EP0384206A1 - Electromagnet with a plunger - Google Patents

Electromagnet with a plunger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0384206A1
EP0384206A1 EP19900102279 EP90102279A EP0384206A1 EP 0384206 A1 EP0384206 A1 EP 0384206A1 EP 19900102279 EP19900102279 EP 19900102279 EP 90102279 A EP90102279 A EP 90102279A EP 0384206 A1 EP0384206 A1 EP 0384206A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole piece
annular gap
plunger
electromagnet
transmitter element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19900102279
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0384206B1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Dick
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JM Voith GmbH
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JM Voith GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to AT90102279T priority Critical patent/ATE89098T1/en
Publication of EP0384206A1 publication Critical patent/EP0384206A1/en
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Publication of EP0384206B1 publication Critical patent/EP0384206B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86622—Motor-operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnet with a plunger, in particular with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the control device of the known as well as of the electromagnet according to the invention is used to automatically adapt the magnetic force to a desired value. This should be independent of the route, i.e. from the position of the submersible anchor in the anchor stroke distance.
  • the control device is supplied with a measured value for the instantaneous magnetic induction, the measurement being carried out by the transmitter element mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the measured value and the target value are compared with one another in the control device; If there is a discrepancy between the measured value and the target value, the control device automatically triggers a change in the excitation current such that the measured value approaches the target value.
  • the transmitter element is arranged in the working air gap, ie between the movable plunger and the fixed pole piece.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the active surface of the transmitter element (which is preferably designed as a Hall generator) is penetrated perpendicularly by the magnetic flux.
  • the active surface of the transmitter element is the plane in which the charge carriers move, and this plane lies parallel to the working air gap. Under these conditions, the induction measured in the working air gap has an optimal correlation to the magnetic force). Therefore, this known arrangement of the transmitter element offers optimal conditions for the aforementioned control device to be able to fulfill the purpose described above.
  • a disadvantage of the known arrangement of the transmitter element is that it is located at a location where it is mechanically relatively easily vulnerable and where, under certain circumstances, it is exposed to an aggressive liquid which penetrates from the pressure control valve.
  • the transmitter element is arranged laterally outside of the interior enveloped by the magnet coil, in the area of that end of the magnet coil from which the plunger armature is located inside the magnet coil extends into it.
  • the sensor element is located in an area that is sealed against the ingress of liquid.
  • This arrangement of the transmitter element has the disadvantage, however, that not only the useful magnetic flux relevant for setting the magnetic force is measured, but also a so-called stray flux, the size of which depends on the instantaneous width of the working air gap.
  • the leakage flux mentioned decreases with a reduction in the working air gap. If the control device now comes into action, there is therefore an undesirable dependence of the magnetic flux (and thus the magnetic force) on the width of the working air gap between the plunger and the pole piece.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve the electromagnet known from DE-PS 27 20 877 in such a way that the transmitter element can be accommodated in a safer place than before, without losing the previous advantage that the magnetic flux (and thereby the magnetic force) can be measured with high accuracy.
  • stray flux falsifies the measurement result.
  • claim 1 states that an annular gap divides the pole piece into two, essentially coaxially nested and magnetically insulated pole piece parts.
  • the transmitter element (compared with DE-OS 36 05 216) is no longer in the area of that end of the solenoid coil from which the plunger armature extends into the interior of the solenoid coil. Instead, the transmitter element is now more in the area of the opposite end of the magnet coil, that is, where the stationary pole piece extends into the interior of the magnet coil. All of these measures have the effect that the (preferably designed as a Hall generator) transmitter element is penetrated exclusively (or almost exclusively) by the useful magnetic flux, ie by the magnetic flux passing through the plunger. The transmitter element is at least largely free of disturbing stray flux. It is at the same time - deviating from DE-PS 27 20 877 - arranged in an extremely well protected place. The risk of injury to the transmitter element is now almost zero.
  • the arrangement according to the invention also has the advantage that the magnetic resistance of the annular gap (which receives the transmitter element) remains relatively small because of the rather large lateral surface of the annular gap.
  • the donor element can now be protected against liquids, in particular against aggressive liquids.
  • the annular gap on the end face of the pole piece facing the plunger anchor is closed with a non-magnetic material (claim 2). This is particularly important when the electromagnet according to the invention is used to control a hydraulic pressure regulating valve and is thus attached directly to it.
  • the annular gap can be shaped differently, e.g. conical and / or with a paragraph. However, the cylinder jacket shape is preferred (claim 3) in order to simplify production.
  • the clear width of the annular gap can vary over the length of the electromagnet, but is preferably made constant.
  • the effect described above namely that the flux passing through the plunger is measured on the transmitter element, can be further improved by making the magnetic resistance in the fixed pole piece at least approximately the same on both sides of the annular gap, provided that the working air gap (i.e. the distance between the immersion anchor and the pole piece) assumes the smallest possible value.
  • This adjustment of the magnetic resistance in the two areas of the pole piece can be achieved in a particularly simple manner by providing an annular recess in the plunger on the end face facing the fixed pole piece (claim 4). Their depth can be determined by experiment or calculation. It can be achieved that the magnetic force is completely independent of the path. Or, if desired, a certain path dependency of the magnetic force can be achieved.
