EP0379633A2 - Abrasive means - Google Patents

Abrasive means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379633A2
EP0379633A2 EP89111276A EP89111276A EP0379633A2 EP 0379633 A2 EP0379633 A2 EP 0379633A2 EP 89111276 A EP89111276 A EP 89111276A EP 89111276 A EP89111276 A EP 89111276A EP 0379633 A2 EP0379633 A2 EP 0379633A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive
fillers
denotes
sum
grinding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89111276A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0379633A3 (en
Inventor
Volker Dr. Selgrad
Friedrich Dr. Sladky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG
Original Assignee
Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG filed Critical Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG
Priority to US07/457,953 priority Critical patent/US5116392A/en
Priority to JP1338836A priority patent/JPH02289672A/en
Priority to CA002006775A priority patent/CA2006775A1/en
Publication of EP0379633A2 publication Critical patent/EP0379633A2/en
Publication of EP0379633A3 publication Critical patent/EP0379633A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B24D3/346—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties utilised during polishing, or grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to abrasives with a flexible base, abrasive grains and at least partially abrasive fillers being held on the base by a binder, for example phenolic resin.
  • a binder for example phenolic resin.
  • the flexible underlays of such an abrasive are mostly made of tissue, paper or a nonwoven. Corundum is mostly used as the abrasive grain, and it is known to use both individual grains and abrasive grain agglomerates.
  • the grinding performance of the abrasives material removal per unit of time
  • the surface quality of the workpiece achieved with this change with the degree of wear of the abrasive.
  • the surface quality is more important than the removal rate.
  • the dulling of the abrasive grains increases and the roughness depth decreases.
  • the service life of the abrasives represents a significant cost or quality factor.
  • the coated abrasives tend to "coat" due to the chips removed from the workpiece. This leads to a reduction in the removal rate, deterioration of the workpiece surface and possibly failure of the grinding tool.
  • coated abrasives generally grind cooler than bonded abrasives (grinding wheels) Damage to the workpiece surface (e.g. crack, discoloration) can occur with sensitive materials with high stock removal rates with a large contact area.
  • halides e.g. bleach chloride, fluorspar, kyrolite, etc.
  • chalcogenides e.g. pyrite antimony sulfides, zinc sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, selenides, tellurides, etc.
  • low-melting metals e.g. lead, tin, low-melting mixed metals
  • high-pressure lubricants e.g. Graphite, boron nitride
  • an optimal abrasive filler must have favorable transition temperatures, favorable film-forming properties and chemically reactive cleavage products, that it and its secondary products should have the lowest possible toxicity and thus high MAK values, that it should be inexpensive and that its incorporation into it must be possible to bind the abrasive. Furthermore, the strength and grinding properties must be maintained even under unfavorable storage conditions (high temperature and air humidity).
  • the applicant's AT-PS 366944 discloses the use of hygroscopic fillers which have very good abrasive properties.
  • the disadvantage of these fillers is that in practice they have to be encased, which on the one hand is labor-intensive and thus expensive and on the other hand reduces the volume of the active grinding fillers which can be introduced into the grinding compound.
  • a special object of the invention is to introduce fillers into an abrasive of the type mentioned at the outset which have the same effect as toxic fillers, e.g. Show lead compound, as well as the grinding active cooling properties of hygroscopic fillers e.g. ZnCl2, without being hygroscopic.
  • chlorides are provided which are not hygroscopic. You can therefore do without expensive protective measures, such as coating with organic substances.
  • this also has the advantage that there is more grinding-active filler in the grinding compound per unit mass. Due to the limited ability to bind and the amount of phenolic resin, it is not possible to incorporate unlimited amounts of fillers into the abrasive compound. The sheathing therefore reduces the volume of the grinding-active fillers in the already relatively low grinding mass of the flexible abrasive.
  • the filler according to the invention is described in its use with conventional phenolic resin-bonded corundum as an abrasive grain.
  • the abrasive mass rests on a flexible base, for example a tissue.
  • three metal salts were melted together, ground and sieved in order to create the filler according to the invention, namely the salts were melted and the molten liquid was poured onto a metal plate, where it cooled very quickly, and after hardening the mixture was ground with a cross beater mill to form the new filler.
  • the particles were then sieved to a fineness of 240 mesh US standard (63 my). Grinding belts with a fabric backing were produced in a manner known per se, these being equipped on the one hand with the new grinding-active fillers and on the other hand using standard fillers (kaolin, fluorspar, lithopone, chalk).
  • a first sample was made using potassium tetrafluoroborate (KBF4) as the only abrasive filler in a conventional manner.
  • KF4 potassium tetrafluoroborate
  • This grinding wheel was the directional grinding wheel in relation to which the results of the other grinding wheels were measured.
  • a base binder layer of an aqueous phenol resol was applied to a linen base material. Then synthetic corundum was applied with the P46 grain size, namely about 640 g / m2.
  • the coating amount of the top layer was 115 g / m2 in all three samples.
  • the grinding belts produced were subjected to comparative grinding on a test machine.
  • the test machine worked at a grinding speed of 12 m / sec. The amount sanded was measured after a grinding time of 60 minutes. The result of Sample I was with
  • Table 1 shows the 20% and 27% better effectiveness of fillers II and III compared to standard fillers.
  • Table 1 sample filler Power % 1 KBF4 1oo% 2nd 4 KCl ⁇ MnS.ZnS 120% 3rd ZN2P2O7 ⁇ KCl 127%
  • the filler could also be arranged in a third binder layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

