Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0031—Carpet, upholstery, fur or leather cleansers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3749—Polyolefins; Halogenated polyolefins; Natural or synthetic rubber; Polyarylolefins or halogenated polyarylolefins

Definitions

• the present invention is in the field of powder detergents for textiles.
• powdery cleaners which are also referred to as dry cleaning agents, are used in particular.
• the majority of these dry cleaning agents consist of a solid substance which acts as an adsorbent and a volatile liquid which is embedded in the adsorbent and serves to dissolve the soiling on the textile.
• these agents are sprinkled on the textiles and, after the liquid from the textiles has evaporated, brushed or suctioned off together with the dirt constituents which have deposited on the adsorbent.
• a large number of substances have already been proposed in the literature for these agents both as an adsorbent and as a liquid.
• adsorbents For example, natural polymers such as wood flour, starch and cork powder, inorganic materials such as bentonite and diatomaceous earth and various organic polymers in powder form have been proposed as adsorbents.
• Organic solvents such as gasoline or chlorinated hydrocarbons as well as aqueous surfactant solutions or water-alcohol mixtures were mentioned as suitable cleaning liquids.
• DE-OS 26 18 278 and EP-OS 71 422 in which the use of synthetic organic polymers as adsorbents together with aqueous and non-aqueous cleaning liquids is described.
• the common characteristic of almost all previously known proposals in the field of scatterable carpet cleaning agents is the particle size of the adsorbent. As a rule, it was assumed that the particles of the adsorbent should not exceed a size of one to at most a few millimeters; preferred, such as in EP 71 422 particle sizes in the range of 10 to 100 microns.
• the invention relates to dry cleaning agents for textiles which contain a cleaning liquid and a synthetic organic polymer in particle form, these polymer particles being porous and flexible pieces with dimensions between 3 and 50 mm, which comprise more than 50% by weight Polyolefin exist.
• the new agents are characterized by their practical freedom from dust, which u. a. leads to the fact that graying of dark textiles cannot be observed. Despite the large particles, an excellent cleaning result is achieved. Another advantage is the high productivity of the funds, i. H. the fact that the agents according to the invention require a much smaller amount for a satisfactory cleaning of textiles or carpets than conventional agents. Finally, the easy removal of the large polymer flakes from the textiles also has an extremely advantageous effect.
• the polyolefins which are suitable according to the invention are polymers which have been prepared predominantly from the lower olefins ethylene, propylene and / or butylene and, in addition, can contain only small amounts of other monomers in copolymerized form; pure polyolefins are preferably used, of which in turn polypropylene is particularly suitable for the purposes of the invention.
• the polyolefin is used in the form of flexible pieces with dimensions between 3 and 50 mm, these pieces being said to contain open pores. These pieces therefore preferably consist of foamed polyolefin or of polyolefin in the form of a fleece or woven fabric. While fleece and fabric up to 50 wt .-% of fibers from other materials.
• the polymer pieces used according to the invention are preferably composed solely of polyolefin, in particular polypropylene, the foamed form being particularly preferred.
• the polyolefin pieces preferably have a flat to spherical shape with dimensions between approximately 3 and approximately 50 mm, preferably between approximately 3 and approximately 30 mm. Dimension is understood to mean the longest spatial extent of the piece (diameter or diagonal), with the extent of the piece in a spatial direction perpendicular thereto being at least 1 mm.
• the individual pieces in the middle can have different shapes and dimensions.
• the polyolefin pieces are made by crushing larger pieces, such as foam blocks or woven or nonwoven webs.
• compositions of the invention preferably contain between about 5 and about 80% by weight, in particular between 10 and 50% by weight, of polyolefin pieces.
• the cleaning liquid contained in the agents according to the invention is based either on water, organic solvents or mixtures of the two. Aqueous mixtures are preferably used. The amount of this liquid is dimensioned such that it can still be taken up by the solid components of the agent, ie in particular by the polyolefin pieces, and thus the scatterability of the agent is ensured. It can be advantageous to use polyolefin material whose surface is modified, for example by oxidation.
• the content of water and / or organic solvents in the compositions is preferably 20 to 90% by weight, in particular 50 to 85% by weight, preferably at least 5/10 of the liquid, in particular between 5/10 and 9/10 of the Liquid consist of water.
• Suitable organic solvents are both water-miscible and water-immiscible solvents, provided they do not attack the textiles and are sufficiently volatile to evaporate quickly after the agents have been applied to the textiles. When selecting the solvents, it is also important to ensure that they have sufficiently high flash points in the finished product mixture and are toxicologically harmless.
• Alcohols, ketones, glycol ethers and hydrocarbons, for example isopropanol, acetone, ethers of mono- and diethylene glycol and of mono-, di- and tripropylene glycol with boiling points between 120 ° C and 250 ° C and petrol with a boiling range of 130 - 200 are well suited ° C, especially low-aromatic fractions, and mixtures of these solvents.
• Alcohols with 2 to 3 carbon atoms, propylene glycol ether, gasolines and mixtures thereof are preferably used.
• the agents according to the invention can in particular contain surfactants as further constituents. While a very good surface cleaning can be achieved without this additive, which is not inferior to the result when using commercially available agents, the removal of stains can be improved even further by adding surfactants.
• a surfactant addition of up to 10% by weight is sufficient; the compositions preferably contain 0.05 to 4% by weight, in particular not more than 1% by weight, of surfactants. From the large number of known surfactants, those substances are particularly suitable which, if appropriate, dry together with other nonvolatile constituents of the compositions to form a solid, brittle residue.
