EP0376963B1 - Feuerlöschmittel - Google Patents

Feuerlöschmittel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0376963B1
EP0376963B1 EP88906822A EP88906822A EP0376963B1 EP 0376963 B1 EP0376963 B1 EP 0376963B1 EP 88906822 A EP88906822 A EP 88906822A EP 88906822 A EP88906822 A EP 88906822A EP 0376963 B1 EP0376963 B1 EP 0376963B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boron
weight
solution
potassium
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88906822A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0376963A4 (en
EP0376963A1 (de
Inventor
Jon L. Curzon
Conrad S. Mikulec
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT88906822T priority Critical patent/ATE118365T1/de
Publication of EP0376963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0376963A1/de
Publication of EP0376963A4 publication Critical patent/EP0376963A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0376963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0376963B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aqueous fire extinguishing composition as indicated in the preamble of claim 1.
  • composition is known from Chemical Abstracts, vol. 104, no. 16, 21st April 1986, page 154, abstract no. 132486p, Columbus, Ohio, US. Described therein is a composition comprising a bicarbonate (15 wt%), a borate (7 wt%) and a surfactant (1 wt%); the remainder being water.
  • Such known composition has as a disadvantage that it is generally corrosive to metals. This is of particular concern in extinguishing fires on a cooking surface, such as a stove top. Specifically, even if the fire is successfully extinguished, the stove top, which is invariably a metal surface, may be damaged due to corrosion.
  • an improved fire extinguishing composition comprises a mixture of potassium carbonate, a boron-containing compound, and water.
  • the composition in addition to the above, contains a potassium salt of an organic acid. It has been found that when either of these compositions are applied to a stove-top fire, such as a grease fire, or to a charcoal fire, the fire is immediately extinguished.
  • the flames will be extinguished immediately because of the interaction of the material with the grease and the spray of the material over the surface of the grease. It is believed that the placement of a small area of fire extinguishing compound into a large expanse of grease causes a matrix barrier blanketing composition to be formed which seeks out grease and flame, then covers the entire expanse of grease. The flames are thus extinguished by shutting off the oxygen supply as well as interfering with the chemical reaction of rapid oxidation.
  • the composition is capable of ascending an incline in order to seek out and blanket hot grease.
  • the potassium carbonate is present in an amount of between 20% and 46% by weight, more preferably between 25% and 46% by weight and most preferably between 30% and 42% by weight.
  • the boron-containing compound is preferably boric acid, but it may be any other suitable boron-containing material in addition to or in place of boric acid, including ammonium, potassium, calcium, iron and zinc borates, boron phosphate, boron and boron oxide.
  • the boron-containing compound of the first embodiment is boric acid, it is present in an amount of between 2% and 8% by weight, and most preferably between 3% and 6% by weight, the remaining portion being water.
  • the quantity should be such as to provide an amount of boron equivalent to the amount that will be provided by the amounts of boric acid disclosed above.
  • one or more of the other boron compounds listed above can be substituted in whole or in part for the foregoing quantities of boric acid, provided that the amounts employed contain the ratio equivalent stoichiometric quantities of boron that will be present in the above-disclosed amounts of boric acid.
  • the amount of boron in the first embodiment is between 0.34% and 1.36% by weight, and preferably between 0.51% and 1.02% by weight.
  • the potassium carbonate portion is present in an amount of between 20% and 47% by weight, more preferably between 25% and 46% by weight, and most preferably between 30% and 42% by weight.
  • the potassium salt of the organic acid is present in an amount of between 5% and 30% by weight, more preferably between 12% and 25% by weight, and most preferably between 17% and 22% by weight.
  • the boric acid portion of the composition is present in an amount of between 0.4% and 10% by weight, more preferably between 2% and 8% by weight, and most preferably between 3% and 6% by weight.
  • the same stoichiometric amounts of boron must be maintained if a boron-containing compound other than boric acid is used. Converting the above amounts of boric acid to a boron basis, the amount of boron is between 0.068% to 1.7% by weight, more preferably between 0.34% and 1.36% by weight, and most preferably between 0.51% and 1.02% by weight.
  • the potassium salts of organic acids are preferably potassium acetate, potassium tartrate or potassium citrate, but can generally be an acid salt having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and having a minimum solubility of about 150g/100ml. cold water.
