EP0382155A1 - Wasserlösliche Salzüberzüge zum Drahtziehen - Google Patents

Wasserlösliche Salzüberzüge zum Drahtziehen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0382155A1
EP0382155A1 EP90102275A EP90102275A EP0382155A1 EP 0382155 A1 EP0382155 A1 EP 0382155A1 EP 90102275 A EP90102275 A EP 90102275A EP 90102275 A EP90102275 A EP 90102275A EP 0382155 A1 EP0382155 A1 EP 0382155A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
composition
sodium
component
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90102275A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0382155B1 (de
Inventor
Thomas W. Tull
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel Corp
Original Assignee
Henkel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Corp filed Critical Henkel Corp
Priority to AT90102275T priority Critical patent/ATE92951T1/de
Publication of EP0382155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0382155A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0382155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0382155B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/06—Metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C10M2201/0423—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/0603—Metal compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C10M2201/0613—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C10M2201/0623—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/0653—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C10M2201/0663—Molybdenum sulfide used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/0803—Inorganic acids or salts thereof used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C10M2201/0853—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/086—Chromium oxides, acids or salts
    • C10M2201/0863—Chromium oxides, acids or salts used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C10M2201/0873—Boron oxides, acids or salts used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/1006—Compounds containing silicon used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/1023—Silicates used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C10M2201/1033—Clays; Mica; Zeolites used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C10M2201/1053—Silica used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/12—Glass
    • C10M2201/123—Glass used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/20—Rosin acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Definitions

