EP0385045A1 - Mounting for sliding doors - Google Patents

Abstract

A sliding door gear, consists of upper rollers (3) and lower projections travelling along fixed guides. The upper guides are in the form of rails (6) and the lower ones are tracks, located respectively on the under surface of the ceiling and the floor of the space covered by the door. Adjacent to the rails and tracks there are adjustable brackets (12) with retaining elements (43,46) for the rollers and pads. The rollers and the lower projections are fixed directly to the adjacent door panels, and are mounted on the further panels by bridging brackets (5). The assembly also incorporates a rod (18) which can be attached by means of the retaining elements to a tongue which acts as a stop for the door panel.

Description

The present invention refers to a fitting for sliding doors, which can be applied to sliding doors with one panel or with more than two, each of which having elements of upper bearings and lower pads, movable on fixed tracks provided bumpers that limit the movement of the panels.

Fittings for sliding doors are already known, of the type indicated, in which the tracks on which the upper rolling elements move consist of profiles which are fixed to the internal surface of the ceiling of the empty space. that the door closes. When the doors include two panels, it is necessary to have two parallel profiles, one for each door. With this traditional constitution, the doors remain suspended from the profile, having to support the entire weight of the door. With use, the screws and the fastening elements of the mentioned profiles are used to loosen, which causes the profile to lose its horizontality, giving rise to a faulty operation which can cause jamming and blocking of the doors, noise when moving, etc ...

In addition, the mounting of door profiles and panels is normally quite complicated.

The object of the present invention is to develop a fitting which allows simple assembly both of its components and of the door panels.

Another object of the invention is to obtain a fitting with which a smooth displacement of the panels is obtained and silent and moreover without risk of misalignments or unevenness of its components, thereby ensuring operation perfect of the whole.

The fitting of the invention also allows the mounting of doors which completely cover the front of the empty space to be closed, from floor to ceiling of the room or enclosure, obtaining better effects in the finishing and aspect of said enclosure.

Although the fitting of the invention can be used for doors having a panel, given its constitution and its operational safety, it is of special application for sliding doors having two or more panels.

In the fitting of the invention, the tracks on which the rolling elements and the pads will move consist of an upper rail and a lower guide, if the door has only one panel, or two parallel upper rails and close to each other and to two lower guides, also parallel and close to each other, if the door has 2 or more panels. In both cases, the rails and the guides are arranged respectively on the external surface of the ceiling and of the bottom of the void to be closed, the rail and the outermost guide remaining located in position adjacent to the edge of the areas mentioned. .

The bumpers that limit the movement of the door panels include an anchoring base, a vertical plate and a union angle. The anchoring base is fixed to the external surface of the ceiling and melts in position adjacent to the rails and guides. The vertical plate is of adjustable position, parallel to the rails and the guides, and is fixed to the anchoring base, having, from its vertical edges, means for retaining the rolling elements and buffers for the pads. The union angle serves as a base for threading the screws fixing the plate to the anchoring base.

The upper rolling elements consist of rollers with peripheral grooves, which are mounted, by means of bearings, on an axis which is integral with a vertical plate and close to said pulley. This plate is fixed directly to the internal surface of the door panel closest to the empty space to be closed, for the support of the roller on the outermost rail, while the fixing to the door farthest from the hole to close, the fixing is carried out by means of a bridge which saves the outermost rail and locates the roller on the innermost rail or distant from the door.

As for the lower runners, they include an anchoring core, a body with a profile which can be assembled to the guide and the anchoring core, and an opening limiting stopper. The anchoring core is fixed directly to the internal surface of the door panel closest to the empty space to be closed for coupling the body cited to the outermost guide, while its fixing to the most distant door vacuum to be closed is effected by means of a bridge which locates the body of the skate on the innermost or distant guide from the panels.

The stops of the rail and external guide are arranged between the profiles which define the upper rails and the two lower guides, while the stops of the rail and internal guide are arranged on the extension of said rail and guide.