  • the solution may be dispensed from a pressurized can or a mechanical pump or any other device from which the solution can be projected. It has been found that the fire extinguishing solution is non-corrosive, that is, it will not corrode aluminum, copper, steel or other metallic surfaces to which it has been applied during a fire extinguishing action, nor will it corrode metallic containers or piping used for containing or dispensing the solution. By contrast, most prior art aqueous fire extinguishing compositions have tended to dissolve metal.
  • the composition in aqueous form, it will not cause detrimental splattering when it is applied to, and reacts with, a flaming oil or grease. Rather, the composition forms a flow-controlled pasty matrix, in which the composition is spread rapidly across the surface of the grease fire to rapidly extinguish it. A thick crust forms on the surface of the grease after extinguishment, which protects the surface from flashback.
  • a composition of boric acid, water and potassium carbonate which has been found particularly effective comprises 40% by weight potassium carbonate, 2.5% by weight boric acid, and 56.5% by weight water. Both in this composition and in the examples given below the total amounts of ingredients do not add up to 100% due to rounding off the weighted amounts of the individual ingredients.
  • a preferred composition incorporating the potassium salt of organic acid comprises 33.33% by weight potassium carbonate, 2.2% by weight boric acid, and 17.02% by weight potassium acetate, and the remaining water.
  • Table 1 summarizes the compositions and results from the examples.
  • aqueous composition containing 100 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 14 parts of water, 24 parts of potassium acetate and 3 parts of boric acid. All components dissolved upon mixing; however, less than 1% by weight of precipitate formed upon refrigeration below 0°C (32°F). This indicates that the solution was a nearly saturated mixture. Three pounds of the composition were applied to and extinguished 16 separate grease fires. The fires were pre-burned for one minute to two and one half minutes in pans of 10,16 cm (4") diameter with oil 3,81 cm (1 1/2") deep, 33,66 cm (13 1/4") diameter with 0,64 cm (1/4") of oil, and 27,94 cm (11") diameter with 10,16 cm (4")of oil, placed on top of a conventional stove.
  • aqueous composition containing 100 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 15 parts water, 10 parts potassium acetate and 3.5 parts of boric acid. Three pounds of the composition were applied to and extinguished grease fires. Instantaneous knock down of the flames occurred with moderate volatility. Minimum flowability, stability and protection against reignition occurred. The composition and resulting reaction products were corrosive neither to aluminum and copper components utilized to apply the composition nor to the stove and pans involved in the fire.
  • aqueous composition containing 10 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 50 parts of water, 50 parts of potassium acetate and 3.5 parts of boric acid. 1.36 kg (three pounds) of the composition were applied to and extinguished grease fires. Moderate knock down of the flames but with limited volatility occurred. Stability of the barrier matrix occurred but protection against reignition was moderate. The composition and resulting reaction products were corrosive to neither aluminum and copper components utilized to apply the composition nor to the stove and pans involved in the fire.
  • aqueous composition containing 80 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 50 parts of water and 3.5 parts of boric acid. 1.36 kg (three pounds) of the composition were applied to and extinguished grease fires. Instantaneous knock down occurred. Excessive volatility, minimum flowability, stability and protection against reignition occurred. The composition and resulting reaction products were corrosive to neither aluminum and copper components utilized to apply the composition nor to the stove and pans involved in the fire.
  • aqueous composition containing 100 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 15 parts of water and 1.5 parts of boric acid. Slight corrosion of aluminum wire was apparent within a seven day period. No corrosion was evident on aluminum wire when two parts or more boric acid were mixed with the aqueous composition.
  • aqueous composition containing 100 parts of 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 15 parts of water and 25 parts of potassium acetate. No boric acid was added. Instantaneous corrosion occurred on aluminum wire and the wire was completely dissolved within a seven day period of time.
  • aqueous composition containing 100 parts 47% potassium carbonate in water was mixed with 15 parts of water and 5.5 parts of sodium borate or borax. No corrosion occurred on aluminum wire after standing for over a two month period of time.