  • This invention relates to modified water soluble salt precoats for use in the cold drawing of steel wire.
  • Water soluble salt coatings are often applied to steel wire in the form of aqueous solutions prior to drawing.
  • the solution-coated wire is dried and the resulting salt coated wire is then drawn through conventional reducing dies using dry soap lubricants - a process well-known to this art.
  • the water soluble salt coating acts as a lubricant carrier, pulling the dry soap box lubricant into the dies, thus providing lubrication.
  • These dried-­in-place, water soluble salt coatings have proven to be superior to other conventional coatings such as lime or borax coatings because of their improved ability to carry lubricant into the dies.
  • a typical soluble salt composition used for the coating of steel (usually stainless steel) wire contains both sodium sulfate and borax.
  • Such soluble salt compositions provide coatings with excellent crystalline structure, resulting in good soap lubricant pick-up when the coated wire is passed through a soap box, and therefore good drawability.
  • Such salt coatings are prone to excessive moisture absorption upon exposure to ambient air, particularly when exposed to air having high humidity. Such moisture absorption seriously interferes with, or even prevents, the drawing of the coated wire.
  • soluble salt coatings which provide low moisture absorption provide little or no crystalline structure (i.e. amorphous or glaze type coatings) and are significantly inferior in both lubricant pick-up and drawa­bility. This Hobson's choice problem has not previously been solved.
  • compositions for coating steel wire have now been discovered which provide uniform coatings with good crystalline structure, soap pick-up, and drawability, while at the same time low moisture absorption even during humid days, i.e. low hygroscopicity.
  • compositions of the invention which are in the form of dry mixtures prior to dilution with water for use, contain the following components:
  • the K2SO4 used as component A can be chemically pure or of a technical grade; the latter being preferred due to cost con­siderations.
  • the K2B4O7 used as component B can also be chemically pure or a technical grade, and is generally available and used herein as the tetrahydrate (K2B4O7 ⁇ 4H2O).
  • the KBO2 which can be used alone as component B, or in a mixture with K2B4O7 in any proportions, can be chemically pure or a technical grade.
  • the ammonium or potassium soap is one or more ammonium and/or potassium salts of a C12-C22 fatty acid or mixture of two or more such C12-C22 fatty acids.
  • the fatty acids are generally saturated and unbranched, with ammonium or potassium stearate being pre­ferred for use herein, although mono- or di-olefinically unsa­turated C12-C22 fatty acids can also be employed, either alone or in mixtures with each other and/or with saturated fatty acids.
  • ammonium and potassium soaps derived from the fatty acid mixtures obtained by the saponification of tallow oil or coconut oil, or a mixture thereof, can advantageously be employed as com­ponent C.
  • ammonium or potassium salts of branched or cycloaliphatic-containing C12-C22 fatty acids can also be employed herein, either alone or in mixtures with unbranched fatty acid salts.
  • ammonium or potassium rosin acids e.g. abietic acid, can also be employed as component C.
  • the wires coated with the coating compositions of the inven­tion are generally steel wires, and usually stainless steel wires.
  • other wire substrates can also be coated with the present coating compositions such as mild steel, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, aluminum, copper, nickel, zirconium, etc., and alloys thereof.
  • the coatings are applied by contacting the wires with an aqueous solution of the composition of the invention, and allowing the resulting wet coating to dry in place, either with or without the application of heat.
  • the aqueous solutions generally contain from 75 to 400 g/l of the composition in water, preferably from 150 to 250 g/l.
  • the wire is contacted with the solution by any convenient technique, either batch or a continuous strand, and allowing the resulting wet-coated wire to air dry before coiling for storage, shipping, or use.
  • the coated wire is then passed through conven­tional cold reduction equipment using a soap box (e.g. containing a conventional dry soap lubricant).
  • the coating on the wire functions as a carrier to carry the dry soap lubricant into the die.
  • the steps employed in the treatment of wire according to the invention include the following:
  • the water used in preparing the aqueous solutions of the invention is preferably distilled or deionized water, but tap water can also be used provided it is not overly hard and has a low dissolved sodium salts content.
  • aqueous compositions were tested for their morphology and hygroscopicity, when coated on stainless steel panels.
  • Stainless steel panels were coated with each of the following compositions by immersing the panels in the aqueous com­position, removing the panels from the aqueous composition, and allowing them to flash (air) dry.
  • composition of the inven­tion, composition d) produced a coating with good crystallinity, and low hygroscopicity.
  • This example shows the effect of relative ratios of sodium and potassium ions on the hygroscopicity of the water soluble salt coatings.
  • stainless steel panels were coated in accordance with Example 1 using the following compositions, at a concentration of 187.2 g/l in deionized water, set forth in Table II below together with test results.
  • Coating Bath Composition Stearate
  • M Hygroscopicity Na,M K,M SO4,M B4O7,M 90-95% RH/24 hrs.
  • This example shows the relative hygroscopicity of lime coatings compared to the coating from a known sodium based salt composition and a low sodium salt composition of the invention.
  • the coatings were produced on samples of the stainless steel wire used in Example 1 according to the procedure of Example 1 from the following aqueous compositions:
  • composition k) in accordance with the invention has significantly reduced hygrosco­picity compared to lime coatings l) and m).
  • the stainless steel panels were coated with the coating com­positions and coating baths set forth in Table IV, according to the process given in Example 1, except that the wet-coated panels were dried using a 10 minute bake at 250°F. Moisture pick-up was determined in a chamber which allowed constant temperature and humidity of 80°F and 92% respectively. A Surtronic 3 surface prophylometer was used to determine the number of crystals per inch of coating. Coating characterization and coating appearance were determined by visual observation. TABLE IV Coating Bath Ingredients Coating Bath Composition (g/l) g/l Stearate Moisture Pick-Up 120 Min.
  • compositions F, G, and J are com­positions in accordance with the invention, while compositions A, B, C, D, E, H and I are comparison compositions.
  • compositions F, G, and J produced uniform coatings while exhibiting low moisture pick up.
  • the only comparison com­position that produced a uniform coating was composition B, which however exhibited an unacceptably high moisture pick up.
  • compositions A, B and C all exhibited unacceptably high moisture pick up, and hence poor wire drawability properties in humid con­ditions.
  • Coating composition E contains potassium sulfate and sodium stearate soap in accordance with the compositions of the invention, except that the sodium stearate soap is present in too high a quantity, resulting in a non-uniform, mostly glaze coating, having unacceptable wire drawing properties.
  • Coating compositions D, H, and I which are potassium salt compositions in accordance with the invention except that no soap is present therein, all produced unacceptable non-uniform coatings and hence unaccep­tability inconsistent wire drawing characteristics.
  • composition J containing an alkali metal tetraborate produced the most crystalline coating. Hence, the presence of a tetraborate in the coating compositions of the invention, while optional, is nonetheless highly preferred.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP90102275A 1989-02-07 1990-02-06 Wasserlösliche Salzüberzüge zum Drahtziehen Expired - Lifetime EP0382155B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90102275T ATE92951T1 (de) 1989-02-07 1990-02-06 Wasserloesliche salzueberzuege zum drahtziehen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30764389A 1989-02-07 1989-02-07
US307643 1989-02-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0382155A1 true EP0382155A1 (de) 1990-08-16
EP0382155B1 EP0382155B1 (de) 1993-08-11