• the surfactants can come from the classes of anionic and nonionic surfactants, but anionic surfactants are preferably used.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants for the agents according to the invention are, in particular, addition products of 1 to 30, preferably example, 4 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide, on 1 mole of a compound having 10 to 20 carbon atoms from the group of alcohols, alkylphenols, carboxylic acids and carboxamides.
• propylene oxide is added instead of part of the ethylene oxide.
• the addition products of ethylene oxide with long-chain primary or secondary alcohols, such as, for example, fatty alcohols or oxo alcohols, and with mono- or dialkylphenols having 6 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups, are particularly important.
• Other suitable nonionic surfactants are the long-chain amine oxides and the fatty alkyl (poly) glucosides with 1-3 glucose units in the molecule.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular those of the sulfate or sulfonate type, but other types such as soaps, long-chain N-acyl sarcosinates, salts of fatty acid cyanamides or salts of ether carboxylic acids, as are obtainable from long-chain alkyl or alkylphenyl polyglycol ethers and chloroacetic acid, can also be used .
• the anionic surfactants are preferably used in the form of the sodium salts.
• Particularly suitable surfactants of the sulfate type are the sulfuric acid monoesters of long-chain primary alcohols of natural and synthetic origin with 10 to 20 carbon atoms, i.e. H. of fatty alcohols such as B. coconut fatty alcohols, tallow fatty alcohols, oleyl alcohol, or the C10 - C20 oxo alcohols and those of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths.
• the sulfuric acid monoesters of the aliphatic primary alcohols, secondary alcohols or alkylphenols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide come into consideration.
• Sulfated fatty acid alkanolamides and sulfated fatty acid monoglycerides are also suitable.
• the surfactants of the sulfonate type are primarily sulfosuccinic acid monoesters and diesters with 6 to 22 carbon atoms in the alcohol parts, the alkylbenzenesulfonates with C9-C15 alkyl groups and the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids, eg the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl or ethyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
• alkanesulfonates which can be obtained from C12-C18 alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization or by bisulfite addition to olefins
• olefinsulfonates which are mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, such as they are obtained, for example, from long-chain monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
• the fatty alcohol sulfates with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, the salts of sulfosuccinic acid monoesters with 16 to 20 carbon atoms in the alcohol portion and mixtures of these surfactants are particularly preferably used.
• the agents of this invention can also contain small amounts of other auxiliaries and additives customary in textile and carpet cleaning agents.
• active ingredients are antistatic components, for example inorganic salts and quaternary ammonium compounds, optical brighteners, substances which reduce re-soiling, for example polyacrylates, additives which improve spreadability and spreadability, preservatives and perfume.
• antistatic components for example inorganic salts and quaternary ammonium compounds, optical brighteners, substances which reduce re-soiling, for example polyacrylates, additives which improve spreadability and spreadability, preservatives and perfume.
• the content is preferably not more than 5% by weight, in particular not more than 2% by weight, based on the total composition.
• the preparation of the agents according to the invention does not require any major technical effort.
• simple mixing devices such as paddle or drum mixers, are suitable, in which the Polyolefin pieces and, if appropriate, further finely divided solid components are introduced and then sprayed with the cleaning liquids, which may contain further constituents in solution, while moving.
• the cleaning of the textiles and carpets takes place in such a way that the cleaning agents according to the invention are sprinkled onto the textiles manually or with the aid of a suitable scattering device and then rubbed more or less intensively into the textiles, for example with the aid of a sponge or a brush or a corrugated board.
• training times of 0.3 to 5 minutes, preferably 0.5 to 3 minutes per square meter are chosen.
• the particles of the cleaning agent cannot fall through the mesh of the fabric or the pile of the carpet due to their size, but essentially move on the surface, it is also possible not to spread the agents over a large area but, for example, to one side of the carpet begin and in the course of rubbing the particles over the entire carpet, so that the dirt-laden particles can be removed at the end of the cleaning process on the other side of the carpet.
• the residues are removed from the textiles mechanically, for example by brushing or vacuuming.
• about 2 to about 40 g / m 2 are used by the agents according to the invention, depending on the fullness of the textiles and depending on the degree of soiling, but much larger quantities can also be used in the treatment of smaller textile pieces or for removing individual stains.
• the composition was still easy to spread and had a bulk density of about 90 g / l.
• Example 2 An agent was produced in the same way as in Example 1, in which very finely ground polypropylene foam, the particle size of which was significantly less than 1 mm, was used as the adsorbent.
• the carpet pieces were sprinkled evenly with 35 g / m2 of the respective agent, then the agent was worked in with a hard brush for 3 minutes per square meter before the solid residues were removed from the carpet pieces with a vacuum cleaner.
• the cleaning result was assessed after visual inspection.
• the unsoiled carpet material was rated 1 and the soiled carpet 5 before cleaning.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

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Citations (6)

• 1988
  • 1988-12-15 DE DE19883842152 patent/DE3842152A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1989
  • 1989-12-08 EP EP89122688A patent/EP0374638A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-12-08 WO PCT/EP1989/001506 patent/WO1990006985A2/fr unknown

Patent Citations (6)

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