EP0386754A1 - Diaphragm pump with a freely oscillating metal diaphragm - Google Patents

Diaphragm pump with a freely oscillating metal diaphragm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386754A1
EP0386754A1 EP90104435A EP90104435A EP0386754A1 EP 0386754 A1 EP0386754 A1 EP 0386754A1 EP 90104435 A EP90104435 A EP 90104435A EP 90104435 A EP90104435 A EP 90104435A EP 0386754 A1 EP0386754 A1 EP 0386754A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
transmission element
diaphragm pump
membrane
actuating element
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP90104435A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0386754B1 (en
Inventor
Rüdiger Dipl.-Ing. Bräuer
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BRAN and LUEBBE
SPX Flow Technology Germany GmbH
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BRAN and LUEBBE
Bran und Luebbe GmbH
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Publication of EP0386754A1 publication Critical patent/EP0386754A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/06—Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B43/067—Pumps having fluid drive the fluid being actuated directly by a piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston diaphragm pump with a hermetically separating the delivery and the piston working chamber, which is actuated via the hydraulic medium completely filling the piston working chamber by a piston oscillating back and forth in this chamber, and with a reservoir for the hydraulic medium, which via a Refill valve is connected to the piston working space, and a movable transmission element which is moved towards the end of the suction stroke by the membrane against the force of a spring, wherein the refill valve is arranged to open.
  • Piston diaphragm pumps of this type have so far been able to be operated reliably only with plastic diaphragms for a long time.
  • Plastic membranes have a ten-fold higher elasticity than steel membranes.
  • Experiments with free-swinging steel membranes have so far failed because steel membranes succumbed to the stress after a short time at the clamping point or at other points with increased mechanical stress.
  • Free-floating plastic membranes are limited to applications and pressures as well as special media so that the plastic membrane can withstand the operating conditions.
  • the diaphragm works between dome-shaped, partly flat perforated contact surfaces which define the working space.
  • the perforated plates produce disadvantageous pressure losses, so that viscous media can only be conveyed with pre-pressure.
  • the membrane In the event of overfilling, the membrane is pressed into the front perforated plate. Since the shape of this plate can usually not be ideally adapted to the shape of the freely vibrating membrane, the membrane is deformed unfavorably, which disadvantageously shortens the service life.
  • the principle of the double diaphragm pump is known, in which two membranes are separated from one another by a liquid-filled chamber.
  • the hydraulic-side diaphragm works between dome-shaped boundary surfaces and controls the medium-side diaphragm, which has a dome-shaped contact surface only on the chamber side, but works freely on the medium side.
  • the filled space represents an additional dead space. The filling is complex and maintaining the exact filling volume is problematic.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a diaphragm pump which can deliver media at higher pressures and temperatures.
  • the object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.
  • the pump according to the invention can also compress the pumped medium to higher pressures.
  • the maximum operating temperatures may exceed 150 ° C by far. Pressures of, for example, 3500 bar can also be achieved with the construction according to the invention.
  • the actuating element for the refill valve is acted upon by springs on both sides, it can follow the membrane movement particularly precisely. Surprisingly, it has been possible in this way to ensure exact replenishment of the piston chamber with hydraulic medium even with the strokes of a metal membrane, which are approximately a power of ten less than a plastic membrane.
  • the advantageously low actuating forces of the actuating element lead to a particularly low load on the metal membrane, so that it can also withstand the stresses that occur over longer periods of time.
  • the plate-shaped design of the transmission element further advantageously reduces the surface pressure of the membrane when the refill valve is actuated, so that this measure also contributes to increasing the service life.
  • a perforated plate arranged in the piston working space prevents the diaphragm from being overloaded in the event of impermissible operating states.
  • a design has proven to be particularly advantageous in which the transmission element is a clamped spring tongue is trained.
  • Such a construction advantageously has small masses, so that the operating force of the refill valve is increased only slightly by measuring forces during operation.
  • a releasable clamping of the transmission element provided according to the invention has the advantage that, depending on the operating conditions, different preloads can be achieved, so that the diaphragm pump can also be subsequently adapted to changed working conditions.
  • the measure serves that the curvature of the spring tongue is additionally adapted to the bending curvature of the membrane.
  • This can be done in different ways.
  • the person skilled in the art can adapt the spring tongue by suitable choice of its pretension, its shape and its positioning relative to the center of the membrane, so that the spring tongue can be adapted particularly advantageously to the membrane.
  • the hydraulic-side perforated plate is firmly clamped and the metallic, resilient tongue is embedded flush in this plate, the tongue can be deflected in the direction of the delivery chamber when the membrane is swinging freely.
  • the guard locking of the refill valve being released and a connection being made between the reservoir and the hydraulic chamber.
  • the piston diaphragm pump shown in FIG. 1 has a displacement piston 1, which is oscillated back and forth in a piston working space 2 completely filled with hydraulic medium.
  • the steel membrane 4 arranged between the delivery chamber 3 and the piston working chamber 2 thereby executes a membrane stroke corresponding to the piston stroke volume.
  • the liquid to be pumped flows into the delivery chamber 3 via the suction valve 5 and is expelled via the pressure valve 6 during the pressure stroke.
  • a fixed perforated support plate 7 is present in the piston working space.
  • a control tappet 13 also passes through an opening 20 in the support plate 7 and is provided with a conical recess 13a.
  • the control plunger 13 is under pressure from a spring 8 with direction of action against the support plate 7.
  • a tumbler 9 engages essentially perpendicularly thereto, which is connected to the closing body 10 of the valve 12 at the opposite end.
  • the length of the tumbler 9 is dimensioned such that the valve 12 in its in the outer region of the circumferential rotation 13a of the control plunger 13 closed position is held so that no hydraulic medium can flow into the piston working space from the reservoir 11. This is the normal position of the arrangement.
  • the diaphragm 4 reaches the spring tongue 14 and displaces it in the direction of the piston working chamber against the spring-loaded control plunger 13
  • Spring tongue 14 adjacent control plunger 13 moves in a forced manner against the force of the spring 8 in the same direction, so that the tumbler 9 slides on the conical circumferential recess 13a of the control plunger 13.
  • the closing body 10 of the refill valve 12 is released.
  • the refill valve 12 opens as a result of the negative pressure prevailing in the piston work chamber and allows hydraulic medium to flow into the piston work chamber from the reservoir 11.
  • the spring tongue 14 is arranged in a recess 21 in the support plate 7 and fastened to it by means of a welding point 16. Since the attachment point is further out than the axis of the control plunger 13a, the spring tongue automatically adapts to the curvature of the metal membrane 4.
  • the control plunger 13 has a smaller diameter at its end 13b, which protrudes through the support plate 7, so that the spring tongue 14 cannot be punched into the support plate opening 20 when the membrane 4 is fully in contact.
  • the area 13b of the control plunger with a reduced diameter can also be designed as a separate pin.
  • the spring shown on the valve 12 only serves to prevent the closing body 10 from falling, but without exerting any significant closing force on the valve.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the spring tongue 14.
  • the spring tongue 14 completely covers the support plate opening 20 shown in dashed lines for the control tappet.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the spring tongue attachment.
  • a threaded element 17 is welded onto the spring tongue 14 for attachment. After it is inserted through a suitable opening of the support plate, it is fixed on the other side by means of nut 18 and lock nut 19.
  • a piston diaphragm pump was thus created, which advantageously eliminates the disadvantages mentioned at the outset.