  • boron containing compounds such as potassium tetraborate but not limited to this boron-containing compound were mixed in parts equivalent to the stoichiometric quantity of 3.5 parts of boric acid. They were found non-corrosive to aluminum over extended periods of time. Excessive quantities of boron containing compounds are not considered detrimental to the environment preventing corrosion nor to the fire extinguishing properties of the composition. Excess boron containing materials will precipitate as a solid in the composition.
  • Example 2 The same procedure as Example 1 was followed, except that potassium formate was substituted for the potassium acetate of Example 1. Instantaneous knock down occurred. Volatility was minimum. Matrix barrier and flow were moderate and the composition was non-corrosive over an extended period.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Wäßrige Feuerlöschlösung, welche Wasser, Kaliumkarbonat und eine borhaltige Verbindung enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die borhaltige Verbindung aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus Borsäure, Ammoniumborat, Kaliumborat, Kalziumborat, Eisenborat, Zinkborat, Borphosphat und Boroxid besteht, und daß bei Bedarf ein Kaliumsalz einer organischen Lösung vorhanden ist, wobei das Kaliumkarbonat in einer Menge von mindestens 20 Gew.% und die borhaltige Verbindung in einer Menge, die einen Borgehalt von höchstens 1,7 Gew.% ergibt, in dem Wasser, das den restlichen Lösungsanteil darstellt, unter Bildung einer wäßrigen Lösung gelöst sind und wobei die Lösung auf eine Brandstelle aufsprühbar ist.
  2. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher der Kaliumkarbonatanteil zwischen 20 und 46 Gew.% beträgt, der Boranteil in Form der Borverbindung zwischen 0,085 und 1,7 Gew.% beträgt, und der Rest Wasser ist.
  3. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher der Kaliumkarbonatanteil zwischen 25 und 46 Gew.% beträgt, der Boranteil zwischen 0,34 und 1,36 Gew.% beträgt, und der Rest Wasser ist.
  4. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher der Kaliumkarbonatanteil zwischen 30 und 42 Gew.% beträgt, der Boranteil zwischen 0,51 und 1,02 Gew.% beträgt, und der Rest Wasser ist.
  5. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, welche folgendes enthält: zwischen 20 und 47 Gew.% Kaliumkarbonat; zwischen 0,68 und 1,7 Gew.% Bor in Form der borhaltigen Verbindung; zwischen 5 und 30 Gew.% eines Kaliumsalzes einer organischen Säure, wobei der Rest Wasser ist.
  6. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist.
  7. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz einer organischen Säure eine Löslichkeit in kaltem Wasser von mindestens 150 g/100 ml besitzt.
  8. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz einer organischen Säure aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus Kaliumazetat, Kaliumtartrat und Kaliumzitrat besteht.
  9. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, welche folgendes enthält: zwischen 25 und 46 Gew.% Kaliumkarbonat; zwischen 0,34 und 1,36 Gew.% Bor in Form der borhaltigen Verbindung; zwischen 0,2 und 25% Gew.% des Kaliumsalzes einer organischen Säure, wobei der Rest Wasser ist.
  10. Lösung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher die Zusammensetzung folgendes enthält: ca. 30 bis ca. 42 Gew.% Kaliumkarbonat; ca. 0,51 bis ca. 1,02 Gew.% Bor in Form der borhaltigen Verbindung; ca. 0,17 bis ca. 22 Gew.% des Kaliumsalzes einer organischen Säure, wobei der Rest Wasser ist.
  11. Wäßrige Feuerlöschlösung zum Löschen von Schmierfettbränden, welche Wasser, Kaliumkarbonat und eine borhaltige Verbindung enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die borhaltige Verbindung aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus Borsäure, Ammoniumborat, Kaliumborat, Kalziumborat, Eisenborat, Zinkborat, Borphosphat und Boroxid besteht, und daß bei Bedarf ein Kaliumsalz einer organischen Säure vorhanden ist, wobei die borhaltige Verbindung in der Lösung in Sättigung vorhanden ist, und wobei die Lösung auf eine Brandstelle aufsprühbar ist.
  12. Lösung nach Anspruch 11, welche enthält: zwischen 20 und 47 Gew.% Kaliumkarbonat; zwischen 0,68 und 1,7 Gew.% Bor in Form der borhaltigen Verbindung; zwischen 5 und 30 Gew.% eines Kaliumsalzes einer organischen Säure; wobei der Rest Wasser ist.
  13. Lösung nach Anspruch 12, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz zwischen 1 und 6 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist.
  14. Lösung nach Anspruch 13, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz einer organischen Säure eine Mindestlöslichkeit in Kaltwasser von 150 g/100 ml besitzt.
  15. Lösung nach Anspruch 14, bei welcher das Kaliumsalz der organischen Säure aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus Kaliumazetat, Kaliumtartrat und Kaliumzitrat besteht.
EP88906822A 1988-07-11 1988-07-11 Feuerlöschmittel Expired - Lifetime EP0376963B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88906822T ATE118365T1 (de) 1988-07-11 1988-07-11 Feuerlöschmittel.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1988/002316 WO1990000423A1 (en) 1988-07-11 1988-07-11 Fire extinguishing composition

