EP0386061A1 - Systeme d'analyse de particules - Google Patents

Systeme d'analyse de particules

Info

Publication number
EP0386061A1
EP0386061A1 EP88909571A EP88909571A EP0386061A1 EP 0386061 A1 EP0386061 A1 EP 0386061A1 EP 88909571 A EP88909571 A EP 88909571A EP 88909571 A EP88909571 A EP 88909571A EP 0386061 A1 EP0386061 A1 EP 0386061A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
monitoring system
particle
particle monitoring
representation
monitors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP88909571A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ian Keith Ludlow
Paul Henry Kaye
Nicholas Alan Eyles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Secretary of State for Defence
Original Assignee
UK Secretary of State for Defence
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB878726306A external-priority patent/GB8726306D0/en
Priority claimed from GB878726305A external-priority patent/GB8726305D0/en
Priority claimed from GB878726304A external-priority patent/GB8726304D0/en
Application filed by UK Secretary of State for Defence filed Critical UK Secretary of State for Defence
Publication of EP0386061A1 publication Critical patent/EP0386061A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1456—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1434—Optical arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G01N2015/0238—Single particle scatter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1404—Handling flow, e.g. hydrodynamic focusing
    • G01N2015/1413—Hydrodynamic focussing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N2015/1497—Particle shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N2021/6463—Optics
    • G01N2021/6469—Cavity, e.g. ellipsoid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a particle monitoring system, in particular a system for monitoring temporal changes in the size and population spectra of particles in a given fluidic environment.
  • 'particles 1 is intended to apply to both solid bodies and drops of liquid.
  • Particle analysers are known for example, as described in UK Patent Application No 2022816A in which the size and, to a certain extent, shape of the ambient particles can be determined.
  • a present monitoring system is described in UK Application No GB 2132767A which employs a number of monitoring devices set at separate locations and a receiving means to respond to signals from the monitoring devices.
  • the system is more specific to the measuring of water content and has the disadvantage of not giving any information as to temporal changes in the moisture content of the medium in which the monitoring devices are placed, but merely gives readings taken by the separate monitors over very short periods of time.
  • a further disadvantage of this system is that the monitors themselves cannot store information and so have to be connected up separately to the central receiving unit where the information is stored.
  • a particle monitoring system includes a plurality of independent particle monitors spatially separated and under the control of a master computer, wherein each particle monitor employs laser light scattering techniques for detecting and analysing individual particles in its vicinity, and stores the results over a given time period, the stores results being readable by the master computer for processing functions.
  • the processing functions may include the representation of the stored results as a function of time and/or location in graphical form.
  • i dividual monitors may take any suitable form but preferably each comprises a irst scatter chamber including a • first concave reflector, a sample of fluid in the form of a laminar flow intercepting at right angles a beam of radiation at the focal point of the first concave reflector, and a second chamber leading from an aperture in the first chamber. Light scattered by the individual particles in the sample is directed towards radiation collectors, converted into electrical signals, and analysed.
  • Such monitors are further disclosed in co-pending Applications (applicants references P0543 0D claiming priority from UK patent application No. 8726304 -and P0544W0D claiming priority from UK patent application No. 8726305) by the same inventors.
  • the system may have a present alarm capability, so that when the system detects given conditions, an audible or visual alarm is triggered.
  • Fig 1 is a schematic diagram of the deployment of several Particle Monitors in communication with a Central Master Computer.
  • Fig 2 is a schematic diagram of a single Monitor.
  • Fig 3 is a schematic diagram of the electronic processing system.
  • a number of independent monitors 1 are operated under the control of a central master microcomputer 2. If only tv/o monitors are deployed the master microcomputer is not absolutely necessary for possible processing of recorded data to reveal behavioural trends.
  • the master microcomputer is typically a commercial microcomputer, such as IBM-PC or an Olivetti M24, with custom interface electronics. Unlike the monitors (which would be battery powered), the master microcomputer 2 requires mains power.
  • each monitor functions under its own real-time calendar clock. The clocks are used to control the acquisition of data and can be used to initiate a synchronised start between several remote monitors, the start-time having been programmed into the monitor some time earlier.
  • a synchronised start can be generated by radio-control or by fibre-optic link 3 from the master computer.
  • each monitor 1 draws in ambient air by means of an electric pump, detects and measures each individual particle in the air at high throughput rates by means of laser light scattering, and records the results of each measurement in non-volatile memory.
  • Each monitor 1 communicates with the central computer 2 via radio or optical fibre links 3 or by means of a removeable memory module.
  • an electrically driven pump 4 draws in sample air 5 from the environment together with sheath air 6 through the filter unit 7.
  • the sheath air 6 confines the sample air-stream 5 by means of lamina focussing so that it passes accurately through the scattering volume at the focus of the reflector 8.
  • a laser diode 9 typically a Philips type 513 CQL