Abstract

Piston diaphragm pump with a diaphragm (4) hermetically separating the pumping chamber (3) and the piston working chamber (2), which diaphragm is actuated by a piston (1) moved in an oscillating manner back and forth in this chamber by the hydraulic medium completely filling the piston working chamber (2), and with a storage reservoir (11) for the hydraulic medium, which is connected via a refilling valve (12) to the piston working chamber (2), together with a mobile transmission element (14) which is displaced towards the end of the intake stroke by the diaphragm (4) against the force of an actuating element (13) preloaded by a spring (8), which actuating element is arranged so that it opens the refilling valve (12), a) the diaphragm (4) being designed as a metal diaphragm, b) the transmission element (14) being designed as a plate-shaped part, spring-loaded in opposition to the spring (8) of the actuating element (13), and c) the pump having no bearing surface for the diaphragm (4) on the pumping chamber side. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kolbenmembranpumpe mit einer den Förder- und den Kolbenarbeitsraum hermetisch trennenden Membran, die über das den Kolbenarbeitsraum vollständig ausfüllende Hydraulikmedium durch einen in diesem Raum oszillierend hin- und herbewegten Kolben betätigt wird, und mit einem Vorratsbehälter für das Hydraulikmedium, der über ein Nachfüllventil mit dem Kolbenarbeitsraum in Verbindung steht, sowie ein bewegliches Übertragungselement, das gegen Ende des Saughubes von der Membran gegen die Kraft einer Feder verschoben wird wobei es das Nachfüllventil öffnend angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a piston diaphragm pump with a hermetically separating the delivery and the piston working chamber, which is actuated via the hydraulic medium completely filling the piston working chamber by a piston oscillating back and forth in this chamber, and with a reservoir for the hydraulic medium, which via a Refill valve is connected to the piston working space, and a movable transmission element which is moved towards the end of the suction stroke by the membrane against the force of a spring, wherein the refill valve is arranged to open.