  • Said control device and the associated electronic components are preferably - as is known from DE-PS 27 20 877 - arranged between the outer end face of the pole piece and the device to be controlled (e.g. pressure control valve) in a so-called electronics room. It is expedient here if the annular gap - at least where the transmitter element is arranged - is open to the electronics compartment (claim 5). This greatly facilitates the assembly of the transmitter element and the associated electrical lines.
  • the electrically controlled pressure control valve shown is used to convert an electrical variable, a command variable, into an analog hydraulic variable. So it is an electro-hydraulic signal converter
  • the device comprises a valve housing (10) with a central bore (11) for a valve piston (12), furthermore with inlet (13), outlet (14), drain (15) and leak oil drain (16).
  • the pressure line (8) of a pump (7) can be connected to the input (13) and a line (6) to the output (14) which supplies the regulated pressure, i.e. the hydraulic output quantity, to a consumer ( 5) feeds.
  • the outlet (14) is connected to the one end face (18) of the piston (12) via bores (17).
  • the latter consists of an outer pole piece part (23) and an inner pole piece part (43).
  • Both pole piece parts (23 and 43) are preferably rotationally symmetrical and are arranged coaxially with one another and with the plunger armature (26) and the solenoid coil (22).
  • a preferably annular jacket-shaped annular gap (44) in which there is a Hall generator (transmitter element 31).
  • the annular gap is largely made of a magnetically non-conductive material (45
  • a magnetically non-conductive material 45
  • brass, silver solder or the like is used, for example, mechanically, the two pole piece parts (23, 43) thus form a unit.
  • the annular gap (44) on right end open Only in the area of the Hall generator (31) is the annular gap (44) on right end open.
  • Said adjusting rod (20) is screwed into the movable plunger anchor (26).
  • the plunger armature (26) slides in a bushing (28).
  • a circuit board (30) for a control device is attached to the (pole piece (23, 43)) between the pole piece (23, 43) and valve housing (10) ("electronics room” 39).
  • the control device serves to keep the magnetic force constant a value that can be specified by the reference variable (setpoint), the magnetic force (or “armature tightening force”) being independent of the position of the submersible armature (26) in the armature stroke distance
  • the controlled variable (measured variable) serves the magnetic induction, which is measured by the Hall generator (31) mentioned.
  • the Hall generator (31) arranged in the annular gap (44) is connected to the printed circuit board (30) via four lines, two measuring lines and two control current lines. Of these four lines, only one is indicated at (32).
  • the armature tightening force is adjusted by changing the excitation current flowing through the line (33) through the magnet coil (22).
  • the electronic components of the control device arranged on the printed circuit board (30) are shown in the drawing at e.g. 34, 35 and 36 indicated.
  • the connecting lines leading from the plug connection (25) to the printed circuit board (30) are identified by (37).
  • the magnetic coil (22), the pole piece (23, 43) and the printed circuit board (30) are fixed in the axial direction by a locking ring (38).
  • the circuit board (30) is a circular disk.
  • the adjusting rod (20) and a sleeve (27), which projects sealingly into the inner pole piece (43), extends through the center thereof.
  • the sleeve (27) is connected to an intermediate disk (27a) which rests between the valve housing (10) and the magnet housing (21).
  • the annular gap (44) and the electronics chamber (39) are sealed off from the valve interior.
  • the electronics room (39) can be filled with a plastic compound.
  • the plunger anchor (26) has a shoulder (46) with the depth (t) on its end face facing the pole piece (23, 43).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnet and plunger assembly including a ring-shaped solenoid coil having a fixed pole component which extends from the one end into the interior of the solenoid coil. Movable in the axial direction, the plunger extends from the other end into the interior of the solenoid coil. A control device serving the adjustment of the armature pull comprises a sensor element measuring the magnetic induction. The pole component is subdivided in two pole parts which are coaxially nested and between which an annular gap is formed. The annular gap is sealed with a magnetically nonconductive material on its end facing toward the plunger. The sensor element is located in the annular gap in the interior of the solenoid coil.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Elektromagneten mit einem Tauchanker, im einzelnen mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Ein derartiger Elektromagnet ist bekannt aus der DE-PS 27 20 877 (=GB 1571769) und dient vorzugsweise zum Steuern eines hydraulischen Druckregelventils. Die Regeleinrichtung des bekannten, wie auch des erfindungsgemässen Elektromagneten dient zum selbsttätigen Angleichen der Magnetkraft an einen Sollwert. Dies soll unabhängig vom Weg, d.h. von der Stellung des Tauchankers in der Ankerhubstrecke erfolgen. Hierzu wird der Regeleinrichtung ein Meßwert für die augenblickliche magnetische Induktion zugeführt, wobei die Messung durch das im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannte Geberelement erfolgt. In der Regeleinrichtung werden der Meßwert und der Sollwert miteinander verglichen; bei Vorhandensein einer Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Wert und dem Sollwert löst die Regeleinrichtung selbsttätig ein Verändern des Erregerstromes aus, derart, daß sich der Meßwert dem Sollwert nähert.The invention relates to an electromagnet with a plunger, in particular with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such an electromagnet is known from DE-PS 27 20 877 (= GB 1571769) and is preferably used to control a hydraulic pressure control valve. The control device of the known as well as of the electromagnet according to the invention is used to automatically adapt the magnetic force to a desired value. This should be independent of the route, i.e. from the position of the submersible anchor in the anchor stroke distance. To this end, the control device is supplied with a measured value for the instantaneous magnetic induction, the measurement being carried out by the transmitter element mentioned in the preamble of claim 1. The measured value and the target value are compared with one another in the control device; If there is a discrepancy between the measured value and the target value, the control device automatically triggers a change in the excitation current such that the measured value approaches the target value.