An abrasive having abrasive particles, such as corundum, a binder, which is a curable organic or inorganic system, for example a plastic, such as phenol resin, and fillers having abrasive activities. The abrasive material consisting of abrasive particles, binder and the fillers is present on a flexible support which is formed by a nonwoven. Novel economical fillers having low toxicity are introduced into the abrasive, i.e. metal complex salts having the following composition: uM1 . vM2 . wHal . xChal . zPh in which M1 denotes a pure metal or a mixture of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and/or Al, M2 denotes a pure metal or a mixture of Zn, Mn and Fe, except for Fe as a chloride, Hal denotes pure halogen or a mixture of F, Cl, Br and I, Chal denotes chalcogenides, O and/or S, Ph denotes phosphate or phosphates having a higher degree of condensation, PrOs (r = 1 - 10, preferably 1 - 2, s = 4 - 20, preferably 4 - 7), u, v, w, x or z denotes 0 - 95% and the sum of u and v is 1 - 95%, preferably 20 - 80%, and the sum of w, x and z is 1 - 95%, preferably 20 - 80%, and the sum of u, v, w, x and z is 100%. These fillers are sintered or fused with one another.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schleifmittel mit einer flexiblen Unterlage, wobei Schleifkörner und zumindestens zum Teil schleifaktive Füllstoffe von einem Bindemittel beispielsweise Phenolharz auf der Unterlage gehalten werden.The invention relates to abrasives with a flexible base, abrasive grains and at least partially abrasive fillers being held on the base by a binder, for example phenolic resin.

Die flexiblen Unterlagen eines derartigen Schleifmittels werden meistens von Gewebe, Papier oder einem Vlies, gebil­det. Als Schleifkorn kommt meistens Korund zum Einsatz, wobei es bekannt ist, sowohl Einzelkörner als auch Schleif­kornagglomerate zu verwenden.The flexible underlays of such an abrasive are mostly made of tissue, paper or a nonwoven. Corundum is mostly used as the abrasive grain, and it is known to use both individual grains and abrasive grain agglomerates.

Die Schleifleistung der Schleifmittel (Werkstoffabtrag pro Zeiteinheit) und die damit erzielte Oberflächengüte des Werkstücks ändert sich mit dem Abnützungsgrad des Schleif­mittels. Bei zahlreichen Anwendungen der Schleifmittel mit flexibler Unterlage steht die Oberflächengüte vor der Abtragsleistung im Vordergrund. Beim Schleifen nimmt die Abstumpfung der Schleifkörner zu und die Rauhtiefe verrin­gert sich. Außerdem stellt die Standzeit der Schleifmittel einen wesentlichen Kosten- bzw. Qualitätsfaktor dar.The grinding performance of the abrasives (material removal per unit of time) and the surface quality of the workpiece achieved with this change with the degree of wear of the abrasive. In numerous applications of abrasives with a flexible backing, the surface quality is more important than the removal rate. When grinding, the dulling of the abrasive grains increases and the roughness depth decreases. In addition, the service life of the abrasives represents a significant cost or quality factor.