Eine solche Kolbenmembranpumpe ist aus der Firmschrift "Lagengesteuerte Membranpumpe für große Förderströme" der Anmelderin bekannt.Such a piston diaphragm pump is known from the applicant's company publication "Position-controlled diaphragm pump for large flow rates".

Derartige Kolbenmembranpumpen können bisher über längere Zeit betriebssicher nur mit Kunststoffmembranen betrieben werden. Kunststoffmembranen weisen eine um Zehnerpotenzen höhere Elastizität gegenüber Stahlmembranen auf. Versuche mit freischwingenden Stahlmembranen scheiterten bisher aus diesem Grunde, da an der Einspannungsstelle oder an anderen Stellen mit erhöhter mechanischer Belastung Stahlmembranen nach kurzer Zeit den Beanspruchungen erlagen. Der Autor Vetter des Standardwerkes "Pumpen", Vulkan-Verlag, Essen, 1987, S. 346, rechte Spalte unten, berichtet, daß die Verwendung von Metallmembranen in freischwingender Ausführung nie betriebssicher gelungen sei.Piston diaphragm pumps of this type have so far been able to be operated reliably only with plastic diaphragms for a long time. Plastic membranes have a ten-fold higher elasticity than steel membranes. Experiments with free-swinging steel membranes have so far failed because steel membranes succumbed to the stress after a short time at the clamping point or at other points with increased mechanical stress. The author Vetter of the standard work "Pumpen", Vulkan-Verlag, Essen, 1987, p. 346, right column below, reports that the use of metal membranes in a free-swinging design was never successful.

Mit freischwingenden Kunststoffmembranen ist man auf Anwendungsfälle und Drücke sowie auf spezielle Medien beschränkt, damit die Kunststoffmembran den Betriebsbedingungen standhalten kann.Free-floating plastic membranes are limited to applications and pressures as well as special media so that the plastic membrane can withstand the operating conditions.

Bei den außerdem bekannten Membranpumpen mit Metallmembranen arbeitet die Membran zwischen kalottenförmig gekrümmten, teils ebenen gelochten Anlageflächen, die den Arbeitsraum definieren.In the diaphragm pumps with metal diaphragms, which are also known, the diaphragm works between dome-shaped, partly flat perforated contact surfaces which define the working space.

Die mediumseitige gelochte Anlagefläche des beschriebenen Systems führt zu einer Reihe von Nachteilen:The perforated contact surface of the described system leads to a number of disadvantages:

So ist die Dosierung von Suspensionen oder verschmutzten Medien nicht möglich. Die Feststoffe klemmen sich in Einspannrandnähe zwischen Membran und Lochplatte und perforieren die Membran. Gleiches geschieht auch bei einer Überfüllung des Hydrauliksystems, hervorgerufen durch zu niedrigen Saugdruck, beispielsweise bei zu langer enger Saugleitung, zu hohem Filter- oder Ventilwiderstand, bei abgesperrter Armatur in der Saugleitung, wobei sich die Membran an die mediumseitige Lochplatte anlegt.So the dosing of suspensions or dirty media is not possible. The solids clamp between the membrane and perforated plate near the clamping edge and perforate the membrane. The same also happens when the hydraulic system is overfilled, caused by suction pressure that is too low, for example if the suction line is too long, the filter or valve resistance is too high, and the valve in the suction line is shut off, with the membrane resting on the perforated plate on the medium side.

Derartige Lochplatten sind in der Formgebung kompliziert und daher teure Bauteile.Such perforated plates are complicated in shape and therefore expensive components.

Die Lochplatten erzeugen nachteilige Druckverluste, so daß viskose Medien nur mit Vordruck gefördert werden können.The perforated plates produce disadvantageous pressure losses, so that viscous media can only be conveyed with pre-pressure.

Bei Überfüllung wird die Membran in die vordere Lochplatte gepreßt. Da die Formgebung dieser Platte meist nicht ideal der Form der frei schwingenden Membran angepaßt werden kann, wird die Membran ungünstig verformt, was die Lebensdauer nachteilig verkürzt.In the event of overfilling, the membrane is pressed into the front perforated plate. Since the shape of this plate can usually not be ideally adapted to the shape of the freely vibrating membrane, the membrane is deformed unfavorably, which disadvantageously shortens the service life.