Bei dem bekannten Elektromagneten ist das Geberelement im Arbeitsluftspalt, d. h. zwischen dem beweglichen Tauchanker und dem feststehenden Polstück angeordnet. Der Vorteil dieser Anordnung besteht darin, daß die aktive Fläche des Geberelements (das vorzugsweise als Hallgenerator ausgebildet ist) vom magnetischen Fluß senkrecht durchsetzt wird. (Die aktive Fläche des Geberelementes ist die Ebene, in der sich die Ladungsträger bewegen, und diese Ebene liegt parallel zum Arbeitsluftspalt. Unter diesen Bedingungen hat die im Arbeitsluftspalt gemessene Induktion eine optimale Korrelation zur Magnetkraft). Deshalb bietet diese bekannte Anordnung des Geberelements optimale Voraussetzungen dafür, daß die genannte Regeleinrichtung den oben beschriebenen Zweck erfüllen kann. Ein Nachteil der bekannten Anordnung des Geberelements besteht jedoch darin, daß es sich an einer Stelle befindet, wo es mechanisch relativ leicht verletzbar ist und wo es unter bestimmten Umständen einer aggresiven, aus dem Druckregelventil eindringenden Flüssigkeit ausgesetzt ist.In the known electromagnet, the transmitter element is arranged in the working air gap, ie between the movable plunger and the fixed pole piece. The advantage of this arrangement is that the active surface of the transmitter element (which is preferably designed as a Hall generator) is penetrated perpendicularly by the magnetic flux. (The active surface of the transmitter element is the plane in which the charge carriers move, and this plane lies parallel to the working air gap. Under these conditions, the induction measured in the working air gap has an optimal correlation to the magnetic force). Therefore, this known arrangement of the transmitter element offers optimal conditions for the aforementioned control device to be able to fulfill the purpose described above. A disadvantage of the known arrangement of the transmitter element, however, is that it is located at a location where it is mechanically relatively easily vulnerable and where, under certain circumstances, it is exposed to an aggressive liquid which penetrates from the pressure control valve.