The anchoring base mentioned above of the bumpers, is composed of a piece of L-shaped section, on the concave surface of which the union angle, of metallic nature, is coupled. This part has on the outer surface of one of its branches of teeth or transverse ridges. As for the vertical plate of the bumpers, it includes a lower zone, provided on one of its surfaces with teeth or vertical ridges, and an upper zone which has, from its vertical edges, opposite notches provided with means for retaining the elements of rolling. The plate and the anchoring base are fixed by means of screws which are screwed onto threaded orifices of the union angle, the teeth of the vertical plate remaining attached to those of the anchoring base, the relative position between the two elements being adjustable thanks to these teeth.

The axis of one of the upper rollers or pulleys of each panel protrudes from the free area thereof in a portion which remains opposite the notches in the vertical plate of the stops, so that when the panels are in the limit position for closing or opening, the portion which already protrudes above mentioned from the axis of the pulleys is introduced into the notches until it is located behind the retaining means of the latter, where they define nesting positions , being necessary to exert a slight effort to obtain the release of the extension of the axis and be able to initiate the movement of the panel.

The characteristics set out, as well as others specific to the invention, will be highlighted later, in greater detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a non-limiting exemplary embodiment is shown.

• La figure 1 est une perspective postérieure des élé­ments de roulement supérieurs du ferrage de l'invention.
• La figure 2 est une vue partiellement sectionnée d'­après la direction A de la figure 1.
• Les figures 3 et 4 sont, respectivement, un tracé frontal et plan supérieur d'un des éléments de roulements supé­rieurs.
• La figure 5 est une section d'après la ligne de coupe V-V de la figure 3.
• La figure 6 est une perspective postérieure des patins et pistes inférieurs.
• La figure 7 est une vue, partiellement sectionnée, d'­après la direction B de la figure 6.
• La figure 8 est un levé intérieur du corps des patins.
• La figure 9 est un tracé frontal de la base d'ancrage des butoirs.
• La figure 10 est une section d'après la ligne de cou­pe X-X de la figure 9.
• La figure 11 est une vue de profil de la base d'ancra­ge de la figure 9.
• La figure 12 est un tracé frontal de la plaque verti­cale des butoirs.
• La figure 13 est une section d'après la ligne de cou­ pe XIII-XIII de la figure 12.
• La figure 14 est une section d'après la ligne de coupe XIV-XIV de la figure 12.

In the drawings:

• Figure 1 is a rear perspective of the upper rolling elements of the fitting of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a view partially sectioned along the direction A of FIG. 1.
• Figures 3 and 4 are, respectively, a front and top plan of one of the upper bearing elements.
• FIG. 5 is a section according to the section line VV of FIG. 3.
• Figure 6 is a rear perspective of the pads and lower tracks.
• FIG. 7 is a view, partially sectioned, along the direction B of FIG. 6.
• Figure 8 is an inside survey of the skate body.
• Figure 9 is a front view of the anchor base of the bumpers.
• FIG. 10 is a section along the section line XX of FIG. 9.
• FIG. 11 is a side view of the anchoring base of FIG. 9.
• Figure 12 is a front view of the vertical plate of the buffers.
• Figure 13 is a section from the neck line pe XIII-XIII of figure 12.
• Figure 14 is a section along the section line XIV-XIV of Figure 12.

In the example shown in the drawings, the door consists of two panels bearing the numbers 1 and 2. In FIGS. 1 and 2 the upper mechanisms of the fitting of the invention are shown. These mechanisms include rolling elements which consist of rollers or pulleys 3 with peripheral grooves, each of which is mounted on a support plate 4, as will be described below. On the rear surface of the innermost panel 2 are directly fixed two rollers 3 by means of their plates 4. On the most external panel or separated from the vacuum to be closed two other rollers are mounted 3, by means of bridges 5.

The rollers 3 can move on tracks formed by two rails 6 which are fixed to the external surface of the ceiling 7 of the empty space to be closed. These rails consist of an L-shaped profile which includes a flat branch 8 provided with orifices for the passage of fixing screws 9. The other branch 10 of these profiles is of larger size and has a rounded cross section , of radius approximately similar to or slightly less than that of the groove of the rollers 3. In addition, these sections 6 have on the branch 10 and from the external surface of the branch 8 a channel 11 on which a straightening core and connecting successive sections.

