EP0369948A1 - Packaging, especially for pastries - Google Patents
Packaging, especially for pastries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0369948A1 EP0369948A1 EP89810870A EP89810870A EP0369948A1 EP 0369948 A1 EP0369948 A1 EP 0369948A1 EP 89810870 A EP89810870 A EP 89810870A EP 89810870 A EP89810870 A EP 89810870A EP 0369948 A1 EP0369948 A1 EP 0369948A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packaging according
- bottom element
- cover
- packaging
- cover element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
- B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
- B65D5/64—Lids
- B65D5/66—Hinged lids
- B65D5/6697—Separate lids attached to the container body by a hinge element
Definitions
- the pie is not placed on the bottom, but is placed on a thick cardboard tray, generally circular which is, for aesthetic reasons, covered with lace paper, this cardboard disc, covered with lace paper often used, moreover, as a display holder for the pie, when it is displayed in a shop window.
- This type of packaging is not without its drawbacks. Indeed, the cardboard, by the height of the edges of its bottom, as well as by the presence of the cover, can not be used as a display, which requires the use of the means described above, namely the disc cardboard and paper-lace, in order to obtain an adequate display stand; in addition, the display is generally introduced into the box with the pie, the number of components used to package a pie is high and, therefore, expensive. It is also not possible to provide a different thickness of cardboard for the bottom and the cover of packaging.
- the object of the present invention is to produce a packaging, in particular for pastries, composed of a bottom element and a cover element, which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above.
- the packaging is characterized in that the flanges of the bottom element are foldable, in that at least one receptacle is provided, preferably on the folding edge of at least one flange, said receptacle being intended to receive at least one corresponding connection means, disposed in the end region of a flap of the cover element, and in that the bottom element is entirely removable from the cover element and shaped so that it fulfills, in addition to the function of container, that of support-display.
- Figure 1 shows the configuration of the development of an embodiment of the bottom element of the packaging, object of the invention.
- the cutting of the cardboard in particular the configuration of the broken angles, has a purely aesthetic function, intended to make attractive the shape of the background element when used as a display.
- the folding edges 4 of the four folding edges and, on the other hand, the layout of the notches 3 (the layout located in the edge of the corresponding bottom element in general at the small base and at the sides of a figure having the general shape of an isosceles trapezoid and the two ends of which join the folding edge of the bottom element) which, when the edges 2 are raised, go, from on the one hand, serve as a receptacle 19 (see FIG.
- the bottom 21 of the plate 1 serves as a support for the pie, the surface of the plate 1 in contact with the pie will therefore preferably be laminated using a polypropylene film or the like, in order to make it waterproof.
- the folding edges are produced either by cutting the cardboard at mid-depth, or by upsetting, by perforations or any other known method applying to folding the cardboard.
- Fig. 2 shows the configuration of the development of an embodiment of the cover element of the packaging, object of the invention.
- the bottom element 5 is cut according to the configuration shown in the figure and has folding edges 10 making it possible to raise the folding edges 6, 7 of the cover, perpendicular to the plane 22 forming the bottom of the cover.
- the ends 15 of the flanges 6 are then folded along their folding edge 11, outside the flanges 7, and the connecting elements 16 are introduced into the notches 17, so that the cover is shaped in its final functional form.
- the fold line 18 of the connecting elements 16 allows the edges 6 and 7 to be folded inwardly of the cover element, once the latter has been formed in its functional form. This inward folding of the edges allows easy storage of the pre-folded cover elements when they are shaped and assembled. In order to unfold the cover, it suffices to fold the flanges 6 outwards.
- the folding edges are produced as described above.
- the cover element comprises, in the end zones of its edges 7, on the one hand, connection means 8 designed to engage in two receptacles 19 (see FIG. 3) and form a hinge-type connection between the bottom element and cover element, the shape of these connecting means 8 being adapted so that they can be easily introduced into the cover, while offering a slight tensile strength thanks to the cutouts 23, but remaining easily removable, and, on the other hand, in the extreme zone of the rim 7 opposite to that having the connecting means 8, closing means 12 shaped so that they can be introduced effortlessly into two receptacles 19, the cutout 14 in the form of segment of a circle allowing the box to be easily opened by pulling the flap outwards, bearing on the cutout 14.
- provision can be made in the plane 22 forming the bottom of the 'element cover, an opening covered with a transparent film allowing a vision of the contents of the package when it is closed.