Family

ID=23190606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102275A Expired - Lifetime EP0382155B1 (de) 1989-02-07 1990-02-06 Wasserlösliche Salzüberzüge zum Drahtziehen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0382155B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02229893A (de)
CN (1) CN1044774A (de)
AT (1) ATE92951T1 (de)
AU (1) AU621980B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9000543A (de)
CA (1) CA2009377A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69002649T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0382155T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2059847T3 (de)
ZA (1) ZA90917B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0711821A1 (de) * 1994-11-11 1996-05-15 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Schmiermittelträgersalz für die Metallumformung
CN104593125A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2015-05-06 南京工程学院 一种抗结块拉丝润滑粉
IT202200006158A1 (it) 2022-03-29 2023-09-29 Condoroil Chemical S R L Processo per produrre un rivestimento per operazioni di deformazione a freddo esente da boro

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102152069B (zh) * 2011-01-30 2013-06-05 烟台鑫杰特钢有限公司 一种气阀钢型材生产方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2957825A (en) * 1956-10-15 1960-10-25 Devex Corp Powdered soap lubricant containing inorganic sulfur salts
GB2003923A (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-03-21 Foseco Int Metal working lubricants

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH670106A5 (de) * 1984-07-23 1989-05-12 Lonza Ag

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2957825A (en) * 1956-10-15 1960-10-25 Devex Corp Powdered soap lubricant containing inorganic sulfur salts
GB2003923A (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-03-21 Foseco Int Metal working lubricants

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0711821A1 (de) * 1994-11-11 1996-05-15 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Schmiermittelträgersalz für die Metallumformung
US5584945A (en) * 1994-11-11 1996-12-17 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Lubricant carrier salt for metal forming
CN104593125A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2015-05-06 南京工程学院 一种抗结块拉丝润滑粉
CN104593125B (zh) * 2015-01-29 2017-07-11 南京工程学院 一种抗结块拉丝润滑粉
IT202200006158A1 (it) 2022-03-29 2023-09-29 Condoroil Chemical S R L Processo per produrre un rivestimento per operazioni di deformazione a freddo esente da boro

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1044774A (zh) 1990-08-22
ATE92951T1 (de) 1993-08-15
ES2059847T3 (es) 1994-11-16
CA2009377A1 (en) 1990-08-07
AU621980B2 (en) 1992-03-26
EP0382155B1 (de) 1993-08-11
BR9000543A (pt) 1991-01-15
ZA90917B (en) 1990-11-28
DK0382155T3 (da) 1993-09-20
JPH02229893A (ja) 1990-09-12
DE69002649D1 (de) 1993-09-16
AU4920990A (en) 1990-08-16
DE69002649T2 (de) 1993-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4517029A (en) Process for the cold forming of iron and steel
US2588234A (en) Method of drawing metal
US4370173A (en) Composition and method for acid cleaning of aluminum surfaces
US4152176A (en) Method of preparing titanium-containing phosphate conditioner for metal surfaces
DE2736874A1 (de) Verfahren zur erleichterung der kaltumformung von metallen
JPH04254589A (ja) リン酸塩処理の活性化剤およびその使用方法
EP0324395B1 (de) Verfahren zur Phosphatierung von Metalloberflächen
EP0382155A1 (de) Wasserlösliche Salzüberzüge zum Drahtziehen
US4808245A (en) Method for drawing iron and steel wire rod
US5149451A (en) Water soluble salt precoats for wire drawing
US3240633A (en) Method of forming phosphate coating on zinc
US5012662A (en) Water soluble salt precoats for wire drawing
US2743205A (en) Composition and process for treating metal surfaces
EP0056675B1 (de) Vorbehandlungszusammensetzung für die Phosphatierung von Eisenmetallen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
GB2169620A (en) Phosphate coatings
US4728373A (en) Solution and process for cold forming titanium
US4846897A (en) Process and composition for treatment of titanium and titanium alloys
US3307979A (en) Phosphating solutions
US4812175A (en) Passivation process and copmposition for zinc-aluminum alloys
US5234509A (en) Cold deformation process employing improved lubrication coating
JPH07173643A (ja) 金属表面の燐酸塩処理方法及び処理液
US4416705A (en) Composition and process for production of phosphate coatings on metal surfaces
US6068710A (en) Aqueous composition and process for preparing metal substrate for cold forming
DE2540685C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphatüberzügen
CA1084391A (en) Preparation of aluminum for cold working

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901215

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920316

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 92951

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19930815

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69002649

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930916

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI S.P.A.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3008943

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19940117

Year of fee payment: 5

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2059847

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90102275.6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19950228

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19950228

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 19951229

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19960101

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19960102

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19960201

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19960209

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19960229

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19960312

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19970116

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970206

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19970206

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19970206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970207

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19970228

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: HENKEL CORP. (A DELAWARE CORP.)

Effective date: 19970228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19970831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19970901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: MM2A

Free format text: 3008943

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19970901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980207

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90102275.6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19990119

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19990121

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990122

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19990503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000206

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20000206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050206