Ein Versuch zur Lösung dieses Problems ist bekannt aus der DE-OS 36 05 216. Dort ist das Geberelement seitlich außerhalb des von der Magnetspule umhüllten Innenraumes angeordnet, und zwar im Bereich derjenigen Stirnseite der Magnetspule, von welcher sich der Tauchanker in das Innere der Magnetspule hinein erstreckt. Das Geberelement liegt dort in einem Bereich, der gegen den Zutritt von Flüssigkeit abgedichtet ist. Diese Anordnung des Geberelements hat aber den Nachteil, daß nicht nur der für das Einstellen der Magnetkraft relevante Nutz-Magnetfluß gemessen wird, sondern auch ein sogenannter Streufluß, dessen Größe von der augenblicklichen Breite des Arbeitsluftspaltes abhängig ist. Der genannte Streufluß nimmt mit einer Verringerung des Arbeitsluftspaltes ab. Tritt nun die Regeleinrichtung in Aktion, so ergibt sich daher eine unerwünschte Abhängigkeit des magnetischen Flusses (und somit der Magnetkraft) von der Breite des Arbeitsluftspaltes zwischen Tauchanker und Polstück.An attempt to solve this problem is known from DE-OS 36 05 216. There, the transmitter element is arranged laterally outside of the interior enveloped by the magnet coil, in the area of that end of the magnet coil from which the plunger armature is located inside the magnet coil extends into it. The sensor element is located in an area that is sealed against the ingress of liquid. This arrangement of the transmitter element has the disadvantage, however, that not only the useful magnetic flux relevant for setting the magnetic force is measured, but also a so-called stray flux, the size of which depends on the instantaneous width of the working air gap. The leakage flux mentioned decreases with a reduction in the working air gap. If the control device now comes into action, there is therefore an undesirable dependence of the magnetic flux (and thus the magnetic force) on the width of the working air gap between the plunger and the pole piece.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, den aus der DE-PS 27 20 877 bekannten Elektromagneten dahingehend zu verbessern, daß das Geberelement an einem sichereren Platz untergebracht werden kann als bisher, und zwar ohne Verlust des bisherigen Vorteils, daß der magnetische Fluß (und hierdurch die Magnetkraft) mit hoher Genauigkeit gemessen werden kann. Insbesondere soll vermieden werden, daß ein sogenannter Streufluß das Meßergebnis verfälscht.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the electromagnet known from DE-PS 27 20 877 in such a way that the transmitter element can be accommodated in a safer place than before, without losing the previous advantage that the magnetic flux (and thereby the magnetic force) can be measured with high accuracy. In particular, it should be avoided that a so-called stray flux falsifies the measurement result.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Ansprüches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Der Anspruch 1 besagt mit anderen Worten, daß ein Ringspalt das Polstück in zwei, im wesentlichen koaxial ineinander liegende und magnetisch voneinander isolierte Polstückteile unterteilt. Hierdurch liegt in dem Ringspalt, der nun das Geberelement aufnimmt, eine ziemlich genau radiale Richtung des magnetischen Flusses vor. Das Geberelement wird derart in den Ringspalt eingesetzt, daß seine aktive Fläche parallel zum Ringspalt liegt. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die aktive Fläche des Geberelements wiederum senkrecht vom magnetischen Fluß durchsetzt wird.In other words, claim 1 states that an annular gap divides the pole piece into two, essentially coaxially nested and magnetically insulated pole piece parts. As a result, there is a fairly precise radial direction of the magnetic flux in the annular gap which now receives the transmitter element. The encoder element is inserted into the annular gap in such a way that its active surface lies parallel to the annular gap. The result of this is that the active surface of the transmitter element is again penetrated perpendicularly by the magnetic flux.

Außerdem liegt das Geberelement (verglichen mit der DE-OS 36 05 216) nicht mehr im Bereich desjenigen Endes der Magnetspule, vom welchen sich der Tauchanker in das Innere der Magnetspule hinein erstreckt. Statt dessen liegt das Geberelement nun mehr im Bereich des gegenüberliegenden Endes der Magnetspule, also dort, wo sich das feststehende Polstück in den Innenraum der Magnetspule hinein erstreckt. Alle diese Maßnahmen bewirken, daß das (vorzugsweise als Hallgenerator ausgebildete) Geberelement ausschließlich (oder nahezu ausschließlich) vom Nutz-Magnetfluß durchsetzt wird, d.h. von dem durch den Tauchanker hindurchgehenden Magnetfluß. Das Geberelement ist hierbei zumindest weitgehend frei von störendem Streufluß. Es ist zugleich - abweichend von DE-PS 27 20 877 - an einer außerordentlich gut geschützten Stelle angeordnet. Die Gefahr einer Verletzung des Geberelements ist nunmehr nahezu gleich Null. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung hat darüber hinaus auch noch den Vorteil, daß der magnetische Widerstand des Ringspaltes (der das Geberelement aufnimmt) wegen der ziemlich großen Mantelfläche bes Ringspaltes verhältnismäßig klein bleibt.In addition, the transmitter element (compared with DE-OS 36 05 216) is no longer in the area of that end of the solenoid coil from which the plunger armature extends into the interior of the solenoid coil. Instead, the transmitter element is now more in the area of the opposite end of the magnet coil, that is, where the stationary pole piece extends into the interior of the magnet coil. All of these measures have the effect that the (preferably designed as a Hall generator) transmitter element is penetrated exclusively (or almost exclusively) by the useful magnetic flux, ie by the magnetic flux passing through the plunger. The transmitter element is at least largely free of disturbing stray flux. It is at the same time - deviating from DE-PS 27 20 877 - arranged in an extremely well protected place. The risk of injury to the transmitter element is now almost zero. The arrangement according to the invention also has the advantage that the magnetic resistance of the annular gap (which receives the transmitter element) remains relatively small because of the rather large lateral surface of the annular gap.

Außerdem kann man nunmehr das Geberelement gegen Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere gegen aggresive Flüssigkeiten, schützen. Hierzu wird man den Ringspalt an der dem Tauchanker zugewandten Stirnseite des Polstücks mit einem nicht-magnetischen Werkstoff verschließen (Anspruch 2). Dies ist dann besonders wichtig, wenn der erfindungsgemäße Elektromagnet zum Steuern eines hydraulischen Druckregelventils angewandt wird und somit unmittelbar an dieses angebaut ist.In addition, the donor element can now be protected against liquids, in particular against aggressive liquids. For this purpose, the annular gap on the end face of the pole piece facing the plunger anchor is closed with a non-magnetic material (claim 2). This is particularly important when the electromagnet according to the invention is used to control a hydraulic pressure regulating valve and is thus attached directly to it.