- Fig. 3 shows the assembled packaging, the cover element 5 being engaged in the bottom element 1 by its connecting means forming a hinge 8 each housed in a receptacle 19.
- the box is closed by simple rotation of the cover around a passing axis by the folding edges 9 (see fig. 2) connecting means forming a hinge 8, then by insertion of the two closing tabs in two receptacles 19 located on the opposite side of the bottom element 1, the protruding tabs 20 serving as 'sitting at the cover element, the edges of the bottom element may therefore be of a height substantially less than that of the edges of the cover element.
- the packaging, object of the invention is composed of two separate parts which can engage one into the other in order to form a packaging, while being removable, the bottom element serving, it alone, of support-display and being equipped with the cover element only for the transport and the conservation of a pie, for example.
- the saving of the raw material, of the weight and of the storage volume of the packaging, object of the invention is of the order of 40% compared to to traditional packaging. Indeed, it is no longer necessary to use a thick cardboard disc and a paper lace to expose the pastry and it has been found, by experience, that the surface of cardboard necessary for the manufacture of the packaging, object of the invention, for a given pie diameter and height, is substantially less than that of a foldable packaging of known type.
- another advantage of the invention is the fact that it is necessary to laminate the cardboard, using a film of impermeable synthetic material, only on the face or faces of one and / or the other. element of the packaging, which also allows a reduction in cost. It is also possible to provide a bottom element of different thickness than that of the cover element, which also makes it possible, due to the independence of the two elements, to reduce the cost of the raw material.
- any other variant of the invention relating in particular to the shape of the packaging, the number and configuration of the connecting means, receptacles and means for closing the packaging is possible, without going beyond the ambit of that -this.
Abstract
Description
On connaît déjà de nombreux emballages, notamment pour pâtisseries, tourtes, tartes, confiserie, etc.; ces emballages consistent généralement en une pièce de carton plane, précoupée et munie de moyens de liaison et d'arêtes de pliage. Ces emballages sont conformés par pliage et engagement des moyens de liaison, afin de former une boîte de forme généralement parallélépipèdique composée d'un fond comprenant une base et des rebords, et d'un couvercle solidaire dudit fond comprenant lui aussi une surface plane et des rebords; le couvercle est alors rabattu, après introduction de la tourte par exemple, sur le fond, la surface supérieure du couvercle ayant comme assise les rebords du fond. De plus, la tourte n'est pas déposée à même le fond, mais est disposée sur un plateau de carton épais, généralement circulaire qui est, pour des raisons esthétiques, recouvert d'un papier-dentelle, ce disque de carton, recouvert de papier dentelle servant souvent, par ailleurs, de support-présentoir de la tourte, lorsqu'elle est exposée en vitrine. Ce type d'emballage n'est pas sans présenter des inconvénients. En effet, le carton, de par la hauteur des rebords de son fond, ainsi que de par la présence du couvercle, ne peut pas être utilisé comme présentoir, ce qui nécessite l'utilisation des moyens décrits ci-dessus, à savoir le disque de carton et le papier-dentelle, afin d'obtenir un support-présentoir adéquat; de plus, le présentoir étant généralement introduit dans la boîte avec la tourte, le nombre des composants utilisés pour emballer une tourte est élevé et, par conséquent, onéreux. Il n'est également pas possible de prévoir une épaisseur de carton différente pour le fond et le couvercle de l'emballage.Many packages are already known, in particular for pastries, pies, pies, confectionery, etc .; these packages generally consist of a flat piece of cardboard, pre-cut and provided with connecting means and folding edges. These packages are shaped by folding and engaging the connecting means, in order to form a box of generally parallelepipedal shape composed of a bottom comprising a base and rims, and of a lid integral with said bottom also comprising a flat surface and ledges; the cover is then folded down, after introduction of the pie for example, on the bottom, the upper surface of the cover having as its seat the edges of the bottom. In addition, the pie is not placed on the bottom, but is placed on a thick cardboard tray, generally circular which is, for aesthetic reasons, covered with lace paper, this cardboard disc, covered with lace paper often used, moreover, as a display holder for the pie, when it is displayed in a shop window. This type of packaging is not without its drawbacks. Indeed, the cardboard, by the height of the edges of its bottom, as well as by the presence of the cover, can not be used as a display, which requires the use of the means described above, namely the disc cardboard and paper-lace, in order to obtain an adequate display stand; in addition, the display is generally introduced into the box with the pie, the number of components used to package a pie is high and, therefore, expensive. It is also not possible to provide a different thickness of cardboard for the bottom and the cover of packaging.
Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser un emballage, notamment pour pâtisseries, composé d'un élément fond et d'un élément couvercle, qui pallie les inconvénients cités ci-dessus.The object of the present invention is to produce a packaging, in particular for pastries, composed of a bottom element and a cover element, which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above.
A cet effet, l'emballage est caractérisé en ce que les rebords de l'élément fond sont rabattables, en ce qu'au moins un réceptacle est prévu, de préférence sur l'arête de pliage d'au moins un rebord, ledit réceptacle étant destiné à recevoir au moins un moyen de liaison correspondant, disposé dans la zone extrême d'un rabat de l'élément couvercle, et en ce que l'élément fond est entièrement amovible de l'élément couvercle et conformé de telle sorte qu'il remplit, outre la fonction de contenant, celle de support-présentoir.For this purpose, the packaging is characterized in that the flanges of the bottom element are foldable, in that at least one receptacle is provided, preferably on the folding edge of at least one flange, said receptacle being intended to receive at least one corresponding connection means, disposed in the end region of a flap of the cover element, and in that the bottom element is entirely removable from the cover element and shaped so that it fulfills, in addition to the function of container, that of support-display.
D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée de l'objet de l'invention, en se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel :
- la fig. 1 est une vue en plan du développement d'une forme d'exécution de l'élément fond, les rebords se situant dans le même plan que la base du fond,
- la fig. 2 est une vue en plan du développement d'une forme d'exécution de l'élément couvercle, les rebords se situant également dans le même plan que le fond du couvercle,
- la fig. 3 est une vue en perspective d'une forme d'exécution de l'emballage dans un état semi-ouvert.
- fig. 1 is a plan view of the development of an embodiment of the bottom element, the flanges lying in the same plane as the base of the bottom,
- fig. 2 is a plan view of the development of an embodiment of the cover element, the flanges also lying in the same plane as the bottom of the cover,
- fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the packaging in a semi-open state.
La figure 1 montre la configuration du développement d'une forme d'exécution de l'élément fond de l'emballage, objet de l'invention. La découpe du carton, en particulier la configuration des angles brisés, a une fonction purement esthétique, destinée à rendre attrayante la forme de l'élément fond lorsqu'il est utilisé comme présentoir. Sur cette figure sont représentés, d'une part, les arêtes de pliage 4 des quatre rebords rabattables et, d'autre part, le tracé des entailles 3 (le tracé situé dans le rebord de l'élément fond correspondant d'une manière générale à la petite base et aux côtés d'une figure ayant la forme générale d'un trapèze isocèle et dont les deux extrémités rejoignent l'arête de pliage de l'élément fond) qui, lorsque les rebords 2 sont relevés, vont, d'une part, servir de réceptacle 19 (voir fig. 3) aux moyens de liaison et aux moyens de fixation de l'élément couvercle et, d'autre part, les languettes protubérantes 20 se situant dans le même plan que le fond 21 (voir fig. 3) servent d'assise aux bords inférieurs des rabats de l'élément couvercle. Lorsque les rabats 2 sont relevés, le fond 21 de la plaque 1 sert de support à la tourte, on laminera donc de préférence la surface de la plaque 1 en contact avec la tourte à l'aide d'un film de polypropylène ou autre, afin de la rendre imperméable. On notera également que les arêtes de pliage sont réalisées soit par découpe a mi-profondeur du carton, soit par refoulage, par perforations ou tout autre procédé connu s'appliquant au pliage du carton.Figure 1 shows the configuration of the development of an embodiment of the bottom element of the packaging, object of the invention. The cutting of the cardboard, in particular the configuration of the broken angles, has a purely aesthetic function, intended to make attractive the shape of the background element when used as a display. In this figure are shown, on the one hand, the
