EP0379818B1 - Device for producing foam - Google Patents

Device for producing foam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379818B1
EP0379818B1 EP89403574A EP89403574A EP0379818B1 EP 0379818 B1 EP0379818 B1 EP 0379818B1 EP 89403574 A EP89403574 A EP 89403574A EP 89403574 A EP89403574 A EP 89403574A EP 0379818 B1 EP0379818 B1 EP 0379818B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
liquid
duct
container
porous
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89403574A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0379818A1 (en
Inventor
Francis Poizot
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0379818A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379818A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/005—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam wherein ambient air is aspirated by a liquid flow
    • B05B7/0056—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam wherein ambient air is aspirated by a liquid flow with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns
    • B05B7/0062—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam wherein ambient air is aspirated by a liquid flow with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns including sieves, porous members or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K5/00—Holders or dispensers for soap, toothpaste, or the like
    • A47K5/14—Foam or lather making devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/22—Spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/04—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles
    • B05B11/042—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles the spray being effected by a gas or vapour flow in the nozzle, spray head, outlet or dip tube
    • B05B11/043—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles the spray being effected by a gas or vapour flow in the nozzle, spray head, outlet or dip tube designed for spraying a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1098—Air being permanently entrapped or sucked into the liquid pump chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/0025—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply
    • B05B7/0031—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns
    • B05B7/0037—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns including sieves, porous members or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device to be incorporated in a liquid dispensing apparatus, in order to dispense this liquid in the foam state.
  • foaming devices are known and they generally comprise a member for dividing the liquid flow and an air intake.
  • these devices especially when they are intended for devices actuated by hand without auxiliary engine gas, such as soap dispensers, shampoo, various household or cosmetic products, have drawbacks.
  • the liquid ejection means generate a pulsed flow, for example in the case of an alternative positive displacement pump or compression / decompression of a deformable wall of the container.
  • Known foaming devices are sensitive to these variations in flow rate and this causes variations in the quality of the foam, depending on the stroke and the rate of operation of said ejection means.
  • the foam is often nonexistent during the first pulsations, due to defusing when stopped.
  • Other devices foaming elements include movable elements, such as balls or valves of various shapes, but this increases the price and the risk of malfunction.
  • the present invention avoids, in a new way, the various above drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a foam-forming device, mainly for a dispensing device, the liquid ejection means of which can be actuated by hand, which ensures immediate production of foam of constant and excellent quality, while being of very simple and economic construction.
  • the invention also relates to a foaming device which is easily incorporated directly on the liquid conduit of a liquid distributor of any known type.
  • Another subject of the invention is a foaming device which does not require a movable element, and which even makes it possible to remove the movable valve of the dispensing device, if the latter has any, without the result of defusing. no leaks or drips outside.
  • the foaming device is of the type where, in a container for the liquid to be foamed, a liquid conduit serves to bring it into a porous material to which, at the same time, the air , and the foam formed is discharged at the head of the container, downstream of the porous material; it is characterized as is apparent from claim 1 appended.
  • document FR-A-2 323 438 discloses an elongated spiral chamber through which the liquid passes, and the porous walls of which allow air to pass. This provision, the principle of which is contrary to that of the invention does not allow the device to operate in all positions, in particular in the inverted position.
  • the ratio of the sections of the liquid conduit and of said chamber can be chosen between very low limits. wide.
  • the cross section of the chamber can be, for example, equal to 1 to 200 times that of the liquid supply duct; it is most often 5 to 30 times that of the duct.
  • the diameter D of the chamber can represent 1 to 30 times the diameter of the duct which it extends; very often the D / d ratio is around 2 to 6, especially for small devices.
  • the container of the device according to the invention may comprise several liquid conduits and / or several foaming chambers divided into compartments.
  • a single branched conduit can supply liquid to several chambers, arranged for example radially around the vertical axis of the container; or a large diameter chamber can receive the liquid to be frothed from several liquid supply conduits.
  • Such multiple arrangements are related to blockage incidents, thus ensuring more regular work.
  • the cross-sections of the foaming chamber or chambers, and of the liquid duct (s), have no particular limits in absolute values; indeed, if chambers of a section of the order from 10 to 1000 mm2 suitable for small foam devices, including pocket devices, chambers of large industrial devices, for the production of large quantities of foam, can have a section of 1 m2 or more. For example, chambers of approximately 176 to 625 cm2 in cross-section, or 15 to 50 cm in diameter, are suitable for producing foam for extinguishing fires.
  • the communication of the foaming chamber with the atmosphere or with a reserve of air, or - if necessary - of another gas can be established by any means known in the art. This can be achieved in particular by one or more orifices made in the wall of the chamber, when the latter is in the gas phase of the container which contains it. Communication with the air can also be established by means of one or more pipes connecting the interior of the chamber with the source of air or of the other gas.
  • one embodiment of the invention consists in using a bottle of liquefied CO2 as a source of gas.
  • the porous or multi-perforated partitions dividing the interior space of the foaming chamber into several compartments, can be placed horizontally or obliquely with respect to the vertical axis of the chamber; they have, for example a thickness of 0.05 to 5mm, preferably from 0.1 to 2mm.
