EP0384378B1 - Procédé et installation de dépollution et préparation continues de débris de forage liquides et solides - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de dépollution et préparation continues de débris de forage liquides et solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0384378B1
EP0384378B1 EP90103208A EP90103208A EP0384378B1 EP 0384378 B1 EP0384378 B1 EP 0384378B1 EP 90103208 A EP90103208 A EP 90103208A EP 90103208 A EP90103208 A EP 90103208A EP 0384378 B1 EP0384378 B1 EP 0384378B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
solid
liquid
solids
residue
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90103208A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0384378A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dierkes
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MI-DRILLING FLUIDS INTL BV
MI Drilling Fluids International BV Bremen Branch
Original Assignee
MI-DRILLING FLUIDS INTL BV
MI Drilling Fluids International BV Bremen Branch
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Publication of EP0384378A1 publication Critical patent/EP0384378A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a plant for the continuous disposal and treatment of water-based liquid and solid drilling residues from clay-salt water and clay-fresh water rinses.
  • composition (ingredients) of the two drilling fluid types depends on the operating conditions of each formation to be intersected, but is usually for Type 1: 80 - 90% water 5 - 8% bentonite 0.5 - 2% organic substances (starch / CMC) - 0.5% pH regulators (NaHCO3 / NaCO3 / NaOH) 8 - 12% of the (geological) formation drilled Type 2: 70 - 85% water 5 - 6% bentonite / attapulgite 2 - 4% organic substances (starch / CMC + synthetic polymers) 0.05 - 0.1% pH regulators (as under 1 + Ca (OH) 2 + Mg (OH) 2 15 - 30% salts (NaCl / K11 / Mg2+ + Ca2+ mixed salts) 0 - 20% heavy spar (BaSO4) or iron oxide with appropriate grinding fineness Remaining bored (geological) formation
  • the substances contained in the water-based drilling fluids are e.g. T. dissolved,
  • the drilled formation materials partially dissolve in the drilling fluid or slowly accumulate as fine solids, despite intensive efforts to provide them with appropriate Devices as effectively as possible solid or liquid drilling residues to be removed from the drilling fluid.
  • heavy spar and iron oxide are also separated (prior art).
  • the dirty water accumulating on drilling rigs is caused by precipitation and cleaning work. They are heavily influenced (contaminated) by the type of drilling fluid used and must be classified and disposed of accordingly.
  • WO-A-8 500 354 discloses a method and a device for separating the solid components from drilling muds.
  • the method and the device work discontinuously in that the drilling mud is pumped from an interim storage facility into a settling tank, where it is mixed with pH adjustment agents and flocculants, with simultaneous stirring using an agitator. After the agitator has been switched off, the solids content is settled over a predetermined time. The supernatant sewage water is then pumped off and the settled solid is drawn off via a bottom outlet. The withdrawn solids portion is then subjected to an aftertreatment in order to achieve further concentration.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a plant for the continuous disposal and treatment of water-based liquid and solid drilling residues from clay-salt water and clay-fresh water rinses.
  • a plant for performing the method is specified in claim 12 and a use of the processed solid in claim 16.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for the continuous disposal and treatment of water-based liquid and solid drilling residues and also of waste water. Studies have shown that the processed solid is, for example, preferably suitable as a covering and lining material for landfills. Other areas of application include dyke construction, noise barriers, etc.
  • the aforementioned two separate, parallel-connected process lines each consist of high tanks as intermediate storage for wastewater for homogenization and preparation for separation into water and solids and high tanks as intermediate storage for liquid drilling residues or solid drilling residues of T.-F.- mixed with water to form sludge.
  • a high tank 2 is shown as an intermediate storage for simplification.
  • the wastewater and liquid drilling residues prepared for separation are mixed in a ratio determined by their solids content and, mixed with inorganic and organic flocculants via the metering points D, transferred to a high tank 4 as a settling tank by means of pump B. This is where the separation of the flocculated suspensions into water and solid material begins. The flow rate of the water from bottom to top must not exceed the sinking rate of the solid particles.
  • the water is drawn off shortly under the tank cap via line K and either discharged into the sewage system of a larger capacity sewage plant and / or recirculated into the process flow for dilution purposes.
  • the solid is continuously drawn off via an inclined or funnel-like bottom 6 by means of a screw eccentric pump B 'and thickened using a centrifuge F.