Schließlich ist das Prinzip der Doppelmembranpumpe bekannt, bei der zwei Membranen durch eine flüssigkeitsgefüllte Kammer voneinander getrennt sind. Die hydraulikseitige Membran arbeitet zwischen kalottenförmigen Begrenzungsflächen und übernimmt die Steuerung der mediumseitigen Membran, die nur an der Kammerseite eine kalottenförmige Anlagefläche aufweist, mediumseitig aber frei arbeitet. Der befüllte Zwischenraum stellt aber einen zusätzlichen Totraum dar. Die Befüllung ist aufwendig, und die Aufrechterhaltung des exakten Füllvolumens ist problematisch.Finally, the principle of the double diaphragm pump is known, in which two membranes are separated from one another by a liquid-filled chamber. The hydraulic-side diaphragm works between dome-shaped boundary surfaces and controls the medium-side diaphragm, which has a dome-shaped contact surface only on the chamber side, but works freely on the medium side. The filled space, however, represents an additional dead space. The filling is complex and maintaining the exact filling volume is problematic.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Membranpumpe anzugeben, die Medien mit höheren Drücken und Temperaturen fördern kann. Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The object of the invention is to provide a diaphragm pump which can deliver media at higher pressures and temperatures. The object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Dadurch, daß eine Metallmembran verwendet wird, kann die erfindungsgemäße Pumpe auch das Fördermedium auf höhere Drücke verdichten. Die maximalen Betriebstemperaturen dürfen 150°C bei weitem übersteigen. Auch Drücke von beispielsweise 3500 bar sind mit der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion erreichbar.Because a metal membrane is used, the pump according to the invention can also compress the pumped medium to higher pressures. The maximum operating temperatures may exceed 150 ° C by far. Pressures of, for example, 3500 bar can also be achieved with the construction according to the invention.

Dadurch, daß das Betätigungselement für das Nachfüllventil beidseitg von Federn beaufschlagt ist, vermag es der Membranbewegung besonders präzise zu folgen. Überraschenderweise ist es dadurch gelungen, auch bei den um ca. eine Zehnerpotenz geringeren Hüben einer Metallmembran gegenüber einer Kunststoffmembran ein exaktes Nachfüllen des Kolbenraumes mit Hydraulikmedium zu gewährleisten. Die vorteilhaft geringen Stellkräfte des Betätigungselementes führen zu einer besonders geringen Belastung der Metallmembran, so daß diese auch über längere Zeiträume die auftretenden Beanspruchungen ertragen kann.Because the actuating element for the refill valve is acted upon by springs on both sides, it can follow the membrane movement particularly precisely. Surprisingly, it has been possible in this way to ensure exact replenishment of the piston chamber with hydraulic medium even with the strokes of a metal membrane, which are approximately a power of ten less than a plastic membrane. The advantageously low actuating forces of the actuating element lead to a particularly low load on the metal membrane, so that it can also withstand the stresses that occur over longer periods of time.

Da förderraumseitig keine Anlagefläche für die Membran vorhanden ist, können auch verschmutzte Fördermedien gepumpt werden, ohne die Membran zu zerstören.Since there is no contact surface for the membrane on the delivery chamber side, contaminated fluids can also be pumped without destroying the membrane.

Die plattenförmige Ausbildung des Übertragungselementes reduziert weiter vorteilhaft die Flächenpressung der Membran beim Betätigen des Nachfüllventils, so daß auch diese Maßnahme zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer beiträgt.The plate-shaped design of the transmission element further advantageously reduces the surface pressure of the membrane when the refill valve is actuated, so that this measure also contributes to increasing the service life.

Eine im Kolbenarbeitsraum angeordnete Lochplatte verhindert die Überlastung der Membran bei unzulässigen Betriebszuständen.A perforated plate arranged in the piston working space prevents the diaphragm from being overloaded in the event of impermissible operating states.

Ungenauigkeiten beim Betätigen des Nachfüllventils werden dadurch vermieden, daß sich das Übertragungselement und das Betätigungselement durch aufgebrachte Vorspannkräfte kraftschlüssig berühren.Inaccuracies in the actuation of the refill valve are avoided in that the transmission element and the actuating element come into contact with one another in a force-fitting manner due to applied prestressing forces.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich eine Bauform herausgestellt, bei der das Übertragungselement als eingespannte Federzunge ausgebildet ist. Eine solche Konstruktion weist vorteilhaft geringe Massen auf, daß im Betrieb die Betätigungskraft des Nachfüllventils durch Messenkräfte nur unwesentlich erhöht wird.A design has proven to be particularly advantageous in which the transmission element is a clamped spring tongue is trained. Such a construction advantageously has small masses, so that the operating force of the refill valve is increased only slightly by measuring forces during operation.

Wenn die Federzunge von ihrer Einspannstelle radial zum Zentrum der Membran weist, so ergibt sich dadurch eine vorteilhafte Übereinstimmung ihrer Biegelinie mit der Wölbung der Membran. Die mechanische Beanspruchung der Membran wird beim Betätigen des Nachfüllventils dadurch weiter vorteilhaft reduziert.If the spring tongue points radially from its clamping point to the center of the membrane, this results in an advantageous match of its bending line with the curvature of the membrane. This further advantageously reduces the mechanical stress on the membrane when the refill valve is actuated.