  • the device of the invention Among the many materials with pores or channels, well known in the industry and used as filters or distributors of gas or liquid, we choose - for the device of the invention - those which are most suitable for the preparation of a foam. given. There is a wide choice between metallic, textile, plastic, cellulosic, glass or porcelain fabrics and screens. If the metal sieves are preferred, thanks to their mechanical strength, for high flow rates of foam, possibly under higher or lower pressures, porous partitions made of plastics, textiles, in particular cellulosics, are generally suitable for small or medium devices , especially for household and toilet use.
  • the passages or pores of the partitions are small enough for the effect of capillarity or surface tension of the liquid to prevent defusing of the duct and external drainage when stopped.
  • these pores or channels, in the partitions used play a role in obtaining a foam of desired quality.
  • the size of these passages, or openings of the mesh of the sieves varies widely, for example from about 10 micrometers to beyond 250 ⁇ m, and the partitions most often have passages or openings of about 50 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the dimensions of the pores or passages are chosen the larger the higher the viscosity of the liquid used. Excellent results are obtained in small toilet appliances with pores of about 80 to 120 ⁇ m.
  • the refinement of a foam, its "drying” or, on the contrary, “wetting”, are carried out by the use of partitions of fineness of different pores or channels.
  • partitions of fineness of different pores or channels are carried out by the use of partitions of fineness of different pores or channels.
  • first partition with relatively wide openings, for example of the order of 120 ⁇ m, a second at approximately 90 ⁇ m and a third not exceeding 70 ⁇ m.
  • the surfactants used, and the quality of the foam desired it may be advantageous to have the finest pores in the first partition and larger and larger in the following.
  • the device according to the invention comprises several transverse partitions, dividing the chamber into more than 2 compartments, the communication with the air or gas source must be established so as to have a pressure balance in all the compartments. For this, one, several or all of these compartments are connected to the gas phase of the device.
  • the container of the device of the invention is connected to a reservoir from which it is continuously supplied with liquid. or intermittent.
  • Figure 1 shows a container or bottle with a deformable wall 1, containing a liquid 2 such as soap, shampoo, cleaning product or other, having surface tension characteristics which allow it to foam.
  • a liquid 2 such as soap, shampoo, cleaning product or other
  • the compression of the wall drives out a certain quantity of liquid outside, via a conduit 3, and the relaxation of the wall causes a return of air to replace the expelled liquid.
  • a foaming device according to the invention is interposed on the conduit, below the cap of the container.
  • This device comprises a chamber 4, of cross section larger than that of the conduit, divided into three compartments 5, 6 and 7 by two transverse partitions 8.
  • the wall of the chamber 4 is pierced with a small hole 9 which communicates with the air space at the top of the container.
  • the partitions 8 are constituted by a sieve or by a porous membrane, in any material suitable for the liquid dispensed.
  • the orifices or pores of the partitions have a unit size such that the expelled liquid is finely divided and forms a very stable foam with the air which at the same time enters the compartment 7 through the orifice 9.
  • this dimension elementary passages is small enough so that, by surface tension effect, the foam formed is substantially retained on the partition and therefore in compartment 6, when the container is decompressed, so that the device rapidly supplies foam, during the next use, even after a prolonged stop. This is very advantageous both from the point of view of user convenience and from the economic point of view.
  • the total passage section of the partition is determined as a function of the average flow rate to be obtained. If the flow tends to increase, for example because the wall 1 is too suddenly deformed, the pressure drop of the small orifices increases very quickly and limits the maximum flow of liquid, so that the foam remains of substantially constant quality, this which is another advantage of the device.
  • the transverse partition 8 was a sheet of non-woven cellulose fibers, with passages of 95 ⁇ m, and the cross section of the chamber 4 was approximately 20 times that of the conduit 3. Thickness of the sheet 0.12 mm.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 illustrate advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention.
  • the partitions are constituted by a strip 10 folded in an accordion, which defines a plurality of successive compartments and facilitates the installation and maintenance of the partitions.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a very simple embodiment of the device, in which the chamber 4 is defined by cutting the tube 3, spacing the ends of this tube and connecting the two parts by a tube 4 whose internal diameter corresponds to the external diameter of the tube 3 and in which the partitions 8 have been embedded.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the adaptation of the device according to the invention to a container with a non-deformable wall but provided with a hand pump.
  • the pump body itself constitutes a chamber 11 provided with an air intake 9 and it suffices to insert the perforated or porous partitions 8 at the inlet of the pump body.
  • the presence of the partitions also makes it possible, if desired, to remove a ball or a pump valve, which is an additional advantage of the device in this case.
  • the transverse partitions of the devices described can be constituted by a sieve or a porous element, having an orifice or pore size of the order of 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 80 to 120 ⁇ m.
  • the cross section of the chamber 4 is preferably between 5 and 30 times that of the conduit 3.
  • the device according to the invention is placed inside or outside the device; the chamber is added (4) or pre-existing (11,11 ') in the device, the air intake 9 is also created or pre-existing. It can also include several successive chambers.
  • the device In the application of the device according to the invention to a compressible dispensing bottle, the device is placed on the upper part of the plunger, inside the bottle, at the base of the stopper, the movement of the liquid being created by pressure on the bottle. If the device is applied to an incompressible container, fitted with a pump, it is placed at the suction and / or delivery of the pump, the chamber of the device being formed by the pump body and / or the nozzle of the pump outlet; the porous partition then preferably also fulfills the function of the pump valve.