Der Ringspalt kann unterschiedlich geformt sein, z.B. konisch und/oder mit einem Absatz. Bevorzugt wird jedoch die Zylindermantel-Form (Anspruch 3), um die Fertigung zu vereinfachen. Die lichte Weite des Ringspaltes kann über die Länge des Elektromagneten variieren, vorzugsweise macht man sie jedoch konstant.The annular gap can be shaped differently, e.g. conical and / or with a paragraph. However, the cylinder jacket shape is preferred (claim 3) in order to simplify production. The clear width of the annular gap can vary over the length of the electromagnet, but is preferably made constant.

Die oben beschriebene Wirkung, nämlich daß am Geberelement der durch den Tauchanker gehende Fluß gemessen wird, kann noch dadurch verbessert werden, daß man den magnetischen Widerstand im feststehenden Polstück zu beiden Seiten des Ringspaltes wenigstens angenähert gleich macht, sofern der Arbeitsluftspalt (d.h. der Abstand zwischen dem Tauchanker und dem Polstück) den kleinstmöglichen Wert annimmt. Diese Angleichung des magnetischen Widerstandes in den beiden Bereichen des Polstückes läßt sich in besonders einfacher Weise dadurch realisieren, daß man im Tauchanker auf der dem feststehenden Polstück zugewandten Stirnseite eine ringförmige Ausnehmung vorsieht (Anspruch 4). Deren Tiefe kann durch Versuch oder Berechnung ermittelt werden. Dabei kann man erreichen, daß die Magnetkraft vollkommen wegunabhängig ist. Oder man kann, falls erwünscht, eine bestimmte Wegabhängigkeit der Magnetkraft erzielen.The effect described above, namely that the flux passing through the plunger is measured on the transmitter element, can be further improved by making the magnetic resistance in the fixed pole piece at least approximately the same on both sides of the annular gap, provided that the working air gap (i.e. the distance between the immersion anchor and the pole piece) assumes the smallest possible value. This adjustment of the magnetic resistance in the two areas of the pole piece can be achieved in a particularly simple manner by providing an annular recess in the plunger on the end face facing the fixed pole piece (claim 4). Their depth can be determined by experiment or calculation. It can be achieved that the magnetic force is completely independent of the path. Or, if desired, a certain path dependency of the magnetic force can be achieved.

Die genannte Regeleinrichtung und die dazugehörenden Elektronik-Bauteile werden vorzugsweise - wie aus der DE-PS 27 20 877 bekannt - zwischen der äußeren Stirnseite des Polstücks und der zu steuernden Einrichtung (z. B. Druckregelventil) in einem sogenannten Elektronikraum angeordnet. Hierbei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der Ringspalt - wenigstens dort, wo das Geberelement angeordnet wird - zum Elektronikraum hin offen ist (Anspruch 5). Dies erleichtert sehr die Montage des Geberelements und der der dazugehörenden elektrischen Leitungen.Said control device and the associated electronic components are preferably - as is known from DE-PS 27 20 877 - arranged between the outer end face of the pole piece and the device to be controlled (e.g. pressure control valve) in a so-called electronics room. It is expedient here if the annular gap - at least where the transmitter element is arranged - is open to the electronics compartment (claim 5). This greatly facilitates the assembly of the transmitter element and the associated electrical lines.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Diese zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Elektromagneten, der ein Druckregelventil steuert.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. This shows a longitudinal section through an electromagnet that controls a pressure control valve.

Das dargestellte elektrisch gesteuerte Druckregelventil dient zum Umsetzen einer elektrischen Größe, einer Führungsgröße, in eine analoge hydraulische Größe. Es handelt sich also um einen elektrohydraulischen SignalumsetzerThe electrically controlled pressure control valve shown is used to convert an electrical variable, a command variable, into an analog hydraulic variable. So it is an electro-hydraulic signal converter

Das Gerät umfaßt ein Ventilgehäuse (10) mit einer zentrischen Bohrung (11) für einen Ventilkolben (12), ferner mit Eingang (13), Ausgang (14), Abfluß (15) und Leckölabfluß (16).The device comprises a valve housing (10) with a central bore (11) for a valve piston (12), furthermore with inlet (13), outlet (14), drain (15) and leak oil drain (16).

