0093—Fall arrest reel devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
    • E06C7/186—Rail or rope for guiding a safety attachment, e.g. a fall arrest system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of climbing in the general sense and it relates, more specifically, to the means designed to secure a person during the climbing of an artificial or natural wall.
  • the technique designed to secure the climber in the event of a fall or "unscrewing” consists of fixedly mounting, at the top of the wall, a bar around which passes a rope with one strand connected to the climber's harness, while the other end of the rope is held by a person who assumes the climber's insurance function.
  • a safety device for a person working at height is intended to be worn by the person via a harness.
  • the device comprises a shaft intended to ensure the winding of a link, one end of which is connected to the tree and the other end of which is firmly anchored to the wall.
  • the rotation shaft is set in rotation with a toothed wheel intended to cooperate with a pawl mounted on the fixed casing of the device. If the person falls, the latter maneuvers a crank locked in rotation with the shaft, to ensure the winding of the link, so that the person can regain his level of work.
  • Such a safety device is not suitable for ensuring a climber climbing a wall and does not allow the climber to be safely escorted to ground level.
  • the present invention aims to remedy this problem by proposing a device designed to automatically ensure a climber climbing a wall, while allowing, in the event of a fall, to take it back, safely, to ground level.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide a device for ensuring, automatically and safely, one or more climbers climbing an artificial or natural wall.
  • the object of the invention also aims to provide a device which, adapted to bring to the ground at least one climber who has unscrewed, continues to assume its insurance function for other climbers progressing on the wall.
  • the object of the invention also aims to offer an insurance device for a climber, of total reliability, of simple manufacture and of reduced cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a wall equipped with an insurance device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an elevational view showing a characteristic detail of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 and showing another characteristic detail of the invention.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are sections in elevation showing another embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an elevational view of another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate a device 1 designed to automatically secure at least one climber 2 climbing a wall 3 of a natural type or, as illustrated in the drawings, of an artificial nature.
  • the device 1 comprises a cylindrical shaft 4 guided in rotation, for example at each of its ends, by bearings 5 which are supported by carrying arms 6 anchored securely at the top of the wall 3 .
  • the shaft 4 is intended to receive at least one and, as illustrated in FIG. 1 , two drums 7 each comprising a groove 8 for receiving a cord, a cord or, in general, a link 9 wound on the drum 7 according to at least one and, preferably, three or four rounds.
  • each drum 7 is equipped with an element 10 for holding or guiding constituted, for example, by a tubular sleeve 101 through which the link 9 passes.
  • the sleeve 101 is supported by rods 102 which are connected to rings 103 mounted on the shaft 4 .
  • the sleeve 101 can be mounted free in axial movement on the rods 102 to facilitate winding of the link on the drum.
  • the retaining element 10 is formed by a hoop 10 ' which is carried by fixing lugs 10''which are anchored on the wall 3 , so that the hoop extends near the upper part of the drum 7 in relation to the groove 8 .
  • the holding element 10 can also be designed to avoid any axial displacement of the link on the drum when it is wound on the drum.
  • the arch 10 ′ can be constituted for example in the form of a comb, each tooth of which maintains and separates the link on each of its turns.
  • the end of a strand 91 of the link is equipped with means not shown, but known per se, to ensure the attachment of the link to a harness worn by the climber 2 .
  • the end of the other strand 92 of the link cooperates with a system 11 ensuring the continuous recovery of the slack of the link appearing as the end of the end 91 increases, which occurs naturally during the ascending progression of the climber on the wall.
  • the recovery system 11 can be formed by any means enabling continuous tension to be ensured on the link.
  • the recovery system 11 can be formed by a spring, an elastic band or a motor driving in rotation, by means of a torque limiter, a pulley on which the strand 92 of the link is wound.
  • the recovery system 11 is constituted by a counterweight fixed to the strand 92 of the link.
  • the slack recovery system 11 can be adapted to act directly on the drum 7 and not on the strand 92 of the link.
  • the drum 7 is mounted integral with a pulley 7 a to which a cable 9 a is fixed and wound, one end of which cooperates with the recovery system 11 .
  • the strand 92 of the link is fixed to the drum 7 .
  • the link 9 is brought to cooperate with at least one return pulley 12 fixed either to the back of the wall to allow the counterweight to be positioned behind the wall ( fig. 1 and 2 ), or either transversely with respect to the drum, so that the movement of the counterweight takes place at a distance from the zone of the wall where the climber progresses ( fig. 3 ).
  • This last example is particularly suitable when the device according to the invention is intended to equip a natural wall.
  • each drum 7 is mounted on the shaft 4 by means of an irreversible control member 14 formed, for example, by a ratchet wheel or, as illustrated in the drawing, by a free wheel.