  • Solids from the clay / fresh water process enter a membrane filter press and receive properties there that are required for landfill or building rubble disposal or for further use.
  • the solid from the clay-salt water process is prepared for further desalination with water supplied via a line H from the clay-fresh water process in a mixing unit G to an aqueous slurry.
  • water supplied via a line H from the clay-fresh water process in a mixing unit G to an aqueous slurry.
  • flocculants via line D and H the sludge is passed through an additional settling tank 8 and the separation process is repeated.
  • this solid After renewed dewatering by means of a centrifuge F 'and the subsequent treatment in a membrane filter press, this solid is also salt-free and therefore landfillable (I) or can be further used in earthworks and foundation engineering.
  • the separated water is recirculated via a line C into the clay-salt water process.
  • Level III is used for the preparation and disposal of clay-salt water rinses and their salty drilling residues.
  • the solid may only consist of drilled formation or irrigation material.
  • Heavy metal salts or compounds such as those used for the production of heavy annular space liquids, e.g. B. CaBr2, are not among the permitted ingredients.
  • a circulation (pump B, line C) is provided, which also takes over the further transport of the dirty water. Test taps are provided on the tanks for control purposes. The performance of the pump unit B depends on the capacity of the storage facility.
  • a circulation and transport volume of approx. 10 m3 / h each, that is a total output of approx. 20 m3 / h, is required.
  • the quantity distribution is based on demand, i. H. adapted to the incoming amounts of dirty water.
  • the pH value adjustment of the dirty water in the interim storage facility serves to destabilize the suspension consisting of minerals and organic substances.
  • Acetic or hydrochloric acid is used, which is expediently metered by means of a peristaltic pump.
  • the pH-adjusted waste water arrives at a continuous pumping rate of 5 - 10 m3 / h with the addition of inorganic or organic flocculants via the connection D into a further high tank 12, which functions as a settling tank.
  • the size of the tank 12 is determined by the throughput capacity required. Approx. 1/3 of the tank volume is used for sedimentation and approx. 2/3 for the separation of water and solid.
  • the inlet nozzle in the settling tank is to be installed at approx. 1/3 of the total height above the floor, cf. also Fig. 1. It leads in the tank into a horizontal pipe 14 provided with holes (see Fig. 1), which ensures a uniform distribution of the water / solid mixture over the entire tank surface.
  • the holes in the pipe are directed upwards and downwards to take into account the natural flow direction of water and solids and to prevent blockages in the pipe.
  • test taps are attached to the tank at intervals of 1.5 m (not shown).
  • the clarified water is drawn off below the tank cap via line K and, if necessary, cleaned using a vacuum filter before it is discharged into the sewage system of a municipal wastewater treatment plant with a larger capacity.
  • a recirculation option to the interim storage facility is provided (see line K) and is very important for the subsequent processing stages.
  • the solids in the form of sludge come to rest in the lower third of the tank and sediment on the sloping or funnel-like bottom 6 of the tank (cf. FIG. 1). Sample taps are also provided for this part to control the sedimentation process (not shown).
  • the sludge is continuously removed with a screw eccentric pump B ′, for example with a volume of 1 to 3 m3 / h.
  • the removed pre-dewatered sludge from the T.-F.-W. process is further dewatered in membrane filter presses 15 (line E) and then goes to landfill or further use.
  • the sludge from the T. S. S. W. process is examined for salinity.
  • the solids also reach the landfill or further use or an additional desalination process via the membrane filter press.
  • the solid is first fed to a centrifuge F.
  • the liquid from the centrifuge returns to the interim storage facility or the sewage system via recirculation.
  • the solid from the centrifuge is worked up again with the water (line H) from the T.-F.-W. process to form an aqueous slurry in the mixing unit G, provided with flocculants (lines H and D) and a new settling process in one subjected to further settling tank 16 with simultaneous dilution of the salt content.
  • Further dewatering via a centrifuge and membrane filter press leads to solid materials (I) that can be landfilled or reused.
  • Liquid drilling residues are hydrocyclone deposits, as u. a. in solids control of drilling fluids, which can also be non-reusable T. S. W. W. They consist of 75 - 80% drilling fluid and 20 - 25% drilled formation. Due to the chemical / physical properties, these drilling residues can only be processed into drilling fluids with great economic effort. Crucial for this is the accumulation of solids from drilled formation in the range of 1 - 40 ⁇ and the use of expensive chemicals.
  • the high solid content is crucial for disposal.