Wie symbolisch dargestellt ist, kann an den Eingang (13) die Druckleitung (8) einer Pumpe (7) angeschlossen werden und an den Ausgang (14) eine Leitung (6), die den geregelten Druck, d.h. die hydraulische Ausgangsgröße, einem Verbraucher (5) zuführt. Der Ausgang (14) steht über Bohrungen (17) mit der einen Stirnseite (18) des Kolbens (12) in Leitungsverbindung. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite (19) liegt eine Stellstange (20) an, die das Stellglied eines insgesamt mit (9) bezeichneten Elektromagneten bildet.As shown symbolically, the pressure line (8) of a pump (7) can be connected to the input (13) and a line (6) to the output (14) which supplies the regulated pressure, i.e. the hydraulic output quantity, to a consumer ( 5) feeds. The outlet (14) is connected to the one end face (18) of the piston (12) via bores (17). On the opposite end face (19) there is an actuating rod (20) which forms the actuator of an electromagnet designated overall by (9).

Dieser umfaßt im wesentlichen ein Magnetgehäuse (21), eine Magnetspule (22), einen beweglichen Tauchanker (26) und ein feststehendes, zweiteiliges Polstück (23, 43). Letzteres besteht aus einem äußeren Polstückteil (23) und aus einem inneren Polstückteil (43). Beide Polstückteile (23 und 43) sind vorzugsweise rotationssymmetrisch geformt und zueinander sowie zum Tauchanker (26) und zur Magnetspule (22) koaxial angeordnet. Zwischen den beiden Polstückteilen (23 und 43) befindet sich, als magnetische Isolierung, ein vorzugsweise zylindermantelförmiger Ringspalt (44), in dem sich ein als Hallgenerator (ausgebildetes Geberelement (31) befindet. Der Ringspalt ist weitgehend durch ein magnetisch nicht leitfähiges Material (45) ausgefüllt. Man verwendet hierzu z. B. Messing, Silberlot oder dergleichen. Mechanisch bilden die beiden Polstückteile (23, 43) somit ein Einheit. Nur im Bereich des Hallgenerators (31) ist der Ringspalt (44) am (in der Zeichnung) rechten Ende offen.This essentially comprises a magnet housing (21), a magnet coil (22), a movable plunger (26) and a fixed, two-part pole piece (23, 43). The latter consists of an outer pole piece part (23) and an inner pole piece part (43). Both pole piece parts (23 and 43) are preferably rotationally symmetrical and are arranged coaxially with one another and with the plunger armature (26) and the solenoid coil (22). Between the two pole piece parts (23 and 43) there is, as magnetic insulation, a preferably annular jacket-shaped annular gap (44) in which there is a Hall generator (transmitter element 31). The annular gap is largely made of a magnetically non-conductive material (45 For this purpose, brass, silver solder or the like is used, for example, mechanically, the two pole piece parts (23, 43) thus form a unit. Only in the area of the Hall generator (31) is the annular gap (44) on right end open.

Man erkennt ferner einen Anschlußstutzen (24) für eine elektrische Steckverbindung (25), die zum Zuführen einer elektrischen Führungsgröße und zur Energieversorgung dient. In den beweglichen Tauchanker (26), ist die genannte Stellstange (20) eingeschraubt. Am (in der Zeichnung linken) Ende des Magnetgehäuses (21) gleitet der Tauchanker (26) in einer Buchse (28).One can also see a connection piece (24) for an electrical plug connection (25), which is used to supply an electrical command variable and for energy supply. Said adjusting rod (20) is screwed into the movable plunger anchor (26). At the (left in the drawing) end of the magnet housing (21) the plunger armature (26) slides in a bushing (28).

In dem zwischen Polstück (23, 43) und Ventilgehäuse (10) befindlichen Zwischenraum ("Elektronikraum" 39) ist eine Leiterplatte (30) für eine Regeleinrichtung an das (Polstück (23, 43) angesetzt. Die Regeleinrichtung dient zum Konstanthalten der Magnetkraft auf einen Wert, der durch die Führungsgröße (Sollwert) vorgegeben werden kann, wobei die Magnetkraft (oder "Ankeranzugskraft") unabhängig von der Stellung des Tauchankers (26) in der Ankerhubstrecke ist. Als Regelgröße (Meßgröße) dient hierbei die magnetische Induktion, die durch den genannten Hallgenerator (31) gemessen wird. Der im Ringspalt (44) angeordnete Hallgenerator (31) ist über vier Leitungen, zwei Meßleitungen und zwei Steuerstromleitungen, mit der Leiterplatte (30) verbunden. Von diesen vier Leitungen ist nur eine bei (32) angedeutet. Das Einstellen der Ankeranzugskraft erfolgt durch Verändern des über die Leitung (33) durch die Magnetspule (22) fließenden Erregerstromes.A circuit board (30) for a control device is attached to the (pole piece (23, 43)) between the pole piece (23, 43) and valve housing (10) ("electronics room" 39). The control device serves to keep the magnetic force constant a value that can be specified by the reference variable (setpoint), the magnetic force (or “armature tightening force”) being independent of the position of the submersible armature (26) in the armature stroke distance The controlled variable (measured variable) serves the magnetic induction, which is measured by the Hall generator (31) mentioned. The Hall generator (31) arranged in the annular gap (44) is connected to the printed circuit board (30) via four lines, two measuring lines and two control current lines. Of these four lines, only one is indicated at (32). The armature tightening force is adjusted by changing the excitation current flowing through the line (33) through the magnet coil (22).