Es sind verschiedene Vorschläge bekannt geworden, die Ab­tragsleistungen und die Standzeiten des Schleifmittels, so wie die Oberflächengüte des Werkstückes zu verbessern. Insbesondere wurde angestrebt, eine über eine lange Zeit im wesentlichen gleichbleibende Oberflächenrauhtiefe zu erhalten.Various proposals have become known for improving the removal rates and the service life of the abrasive, as well as the surface quality of the workpiece. In particular, the aim was to obtain a surface roughness that was essentially constant over a long period of time.

Bei zahlreichen Anwendungsfällen neigen die Schleifmittel auf Unterlage zum "Belegen" durch die vom Werkstück ab­getragene Späne. Dies führt zur Verringerung der Abtrags­leistung, Verschlechterung der Werkstückoberfläche und unter Umständen zum Versagen des Schleifwerkzeuges.In numerous applications, the coated abrasives tend to "coat" due to the chips removed from the workpiece. This leads to a reduction in the removal rate, deterioration of the workpiece surface and possibly failure of the grinding tool.

Obwohl Schleifmittel auf Unterlage im allgemeinen kühler schleifen als gebundene Schleifmittel (Schleifscheiben) können bei empfindlichen Werkstoffen bei hoher Abtrags­leistung mit großer Kontaktfläche Schädigungen der Werk­stückoberfläche (z. B. Riss, Verfärbungen) auftreten.Although coated abrasives generally grind cooler than bonded abrasives (grinding wheels) Damage to the workpiece surface (e.g. crack, discoloration) can occur with sensitive materials with high stock removal rates with a large contact area.

Darüber hinaus ist es von Bedeutung den aktiven Schneidein­satz der Schleifkörner des Schleifmittels zu verbessern, da sich diese relativ schnell abnützen (im allgemeinen besitzen die Schleifmittel auf Unterlage nur eine Kornschicht), während die Schleifunterlage über einen wesentlich längeren Einsatzzeitraum voll intakt bleibt. Bei frühzeitig abge­nützten Schleifmitteln muß daher ein wirtschaftlich bedeut­samer Anteil unverbraucht weggeworfen werden.In addition, it is important to improve the active cutting insert of the abrasive grains, as these wear out relatively quickly (in general, the abrasives on the backing have only one grain layer), while the abrasive backing remains fully intact over a much longer period of use. In the case of abrasives that are worn out prematurely, an economically significant portion must therefore be thrown away unused.

In der Vergangenheit hat man versucht, die Optimierung der Schleifeigenschaften eines Schleifmittels durch ent­sprechende Auswahl von Schleifkorn, eine besondere Anord­nung des Schleifkorns und/oder durch das Einmischen von Füllstoffen in die Bindemittelmatrix zu erreichen. Zur Verbesserung der Schleifeigenschaft dienen insbesondere die sogenannten schleifaktiven Füllstoffe. Diese bewirken beim Schleifprozeß chemische und physikalische Vorgänge, welche das Schleif- bzw. Verschleißverhalten positiv beein­flussen. Insbesondere sollen diese Füllstoffe eine Erhöhung von Standzeit und Zerspanleistung sowie eine Verringerung der Schleiftemperaturen und des Belegens bewirken.In the past, attempts have been made to optimize the grinding properties of an abrasive by appropriately selecting the abrasive grain, a special arrangement of the abrasive grain and / or by mixing fillers into the binder matrix. The so-called grinding active fillers are used in particular to improve the grinding properties. These cause chemical and physical processes in the grinding process, which have a positive influence on the grinding and wear behavior. In particular, these fillers are intended to increase tool life and cutting performance, as well as reduce grinding temperatures and coating.

Bei Schleifscheiben haben sich beispielsweise Halogenide (z.B. Bleichchlorid, Flußspat, Kyrolith,usw.), Chalkogenide (z.B. Pyrit Antimonsulfide, Zinksulfid, Molybdänsulfid, Selenide, Telluride, usw.) niedrigschmelzende Metalle (z.B. Blei, Zinn, niedrigschmelzende Mischmetalle) und Hochdruck­schmiermittel (z.B. Graphit, Bornitrid) als besonders schleifaktiv erwiesen.In grinding wheels, for example, halides (e.g. bleach chloride, fluorspar, kyrolite, etc.), chalcogenides (e.g. pyrite antimony sulfides, zinc sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, selenides, tellurides, etc.) have low-melting metals (e.g. lead, tin, low-melting mixed metals) and high-pressure lubricants (e.g. Graphite, boron nitride) have been shown to be particularly abrasive.