  • the permitted ingredients include, as under Level I mentioned earlier, just drilled formation and mud material.
  • Heavy metal salt or salt such as those used for the production of heavy annular space liquids, including CaBr2, are not included.
  • the liquid drilling residues are circulated or pumped around.
  • a screw eccentric pump B with a conveying capacity of approx. 20 m3 / h is expediently used.
  • the solid / liquid separation process is prepared by adjusting the pH value to approx. 7.
  • the flocculation limit of the fine, hydrated clay particles and the stability limit of the acetate bonds of the organic substances lie in this pH value range.
  • the pH value must therefore not fall below 6.5.
  • a metering pump peristaltic pump
  • HCl / CH3-COOH is provided.
  • the bigger the intermediate storage, i.e. the buffer volume the lower the risk of acid overdosing, and thus the susceptibility to failure of the entire system is reduced.
  • the pump unit B for circulating the intermediate storage also takes over the transport of the liquid drilling residues prepared for the separation into a settling (high) tank 22.
  • the equipment of this tank has already been described for stage I (FIG. 2).
  • the liquid drilling residues are therefore first diluted with dirty water. This is done by introducing the prepared liquid drilling residues into the transfer line of the dirty water from the dirty water intermediate storage 24 into a settling tank 26. The amount of flocculant is added to the dirty water via the connection D in such a way that with a mixture ratio of five parts of dirty water and one part of liquid drilling residues Flocculation sets in.
  • a mixing tube can be installed after combining both liquids. The mixing tube must not delay the formation of flakes or destroy existing flakes.
  • the flocculated mixture reaches the settling tank 26 via a perforated distributor pipe (see pipe 14 in FIG. 1). If the mixing ratio of dirty water / liquid drilling residues is not entirely correct at times, the tank volume ensures further dilution and better sedimentation of the solids. This buffer system keeps the system susceptible to malfunctions.
  • the throughput capacity per day depends on the volume of the sedimentation tank, but should be two to four times its 2/3 volume.
  • the water overflowing from the settling tanks 22 and 26, freed from solids, is recirculated in the clay-salt water line, as described in stage I, into the dirty water intermediate storage (line K) or the excess, if necessary, via vacuum filter to the sewage system (line K ) submitted.
  • the sedimented solid from the sedimentation tanks is continuously withdrawn according to stage I by means of a screw eccentric pump B 'and led to the drainage through a centrifuge F and a chamber filter press (E and I).
  • the separated liquid passes through the recirculation system (line C 'and C) into the dirty water intermediate storage 24th
  • the solid is examined for its residual salt content in the eluate and, if necessary, subjected to desalination. For this purpose, it is treated with the water (line H) from the clay / fresh water process in a mixing unit G to form an aqueous slurry.
  • the salt content of the solid is diluted according to the amount of water and its salt content.
  • Another settling and dewatering process corresponding to stage I with a further settling tank 28 and a membrane filter press results in landfillable or reusable material.
  • the water reaches the dirty water intermediate storage 24 via the recirculation system.
  • the clarified water from the clay-fresh water process is, as already described, required to dilute the salt content in the solid from the T. S. S. W. process, or it is in the dirty water intermediate storage of the clay-fresh water process line for further dilution operations on liquid drilling residues.
  • the solid matter from the clay / fresh water process reaches the intended landfill using a centrifuge and membrane filter press or is sent for further use.
  • the separated water will recirculated to the dirty water interim storage facility of the T.-F.-W. process line.
  • the water intended for recirculation into the intermediate wastewater storage facility is collected in two 10 - 15 m3 tanks and either pumped into the intermediate storage facility with a level-controlled centrifugal pump or used for use in a subsequent stage III to liquefy solid drilling residues from clay-salt water rinsing.
  • Oil-containing, liquid drilling residues are stored separately from the process strands described and, after homogenization, checked for solids and oil content and first centrifuged. The oily solid goes to the hazardous waste landfill or for incineration.
  • centrate also examined for solids and oil content, is - depending on the result - added to the process described above in larger or smaller quantities or also disposed of as special waste.
  • the settling tanks are not used and the liquid and diluted drilling residues are fed directly to the drainage using a centrifuge F or chamber filter press (E and I).
  • the settling tanks bridging bypass lines (BP) can be provided, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3.
  • Solid drilling residues are mainly drilled geological formations and drilling fluids adhering to them, which are extracted from the drilling location using shaking sieves Drilling fluid is removed.