  • a laser diode 9 operating at a wavelength of 850nm and a continuous wave power of 20mW produces an output beam 10 which is focussed so as to intercept orthogonally the same air-stream 5 at the scattering volume.
  • the cross-section of the beam 10 at the inter ⁇ section point is approximately 30 ⁇ m deep by 4mm across. Particles carried in the sample air-stream 5 generate scattered light pulses as they pass through the laser beam 10 and the reflectors 8 converge this scattered light to light detector points. At these points are placed miniature photomultiplier tube detectors 11 (typically
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET circuits 14 which output binary values corresponding to the maximum value of the pulses. These binary values are then used as addresses to a look-up table which translates the pulse magnitudes to equivalent particle sizes.
  • Each of the (probably 20) size intervals is repre- sented by a 24-bit counter (ie, 0 to 16 million) and the final output histograms, stored in the memory module, show the values of all counters at the end of each integration period.
  • the memory module 15 comprises pages of random-access-memory (RAM), each of 32K bytes, and numbering up to a possible 256 pages. It is anticipated that no more than 16 pages (or 0.5 MBYTES) of RAM will be necessary.
  • RAM random-access-memory
  • Each monitor is equipped with a simple key-pad and display, so that operational parameters can be entered and results can be observed in the field.
  • the memory module 15 of each monitor 1 is preferably removable so that the data can be returned to the master microcomputer
  • Spare memory modules can be plugged into the monitor to continue data collection if required.
  • each histogram representing the particle size spectrum (ie, number of particles versus size) recorded over a precise time interval or integration period.
  • a time-code Associated with each histogram is a time-code and an identity-code for later post ⁇ processing use.
  • This integration period is user-definable, and can vary from, say, 100ms (allowing 10 histograms to be recorded per second), to several minutes.
  • the data storage capacity of the monitor would normally be sufficiently large for data to be continuously recorded for a period from minutes up to several hours, the only limit being that of the built-in memory capacity, and the battery capacity.
  • the monitors are designed to detect individual particles in the range of 1 to 15 ⁇ m equivalent diameter at maximum rates in excess of 30,000 per second, and to size the particles into a number of size windows, typically of l ⁇ m intervals. Additionally there may be over- range and under-range windows. They collect data over user definable integration period which may be varied from 100ms to 5 minutes, and store the results in non-volatile memory together with elapsed time and identity codes. They can repeat the previous step continuously
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET over a defined run-time which may be varied from 1-10,000 integration periods.
  • the detection run-time of the monitors may be initiated by means of a front-panel switch, a real-time operated delay switch, or, as an optional extra, by remote control using radio or fibre-optic link.
  • the monitors may display on request, using a built-in LCD display, numerical graphical representations of the temporal changes in size spectra recorded over the run-time or any part of the run-time.
  • the monitors are designed to accept user definable alarm conditions and generate an audible (or visual) alarm when these conditions are met. Such conditions may be, for example, a rapid increase in particle count in one or more specified size windows, a particle count which exceeds a pre-specified value, etc.
  • the monitor memory could store the size spectrum of a specific aerosol and generate an alarm when the incoming ambient air produces a similar spectrum to within predetermined thresholds, Such conditions would be implemented in software and thus may be modified to suit experimental requirements.
  • the monitors are also designed to display their current opera ⁇ tional status, including overall count rates, battery status, elapsed run-time, specified integration period, alarm conditions in operation etc (to users requirements).
  • the system allows the transfer of recorded numerical data in the memory module 15 to an external printer and aiso allows it to be removed and interrogated using the remote master microcomputer system.
  • microcomputer system and the post-processing functions it performs could vary for specific experimental conditions, but the functions performed would generally include the following:- The plotting of graphical data representing the change in recorded size spectra from a single monitor as a function of elapsed run-time; the plotting of graphical data representing the change in particle population density in one specific size interval as a function of elapsed run-time; and if data was recorded simultaneously from several monitors placed at specific locations, then graphical data could be plotted representing the change in particle spectra not only as a function of elapsed run-time but also as a function of geographical location.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Le système d'analyse de particules décrit sert à analyser certaines propriétés de particules prises séparément, en particulier en fonction du temps. Des moniteurs de particules séparés (1) enregistrent et stockent des données et comportent chacun leur propre clavier numérique et leur propre terminal à écran de visualisation. Les données sont lues et traitées par l'ordinateur pilote central (2), qui représente les données graphiquement en fonction du temps et/ou du lieu.
EP88909571A 1987-11-10 1988-11-10 Systeme d'analyse de particules Pending EP0386061A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB878726306A GB8726306D0 (en) 1987-11-10 1987-11-10 Particle monitoring system
GB8726305 1987-11-10
GB878726305A GB8726305D0 (en) 1987-11-10 1987-11-10 Portable particle analysers
GB8726306 1987-11-10
GB8726304 1987-11-10
GB878726304A GB8726304D0 (en) 1987-11-10 1987-11-10 Particle asymmetry analyser
CA000585847A CA1323996C (fr) 1987-11-10 1988-12-14 Analyseur de particules portatif
CA000585846A CA1323995C (fr) 1987-11-10 1988-12-14 Analyseur d'asymetrie des particules