Eine erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene lösbare Einspannung des Übertragungselementes weist den Vorteil auf, daß je nach Betriebsbedingungen unterschiedlich Vorspannungen erzielt werden können, so daß auch nachträglich die Membranpumpe an geänderte Arbeitsbedingungen angepaßt werden kann.A releasable clamping of the transmission element provided according to the invention has the advantage that, depending on the operating conditions, different preloads can be achieved, so that the diaphragm pump can also be subsequently adapted to changed working conditions.

Zur weiteren Verringerung der Membranbelastung dient die Maßnahme, daß zusätzlich die Krümmung der Federzunge an die Biegewölbung der Membran angepaßt ist. Dies kann auf unterschiedliche Weise erfolgen. Der Fachmann kann die Anpassung der Federzunge durch geeignete Wahl ihrer Vorspannung, ihrer Formgebung als auch ihrer Positionierung relativ zur Membranmitte treffen, so daß sich eine besonders günstige Anpassung der Federzunge an die Membran ergibt.To further reduce the membrane load, the measure serves that the curvature of the spring tongue is additionally adapted to the bending curvature of the membrane. This can be done in different ways. The person skilled in the art can adapt the spring tongue by suitable choice of its pretension, its shape and its positioning relative to the center of the membrane, so that the spring tongue can be adapted particularly advantageously to the membrane.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Pumpe sind in den Unteransprüchen 6 bis 10 beschrieben.Further advantageous refinements of the pump are described in subclaims 6 to 10.

Dadurch, daß die hydraulikseitige Lochplatte fest eingespannt ist und die metallische, federnde Zunge bündig in diese Platte eingelassen ist, kann bei frei schwingender Membran die Zunge in Richtung Förderraum ausgelenkt sein. Zum Nachfüllen bei Hydraulikölmangel wird sie gegen eine sehr geringe Federkraft verschoben, wobei die Zuhaltung des Nachfüllventils freigegeben wird, und eine Verbindung zwischen dem Vorratsbehälter und dem Hydraulikraum hergestellt wird.Because the hydraulic-side perforated plate is firmly clamped and the metallic, resilient tongue is embedded flush in this plate, the tongue can be deflected in the direction of the delivery chamber when the membrane is swinging freely. For refilling when there is a lack of hydraulic oil, it is moved against a very low spring force, the guard locking of the refill valve being released and a connection being made between the reservoir and the hydraulic chamber.

Weitere Vorteile, Einzelheiten und erfindungswesentliche Merkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen.Further advantages, details and features essential to the invention result from the following description of a preferred Embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Diese zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Kolbenmembranpumpe in schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf das Übertragungselement in der Stützplatte und
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch das in der Stützplatte angeordnete Übertragungselement.
These show:
  • 1 shows a section through the piston diaphragm pump according to the invention in a schematic representation,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the transmission element in the support plate and
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the transmission element arranged in the support plate.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Kolbenmembranpumpe besitzt einen Verdrängerkolben 1, der oszillierend in einem vollständig mit Hydraulikmedium aufgefüllten Kolbenarbeitsraum 2 hin- und herbewegt wird. Die zwischen dem Förderraum 3 und dem Kolbenarbeitsraum 2 angeordnete Stahlmembran 4 führt dadurch einen dem Kolbenhubvolumen entsprechenden Membranhub aus.The piston diaphragm pump shown in FIG. 1 has a displacement piston 1, which is oscillated back and forth in a piston working space 2 completely filled with hydraulic medium. The steel membrane 4 arranged between the delivery chamber 3 and the piston working chamber 2 thereby executes a membrane stroke corresponding to the piston stroke volume.

Beim Saughub strömt über das Saugventil 5 die zu fördernde Flüssigkeit in den Förderraum 3 und wird beim Druckhub über das Druckventil 6 ausgestoßen.During the suction stroke, the liquid to be pumped flows into the delivery chamber 3 via the suction valve 5 and is expelled via the pressure valve 6 during the pressure stroke.

Im Kolbenarbeitsraum ist eine feste gelochte Stützplatte 7 vorhanden.A fixed perforated support plate 7 is present in the piston working space.

Im Umfangsbereich tritt durch eine Öffnung 20 der Stützplatte 7 außerdem ein Steuerstößel 13 hindurch, der mit einer konischen Eindrehung 13a versehen ist. Der Steuerstößel 13 steht unter Druck einer Feder 8 mit Wirkungsrichtung gegen die Stützplatte 7.In the circumferential area, a control tappet 13 also passes through an opening 20 in the support plate 7 and is provided with a conical recess 13a. The control plunger 13 is under pressure from a spring 8 with direction of action against the support plate 7.