La fig. 2 montre la configuration du développement d'une forme d'exécution de l'élément couvercle de l'emballage, objet de l'invention. L'élément fond 5 est découpé selon la configuration représentée à la figure et dispose d'arêtes de pliage 10 permettant de relever les rebords rabattables 6, 7 du couvercle, perpendiculairement au plan 22 formant le fond du couvercle. Les extrémités 15 des rebords 6 sont alors repliées le long de leur arête de pliage 11, à l'extérieur des rebords 7, et les éléments de liaison 16 sont introduits dans les entailles 17, de telle sorte que le couvercle se trouve conformé dans sa forme finale fonctionnelle. La ligne de pliage 18 des éléments de liaison 16 permet un repliage des rebords 6 et 7 vers l'intérieur de l'élément couvercle, une fois celui-ci conformé dans sa forme fonctionnelle. Ce rabattement vers l'intérieur des rebords permet une facilité de stockage des éléments couvercle prépliés lorsqu'ils sont conformés et assemblés. Afin de déplier le couvercle, il suffit de rabattre vers l'extérieur les rebords 6. Les arêtes de pliage sont réalisées comme décrit ci-avant. On peut également prévoir un laminage du carton à l'aide d'un film de polypropylène par exemple.Fig. 2 shows the configuration of the development of an embodiment of the cover element of the packaging, object of the invention. The
L'élément couvercle comprend, dans les zones extrêmes de ses rebords 7, d'une part de moyens de liaison 8 conçus pour s'engager dans deux réceptacles 19 (voir fig. 3) et former une liaison de type à charnière entre l'élément fond et l'élément couvercle, la forme de ces moyens de liaison 8 étant adaptée afin qu'ils puissent être introduits facilement dans le couvercle, tout en offrant une légère résistance a la traction grâce aux découpes 23, mais en restant facilement amovible, et, d'autre part, dans la zone extrême du rebord 7 opposé à celui possédant les moyens de liaison 8, de moyens de fermeture 12 conformés de telle manière à pouvoir être introduits sans effort dans deux réceptacles 19, la découpe 14 en forme de segment de cercle permettant d'ouvrir facilement la boîte en tirant vers l'extérieur le rabat en prenant appui sur la découpe 14. Dans une autre forme d'exécution de l'invention, on peut prévoir, dans le plan 22 formant fond de l'élément couvercle, une ouverture recouverte d'un film transparent permettant d'avoir une vision du contenu de l'emballage lorsque celui-ci est fermé.The cover element comprises, in the end zones of its
La fig. 3 montre l'emballage assemblé, l'élément couvercle 5 étant engagé dans l'élément fond 1 par ses moyens de liaison formant charnière 8 logés chacun dans un réceptacle 19. La boîte est fermée par simple rotation du couvercle autour d'un axe passant par les arêtes de pliage 9 (voir fig. 2) des moyens de liaison formant charnière 8, puis par insertion des deux languettes de fermeture dans deux réceptacles 19 situés sur le côté opposé de l'élément fond 1, les languettes protubérantes 20 servant d'assise a l'élément couvercle, les rebords de l'élément fond pouvant, par conséquent, être d'une hauteur sensiblement inférieure à celle des rebords de l'élément couvercle.Fig. 3 shows the assembled packaging, the
On voit donc bien que l'emballage, objet de l'invention, est composé de deux parties distinctes pouvant s'engager l'une dans l'autre afin de former un emballage, tout en étant amovible, l'élément fond servant, à lui seul, de support-présentoir et n'étant équipé de l'élément couvercle que pour le transport et la conservation d'une tourte, par exemple.It can therefore be seen that the packaging, object of the invention, is composed of two separate parts which can engage one into the other in order to form a packaging, while being removable, the bottom element serving, it alone, of support-display and being equipped with the cover element only for the transport and the conservation of a pie, for example.
Outre cet aspect particulièrement intéressant de la présente invention, il convient également de signaler que l'économie de la matière première, du poids et du volume de stockage des emballages, objet de l'invention, est de l'ordre de 40 % par rapport aux emballages traditionnels. En effet, il n'est plus nécessaire d'utiliser un disque de carton épais et un papier-dentelle pour exposer la pâtisserie et l'on a constaté, par expérience, que la surface de carton nécessaire à la fabrication de l'emballage, objet de l'invention, pour un diamètre et une hauteur de tourte donnés, est sensiblement inférieure à celle d'un emballage pliable de type connu.In addition to this particularly advantageous aspect of the present invention, it should also be noted that the saving of the raw material, of the weight and of the storage volume of the packaging, object of the invention, is of the order of 40% compared to to traditional packaging. Indeed, it is no longer necessary to use a thick cardboard disc and a paper lace to expose the pastry and it has been found, by experience, that the surface of cardboard necessary for the manufacture of the packaging, object of the invention, for a given pie diameter and height, is substantially less than that of a foldable packaging of known type.