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386061A1 true EP0386061A1 (fr) 1990-09-12

Family

ID=27508337

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88310597A Withdrawn EP0316173A1 (fr) 1987-11-10 1988-11-10 Système pour le contrôle de particules
EP88909571A Pending EP0386061A1 (fr) 1987-11-10 1988-11-10 Systeme d'analyse de particules

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88310597A Withdrawn EP0316173A1 (fr) 1987-11-10 1988-11-10 Système pour le contrôle de particules

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0316173A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2620488A (fr)
GB (1) GB2231403A (fr)
WO (1) WO1989004470A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2082027A1 (fr) * 1991-11-07 1993-05-08 Thomas L. Carl Appareil et methodes servant a mesurer la dimension et la densite des particules dans une cheminee
EP2264427B1 (fr) 1997-01-31 2017-05-03 Xy, Llc Dispositif optique avec réflecteur focalisant pour faire converger la radiation sur un débit de particule, et procédé d'analyse associé
US6149867A (en) 1997-12-31 2000-11-21 Xy, Inc. Sheath fluids and collection systems for sex-specific cytometer sorting of sperm
US7208265B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2007-04-24 Xy, Inc. Method of cryopreserving selected sperm cells
US7713687B2 (en) 2000-11-29 2010-05-11 Xy, Inc. System to separate frozen-thawed spermatozoa into x-chromosome bearing and y-chromosome bearing populations
BRPI0115792B1 (pt) 2000-11-29 2020-05-05 Colorado State Univ sistema para separação de espermatozóides congelados/descongelados em populações portadoras de cromossomo-x e portadoras de cromossomo-y
US8486618B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2013-07-16 Xy, Llc Heterogeneous inseminate system
JP4595067B2 (ja) 2002-08-01 2010-12-08 エックスワイ，エルエルシー 低圧精子細胞分離システム
CA2534394C (fr) 2002-08-15 2013-01-08 Xy, Inc. Cytometre a flux haute resolution
US7169548B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2007-01-30 Xy, Inc. Sperm cell processing and preservation systems
ES2918578T3 (es) 2003-03-28 2022-07-19 Inguran Llc Aparato y métodos para proporcionar esperma animal clasificado por sexo
NZ544103A (en) 2003-05-15 2010-10-29 Xy Llc Efficient haploid cell sorting for flow cytometer systems
CA2561519C (fr) 2004-03-29 2017-08-22 Monsanto Technology Llc Suspensions de sperme pour insemination
CA2574499C (fr) 2004-07-22 2016-11-29 Monsanto Technology Llc Procede pour enrichir une population de spermatozoides
JP5913787B2 (ja) 2010-02-26 2016-04-27 株式会社堀場製作所 粒度分布測定装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2132767B (en) * 1982-10-02 1987-01-28 Dr Mahmood Salehi Monitoring the property of a medium
JPS61274241A (ja) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-04 Hitachi Electronics Eng Co Ltd ダストモニタの集中管理装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8904470A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2231403A (en) 1990-11-14
EP0316173A1 (fr) 1989-05-17
WO1989004470A1 (fr) 1989-05-18
GB9007801D0 (en) 1990-08-22
AU2620488A (en) 1989-06-01

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