Im Bereich der konischen Eindrehung 13a des Steuerstößels 13 greift im wesentlichen senkrecht hierzu eine Zuhaltung 9 an, die mit dem gegenüberliegenden Ende in Verbindung mit dem Schließkörper 10 des Ventils 12 steht. Die Länge der Zuhaltung 9 ist so bemessen, daß bei ihrer Anlage im äußeren Bereich der Umfangseindrehung 13a des Steuerstößels 13 das Ventil 12 in seiner geschlossenen Lage gehalten wird, so daß aus dem Vorratsbehälter 11 kein Hydraulikmedium in den Kolbenarbeitsraum einströmen kann. Es handelt sich hierbei um die Normalstellung der Anordnung.In the area of the conical recess 13a of the control plunger 13, a tumbler 9 engages essentially perpendicularly thereto, which is connected to the closing body 10 of the valve 12 at the opposite end. The length of the tumbler 9 is dimensioned such that the valve 12 in its in the outer region of the circumferential rotation 13a of the control plunger 13 closed position is held so that no hydraulic medium can flow into the piston working space from the reservoir 11. This is the normal position of the arrangement.

Wenn nach einer gewissen Betriebsdauer die unvermeidlich auftretenden Verluste an Hydraulikmedium dazu führen, daß sich die Membranstellung beim Saughub langsam zum Kolbenarbeitsraum hin verschiebt, erreicht die Membran 4 die Federzunge 14 und verschiebt sie in Richtung auf den Kolbenarbeitsraum gegen den federbelasteten Steuerstößel 13. Der an der Federzunge 14 anliegende Steuerstößel 13 bewegt sich zwangsgeführt gegen die Kraft der Feder 8 in die gleiche Richtung, so daß die Zuhaltung 9 an der konischen Umfangseindrehung 13a des Steuerstößels 13 abgleitet. Hierdurch wird der Schließkörper 10 des Nachfüllventils 12 freigegeben. Das Nachfüllventil 12 öffnet sich infolge des im Kolbenarbeitsraum herrschenden Unterdrucks und läßt aus dem Vorratsbehälter 11 Hydraulikmedium in den Kolbenarbeitsraum einströmen. Hierdurch bewegen sich die Membran 4 und die Federzunge 14 wieder in Richtung auf den Förderraum 3. Der Steuerstößel 13 wird durch den Druck der Feder 8 in Eingriff mit der Federzunge 14 gehalten und führt dementsprechend die gleiche Bewegung aus. Während dieses Bewegungsablaufes gleitet die Zuhaltung entlang der konischen Umfangseindrehung 13a aufwärts, bis sie wieder vom äußeren Umfangsbereich des Steuerstößels 13 abgestützt wird. Hierdurch wird wiederum der Schließkörper 10 in der geschlossenen Stellung des Ventils 12 arretiert.If, after a certain period of operation, the inevitable losses of hydraulic medium lead to the diaphragm position slowly shifting towards the piston working chamber during the suction stroke, the diaphragm 4 reaches the spring tongue 14 and displaces it in the direction of the piston working chamber against the spring-loaded control plunger 13 Spring tongue 14 adjacent control plunger 13 moves in a forced manner against the force of the spring 8 in the same direction, so that the tumbler 9 slides on the conical circumferential recess 13a of the control plunger 13. As a result, the closing body 10 of the refill valve 12 is released. The refill valve 12 opens as a result of the negative pressure prevailing in the piston work chamber and allows hydraulic medium to flow into the piston work chamber from the reservoir 11. As a result, the membrane 4 and the spring tongue 14 move again in the direction of the delivery chamber 3. The control tappet 13 is held in engagement with the spring tongue 14 by the pressure of the spring 8 and accordingly carries out the same movement. During this sequence of movements, the tumbler slides upwards along the conical circumferential recess 13a until it is supported again by the outer circumferential region of the control plunger 13. This in turn locks the closing body 10 in the closed position of the valve 12.

Die Federzunge 14 ist in einer Einfräsung 21 der Stützplatte 7 angeordnet und an dieser mittels eines Schweißpunktes 16 befestigt. Da die Befestigungsstelle weiter außen liegt als die Achse des Steuerstößels 13a paßt sich die Federzunge selbsttätig an die Wölbung der Metallmembran 4 an.The spring tongue 14 is arranged in a recess 21 in the support plate 7 and fastened to it by means of a welding point 16. Since the attachment point is further out than the axis of the control plunger 13a, the spring tongue automatically adapts to the curvature of the metal membrane 4.