Als beste Füllstoffe in der Praxis bezüglich Scheibenstand­zeit und niedriger Schleiftemperatur ("kühler" Schliff) haben sich Bleichlorid und Antimontrisulfid erwiesen.The best fillers in practice with regard to wheel life and low grinding temperature ("cool" grinding) have been found to be bleaching chloride and antimony trisulfide.

Es zeigt sich, daß ein Füllstoff umso schleifaktiver ist, je niedriger seine Umwandlungstemperaturen (Schmelz-, Siede-, Sublimations-, Zersetzungspunkt) liegen, und je bessere Schmierfilme er bei Schleiftemperaturen bildet. Selbstverständlich sind diese Temperaturen nach unten durch die Verarbeitungsbedingungen beim Herstellen der Schleifkörper bzw. Schleifmittel begrenzt. Zudem sollen bei der Zersetzung beim Schleifprozeß chemisch hochaktive Elemente bzw. Verbindungen frei werden, z.B. elementares Chlor, Chlorwasserstoff, Schwefel, Schwefeldioxyd usw.It can be seen that the lower its transition temperature (melting, boiling, sublimation, decomposition point), and the better lubricating films it forms at grinding temperatures, the more grinding filler it has. Of course, these temperatures are limited downwards by the processing conditions when manufacturing the abrasive bodies or abrasives. In addition, chemically highly active elements or compounds should be released during the decomposition during the grinding process, e.g. elemental chlorine, hydrogen chloride, sulfur, sulfur dioxide etc.

In der Praxis sind allerdings zahlreiche Substanzen nicht oder nur unter besonderen Voraussetzungen einsetzbar, weil sie teuer (Edelmetall-Halogenide, Molybdänsulfid) bzw. toxisch (Arsen-, Selen-, Bleiverbindungen) sind, die Scheibenfestigkeit herabsetzen (z.B. Graphit, Schwefel) bzw. hygroskopisch oder zumindest leicht wasserlöslich (zahlreiche Chloride) sind bzw. mit dem ungehärteten Phenolharzsystem stark reagieren (hygroskopische Chloride).In practice, however, numerous substances cannot be used or can only be used under special conditions because they are expensive (precious metal halides, molybdenum sulfide) or toxic (arsenic, selenium, lead compounds), which reduce the strength of the glass (e.g. graphite, sulfur) or are hygroscopic or at least slightly water-soluble (numerous chlorides) or react strongly with the uncured phenolic resin system (hygroscopic chlorides).

Zusammenfassend kann also gesagt werden, daß ein optimaler schleifaktiver Füllstoff günstige Umwandlungstemperaturen, günstige Filmbildungseigenschaften und chemisch reaktive Abspaltungsprodukte aufweisen muß, daß er und seine Folge­produkte möglichst geringe Toxizität und damit hohe MAK-Werte aufweisen sollen, daß er kostengünstig sein soll und daß seine Einarbeitung in die Bindung des Schleif­mittels möglich sein muß. Ferner müssen die Festigkeits­und Schleifeigenschaften auch bei ungünstigen Lagerungs­bedingungen (hohe Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit) erhalten bleiben.In summary, it can be said that an optimal abrasive filler must have favorable transition temperatures, favorable film-forming properties and chemically reactive cleavage products, that it and its secondary products should have the lowest possible toxicity and thus high MAK values, that it should be inexpensive and that its incorporation into it must be possible to bind the abrasive. Furthermore, the strength and grinding properties must be maintained even under unfavorable storage conditions (high temperature and air humidity).

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, neue schleifaktive Füll­stoffe für ein Schleifmittel mit einer flexiblen Unterlage zu einem niederen Preis zum Einsatz zu bringen, die sich durch niedrige Toxizität, niedrige Hygroskopie und hohe MAK-Werte auszeichnen.It is an object of the invention to use new grinding-active fillers for an abrasive with a flexible base at a low price, which are characterized by low toxicity, low hygroscopy and high MAK values.

Aus der AT-PS 366944 der Anmelderin ist die Verwendung hygroskopischer Füllstoffe bekannt, die sehr gute schleif­aktive Eigenschaften aufweisen. Der Nachteil dieser Füll­stoffe ist der, daß sie in der Praxis ummantelt werden müssen, was einerseits arbeitsaufwendig und somit teuer ist und durch die Ummantelung andererseits das Volumen der in die Schleifmasse einbringbaren schleifaktiven Füll­stoffe reduziert.The applicant's AT-PS 366944 discloses the use of hygroscopic fillers which have very good abrasive properties. The disadvantage of these fillers is that in practice they have to be encased, which on the one hand is labor-intensive and thus expensive and on the other hand reduces the volume of the active grinding fillers which can be introduced into the grinding compound.