Abstract

Device for producing foam, which can be fitted onto the liquid pipe (3) of a liquid-dispensing apparatus, comprising at least one chamber (4), with a transverse section which is preferably larger than that of the liquid pipe, placed on the said pipe and divided into compartments (5, 6, 7) by means of at least one transverse partition (8), porous or with fine perforations, the chamber being in communication (9) with the atmosphere or with a source of air. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif à incorporer dans un appareil de distribution de liquide, afin de distribuer ce liquide à l'état de mousse.The invention relates to a device to be incorporated in a liquid dispensing apparatus, in order to dispense this liquid in the foam state.

On connaît de nombreuses applications dans lesquelles il est souhaitable de distribuer un produit liquide sous forme de mousse, pour diverses raisons. En particulier, la mousse reste plus durablement en contact avec la surface à traiter par le produit et l'action de ce dernier est donc plus efficace, la répartition et l'étalement du produit sont plus faciles à contrôler, le contact avec le peau est plus léger et plus agréable dans le cas de produits de toilette, etc. Bien entendu, le produit est stocké dans un récipient, sous forme liquide, et les moyens qui commandent l'éjection du liquide doivent donc être complétés par un dispositif transformant le liquide en mousse.Numerous applications are known in which it is desirable to distribute a liquid product in the form of foam, for various reasons. In particular, the foam remains more durably in contact with the surface to be treated by the product and the action of the latter is therefore more effective, the distribution and spreading of the product are easier to control, contact with the skin is lighter and more pleasant in the case of toiletries, etc. Of course, the product is stored in a container, in liquid form, and the means which control the ejection of the liquid must therefore be supplemented by a device transforming the liquid into foam.

On connaît de tels dispositifs de moussage et ils comprennent d'une manière générale un organe de division du flux liquide et une prise d'air. Toutefois, ces dispositifs, surtout lorsqu'ils sont destinés à des appareils actionnés à la main sans gaz moteur auxiliaire, tels que distributeurs de savon,shampooing, produits ménagers ou cosmétiques divers, présentent des inconvénients. En général, les moyens d'éjection du liquide engendrent un débit pulsé, par exemple dans le cas d'une pompe volumétrique alternative ou d'une compression/décompression d'une paroi déformable du récipient. Les dispositifs de moussage connus sont sensibles à ces variations de débit et cela entraîne des variations de qualité de la mousse, selon la course et la cadence de manoeuvre des dits moyens d'éjection. En outre, la mousse est souvent inexistante lors des premières pulsations, du fait d'un désamorçage à l'arrêt. D'autres dispositifs de moussage comportent des éléments mobiles, tels que billes ou clapets de forme variée, mais cela augmente le prix et les risques de mauvais fonctionnement.Such foaming devices are known and they generally comprise a member for dividing the liquid flow and an air intake. However, these devices, especially when they are intended for devices actuated by hand without auxiliary engine gas, such as soap dispensers, shampoo, various household or cosmetic products, have drawbacks. In general, the liquid ejection means generate a pulsed flow, for example in the case of an alternative positive displacement pump or compression / decompression of a deformable wall of the container. Known foaming devices are sensitive to these variations in flow rate and this causes variations in the quality of the foam, depending on the stroke and the rate of operation of said ejection means. In addition, the foam is often nonexistent during the first pulsations, due to defusing when stopped. Other devices foaming elements include movable elements, such as balls or valves of various shapes, but this increases the price and the risk of malfunction.

La présente invention évite, d'une manière nouvelle, les divers inconvénients ci-dessus.The present invention avoids, in a new way, the various above drawbacks.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif de formation de mousse, principalement pour un appareil distributeur dont les moyens d'éjection de liquide peuvent être, actionnés à la main, qui assure une production immédiate de mousse de qualité constante et excellente, tout en étant de construction très simple et économique.The subject of the invention is therefore a foam-forming device, mainly for a dispensing device, the liquid ejection means of which can be actuated by hand, which ensures immediate production of foam of constant and excellent quality, while being of very simple and economic construction.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de moussage qui s'incorpore facilement, directement, sur le conduit de liquide d'un distributeur de liquide de type connu quelconque.The invention also relates to a foaming device which is easily incorporated directly on the liquid conduit of a liquid distributor of any known type.

L'invention a encore pour objet un dispositif de moussage qui ne nécessite pas d'élément mobile, et qui permet même de supprimer le clapet mobile de l'appareil distributeur, si celui-ci en possède, sans qu'il en résulte de désamorçage ni de fuite ou d'égouttage à l'extérieur.Another subject of the invention is a foaming device which does not require a movable element, and which even makes it possible to remove the movable valve of the dispensing device, if the latter has any, without the result of defusing. no leaks or drips outside.