  • the control member 14 allows, on the one hand, a rotation of the drum 7 in a determined direction represented by the arrow f1 , allowing the winding of the link in a direction ensuring the rise of the strand 91 connected to the climber.
  • the control member 14 prohibits relative rotation between the drum 7 and the shaft 4 , in a direction f2 opposite to the direction f1 .
  • Such a control member 14 comprises, conventionally, an outer ring 15 mounted integral with the hub 16 of the drum and an inner ring 17 fixed in rotation on the shaft 4 .
  • the rings 15 and 17 are associated by an irreversible wedging assembly constituted by wedging ramps 18 which are carried by the outer surface of the ring 17 to act on rollers, rollers or, as illustrated, on balls 19 each biased in engagement by a spring 20 .
  • the rotation of the drum 7 in the direction f1 causes the rotation of the outer ring 15 which is angularly free in this direction, insofar as the balls 19 are moved against the springs 20 .
  • the insurance device comprises a means 21 making it possible to control the rotation of the shaft 4 in the direction f2 , so as to control the angular displacement of the drum 7 in this direction.
  • the means 21 makes it possible to obtain the controlled unfolding of the strand 91 of the link in the direction f2 , authorizing the descent to the ground of the climber having unscrewed.
  • the control means 21 is constituted, for example, by a motor member 23 driving in rotation a wheel 24 secured to the shaft 4 ( fig. 1 ).
  • the wheel 24 preferably constitutes a pinion cooperating with a threaded rod 25 coupled to the output shaft of the drive member 23 .
  • the drive member 23 is controlled in rotation as soon as a climber climbs the wall or when a sensor 26 detects determined forces exerted on the drum and corresponding to those applied to the link by the climber who has unscrewed.
  • the senor 26 which is carried by a bar 261 anchored on the wall 3 , detects the tilting of a structure 27 carrying the drive member 23 and the threaded rod 25 .
  • This support structure 27 which is pivotally mounted by means of bearings 28 adapted on the shaft 4 , is biased in elastic return by a spring 29 carried by a rod 31 fixed to the wall. Spring 29 additionally assumes a damping function in the event of a climber's fall.
  • the tilting of the support structure 27 is obtained during the fall of the climber who, by its weight, exerts forces on the link, generating a force torque on the wheel 24 via the shaft 4 and the drum 7 .
  • This force torque applied to the wheel 24 produces an axial displacement of the threaded rod 25 which causes the tilting of the support structure 27 .
  • the device according to the invention described above makes it possible to ensure automatically, safely and individually, each climber climbing the wall 3 , while not hindering the progress of the climbers. Indeed, when the climber climbs the wall, the link has a slack which is immediately recovered by the counterweight 11 causing the drum 7 to rotate in the direction f1 , thanks to the adhesion of the link on the drum.
  • the climber exerts, by its weight, forces on the link which cause an angular connection between the shaft 4 and the drum 7 as explained above.
  • the forces exerted on the link generate a torque which produces the tilting of the support structure 27 .
  • Such a tilting is detected by the sensor 26 which controls in rotation of the drive member 23 driving, in the direction f2 , the shaft 4 and the drum 7 .
  • the controlled rotation of the shaft 4 preferably at constant speed, makes it possible to obtain the unwinding of the link 9 ensuring, in complete safety, the descent to the ground of the climber having unscrewed.
  • the device according to the invention continues to provide the other climbers climbing the wall and to assume its function of taking up the slack in the links 9 connected to each climber progressing on the wall.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the means 21 for controlling the rotation of the shaft 4 is controlled when the sensor 26 detects the pivoting of the shaft 4 which constitutes, with the structure 27 carrying the drive member 23 , an assembly 33 articulated on an axis 34 relative to the wall 3 and urged by a return spring 29 .
  • the pivoting of the shaft 4 is caused as described above by the forces exerted on the link by the climber having unscrewed.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates another variant embodiment of the detection of the fall of a climber.
  • the threaded rod 25 is wedged angularly on the output shaft 231 of the drive member 23 and has a freedom of axial movement relative to the drive member.
  • the threaded rod 25 is biased by a return spring 35 .
  • a force torque appears on the wheel 24 , due to the fall of at least one climber, the wheel 24 exerts an axial thrust F on the threaded rod 25 which is moved to cooperate with a sensor 261 placed in relation with the free end portion 251 of the rod.
  • a sensor may be of the pressure type or constituted by an electrical contact making it possible to control the rotation of the motor member 23 .