Spezielle Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, in ein Schleifmit­tel der eingangs erwähnten Art Füllstoffe einzubringen, die dieselbe Wirkung wie toxische Füllstoffe, z.B. Blei­verbindung aufweisen, ebenso die schleifaktiven kühlenden Eigenschaften hygroskopischer Füllstoffe z.B ZnCl₂, ohne dabei hygroskopisch zu sein.A special object of the invention is to introduce fillers into an abrasive of the type mentioned at the outset which have the same effect as toxic fillers, e.g. Show lead compound, as well as the grinding active cooling properties of hygroscopic fillers e.g. ZnCl₂, without being hygroscopic.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß mindestens ein Teil der schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau sind:
uM₁ . vM₂ . wHal . xChal . zPh
M₁ = reines Metall oder Gemisch aus Alkali erdalkali und/­oder Al
M₂ = reines Metall oder Gemisch aus Zn, Mn, Fe außer Fe als Chlorid
Hal = reines Halogen oder Gemisch von F, Cl, Br, J
Chal = Chalkogenid O (Sauerstoff) und/oder S (Schwefel)
Ph = Phosphat bzw. höher kondensierte Phosphate
PrOs (r - 1 = 10, vorzüglich 1 - 2, s = 4 - 20, vorzüglich 4 - 7)
u,v,w,x oder Z = 0 - 95 % und die Summme aus U und v 1 - 95 % vorzugsweise 20 - 80 % und die Summe aus w,x, und z 1 - 95 % vorzugsweise 20 - 80 %
bedeuten, daß die Summe aus u,v,w,x,z 100 % ist und daß diese Füllstoffe miteinander verschmolzen oder gesintert sind.This is achieved according to the invention in that at least some of the grinding-active fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
uM₁. vM₂. wHal. xChal. zPh
M₁ = pure metal or mixture of alkali earth alkali and / or Al
M₂ = pure metal or mixture of Zn, Mn, Fe except Fe as chloride
Hal = pure halogen or mixture of F, Cl, Br, J
Chal = chalcogenide O (oxygen) and / or S (sulfur)
Ph = phosphate or higher condensed phosphates
P r O s (r - 1 = 10, excellent 1 - 2, s = 4 - 20, excellent 4 - 7)
u, v, w, x or Z = 0-95% and the sum of U and v 1-95% preferably 20-80% and the sum of w, x and z 1-95% preferably 20-80%
mean that the sum of u, v, w, x, z is 100% and that these fillers are fused together or sintered.

Die angegebenen Prozentwerte sind, wie auch in der folgen­den Beschreibung, falls nicht ausdrücklich anders angegeben, Gewichtsprozente.The percentages given, as in the description below, are percentages by weight, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Erfindungsgemäß werden Chloride zur Verfügung gestellt, die nicht hygroskopisch sind. Man kann daher auf teure Schutz­maßnahmen, wie die Ummantelung mit organischen Substanzen verzichten. Dies bringt, wie bereits erwähnt, auch den Vorteil mit sich, daß pro Masseeinheit mehr schleifaktiver Füllstoff in der Schleifmasse ist. Durch die begrenzte Bindefähigkeit und Menge Phenolharz ist es nicht möglich, unbegrenzte Mengen von Füllstoffen in die Schleifmasse einzubinden. Durch die Ummantelung wird daher das Volumen der schleifaktiven Füllstoffe in der ohnehin relativ ge­ringen Schleifmasse des flexiblen Schleifmittels herabgesetzt.According to the invention, chlorides are provided which are not hygroscopic. You can therefore do without expensive protective measures, such as coating with organic substances. As already mentioned, this also has the advantage that there is more grinding-active filler in the grinding compound per unit mass. Due to the limited ability to bind and the amount of phenolic resin, it is not possible to incorporate unlimited amounts of fillers into the abrasive compound. The sheathing therefore reduces the volume of the grinding-active fillers in the already relatively low grinding mass of the flexible abrasive.