  • the ratio is approx. 75 - 85% formation to 25 - 15% drilling fluid.
  • centrifuges are also used to control the formation solids in drilling fluids. Like hydrocyclones, centrifuges work on the principle of centrifugal forces, only much more effectively than hydrocyclones. This is what happens another category of solid drilling residues, the solid ejection of centrifuges.
  • the ratio of drilled formation to mud is similar to that of the screened material, but of a much finer consistency.
  • Solid drilling residues may therefore only consist of drilled geological formation and drilling material, as is required for the production of drilling fluids (see page 1).
  • wastes such as paper, wood or cleaning rags, as they occur at drilling locations, are not among the defined substances to be disposed of.
  • the defined, solid drilling residues to be disposed of are strongly influenced by the type of mud from which they have been removed.
  • the salt is removed from them if necessary. To do this, proceed as follows: The incoming tipping vehicles (trucks) loaded with dredging drilling residue approach the mixing units G ′ with a minimum volume of 25 m3. The cargo is taken up in the mixing units with recirculated water (line K) from the recirculation systems and diluted to a state that is easy to pump. After completion of this process, the sludge produced is transferred to the intermediate storage 18, 20 for liquid drilling residues of the respective processing line, for example by means of a screw eccentric pump B '.
  • trucks loaded with dredging drilling residue approach the mixing units G ′ with a minimum volume of 25 m3.
  • the cargo is taken up in the mixing units with recirculated water (line K) from the recirculation systems and diluted to a state that is easy to pump.
  • the sludge produced is transferred to the intermediate storage 18, 20 for liquid drilling residues of the respective processing line, for example by means of a screw eccentric pump B '.
  • the recirculation system is of great importance for the efficiency of the entire system. The importance is to always have enough water available for the dilution processes in stages II and III without the need for dilution water must be taken from other sources (e.g. wells, receiving water, rivers).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé pour la dépollution et la préparation continues de rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau hors de lavages argile-eau saline et argile-eau fraîche, avec les étapes procédurables suivantes :
    1. stockage intermédiaire et homogénéisation des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau,
    2. déstabilisation des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau contenant des minéraux et des substances organiques par réglage du pH,
    3. renversement des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau à pH réglé pour empêcher une sédimendation,
    4. dilution des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau pour abaisser la teneur en sel des rejets de forage,
    5. déplacement des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau pompés du stockage intermédiaire au moyen d'agents floculants par addition dosée du floculant pendant le transport du stockage intermédiaire à un dispositif de floculation et de sédimentation des parties solides,
    6. floculation et sédimentation continues des parties solides des rejets de forage fluides ou solides à base d'eau dans lesquelles les rejets de forage déplacés avec l'agent floculant sont pompés en permanence dans un réservoir de sédimentation, la vitesse de poussée ascensionnelle de l'eau clarifiée étant réglée inférieure à la vitesse de sédimentation de la partie solide,
    7. soutirage continu des solides sédimentés pour une utilisation ultérieure ou pour une décharge de déchets, le cas échéant après concentration préalable,
    8. recirculation continue de l'eau dans un but de dilution au cours du processus (dans le stockage intermédiaire) et
    9. distribution continue de l'eau clarifiée à une installation de clarification, lorsque la teneur en sel de l'eau recirculée est égale à la teneur en sel de l'eau clarifiée du solide.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour une faible teneur en solides, une faible concentration en sel et une teneur basse en colloïdes protecteurs, l'étape 6 du procédé est sautée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour des solides provenant d'un processus argile-eau saline, on prévoit avant l'étape 8 du procédé, pour une teneur en sel résiduelle se trouvant au-dessus d'une valeur déterminable, les étapes procédurales supplémentaires suivantes :
    6.1 préparation avec de l'eau sous forme d'une boue aqueuse pour le dessalement des solides,
    6.2 déplacement de la boue avec un agent floculant,
    6.3 floculation et sédimentation des solides.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la dilution est effectuée au moyen d'eau usée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue une dilution en rapport des ingrédients de cinq parties d'eau usée et d'une partie de rejets de forage fluides.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que l'agent floculant est ajouté à l'agent de dilution (eau usée).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour la dépollution de rejets de forage solides (en particulier de lavages argile-eau saline), ces rejets de forage sont mélangés avant le stockage intermédiaire à de l'eau recicurlée pour former des boues à bonne capacité de pompage.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractériser en ce qu'on règle le pH à environ 7.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que le réglage du pH est effectué à l'aide d'acide chlorhydrique ou d'acide acétique.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la préparation sous forme d'une boue aqueuse avec de l'eau a lieu à partir du processus argile-eau fraîche.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que des rejets de forage fluides contenant une huile sont dépollués séparément des autres rejets de forage.