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
  • Movable Scaffolding (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sichern wenigstens eines eine Wand (3) besteigenden Kletterers mit:
    - einer in von der Wand getragenen Lagern (5) drehgeführten Welle (4), zum Aufrollen einer Verbindung (9) um wenigstens eine Umdrehung, wobei ein Ende (9₁) der Verbindung mit dem Kletterer verbunden werden kann,
    - wenigstens einem zwischen der Welle (4) und einer eine Aufnahmenut (8) aufweisenden Trommel (7) montierten nichtumkehrbaren Steuerungsorgan (14), das die Drehung der Trommel (7) gegen die Welle (4) in einer Richtung (f₂) verhindert und die Drehung der Trommel (7) in einer der Richtung (f₂) entgegengesetzten Richtung (f₁) zuläßt,
    - und einem System (11), das den spannungslosen Teil der Verbindung (9) einzieht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    - jede Trommel (7) drehgeführt ist,
    - daß das System (11) kontinuierlich den spannungslosen Teil einzieht, der im Laufe des Anstiegs des mit dem Kletterer verbundenen Verbindungsendes (9₁) auftritt,
    - und daß die Vorrichtung ferner eine Einrichtung (21) zum Steuern der Drehung der Welle (4) und der Trommel (7), wenn diese durch das. nichtumkehrbare Steuerungsorgan (14) winkelmäßig verbunden sind, in der Richtung (f₂) zu steuern, mit dem Zweck, die Abrollung der Verbindung (9) zu erreichen, um den Abstieg des sich abseilenden Kletterers sicherzustellen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung (21) für die Drehung der Welle (4) angesteuert wird, wenn ein Aufnehmer (26, 26₁) festgelegte, auf die Trommel (7) wirkende Kräfte erfaßt, die denen entsprechen, die ein Kletterer beim Abseilen ausübt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuervorrichtung (21) für die Drehung der Welle aus einem an einer Trägerstruktur (27) montierten Motororgan (23) besteht, das die Drehung eines auf der Welle (4) festsitzenden Rades (24) steuert.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rad (24) ein Ritzel ist, das mit einer mit dem Motororgan (23) verbundenen Gewindestange (25) zusammenwirkt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rad (24) bei der Ausübung von dem Abseilen eines Kletterers entsprechenden Kräften auf die Welle die axiale Verschiebung der mit einer elastischen Rückstellkraft beaufschlagten Gewindestange (25) sicherstellt, die die Betätigung eines Druck- oder Bewegungsaufnehmers (26₁) ermöglicht, der in Beziehung zum freien Endbereich der Gewindestange montiert ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rad (24) bei der Ausübung von dem Abseilen eines Kletterers entsprechenden Kräften auf die Welle eine Schwenkbewegung der mit einer elastischen Rückstellkraft beaufschlagten Trägerstruktur (27) sicherstellt, deren Schwenkbewegung durch den Aufnehmer (26) erfaßt wird.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungslager (5) der Welle und die Trägerstruktur (27) ein mit einer elastischen Rückstellkraft beaufschlagtes bewegliches Organ (33) bilden, das an die Wand angelenkt ist, und dessen Schwenkbewegung vom Aufnehmer (26) erfaßt wird.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System (11) zum Einziehen des spannungslosen Teils der Verbindung (9) aus einem von einem auf die Trommel aufgewickelten Kabel gehaltenen Gegengewicht besteht.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System (11) zum Einziehen des spannungslosen Teils der Verbindung (9) aus einer Motor- und Drehmomentbegrenzergruppe besteht, die auf ein auf der Trommel aufgewickeltes Kabel wirkt.
  10. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kabel aus dem Ende der Verbindung besteht, das dem mit dem Kletterer verbundenen Ende entgegengesetzt ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Trommel (7) ein Element (10) zum Führen und zum Halten der Verbindung in Aufrollposition in der Nut der Trommel umfaßt.
EP90420143A 1989-03-22 1990-03-21 Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sichern eines eine Wand besteigenden Kletterers Expired - Lifetime EP0389391B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90420143T ATE97331T1 (de) 1989-03-22 1990-03-21 Vorrichtung zum automatischen sichern eines eine wand besteigenden kletterers.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8904028A FR2644702B1 (fr) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Dispositif pour assurer automatiquement un grimpeur escaladant une paroi
FR8904028 1989-03-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0389391A1 EP0389391A1 (de) 1990-09-26
EP0389391B1 true EP0389391B1 (de) 1993-11-18

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EP90420143A Expired - Lifetime EP0389391B1 (de) 1989-03-22 1990-03-21 Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sichern eines eine Wand besteigenden Kletterers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4997064A (de)
EP (1) EP0389391B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE97331T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69004605D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2644702B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2644702A1 (fr) 1990-09-28
US4997064A (en) 1991-03-05
ATE97331T1 (de) 1993-12-15
EP0389391A1 (de) 1990-09-26
DE69004605D1 (de) 1993-12-23
FR2644702B1 (fr) 1991-07-12

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