Le dispositif de moussage, suivant l'invention, est du type où, dans un récipient pour le liquide à faire mousser, un conduit de liquide sert à amener celui-ci dans une matière poreuse à laquelle arrive, en même temps, l'air, et la mousse formée est évacuée en tête du récipient, en aval de la matière poreuse ; il est caractérisé comme cela ressort de la revendication 1 annexée.The foaming device according to the invention is of the type where, in a container for the liquid to be foamed, a liquid conduit serves to bring it into a porous material to which, at the same time, the air , and the foam formed is discharged at the head of the container, downstream of the porous material; it is characterized as is apparent from claim 1 appended.

On notera que le document FR-A-2 323 438 fait connaître une chambre allongée spiralée traversée par le liquide, et dont les parois poreuses laissent passer l'air. Cette disposition, dont le principe est contraire de celui de l'invention ne permet pas le fonctionnement du dispositif dans toutes les positions, en particulier en position inversée.Note that document FR-A-2 323 438 discloses an elongated spiral chamber through which the liquid passes, and the porous walls of which allow air to pass. This provision, the principle of which is contrary to that of the invention does not allow the device to operate in all positions, in particular in the inverted position.

Selon la nature du liquide à faire mousser, notamment suivant sa viscosité, et en rapport avec les pression et débit voulus pour l'éjection de la mousse, le rapport des sections du conduit de liquide et de ladite chambre peut être choisi entre des limites très larges. Pour la pratique courante, la section transversale de la chambre peut être, par exemple, égale à 1 à 200 fois celle du conduit d'amenée de liquide ; elle est le plus souvent 5 à 30 fois celle du conduit. Dans les cas de sections circulaires, le diamètre D de la chambre peut représenter 1 à 30 fois le diamètre du conduit qu'elle prolonge ; très souvent le rapport D/d est d'environ 2 à 6, surtout pour les petits appareils.Depending on the nature of the liquid to be frothed, in particular according to its viscosity, and in relation to the pressure and flow rate desired for the ejection of the froth, the ratio of the sections of the liquid conduit and of said chamber can be chosen between very low limits. wide. For current practice, the cross section of the chamber can be, for example, equal to 1 to 200 times that of the liquid supply duct; it is most often 5 to 30 times that of the duct. In the case of circular sections, the diameter D of the chamber can represent 1 to 30 times the diameter of the duct which it extends; very often the D / d ratio is around 2 to 6, especially for small devices.

Bien entendu, le récipient du dispositif suivant l'invention peut comporter plusieurs conduits de liquide et/ou plusieurs chambres de moussage divisées en compartiments. Ainsi, un seul conduit ramifié peut alimenter en liquide plusieures chambres, disposées par exemple radialement autour de l'axe vertical du récipient ; ou bien une chambre de grand diamètre peut recevoir le liquide à faire mousser à partir de plusieurs conduits d'amenée de liquide. De telles dispositions multiples parent aux incidents de bouchages, assurant ainsi un travail plus régulier.Of course, the container of the device according to the invention may comprise several liquid conduits and / or several foaming chambers divided into compartments. Thus, a single branched conduit can supply liquid to several chambers, arranged for example radially around the vertical axis of the container; or a large diameter chamber can receive the liquid to be frothed from several liquid supply conduits. Such multiple arrangements are related to blockage incidents, thus ensuring more regular work.

Les sections transversales de la chambre ou des chambres de moussage, et du ou des conduits de liquide, n'ont pas de limites particulières en valeurs absolues ; en effet, si des chambres d'une section de l'ordre de 10 à 1000 mm² conviennent à des petits dispositifs à mousse, dont des appareils de poche, les chambres de gros appareils industriels, pour la production de fortes quantités de mousse, peuvent avoir une section de 1 m² ou plus. A titre d'exemple, des chambres d'environ 176 à 625 cm² de section, soit de 15 à 50 cm de diamètre, conviennent à la production de mousse pour l'extinction des incendies.The cross-sections of the foaming chamber or chambers, and of the liquid duct (s), have no particular limits in absolute values; indeed, if chambers of a section of the order from 10 to 1000 mm² suitable for small foam devices, including pocket devices, chambers of large industrial devices, for the production of large quantities of foam, can have a section of 1 m² or more. For example, chambers of approximately 176 to 625 cm² in cross-section, or 15 to 50 cm in diameter, are suitable for producing foam for extinguishing fires.

La communication de la chambre de moussage avec l'atmosphère ou avec une réserve d'air, ou - s'il y a lieu - d'un autre gaz, peut-être établie par tous moyens connus dans l'art. Cela peut être réalisé notamment par un ou plusieurs orifices pratiqués dans la paroi de la chambre, lorsque celle-ci se trouve dans la phase gazeuse du récipient qui la contient. La communication avec l'air peut également être établie au moyen d'une ou de plusieurs canalisations reliant l'intérieur de la chambre avec la source d'air ou de l'autre gaz. Dans le cas des extincteurs, une forme d'exécution de l'invention consiste à utiliser une bouteille de CO₂ liquéfié comme source de gaz.The communication of the foaming chamber with the atmosphere or with a reserve of air, or - if necessary - of another gas, can be established by any means known in the art. This can be achieved in particular by one or more orifices made in the wall of the chamber, when the latter is in the gas phase of the container which contains it. Communication with the air can also be established by means of one or more pipes connecting the interior of the chamber with the source of air or of the other gas. In the case of fire extinguishers, one embodiment of the invention consists in using a bottle of liquefied CO₂ as a source of gas.