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0376963A1 EP0376963A1 (de) 1990-07-11
EP0376963A4 EP0376963A4 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0376963B1 true EP0376963B1 (de) 1995-02-15

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EP88906822A Expired - Lifetime EP0376963B1 (de) 1988-07-11 1988-07-11 Feuerlöschmittel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0376963B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03500252A (de)
DE (1) DE3853073T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1990000423A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012154768A2 (en) 2011-05-09 2012-11-15 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Fire suppression fluid containing a carboxylate salt
WO2020077175A1 (en) 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Fire suppression fluid containing a carboxylate salt

Families Citing this family (6)

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JPH08257157A (ja) * 1995-03-24 1996-10-08 Ebisu Kagaku Kenkyusho:Kk 手投げ消火液弾
US5820776A (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-10-13 Ansul, Incorporated Combination of a novel fire extinguishing composition employing a eutectic salt mixture and water and a method of using same to extinguish fires
DE10003793A1 (de) * 2000-01-28 2001-09-06 Febbex Ag Steinsel Verfahren und Löschmittel zum Löschen eines Öl- und/oder Fettbrandes
WO2002085460A1 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Kohjin Co., Ltd. Agent d'extinction d'incendie, eau pour extinction d'incendie et procede d'extinction d'incendie
CN1915461B (zh) * 2006-09-07 2010-08-18 广州市花都区花东南方林业扑火工具厂 一种灭火剂及其制造方法
WO2009145783A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Kiddie-Fenwal, Inc. Fire extinguishing composition

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012154768A2 (en) 2011-05-09 2012-11-15 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Fire suppression fluid containing a carboxylate salt
WO2020077175A1 (en) 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Fire suppression fluid containing a carboxylate salt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3853073D1 (de) 1995-03-23
EP0376963A4 (en) 1990-12-27
JPH03500252A (ja) 1991-01-24
DE3853073T2 (de) 1995-08-10
EP0376963A1 (de) 1990-07-11
WO1990000423A1 (en) 1990-01-25

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