Der Steuerstößel 13 weist an seinem Ende 13b, das durch die Stützplatte 7 hindurchragt, einen geringeren Durchmesser auf, so daß bei vollständig anliegender Membran 4 die Federzunge 14 nicht in die Stützplattenöffnung 20 gestanzt werden kann. Zur Erleichterung der Montage kann der Bereich 13b des Steuerstößels mit verringertem Durchmesser auch als getrennter Stift ausgeführt sein. Durch die Einspannung des Steuerstößels 13 und gegebenenfalls des getrennten Stiftes zwischen der Federzunge 14 und der Feder 8 bleibt ein kraftschlüssiger Kontakt der einzelnen Teile erhalten.The control plunger 13 has a smaller diameter at its end 13b, which protrudes through the support plate 7, so that the spring tongue 14 cannot be punched into the support plate opening 20 when the membrane 4 is fully in contact. To To facilitate assembly, the area 13b of the control plunger with a reduced diameter can also be designed as a separate pin. By clamping the control plunger 13 and possibly the separate pin between the spring tongue 14 and the spring 8, a positive contact between the individual parts is maintained.

Die am Ventil 12 dargestellte Feder dient lediglich dazu, ein Herabfallen des Schließkörpers 10 zu verhindern, ohne jedoch eine nennenswerte Schließkraft des Ventils auszuüben.The spring shown on the valve 12 only serves to prevent the closing body 10 from falling, but without exerting any significant closing force on the valve.

In Fig. 2, die eine Sicht auf die Federzunge 14 darstellt, ist die ovale Ausgestaltung der Federzunge erkennbar. Die Federzunge 14 überdeckt vollständig die gestrichelt dargestellte Stützplattenöffnung 20 für den Steuerstößel.The oval configuration of the spring tongue can be seen in FIG. 2, which shows a view of the spring tongue 14. The spring tongue 14 completely covers the support plate opening 20 shown in dashed lines for the control tappet.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Variante der Federzungenbefestigung gezeigt. Auf die Federzunge 14 ist zur Befestigung ein Gewindeelement 17 aufgeschweißt. Nachdem es durch eine geeignete Öffnung der Stützplatte gesteckt ist, wird es auf der anderen Seite mittels Mutter 18 und Kontermutter 19 festgelegt.3 shows a variant of the spring tongue attachment. A threaded element 17 is welded onto the spring tongue 14 for attachment. After it is inserted through a suitable opening of the support plate, it is fixed on the other side by means of nut 18 and lock nut 19.

Es wurde somit eine Kolbenmembranpumpe geschaffen, die die eingangs aufgezeigten Nachteile in einer vorteilhaften Weise behebt.A piston diaphragm pump was thus created, which advantageously eliminates the disadvantages mentioned at the outset.

Claims (10)