Les cloisons poreuses ou multiperforées, séparant l'espace intérieur de la chambre de moussage en plusieurs compartiments, peuvent être placées horizontalement ou obliquement par rapport à l'axe vertical de la chambre ; elles ont, par exemple une épaisseur de 0,05 à 5mm, de préférence de 0,1 à 2mm.The porous or multi-perforated partitions, dividing the interior space of the foaming chamber into several compartments, can be placed horizontally or obliquely with respect to the vertical axis of the chamber; they have, for example a thickness of 0.05 to 5mm, preferably from 0.1 to 2mm.

Parmi les nombreuses matières à pores ou canaux, bien connues dans l'industrie et utilisées comme filtres ou répartiteurs de gaz ou de liquide, on choisit - pour le dispositif de l'invention - celles qui conviennent le mieux à la préparation d'une mousse donnée. Le choix est vaste entre les toiles et tamis métalliques, textiles, plastiques, cellulosiques, en verre ou en porcelaine. Si les tamis métalliques sont préférés, grâce à leur résistance mécanique, pour les forts débits de mousse, éventuellement sous des pressions plus ou moins élevées, des cloisons poreuses en matières plastiques, textiles, notamment cellulosiques, conviennent en général à des dispositifs petits ou moyens, en particulier pour usage domestique et de toilette.Among the many materials with pores or channels, well known in the industry and used as filters or distributors of gas or liquid, we choose - for the device of the invention - those which are most suitable for the preparation of a foam. given. There is a wide choice between metallic, textile, plastic, cellulosic, glass or porcelain fabrics and screens. If the metal sieves are preferred, thanks to their mechanical strength, for high flow rates of foam, possibly under higher or lower pressures, porous partitions made of plastics, textiles, in particular cellulosics, are generally suitable for small or medium devices , especially for household and toilet use.

Les passages ou pores des cloisons sont assez petits pour que l'effet de capillarité ou de tension de surface du liquide empêche le désamorçage du conduit et l'égouttage extérieur à l'arrêt.The passages or pores of the partitions are small enough for the effect of capillarity or surface tension of the liquid to prevent defusing of the duct and external drainage when stopped.

Les dimensions de ces pores ou canaux, dans les cloisons employées, jouent un rôle dans l'obtention d'une mousse de qualité voulue. En général le calibre de ces passages, ou ouvertures des mailles des tamis, varie largement, par exemple depuis environ 10 micromètres jusqu'au delà de 250 µm, et les cloisons présentent le plus souvent des passages ou ouvertures d'environ 50 à 150 µm. On choisit les dimensions des pores ou passages d'autant plus grands que la viscosité du liquide utilisé est forte. D'excellents résultats sont obtenus dans des petits appareils de toilette avec des pores d'environ 80 à 120µm.The dimensions of these pores or channels, in the partitions used, play a role in obtaining a foam of desired quality. In general, the size of these passages, or openings of the mesh of the sieves, varies widely, for example from about 10 micrometers to beyond 250 μm, and the partitions most often have passages or openings of about 50 to 150 μm. . The dimensions of the pores or passages are chosen the larger the higher the viscosity of the liquid used. Excellent results are obtained in small toilet appliances with pores of about 80 to 120 µm.

A l'avantage de stabilité, de régularité et de facilité de travail, suivant l'invention s'ajoute la possibilité d'obtention, à volonté, de mousses à alvéoles plus ou moins fines, plus ou moins "sèches" ou "humides". Ces qualités peuvent être réglées par la nombre des cloisons transversales, placées en série dans la chambre de moussage, à travers lesquelles passent le liquide et la mousse, avant de gagner la sortie du dispositif. La mousse, obtenue après passage à travers une première cloison poreuse ou grille filtrante, peut encore être améliorée par passage à travers une ou plusieurs cloisons successives. Le nombre total de ces dernières peut varier, et il dépend d'ailleurs de la finesse des pores ou canaux. Pour la pratique courante 1 à 5 cloisons suffisent généralement selon la nature des liquides traités et la qualité des mousses désirée ; 2 ou 3 cloisons conviennent le plus souvent aux usages domestiques.In addition to the advantage of stability, regularity and ease of working, according to the invention, there is the possibility of obtaining, at will, more or less fine cell foam, more or less "dry" or "wet". . These qualities can be regulated by the number of transverse partitions, placed in series in the foaming chamber, through which the liquid and the foam pass, before gaining output from the device. The foam, obtained after passing through a first porous partition or filtering grid, can be further improved. by passage through one or more successive partitions. The total number of these can vary, and it also depends on the fineness of the pores or channels. For current practice 1 to 5 partitions are generally sufficient depending on the nature of the liquids treated and the quality of foam desired; 2 or 3 partitions are most often suitable for domestic use.