  12. Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec un caisson d'altitude en tant que stockage intermédiaire (2, 10, 18, 20, 24) pour recevoir des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau, auquel sont raccordés des installations pour l'addition dosée d'acide dans le but d'un réglage du pH des rejets de forages fluides et solides à base d'eau du stockage intermédiaire et des conduites (C) pour la dilution des rejets de forage, ainsi que respectivement un dispositif de renversement (B), et qui sont reliées à un réservoir de sédimentation (4, 6, 12, 22, 26) à écoulement continue disposé à un ou plusieurs étages, par l'intermédiaire de conduites de décharge auxquelles sont raccordées des conduites (D) pour l'addition mélangée dosée d'un agent floculant, un tube distributeur horizontal (14), avec des trous dirigés vers le haut et le bas étant disposé dans le réservoir de sédimentation, qui est raccordé à une tubulure d'entrée pour le mélange eau/solides et les réservoirs de sédimentation à écoulement continu présentent des tubulures de décharge dans la région du fond pour les solides sédimentés des rejets de forage fluides et solides à base d'eau et des tubulures de soutirage dans la région supérieure pour l'eau clarifiée, auxquelles sont reliées les conduites (C) pour le retour de l'eau dans le stockage intermédiaire pour la dilution des rejets de forage.
  13. Installation selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que le débit de pompage pour le mélange eau/solides est réglé de telle manière que la vitesse de poussée ascensionnelle de l'eau est inférieure à la vitesse de sédimentation des particules solides.
  14. Installation selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que, pour une faible teneur en solides, une faible concentration en sel et une teneur basse en colloïdes protecteur, les réservoirs de sédimentation peuvent être pontés par des conduites de dérivation (BP) pouvant être reliées aux conduites de décharge et aux conduites de recirculation (C).
  15. Installation selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que des dispositifs pour la concentration des parties solides déchargées sont raccordées aux réservoirs de sédimentation.
  16. Utilisation du solide préparé produit par le procédé et l'installation selon les revendications précédentes comme matériau dans la construction dans la terre et les fondations.
EP90103208A 1989-02-24 1990-02-20 Procédé et installation de dépollution et préparation continues de débris de forage liquides et solides Expired - Lifetime EP0384378B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3905700 1989-02-24
DE3905700A DE3905700C1 (fr) 1989-02-24 1989-02-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0384378A1 EP0384378A1 (fr) 1990-08-29
EP0384378B1 true EP0384378B1 (fr) 1994-01-26

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EP90103208A Expired - Lifetime EP0384378B1 (fr) 1989-02-24 1990-02-20 Procédé et installation de dépollution et préparation continues de débris de forage liquides et solides

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EP (1) EP0384378B1 (fr)
DD (1) DD298904A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3905700C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0384378T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2048341T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR930300139T1 (fr)
NO (1) NO900842L (fr)
PL (1) PL164220B1 (fr)

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CN108999580B (zh) * 2018-09-13 2023-10-27 重庆市涪陵页岩气环保研发与技术服务中心 一种页岩气水基钻屑淋洗脱盐装置及方法
DE102022114878A1 (de) 2022-06-14 2023-12-14 NR Umwelttechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Verwertung von Bohrspülung

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716480A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-02-13 Demco Inc Method and apparatus for cleaning solids coated with oil
US4507208A (en) * 1983-06-30 1985-03-26 Drilling Waste, Incorporated Process for handling waste from oil well operations
US4725362A (en) * 1985-11-18 1988-02-16 Dugat John W Treatment techniques for drill fluids, cuttings and other oil field wastes

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DE3905700C1 (fr) 1990-04-19
DD298904A5 (de) 1992-03-19
GR930300139T1 (en) 1994-01-31
DE59004372D1 (de) 1994-03-10
PL164220B1 (pl) 1994-07-29
ES2048341T3 (es) 1994-03-16
DK0384378T3 (da) 1995-03-13
NO900842D0 (no) 1990-02-22
NO900842L (no) 1990-08-27
EP0384378A1 (fr) 1990-08-29

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