Die auf der Leiterplatte (30) angeordneten Elektronikbauteile der Regeleinrichtung sind in der Zeichnung bei z.B. 34, 35 und 36 angedeutet. Die von der Steckverbindung (25) zur Leiterplatte (30) führenden Anschlußleitungen sind mit (37) bezeichnet. Die Magnetspule (22), das Polstück (23, 43) und die Leiterplatte (30) sind in Achsrichtung durch einen Sicherungsring (38) fixiert. Die Leiterplatte (30) ist eine kreisrunde Scheibe. Durch deren Zentrum erstreckt sich die Stellstange (20) und eine Hülse (27), die dichtend in das Polstück-Innenteil (43) hineinragt. Die Hülse (27) ist mit einer Zwischenscheibe (27a) verbunden, die zwischen Ventilgehäuse (10) und Magnetgehäuse (21) ruht. Hierdurch sind der Ringspalt (44) und der Elektronikraum (39) gegen den Ventil-Innenraum abgedichtet. Zusätzlich kann der Elektronikraum (39) mit einer Kunststoffmasse ausgegossen werden.The electronic components of the control device arranged on the printed circuit board (30) are shown in the drawing at e.g. 34, 35 and 36 indicated. The connecting lines leading from the plug connection (25) to the printed circuit board (30) are identified by (37). The magnetic coil (22), the pole piece (23, 43) and the printed circuit board (30) are fixed in the axial direction by a locking ring (38). The circuit board (30) is a circular disk. The adjusting rod (20) and a sleeve (27), which projects sealingly into the inner pole piece (43), extends through the center thereof. The sleeve (27) is connected to an intermediate disk (27a) which rests between the valve housing (10) and the magnet housing (21). As a result, the annular gap (44) and the electronics chamber (39) are sealed off from the valve interior. In addition, the electronics room (39) can be filled with a plastic compound.

Der Tauchanker (26) hat auf seiner dem Polstück (23, 43) zugewandten Stirnseite einen Absatz (46) mit der Tiefe (t).The plunger anchor (26) has a shoulder (46) with the depth (t) on its end face facing the pole piece (23, 43).

Claims (5)

1. Elektromagnet (9) mit einem Tauchanker (26), einer feststehenden, im wesentlichen ringförmigen Magnetspule (22) und mit den folgenden Merkmalen: a) ein feststehendes Polstück (23) erstreckt sich von der einen Stirnseite der Magnetspule (22) in deren Innenraum hinein; b) der in Achsrichtung bewegliche Tauchanker (26) erstreckt sich von der anderen Stirnseite der Magnetspule (22) in deren Innenraum hinein; c) eine zum Einstellen der Ankeranzugskraft dienende Regeleinrichtung umfaßt ein Geberelement (31), das den magnetischen Fluß (und somit die magnetische Induktion) mißt;
gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden weiteren Merkmale: d) durch das gesamte Polstück (23, 43) erstreckt sich ein zum Elektromagneten (9) im wesentlichen koaxial angeordneter Ringspalt (44), so daß das Polstück in zwei voneinander magnetisch isolierte Polstückteile unterteilt ist; e) das Geberelement (31) ist in dem Ringspalt (44) zwischen den beiden Polstückteilen (23,43) angeordnet. 1. Electromagnet (9) with a plunger armature (26), a fixed, essentially ring-shaped magnetic coil (22) and with the following features: a) a fixed pole piece (23) extends from one end of the magnet coil (22) into the interior thereof; b) the plunger armature (26), which is movable in the axial direction, extends from the other end face of the magnet coil (22) into the interior thereof; c) a control device for adjusting the armature tightening force comprises a transmitter element (31) which measures the magnetic flux (and thus the magnetic induction);
characterized by the following additional features: d) through the entire pole piece (23, 43) extends an annular gap (44) arranged essentially coaxially with the electromagnet (9), so that the pole piece is divided into two pole piece parts which are magnetically insulated from one another; e) the transmitter element (31) is arranged in the annular gap (44) between the two pole piece parts (23, 43). 2. Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringspalt (44) an seinem dem Tauchanker (26) zugewandten Ende durch ein magnetisch nicht leitfähiges Material (45) verschlossen ist.2. Electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular gap (44) at its end facing the plunger armature (26) is closed by a magnetically non-conductive material (45). 3. Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringspalt (44) zylindermantelförmig ist.3. Electromagnet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the annular gap (44) is cylindrical. 4. Elektromagnet nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tauchanker (26) auf seiner dem feststehenden Polstück (23/43) zugewandten Stirnseite eine ringförmige Ausnehmung (in Form eines Absatzes 46) aufweist, wobei die Tiefe (t) der Ausnehmung so bemessen ist, daß der magnetische Widerstand im feststehenden Polstück (23/43) zu beiden Seiten des Ringspaltes (44) wenigstens angenähert gleich ist, sofern der Arbeitsluftspalt (d.h. der Abstand zwischen dem Tauchanker und dem Polstück) den kleinstmöglichen Wert annimmt.4. Electromagnet according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plunger armature (26) on its end facing the fixed pole piece (23/43) has an annular recess (in the form of a shoulder 46), the depth (t) The recess is dimensioned so that the magnetic resistance in the fixed pole piece (23/43) is at least approximately the same on both sides of the annular gap (44), provided that the working air gap (ie the distance between the plunger and the pole piece) assumes the smallest possible value. 5. Elektromagnet nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die genannte Regeleinrichtung zwischen der äußeren Stirnseite des Polstücks (23, 43) und der zu steuernden Einrichtung (10 bis 16) in einem Elektronikraum (39) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringspalt (44) zumindest im Bereich des Geberelements (31), zum Elektronikraum (39) hin offen ist.5. Electromagnet according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said control device between the outer end face of the pole piece (23, 43) and the device to be controlled (10 to 16) is arranged in an electronics room (39), characterized in that the annular gap (44) is open at least in the area of the transmitter element (31) to the electronics room (39).
EP19900102279 1989-02-18 1990-02-06 Electromagnet with a plunger Expired - Lifetime EP0384206B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90102279T ATE89098T1 (en) 1989-02-18 1990-02-06 ELECTROMAGNET WITH A PLUNGER ANCHOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893905023 DE3905023A1 (en) 1989-02-18 1989-02-18 ELECTROMAGNET WITH A SUBMERSIBLE
DE3905023 1989-02-18