Suivant une caractéristique particulière d' l'invention, l'affinement d'une mousse, son "séchage" ou, au contraire, "mouillage", sont réalisés par l'emploi de cloisons de finesses de pores ou canaux différents. Ainsi peut-on prendre une première cloison à ouvertures relativement larges, par exemple de l'ordre de 120 µm, une seconde à environ 90 µm et une troisième ne dépassant pas 70 µm. Selon la nature des liquides à mousser, les tensioactifs utilisés, et la qualité de la mousse voulue, on peut avoir intérêt à avoir les pores les plus fins dans la première cloison et de plus en plus gros dans les suivantes.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the refinement of a foam, its "drying" or, on the contrary, "wetting", are carried out by the use of partitions of fineness of different pores or channels. Thus, it is possible to take a first partition with relatively wide openings, for example of the order of 120 μm, a second at approximately 90 μm and a third not exceeding 70 μm. Depending on the nature of the liquids to be foamed, the surfactants used, and the quality of the foam desired, it may be advantageous to have the finest pores in the first partition and larger and larger in the following.

Lorsque le dispositif suivant l'invention comprend plusieurs cloisons transversales, divisant la chambre en plus de 2 compartiments, la communication avec la source d'air ou de gaz doit être établie de façon à avoir un équilibre de pression dans tous les compartiments. Pour cela, un, plusieurs ou tous ces compartiments sont reliés à la phase gazeuse du dispositif.When the device according to the invention comprises several transverse partitions, dividing the chamber into more than 2 compartments, the communication with the air or gas source must be established so as to have a pressure balance in all the compartments. For this, one, several or all of these compartments are connected to the gas phase of the device.

Lorsque la préparation d'une mousse doit s'étendre sur un temps assez long et porter sur des quantités plus ou moins grandes, le récipient du dispositif de l'invention est relié à un réservoir à partir duquel il est alimenté en liquide de façon continue ou intermittente.When the preparation of a foam must extend over a fairly long time and relate to more or less large quantities, the container of the device of the invention is connected to a reservoir from which it is continuously supplied with liquid. or intermittent.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description détaillée ci-après, non limitative, de quelques unes de ses formes de réalisation, représentées sur les dessins annexés.

  • Fig. 1 est un schéma du dispositif de moussage conforme à l'invention, adapté à un flacon à paroi déformable ;
  • Fig. 2 illustre une cloison formée par pliage d'un ruban en accordéon ;
  • Fig. 3 est une vue à plus grande échelle du dispositif de la figure 1, dans son mode de réalisation le plus simple ;
  • Fig. 4 est un schéma du dispositif de moussage conforme à l'invention, adapté à un récipient pourvu d'une pompe à main.
The invention will be better understood in the light of the detailed description below, without limitation, of some of its embodiments, shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of the foaming device according to the invention, adapted to a bottle with a deformable wall;
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a partition formed by folding an accordion ribbon;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the device of FIG. 1, in its simplest embodiment;
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram of the foaming device according to the invention, adapted to a container provided with a hand pump.

Figure 1 représente un récipient ou flacon à paroi déformable 1, contenant un liquide 2 tel qu'on savon, un shampooing, un produit de nettoyage ou autre, possédant des caractéristiques de tension de surface qui lui permettent de mousser. La compression de la paroi chasse une certaine quantité de liquide à l'extérieur, par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 3, et le relâchement de la paroi provoque un retour d'air en remplacement du liquide expulsé. Un dispositif de moussage suivant l'invention est intercalé sur le conduit, au-dessous du bouchon du récipient. Ce dispositif comprend une chambre 4, de section transversale plus grande que celle du conduit, divisée en trois compartiments 5, 6 et 7 par deux cloisons transversales 8. La paroi de la chambre 4 est percée d'un petit trou 9 qui communique avec l'espace d'air se trouvant dans la partie supérieure du récipient.Figure 1 shows a container or bottle with a deformable wall 1, containing a liquid 2 such as soap, shampoo, cleaning product or other, having surface tension characteristics which allow it to foam. The compression of the wall drives out a certain quantity of liquid outside, via a conduit 3, and the relaxation of the wall causes a return of air to replace the expelled liquid. A foaming device according to the invention is interposed on the conduit, below the cap of the container. This device comprises a chamber 4, of cross section larger than that of the conduit, divided into three compartments 5, 6 and 7 by two transverse partitions 8. The wall of the chamber 4 is pierced with a small hole 9 which communicates with the air space at the top of the container.