The outermost rail 10 remains located adjacent to the free edge of the ceiling 7.

To limit the movement of the panels 1 and 2, there are buffers 12, two of the latter located on the rails 6 and two others immediately following the rear rail 6.

As can be better appreciated in Figures 3 to 5, the rollers or pulleys 3 are mounted on the support plate 4 by means of a bearing 13. The plate 4 has, on its rear surface, d 'a projection or pivot 14 and at one and the other end thereof, at different distance, from two grooves 15 and 16 of different length, of arcuate layout with center on the pivot 14. For the mounting of these rollers the pivot 14 is introduced into an orifice made in the panel 2 or on the bridges 5. Then the plate 4 is fixed by means of screws introduced through the grooves 15 and 16, their position and height being adjustable by turning it on the pivot 14, thanks to the size of the grooves 15 and 16. Once the pulley 3 has been duly placed, the screws 17, FIG. 1, are tightened to fix the plate 4 to the panel 2 and bridges 5.

One of the rollers of each panel, in this case one of the rollers 3 fixed to one of the bridges 5 and in the other one of the rollers 3 fixed to the panel 2, have, as an extension of its axis, a projection 18, which will serve to ensure the limit position for opening and closing the door panels.

The bridges 5 are composed of folded U-shaped plates, which are fixed by one of their lateral branches to the internal surface of the door 5, while on the other lateral branch, the plates 4 carrying the rollers are fixed. 3. As can be seen in FIG. 2, of the branch which is fixed to the panel 1, pivots 19 can protrude which are introduced in practical orifices from the internal surface of said panel 1, to serve as positioning elements to facilitate the mounting of the bridges.

On the lower part of the door, a mechanism is arranged and it is shown in Figures 6 and 7. This mechanism includes two guides 20 parallel and close to each other, which are fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom 21 of the void to be closed. The outermost guide is placed in position adjacent to the free edge of the bottom 21. These guides are made up of L-shaped profiles, one of the branches of which, bearing the number 22, is completely flat and is attached to the outer surface of the bottom 21, to which it is fixed by means of screws 22 which pass through holes made on said branch. The other branch 23 of these profiles at its starting point a widening 24 on which a channel 25 is formed which opens onto the external surface of the branch 22, to introduce rectifier and connection guides, as in the case of the rails 6 The branch 23, from its free longitudinal edge, defines the guides on which the pads 26 slide, two of which are fixed directly to the internal surface of the most internal panel 2, while to the external panel 1 two other are fixed pads via bridges 5 similar to those described for the rolling elements in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As in the case of Figures 1 and 2, between the guides 20 there are buffers 12 of similar constitution, which will serve to limit the maximum opening and closing position.

The pads 26, as can be clearly seen in Figure 7, consist of an anchor core 27 and a body 28 with a profile that can be assembled to the branch 23 of the guides 20. A shoe of each panel further includes a stopper 29, which limits the opening and closing of the panels. The core 27 is fixed to the bridges 5 and to the panel 2 by means of screws 30, FIG. 7, while the body 28 is mounted on the core 27 by sliding. The screws 30 also serve for fixing the stopper 29, formed by a flat iron forming a right angle.

The housing of the body 28, for its coupling to the core 27, is limited, as can be appreciated very well in FIG. 8, by flexible tongues 31, directed one towards each side, which are completed at their extremity in half arrowhead and which will serve as buffers to prevent relative sliding between the core 27 and the body 28, once the two parts are coupled.

The buffers 12, as can be appreciated very well in FIGS. 1 and 6, are each formed by an anchoring base 32, which is fixed directly to the external surface of the ceiling 7 and bottom 21, in position adjacent to the rails 6 and guides 20, by a vertical plate 33 of adjustable position, and by a union angle 32a.

The anchoring base 32, as can be seen in FIGS. 9 and 11, is formed by an L-shaped section piece, the branches of which have a different length. The longest branch 35 has holes 36 for the passage of the fixing screws to the external surface of the ceiling and bottom. The other branch, bearing the number 37, has vertical ridges 38 on its outer surface, as well as two horizontal grooves 39.