Anschließend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben:An embodiment of the invention is described below:

Der erfindungsgemäße Füllstoff wird in seiner Verwendung mit herkömmlichem phenolharzgebundenem Korund als Schleif­korn beschrieben. Die Schleifmasse ruht auf einer flexiblen Unterlage, beispielsweise einem Gewebe. Im erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel wurden drei Metallsalze miteinander ver­schmolzen, gemahlen und gesiebt, um den erfindungsgemäßen Füllstoff zu schaffen und zwar wurden die Salze geschmolzen und die Schmelzflüssigkeit auf eine Metalltafel gegossen, wo sie sehr schnell abkühlte, und nach der Erhärtung wurde die Mischung mit einer Schlagkreuzmühle gemahlen, um den neuen Füllstoff zu bilden. Anschließend wurden die Partikel auf eine Feinheit von 240 mesh US-Standard (63 my) gesiebt. Es wurden in an sich bekannter Weise Schleifbänder mit Gewebe­unterlage hergestellt, wobei diese einerseits mit den neuen schleifaktiven Füllstoffen ausgerüstet wurden und anderer­seits Standardfüllstoffe (Kaolin, Flußspat, Lithopone, Kreide) Verwendung fanden.The filler according to the invention is described in its use with conventional phenolic resin-bonded corundum as an abrasive grain. The abrasive mass rests on a flexible base, for example a tissue. In the exemplary embodiment according to the invention, three metal salts were melted together, ground and sieved in order to create the filler according to the invention, namely the salts were melted and the molten liquid was poured onto a metal plate, where it cooled very quickly, and after hardening the mixture was ground with a cross beater mill to form the new filler. The particles were then sieved to a fineness of 240 mesh US standard (63 my). Grinding belts with a fabric backing were produced in a manner known per se, these being equipped on the one hand with the new grinding-active fillers and on the other hand using standard fillers (kaolin, fluorspar, lithopone, chalk).

Drei Proben des flexiblen Schleifkörpers wurden hergestellt.Three samples of the flexible abrasive wheel were made.

Eine erste Probe wurde hergestellt, bei der in herkömmli­cher Weise Kaliumtetrafluoroborat (KBF₄) als einziger schleifaktiver Füllstoff verwendet wurde. Dieser Schleif­körper war der Richtschleifkörper im Verhältnis zu dem die Ergebnisse der anderen Schleifkörper gemessen wurden.A first sample was made using potassium tetrafluoroborate (KBF₄) as the only abrasive filler in a conventional manner. This grinding wheel was the directional grinding wheel in relation to which the results of the other grinding wheels were measured.

Zwei weitere Proben wurden mit den oben beschriebenen er­findungsgemäßen Füllstoffen versehen, wobei der Füllstoff in die Deckbinderschichte eingebracht wurde.Two further samples were provided with the fillers according to the invention described above, the filler being introduced into the cover binder layer.

Auf einem Leinenträgermaterial wurde eine Grundbinder­schichte eines wässerigen Phenolresoles aufgetragen. Hernach wurde synthetischer Korund mit der Körnung P46 aufgetragen und zwar ca. 640 g/m².A base binder layer of an aqueous phenol resol was applied to a linen base material. Then synthetic corundum was applied with the P46 grain size, namely about 640 g / m².

Nach der Aushärtung des Grundbinders und der Fixierung des Schleifkornes wurde eine Deckbindeschichte aufgetragen, wobei diese Deckbinderschichte
in Probe I: KBF₄
in Probe II: 4 KCl MnS ZnS
und in Probe III: Zn₂ P₂ 0₇ . KCl Zinkpyrophosphat und Kaliumchlorid
enthielt.After the base binder had hardened and the abrasive grain had been fixed, a cover layer was applied, this cover layer
in sample I: KBF₄
in sample II: 4 KCl MnS ZnS
and in sample III: Zn₂ P₂ 0₇. KCl zinc pyrophosphate and potassium chloride
contained.

Die Beschichtungsmenge der Deckschicht betrug bei allen drei Proben 115 g/m².The coating amount of the top layer was 115 g / m² in all three samples.

Mit den hergestellten Schleifbändern wurden auf einer Test­maschine vergleichsgeschliffen.The grinding belts produced were subjected to comparative grinding on a test machine.

Die Testmaschine arbeitete mit einer Schleifgeschwindigkeit von 12 m/sec. Die abgeschliffene Menge wurde nach 60 min Schleifdauer gemessen. Das Ergebnis der Probe I wurde mitThe test machine worked at a grinding speed of 12 m / sec. The amount sanded was measured after a grinding time of 60 minutes. The result of Sample I was with

100% festgelegt und die Proben II und III in Relation gebracht.100% determined and the samples II and III related.