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EP0384206A1 true EP0384206A1 (en) 1990-08-29
EP0384206B1 EP0384206B1 (en) 1993-05-05

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EP19900102279 Expired - Lifetime EP0384206B1 (en) 1989-02-18 1990-02-06 Electromagnet with a plunger

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US (1) US5006901A (en)
EP (1) EP0384206B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02277202A (en)
AT (1) ATE89098T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3905023A1 (en)

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EP0872857A2 (en) * 1997-04-19 1998-10-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnet for operating a valve actuator

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US5960776A (en) * 1996-11-21 1999-10-05 Siemens Canada Limited Exhaust gas recirculation valve having a centered solenoid assembly and floating valve mechanism
US5906268A (en) * 1997-02-24 1999-05-25 Siemens Electrocom L.P. Sensor roller
DE19804225C1 (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-05-06 Telefunken Microelectron Electromagnetic actuator for gas changeover valve of internal combustion engine
US6119960A (en) * 1998-05-07 2000-09-19 Caterpillar Inc. Solenoid actuated valve and fuel injector using same
DE19826579B4 (en) * 1998-06-15 2013-02-21 Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh magnetic valve
FR2791487B1 (en) * 1999-03-26 2004-09-03 Moving Magnet Tech METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE POSITION OF A MOBILE MEMBER IN AT LEAST ONE MAIN INTERFER OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR
DE19937969A1 (en) * 1999-08-11 2001-02-15 Hydraulik Ring Gmbh Hydraulic valve, in particular an adjustable pressure control valve
CN1234135C (en) * 2001-01-18 2005-12-28 株式会社日立制作所 Electromagnetic and operating mechanism of switch using said electromagnet
US6443422B1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-09-03 Eaton Corporation Apparatus and method for adjusting an actuator on a real-time basis
US20040246649A1 (en) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-09 Mks Instruments, Inc. Flow control valve with magnetic field sensor
US6720853B1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2004-04-13 Wabash Magnetics, Llc Electrically operated solenoid having an adjustable actuator pin length
ATE373788T1 (en) * 2003-10-28 2007-10-15 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen VALVE BODY WITH AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT
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DE102015104010B4 (en) * 2014-03-20 2022-05-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) ELECTROMAGNETIC FUEL INJECTOR WITH INTEGRATED FLOW SENSOR
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DE102015116464A1 (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Voith Patent Gmbh Electromagnetic actuator for performing a linear movement
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0580124B2 (en) 1993-11-08
ATE89098T1 (en) 1993-05-15
DE3905023A1 (en) 1990-08-30
DE3905023C2 (en) 1991-02-14
EP0384206B1 (en) 1993-05-05
JPH02277202A (en) 1990-11-13
US5006901A (en) 1991-04-09
DE59001330D1 (en) 1993-06-09

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