The vertical plate 33, as can be appreciated very well in FIGS. 12 to 14, has on one of its sur faces of a groove 40 which can be assembled on the groove 38 of the anchoring base 32. This plate has more than two orifices 41 for the passage of fixing screws to the anchoring base.

The union angle 32a, of metallic nature, mates on the concave surface of the anchoring base 32 and has threaded orifices to receive screws introduced through the holes 39 of the anchoring base 32 and orifices 41 of the plate 33, for their mutual union.

The position of the plate 33 can be adjusted relative to the anchoring base 32, this being due to the grooves 39 of the anchoring base, the plate remaining locked by tightening the fixing screws to said base, by means of the ridges 38 and 40 opposables of the base and plate.

As can be seen in FIG. 12, the plate 33 has, from its vertical edges, notches 43 which remain superiorly limited by elastically deformable fasteners 45, which have transverse deviations on the end portion which determine an armrest angular 46, with the convexity directed towards the notch 43, partially closing it, to define the means for retaining the upper rollers. The fasteners 45 terminate on an end section 47 directed in an upward direction.

Returning to FIG. 1, when the panels 1 and 2 arrive at their limit open or closed positions, the projection 18 of the rollers 3 is introduced into the notch 43 of the opposite stopper 12, until it is retained by the angular armrest 46. At the same time, as can be seen in FIG. 6, where the panel 2 of the door is shown in the closed limit position, the stopper 29 collides with the edge opposite of the plate 33, arriving the same thing in the limit open position. In this way, the panels remain retained in their limit opening and closing position. To release them from this position, it suffices to exert a slight push on the panels to obtain that the extension 18 of the axis of the upper rollers saves the angular armrest 46 which partially closes the notch 43.

With the constitution described, the displacement of the panels 1 and 2 of the door is very easily obtained, this being due to the upper rolling elements and to the pads and lower guides. The weight of the door panels is supported by the ceiling 7 of the empty space to be closed. The opening and closing limit positions remain perfectly defined by means of the stops 12.

The assembly of the various components, as well as that of the panels 1 and 2 can be carried out very easily, thanks to the possibility of adjusting the height of the plates 4 which carry the rollers 3.

In addition, as can be seen in Figure 7, the body 28 of the pads has externally on its upper and lower edges each of the grooves 48 and 49 of different depth, determined by the different height of the walls 50 which limit said grooves . This causes the mouth of one and the other channel and the edge of the walls which limit these, to remain located at a different distance from the mean longitudinal plane of the skid and, consequently, from the axis of the fixing screw 30. This constitution makes it possible to absorb possible mounting errors, by placing the body 28 of the pads on the position shown in the drawing or in the inverted position.

As indicated at the beginning of the memoir, the description of the fitting was made in relation to a type of door, but it can also be used in the case of interior doors. In this case, the rail or rails 6 would be arranged on the lower part on the ground to support the weight of the door by means of the rolling elements 3, which would be fixed to its lower part, while the guides 20 would be fixed to the upper part opposite to the corresponding rails, to cooperate with the pads 26 which would be fixed to the inner upper part of the door.

Sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the manner of carrying it out in practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated previously are susceptible of modifications of detail but without changing its fundamental principle.

Claims (10)