Aus Tabelle 1 ist die um 20% bzw. 27% bessere Wirksamkeit der Füllstoffe II bzw. III gegenüber dem Standardfüllstoff zu entnehmen. Tabelle 1 Probe Füllstoff Leistung % 1 KBF₄ 1oo% 2 4 KCl· MnS.ZnS 120% 3 ZN₂P₂O₇·KCl 127% Table 1 shows the 20% and 27% better effectiveness of fillers II and III compared to standard fillers. Table 1 sample filler Power % 1 KBF₄ 1oo% 2nd 4 KCl · MnS.ZnS 120% 3rd ZN₂P₂O₇ · KCl 127%

Erfindungsgemäß könnte der Füllstoff auch in einer dritten Bindemittelschichte angeordnet sein.According to the invention, the filler could also be arranged in a third binder layer.

Claims (10)

1. Schleifmittel mit einer flexiblen Unterlage, wobei Schleifkörner und zumindestens zum Teil schleifaktive Füllstoffe von einem Bindemittel beispielsweise Phenol­harz auf der Unterlage gehalten werden, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß mindestens ein Teil der schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau sind:
uM₁ . vM₂ . wHal . xChal . zPh
wobei:
M₁ = reines Metall oder Gemisch aus Alkali Erdalkali und/oder Al
M₂ = reines Metall oder Gemisch aus Zn, Mn, Fe außer Fe als Chlorid
Hal = reines Halogen oder Gemisch von F, Cl, Br, J
Chal = Chalkogenide, O und/oder S
Ph = Phosphat bzw. höher kondensierte Phosphate
PrOs (r = 1 - 10, vorzüglich 1 - 2, s = 4 - 20, vorzüglich 4 - 7)
u, v, w, x, oder z = 0 - 95% und die Summe aus u und v 1 - 95% vorzugsweise 20 - 80% und die Summe aus w, x und z 1 - 95% vorzugsweise 20 - 80%
bedeuten, daß die Summe aus u,v,w,x,z 100% ist und daß diese Füllstoffe miteinander verschmolzen oder gesin­tert sind.1. Abrasives with a flexible base, wherein abrasive grains and at least partially abrasive fillers are held on the base by a binder, for example phenolic resin, characterized in that at least some of the abrasive fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
uM₁. vM₂. wHal. xChal. zPh
in which:
M₁ = pure metal or mixture of alkali earth alkali and / or Al
M₂ = pure metal or mixture of Zn, Mn, Fe except Fe as chloride
Hal = pure halogen or mixture of F, Cl, Br, J
Chal = chalcogenides, O and / or S
Ph = phosphate or higher condensed phosphates
P r O s (r = 1 - 10, excellent 1 - 2, s = 4 - 20, excellent 4 - 7)
u, v, w, x, or z = 0 - 95% and the sum of u and v 1 - 95% preferably 20 - 80% and the sum of w, x and z 1 - 95% preferably 20 - 80%
mean that the sum of u, v, w, x, z is 100% and that these fillers are fused together or sintered. 2. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß M₁, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca oder Al ist.2. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that M₁, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca or Al is. 3. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß M₂ Zn, Mn oder Fe ist.3. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that M₂ is Zn, Mn or Fe. 4. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hal F oder Cl ist.4. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that the Hal is F or Cl. 5. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Chal 0 oder 5 ist.5. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that Chal is 0 or 5. 6. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Ph = P0₄ oder P₂O₇ ist.6. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that Ph = P0₄ or P₂O₇. 7. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau sind:
mK Cl . nMn S . p Zn₂P₂O₇ .
wobei m,n,p = 1 - 95% und die Summe aus m,n,p 100% ist.7. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
mK Cl. nMn S. p Zn₂P₂O₇.
where m, n, p = 1-95% and the sum of m, n, p is 100%. 8. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau sind:
mK Cl + n Zn S + pMn₂P₂O₇.
wobei m,n,p = 1 - 95% ist.8. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
mK Cl + n Zn S + pMn₂P₂O₇.
where m, n, p = 1-95%. 9. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau- sind:
mK Cl . nMn S
wobei m,n = 1 - 95%, vorzugsweise 20 - 80% bedeuten.9. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
mK Cl. nMn S
where m, n = 1-95%, preferably 20-80%. 10. Schleifmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schleifaktiven Füllstoffe Metallkomplexsalze mit folgendem Aufbau sind:
mK Cl - n Zn S
wobei m,n = 1 - 95%, vorzugsweise 20 - 80% bedeuten.10. Abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive fillers are metal complex salts with the following structure:
mK Cl - n Zn S
where m, n = 1-95%, preferably 20-80%.
EP19890111276 1988-12-30 1989-06-21 Abrasive means Withdrawn EP0379633A3 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/457,953 US5116392A (en) 1988-12-30 1989-12-27 Abrasive article and abrasive
JP1338836A JPH02289672A (en) 1988-12-30 1989-12-28 Grindstone and abrasive material
CA002006775A CA2006775A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1989-12-28 Abrasive article and abrasive