1. Kolbenmembranpumpe mit einer den Förder- und den Kolbenarbeitsraum (3, 2) hermetisch trennenden Membran (4), die über das den Kolbenarbeitsraum vollständig ausfüllende Hydraulikmedium durch einen in diesem Raum oszillierend hin- und herbewegten Kolben (1) betätigt wird, und mit einem Vorratsbehälter für das Hydraulikmedium, der über ein Nachfüllventil (12) mit dem Kolbenarbeitsraum (2) in Verbindung steht, sowie ein bewegliches Übertragungselement, das gegen Ende des Saughubes von der Membran (4) gegen die Kraft eines durch eine Feder (8) vorgespannten Betätigungselementes (13) verschoben wird, das das Nachfüllventil (12) öffnend angeordnet ist, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß a) die Membran (4) als Metallmembran ausgebildet ist, b) das Übertragungselement (14) als ein der Feder (8) des Betätigungselementes (13) entgegengesetzt federndes plattenförmiges Teil ausgebildet ist, c) sie förderraumseitig keine Anlagefläche für die Membran aufweist. 1. Piston diaphragm pump with a feed and piston working chamber (3, 2) hermetically separating membrane (4), which is actuated via the hydraulic medium completely filling the piston working chamber by a piston (1) oscillating back and forth in this chamber, and with a reservoir for the hydraulic medium, which is connected to the piston working chamber (2) via a refill valve (12), and a movable transmission element, which is biased towards the end of the suction stroke by the membrane (4) against the force of a spring (8) Actuating element (13) is moved, which is arranged to open the refill valve (12), characterized in that a) the membrane (4) is designed as a metal membrane, b) the transmission element (14) is designed as a plate-shaped part resiliently resilient to the spring (8) of the actuating element (13), c) it has no contact surface for the membrane on the delivery chamber side. 2. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß zwischen Membran (4) und Kolben (1) eine Lochplatte (7) angeordnet ist.2. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, characterized in that a perforated plate (7) is arranged between the diaphragm (4) and piston (1). 3. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Nachfüllventil (12) ein Betätigungselement (13) aufweist, welches kraftschlüssig das Übertragungselement (14) berührend angeordnet ist und/oder das Übertragungselement als, vorzugsweise einseitig, eingespannte Federzunge ausgebildet ist.3. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the refill valve (12) has an actuating element (13) which is non-positively arranged in contact with the transmission element (14) and / or the transmission element is designed as a spring tongue, preferably clamped on one side. 4. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspannungsstelle des einseitig eingespannten Übertragungselementes (14) auf einem von der Kolbenachse über die Achse des Ventilbetätigungselementes hinausgehend gedachten Strahl angeordnet ist und die Einspannung des Übertragungselementes (14) vorzugsweise lösbar ausgebildet ist.4. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the clamping point of the transmission element (14) clamped on one side is arranged on an imaginary beam extending from the piston axis beyond the axis of the valve actuating element and the clamping of the transmission element (14) is preferably designed to be detachable is. 5. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Übertragungselement (14) eine Krümmung aufweist, die an die Biegewölbung der Membran (4) angepaßt ist.5. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the transmission element (14) has a curvature which is adapted to the bending curvature of the membrane (4). 6. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Übertragungselement (14) eine Federkraft aufweist, die derart auf die entgegengesetzt wirkende Feder (8) des Ventilbetätigungselementes (13) so abgestimmt ist, daß das Nachfüllventil (12) bei einer Druckdifferenz von kleiner als 0,2 bar, vorzugsweise kleiner als 0,1 bar, öffnet.6. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the transmission element (14) has a spring force which is so matched to the oppositely acting spring (8) of the valve actuating element (13) that the refill valve (12) opens at a pressure difference of less than 0.2 bar, preferably less than 0.1 bar. 7. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 oder 6, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventilbetätigungselement (13) an seinem das Übertragungselement (14) berührenden Ende ballig und/oder das Ventilbetätigungselement vollständig überdeckend ausgebildet ist.7. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the valve actuating element (13) is crowned at its end touching the transmission element (14) and / or the valve actuating element is completely overlapping. 8. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Übertragungselement (14) in der Lochplatte (7), vorzugsweise bündig mit dieser abschließend, eingelassen ist und die Dicke des Übertragungselementes (14) und der Durchmesser einer Öffnung in der Lochplatte (7) für das Ventilbetätigungselement (13) so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, daß bei höchstem Vordruck ein Durchstanzen des Übertragungselementes (14) gerade vermieden wird.8. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the transmission element (14) in the perforated plate (7), preferably flush with this, is let in and the thickness of the transmission element (14th ) and the diameter of an opening in the perforated plate (7) for the valve actuating element (13) are coordinated with one another in such a way that punching through of the transmission element (14) is just avoided at the highest pre-pressure. 9. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventilbetätigungselement (13) als Steuerstößel mit einer konischen Auflagefläche (13a) ausgebildet ist, auf der im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Steuerstößelachse eine Ventilzuhaltung (9) angeordnet ist und der Steuerstößel (13) vorzugsweise auf seiner die Lochplatte (7) durchsetzenden Länge einen Bereich mit verringertem Durchmesser aufweist.9. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the valve actuating element (13) is designed as a control plunger with a conical bearing surface (13a) on which a substantially perpendicular to the control plunger axis Valve tumbler (9) is arranged and the control plunger (13) preferably has an area with a reduced diameter on its length passing through the perforated plate (7). 10. Kolbenmembranpumpe nach Anspruch 9, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der Bereich des Steuerstößels (13) mit verringertem Durchmesser als vom Steuerstößel getrennter Stift ausgebildet ist.10. Piston diaphragm pump according to claim 9, characterized in that the region of the control plunger (13) is formed with a reduced diameter as a separate pin from the control plunger.
EP90104435A 1989-03-10 1990-03-08 Diaphragm pump with a freely oscillating metal diaphragm Expired - Lifetime EP0386754B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3907735 1989-03-10
DE3907735A DE3907735A1 (en) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 DIAPHRAGM PUMP WITH FREE-SWINGING METAL DIAPHRAGM

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EP0386754A1 true EP0386754A1 (en) 1990-09-12
EP0386754B1 EP0386754B1 (en) 1993-09-08

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US (1) US5088901A (en)
EP (1) EP0386754B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3907735A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0386754B1 (en) 1993-09-08
US5088901A (en) 1992-02-18
DE3907735A1 (en) 1990-09-20
DE59002594D1 (en) 1993-10-14

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