1.- Fitting for sliding doors, especially for doors of one or more panels, parallel, preferably two, each of which having rolling elements and skids, each movable on fixed tracks provided with bumpers which limit the movement of the panels, characterized because, preferably, the mentioned tracks are formed by two parallel upper rails close to each other and by two lower guides, also parallel and close to each other, arranged, respectively, on the external surface of the ceiling and bottom of the space to be closed, remaining the more external rail and guide located in position adjacent to the edge of the cited surfaces, the buffers being composed of an anchoring base, which is fixed to the external surface of the ceiling and bottom in position adjacent to the rails and guides, by a vertical plate of adjustable position, parallel to these rails and guides, which is fixed to the anchoring base and present from e its vertical edges of the means for retaining the rolling elements and the pads, and by a union angle; and because the rolling elements consist of rollers or pulleys with peripheral grooves which go, by means of bearings, to an axis integral with a parallel plate and close to said roller, the plate of which is fixed directly to the internal surface of the panel or panels of the door (s) closest to the void to be closed, for the support of the roller to the outermost rail, and by means of a bridge to the internal surface of the panel or panels the door furthest from the space to be closed, for supporting the roller on the most inter rail born; and because the pads include an anchoring core, a body with a profile that can be assembled to the guide and the anchoring core, and a stopper which limits opening and closing, being fixed the anchoring core directly to the internal surface of the panel or panels of the door closest to the space to be closed, for coupling the body cited to the outermost guide, and by means of a bridge to the internal surface of the panel or panels the more distant from the space to be closed, for assembling the body on the innermost guide. 2. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the rails are formed by L-shaped section profiles, one of the branches of which is planar, can be attached to the external surface of the ceiling, and has holes for passage. screws for fixing to this surface, while the other branch forms an enlargement, of approximately circular section, of radius equal to or less than that of the groove of the rollers and has a longitudinal groove at its beginning which opens out to the outside. from the external surface of the first mentioned branch. 3. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the guides are formed by L-shaped section profiles, of flat branches, one of which is attached to the external surface of the bottom and has orifices for the passage of screw for fixing to this surface, while the other branch initially has a widening on which is practiced a longitudinal groove which opens through the external surface on the first mentioned branch. 4.- fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the stops of the external rail and guide are arranged between the profiles which define the two upper rails and the two lower guides, while the stops of the rail and internal guides are arranged following this rail and guide. 5. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the anchoring base of the stops is composed by a piece of L-shaped section, to the concave surface of which the union angle is coupled, by placing this piece on one of its branches of two oblong holes and on the external surface of said branch of a toothing or transverse striation; and because the vertical plate of the bumpers includes a lower zone with two holes provided by one of its surfaces with a vertical toothing or groove, which can be assembled on the toothing of the cited branch of the anchoring base, and an upper zone which has , from its vertical edges, opposite indentations which remain superiorly limited by an elastically deformable tongue, which presents on an extreme portion transverse gaps which determine an angular armrest, with the convexity directed towards the indentation to partially close its entrance, by fixing the plate and the anchoring base to each other by means of screws which are screwed into holes, made in the union angle. 6. A fitting according to claims 1 and 5, characterized because the axis of one of the rollers of each panel exceeds the free surface of said rollers in a portion which remains opposite to the notches of the plates of the buffers, in which it penetrates until it exceeds the angular angle of the tongue which partially closes these notches, displaces cutting the panels to their closed and open limit positions. 7. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the plate of the rolling elements has a pivot, which protrudes from a free surface and arcuate oblong orifices with center on said pivot and located on one side. and on the other of the latter, at a different distance, the pivot of which is introduced through an orifice made in the panel or bridge to which the rolling elements are fixed by means of screws introduced into the cited orifices. 8. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the bridges on which the rolling elements and the pads of the more external door are fixed, are formed by a U-shaped doubled plate, through one its lateral branches are fixed in an inverted position to the internal surface of the outermost panel, while on the other lateral branch, the rolling elements and pads are fixed, which remain in the coplanar position with the rails and guides. 9. A fitting according to claim 1, characterized because the body of the pads has, from one of its lateral surfaces, a transverse housing for its coupling by sliding on the core, protruding from the smaller walls of the axial tongues. hoses directed in opposite directions and terminated in an internal semi-arrowhead, to define buffers which prevent relative sliding between the body and the core, while all along its longitudinal edges, it has channels limited by walls of different height, the mouth of the remaining canal on either side, as well as the longitudinal edge of the walls which limit them, at different distance from the mean longitudinal plane of the skate. 10.- Fitting according to claims 1 and 9, characterized because the pads of the pads are formed by a flat iron T-shaped contour, folded transversely at right angles by a central branch, whose flat iron is backed by the core of one of the pads of each panel, to which it is joined by means of the pad fixing screws.

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