Les cloisons 8 sont constituées par un tamis ou par une membrane poreuse, en toute matière appropriée au liquide distribué. Les orifices ou pores des cloisons ont une dimension unitaire telle que le liquide expulsé est finement divisé et forme une mousse très stable avec l'air qui pénètre en même temps dans le compartiment 7 par l'orifice 9. D'autre part, cette dimension des passages élémentaires est assez petite pour que, par effet de tension de surface, la mousse formée soit sensiblement retenue sur la cloison et donc dans le compartiment 6,lors de la décompression du récipient, de sorte que le dispositif fournit rapidement de la mousse, lors de l'utilisation suivante, même après un arrêt prolongé. C'est très avantageux à la fois du point de vue de l'agrément d'utilisation et du point de vue économique.The partitions 8 are constituted by a sieve or by a porous membrane, in any material suitable for the liquid dispensed. The orifices or pores of the partitions have a unit size such that the expelled liquid is finely divided and forms a very stable foam with the air which at the same time enters the compartment 7 through the orifice 9. On the other hand, this dimension elementary passages is small enough so that, by surface tension effect, the foam formed is substantially retained on the partition and therefore in compartment 6, when the container is decompressed, so that the device rapidly supplies foam, during the next use, even after a prolonged stop. This is very advantageous both from the point of view of user convenience and from the economic point of view.

La section totale de passage de la cloison est déterminée en fonction du débit moyen à obtenir. Si le débit tend à augmenter, par exemple parce qu'on déforme trop brutalement la paroi 1, la perte de charge des petits orifices augmente très vite et limite le débit maximal de liquide, de sorte que la mousse reste de qualité sensiblement constante, ce qui est un autre avantage du dispositif.The total passage section of the partition is determined as a function of the average flow rate to be obtained. If the flow tends to increase, for example because the wall 1 is too suddenly deformed, the pressure drop of the small orifices increases very quickly and limits the maximum flow of liquid, so that the foam remains of substantially constant quality, this which is another advantage of the device.

Dans un example de réalisation pratique, utilisé avec un distributeur de savon liquide, la cloison transversale 8 était une feuille de fibres de cellulose non tissées, avec des passages de 95 µm, et la section transversale de la chambre 4 représentait environ 20 fois celle du conduit 3. Epaisseur de la feuille 0,12mm.In a practical embodiment example, used with a liquid soap dispenser, the transverse partition 8 was a sheet of non-woven cellulose fibers, with passages of 95 μm, and the cross section of the chamber 4 was approximately 20 times that of the conduit 3. Thickness of the sheet 0.12 mm.

Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent des modes avantageux de réalisation du dispositif suivant l'invention. Sur la figure 2, les cloisons sont constituées par une bande 10 pliée en accordéon, ce qui définit une pluralité de compartiments successifs et facilite la mise en place et le maintien des cloisons. La figure 3 illustre un mode très simple de réalisation du dispositif, dans lequel la chambre 4 est définie par coupure du tube 3, écartement des extrémités de ce tube et raccordement des deux parties par un tube 4 dont le diamètre intérieur correspond au diamètre extérieur du tube 3 et dans lequel ont été encastrées les cloisons 8.Figures 2 and 3 illustrate advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention. In FIG. 2, the partitions are constituted by a strip 10 folded in an accordion, which defines a plurality of successive compartments and facilitates the installation and maintenance of the partitions. FIG. 3 illustrates a very simple embodiment of the device, in which the chamber 4 is defined by cutting the tube 3, spacing the ends of this tube and connecting the two parts by a tube 4 whose internal diameter corresponds to the external diameter of the tube 3 and in which the partitions 8 have been embedded.

La figure 4 illustre l'adaptation du dispositif suivant l'invention a un récipient à paroi non déformable mais pourvu d'une pompe à main. Dans ce cas, le corps de la pompe constitue lui-même une chambre 11 pourvue d'une prise d'air 9 et il suffit d'intercaler les cloisons perforées ou poreuses 8 à l'entrée du corps de pompe. La présence des cloisons permet en outre, si on le désire, de supprimer une bille ou un clapet de pompe, ce qui est un avantage supplémentaire du dispositif dans ce cas.FIG. 4 illustrates the adaptation of the device according to the invention to a container with a non-deformable wall but provided with a hand pump. In this case, the pump body itself constitutes a chamber 11 provided with an air intake 9 and it suffices to insert the perforated or porous partitions 8 at the inlet of the pump body. The presence of the partitions also makes it possible, if desired, to remove a ball or a pump valve, which is an additional advantage of the device in this case.

On peut disposer plus d'une chambre sur le conduit. En particulier, dans le cas de l'appareil à pompe de la figure 4, on peut aussi placer une cloison 8' avant l'ajutage de sortie qui constitue alors une autre chambre 11'.We can have more than one room on the duct. In particular, in the case of the pump apparatus of FIG. 4, it is also possible to place a partition 8 ′ before the outlet nozzle which then constitutes another chamber 11 ′.

A titre d'exemples non limitatifs, les cloisons transversales des dispositifs décrits peuvent être constituées par un tamis ou un élément poreux, ayant une dimension d'orifice ou de pore de l'ordre de 100 µm, notamment de 80 à 120 µm.By way of nonlimiting examples, the transverse partitions of the devices described can be constituted by a sieve or a porous element, having an orifice or pore size of the order of 100 μm, in particular from 80 to 120 μm.