De plus, un autre avantage de l'invention est le fait de ne devoir laminer le carton, à l'aide d'un film de matière synthétique imperméable, que sur la ou les faces de l'un et/ou de l'autre élément de l'emballage, ce qui permet également une réduction du coût. Il est également possible de prévoir un élément fond d'épaisseur différente que celle de l'élément couvercle, ce qui permet aussi, du fait de l'indépendance des deux éléments, de réduire le coût de la matière première.In addition, another advantage of the invention is the fact that it is necessary to laminate the cardboard, using a film of impermeable synthetic material, only on the face or faces of one and / or the other. element of the packaging, which also allows a reduction in cost. It is also possible to provide a bottom element of different thickness than that of the cover element, which also makes it possible, due to the independence of the two elements, to reduce the cost of the raw material.
Bien entendu, toute autre variante de l'invention portant notamment sur la forme de l'emballage, le nombre et la configuration des moyens de liaison, des réceptacles et des moyens de fermeture de l'emballage est possible, sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.Of course, any other variant of the invention relating in particular to the shape of the packaging, the number and configuration of the connecting means, receptacles and means for closing the packaging is possible, without going beyond the ambit of that -this.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89810870T ATE94826T1 (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1989-11-14 | PACKAGING, ESPECIALLY FOR BAKED GOODS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH422888 | 1988-11-15 | ||
CH4228/88 | 1988-11-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0369948A1 true EP0369948A1 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
EP0369948B1 EP0369948B1 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
Family
ID=4272199
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89810870A Expired - Lifetime EP0369948B1 (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1989-11-14 | Packaging, especially for pastries |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0369948B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE94826T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE68909372T2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE9115842U1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1992-02-20 | Koch, Herbert, 5600 Wuppertal, De | |
US5341983A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-08-30 | Mcgrath Stephen E | Locking join for boxes |
US5398868A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-03-21 | Densen; Mark S. | Foldable knock-down storage box with detachable hingeable cover |
GB2291404A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-24 | Petrushkin Limited M | Box |
GB2394943A (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2004-05-12 | Alpha Airport Holdings | Container having foldable walls for stacking on a rack |
CN102009771A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-13 | 亚龙纸制品(昆山)有限公司 | Square food box |
GB2504266A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-29 | Linpac Allibert Ltd | A container for the transportation and displaying of a product |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105059655A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 深圳市美盈森环保科技股份有限公司 | Packaging box |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1147276A (en) * | 1956-04-06 | 1957-11-21 | Ets Nuyts Freres | Cardboard packing box or similar |
GB1057875A (en) * | 1962-07-25 | 1967-02-08 | S & S Goolnik Ltd | Improvements relating to cartons and blanks therefor |
CH558279A (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1975-01-31 | Schick Andre | PRODUCT PRESENTATION BOX. |
US4470538A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1984-09-11 | Container Corporation Of America | Carton with common tray-cover components |
-
1989
- 1989-11-14 AT AT89810870T patent/ATE94826T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-14 DE DE89810870T patent/DE68909372T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-14 EP EP89810870A patent/EP0369948B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1147276A (en) * | 1956-04-06 | 1957-11-21 | Ets Nuyts Freres | Cardboard packing box or similar |
GB1057875A (en) * | 1962-07-25 | 1967-02-08 | S & S Goolnik Ltd | Improvements relating to cartons and blanks therefor |
CH558279A (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1975-01-31 | Schick Andre | PRODUCT PRESENTATION BOX. |
US4470538A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1984-09-11 | Container Corporation Of America | Carton with common tray-cover components |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE9115842U1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1992-02-20 | Koch, Herbert, 5600 Wuppertal, De | |
US5341983A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-08-30 | Mcgrath Stephen E | Locking join for boxes |
US5398868A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-03-21 | Densen; Mark S. | Foldable knock-down storage box with detachable hingeable cover |
GB2291404A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-24 | Petrushkin Limited M | Box |
GB2394943A (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2004-05-12 | Alpha Airport Holdings | Container having foldable walls for stacking on a rack |
CN102009771A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-04-13 | 亚龙纸制品(昆山)有限公司 | Square food box |
CN102009771B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-11-14 | 亚龙纸制品(昆山)有限公司 | Square food box |
GB2504266A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-29 | Linpac Allibert Ltd | A container for the transportation and displaying of a product |
GB2504266B (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2017-05-10 | Linpac Allibert Ltd | Display system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0369948B1 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
ATE94826T1 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
DE68909372D1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
DE68909372T2 (en) | 1994-04-07 |
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