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88121884A EP0375803A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 Abrasive body
EP88121884 1988-12-30

Publications (2)

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EP0379633A2 true EP0379633A2 (en) 1990-08-01
EP0379633A3 EP0379633A3 (en) 1990-09-26

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EP88121884A Withdrawn EP0375803A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 Abrasive body
EP19890111276 Withdrawn EP0379633A3 (en) 1988-12-30 1989-06-21 Abrasive means

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EP88121884A Withdrawn EP0375803A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 Abrasive body

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0442710A2 (en) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasives containing ammonium fluoride-based grinding aid

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5061295A (en) * 1990-10-22 1991-10-29 Norton Company Grinding wheel abrasive composition

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH402644A (en) * 1962-05-14 1965-11-15 Freudenberg Carl Fa Abrasive and polishing material
CH412618A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-04-30 Carborundum Co Coated abrasive object
US3541739A (en) * 1968-07-16 1970-11-24 English Abrasives Ltd Coated abrasive containing an over-size layer of a metal halide
DE2657881A1 (en) * 1976-12-21 1978-06-22 Sia Schweizer Schmirgel & Schl ABRASIVES
EP0044028A1 (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-01-20 Riedel-De Haen Aktiengesellschaft Chlorofluor ferrate (II, III), process for its production, its use and a grinding wheel containing chlorofluor ferrate
AT366944B (en) * 1980-04-01 1982-05-25 Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif ABRASIVE BODY WITH ABRASIVE GRAIN
EP0070520A2 (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-01-26 Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG Abrasive body
EP0008697B1 (en) * 1978-08-14 1983-04-27 Riedel-De Haen Aktiengesellschaft Use of alkali chloroferrate (ii,iii) as filler for grinding discs and grinding disc containing said filler
EP0185996A2 (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-07-02 Norton Company Grinding aid for use in abrasive articles
DE3543023A1 (en) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-11 Heinz Dr Frensch Grinding and/or polishing agent, its manufacture and use
DE3625745A1 (en) * 1985-04-10 1988-02-11 Lion Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING TOOTHPASTE

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH402644A (en) * 1962-05-14 1965-11-15 Freudenberg Carl Fa Abrasive and polishing material
CH412618A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-04-30 Carborundum Co Coated abrasive object
US3541739A (en) * 1968-07-16 1970-11-24 English Abrasives Ltd Coated abrasive containing an over-size layer of a metal halide
DE2657881A1 (en) * 1976-12-21 1978-06-22 Sia Schweizer Schmirgel & Schl ABRASIVES
EP0008697B1 (en) * 1978-08-14 1983-04-27 Riedel-De Haen Aktiengesellschaft Use of alkali chloroferrate (ii,iii) as filler for grinding discs and grinding disc containing said filler
AT366944B (en) * 1980-04-01 1982-05-25 Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif ABRASIVE BODY WITH ABRASIVE GRAIN
EP0044028A1 (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-01-20 Riedel-De Haen Aktiengesellschaft Chlorofluor ferrate (II, III), process for its production, its use and a grinding wheel containing chlorofluor ferrate
EP0070520A2 (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-01-26 Tyrolit Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG Abrasive body
EP0185996A2 (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-07-02 Norton Company Grinding aid for use in abrasive articles
DE3625745A1 (en) * 1985-04-10 1988-02-11 Lion Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING TOOTHPASTE
DE3543023A1 (en) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-11 Heinz Dr Frensch Grinding and/or polishing agent, its manufacture and use

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0442710A2 (en) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasives containing ammonium fluoride-based grinding aid
EP0442710A3 (en) * 1990-02-13 1992-07-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasives containing ammonium fluoride-based grinding aid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0379633A3 (en) 1990-09-26
EP0375803A1 (en) 1990-07-04

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