La section transversale de la chambre 4 est, de préférence, comprise entre 5 et 30 fois celle du conduit 3.The cross section of the chamber 4 is preferably between 5 and 30 times that of the conduit 3.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention est placé à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de l'appareil ; la chambre est ajoutée (4) ou pré-existante (11,11') dans l'appareil, la prise d'air 9 étant également créée ou préexistante. Il peut d'ailleurs comprendre plusieurs chambres successives.The device according to the invention is placed inside or outside the device; the chamber is added (4) or pre-existing (11,11 ') in the device, the air intake 9 is also created or pre-existing. It can also include several successive chambers.

Dans l'application du dispositif suivant l'invention à un flacon distributeur compressible, le dispositif est placé sur la partie haute du plongeur, à l'intérieur du flacon, à la base du bouchon, le mouvement du liquide étant créé par pression sur le flacon. Si l'on applique le dispositif à un récipient incompressible, pourvu d'une pompe, il est placé à l'aspiration et/ou au refoulement de la pompe, la chambre du dispositif étant formée par le corps de pompe et/ou l'ajutage de la sortie de la pompe ; la cloison poreuse remplit alors également, de préférence, la fonction du clapet de la pompe.In the application of the device according to the invention to a compressible dispensing bottle, the device is placed on the upper part of the plunger, inside the bottle, at the base of the stopper, the movement of the liquid being created by pressure on the bottle. If the device is applied to an incompressible container, fitted with a pump, it is placed at the suction and / or delivery of the pump, the chamber of the device being formed by the pump body and / or the nozzle of the pump outlet; the porous partition then preferably also fulfills the function of the pump valve.

Il est entendu que des modifications de détail peuvent être apportées dans la forme et la construction du dispositif suivant l'invention, sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.It is understood that modifications of detail can be made in the form and construction of the device according to the invention, without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims (11)

  1. Device for the formation of foams, which comprises a container (1) for the liquid (2) to be foamed, a liquid duct (3) for feeding the latter into a porous material (8) in which air arrives at the same time, the foam formed being discharged from the top of the container, characterized in that the liquid duct (3) is extended, in the direction of the outlet of the container (1), by at least one chamber (4) divided into one or several closed compartments (6) by two or more walls (8) which are transverse with respect to said duct and are made from a material which is porous or has fine perforations, this chamber (4) being in communication (9) with the atmospheric air or with an air or other gas reserve through a way independent and remote from said duct (3), with the proviso that the chamber (4) is not an helicoïdal elongated chamber.
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pores or fine perforations of the transverse dividing walls (8) have a unitary dimension sufficiently small for substantially preventing the gravity return of the liquid and emptying of the chamber and of the duct between two successive uses.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transverse dividing walls are formed by a sieve or a porous element having an orifice or pore dimension of about 10 to 250 µm, in particular from 50 to 150 µm and a thickness of 0.05 to 5 mm.
  4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several dividing walls formed by folding a perforated or porous ribbon (10) in the form of a concertina inside the chamber (4).
  5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the chamber (4) is between 1 and 200 times that of the duct (3), in particular between 5 and 30 times.
  6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is placed inside or outside the appliance, the chamber being added (4) or already existing (11, 11') in the appliance, one or more air intakes (9) also being created or pre-existing.
  7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several foaming chambers (4).
  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising several dividing walls (8) defining, in the chamber (4), several compartments (5, 6,7), characterized in that the dimensions of the pores or passages vary from one dividing wall to the next.
  9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for feeding the container (1) continuously or intermittently with the liquid to be foamed.
  10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a compressible dispenser flask, characterized in that the chamber (4) is placed in the top part of the liquid duct (3), inside the flask, at the base of the stopper, the movement of the liquid being created by pressure on the flask.
  11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising an incompressible container with a pump, characterized in that the chamber (11) is placed on the suction side, on the delivery side of the pump or is formed by the body of the pump itself and/or by the output nozzle (11').
EP89403574A 1989-01-03 1989-12-20 Device for producing foam Expired - Lifetime EP0379818B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89403574T ATE93416T1 (en) 1989-01-03 1989-12-20 DEVICE FOR GENERATING FOAM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900016A FR2641202B1 (en) 1989-01-03 1989-01-03 FOAM PRODUCTION DEVICE
FR8900016 1989-01-03

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EP0379818A1 EP0379818A1 (en) 1990-08-01
EP0379818B1 true EP0379818B1 (en) 1993-08-25

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EP (1) EP0379818B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02237671A (en)
KR (1) KR900011425A (en)
AT (1) ATE93416T1 (en)
AU (1) AU623537B2 (en)
DE (1) DE68908688T2 (en)
DK (1) DK690A (en)
FR (1) FR2641202B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ231977A (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68908688D1 (en) 1993-09-30
NZ231977A (en) 1992-02-25
EP0379818A1 (en) 1990-08-01
ATE93416T1 (en) 1993-09-15
JPH02237671A (en) 1990-09-20
AU5785590A (en) 1992-01-02
KR900011425A (en) 1990-08-01
FR2641202B1 (en) 1991-03-15
PT92774A (en) 1990-07-31
DE68908688T2 (en) 1994-03-24
AU623537B2 (en) 1992-05-14
US5071379A (en) 1991-12-10
DK690A (en) 1990-07-04
DK690D0 (en) 1990-01-03
FR2641202A1 (en) 1990-07-06

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