EP0369692B1 - Water based functional fluids - Google Patents

Water based functional fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0369692B1
EP0369692B1 EP89311655A EP89311655A EP0369692B1 EP 0369692 B1 EP0369692 B1 EP 0369692B1 EP 89311655 A EP89311655 A EP 89311655A EP 89311655 A EP89311655 A EP 89311655A EP 0369692 B1 EP0369692 B1 EP 0369692B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
fluid
glycol
diepoxide
functional fluid
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89311655A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0369692A1 (en
Inventor
James Neville Gardiner Bp Chemicals Ltd. Faulks
John Robert Hythe Chemicals Limited Moxey
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BASF UK Ltd
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BP Chemicals Ltd
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Priority to AT89311655T priority Critical patent/ATE89598T1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/08—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/28—Polyoxyalkylenes of alkylene oxides containing 2 carbon atoms only
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/30—Polyoxyalkylenes of alkylene oxides containing 3 carbon atoms only
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/34—Polyoxyalkylenes of two or more specified different types
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
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    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
    • C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
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    • C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2221/043—Polyoxyalkylene ethers with a thioether group
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of water based functional fluids which can be used for example as hydraulic fluids, lubricants, drilling or cutting fluids.
  • Functional fluids based upon mixtures of water and polyether glycols are well known and are used in a wide variety of applications eg as cutting fluids, hydraulic fluids and the like.
  • Typical formulations of water-based hydraulic fluids (known as HF-C fluids) comprise approximately 15-30% of a high-viscosity polyether glycol, and 35-45% water, with the balance (up to 50%) being simple glycol and small amounts of additives known to the skilled man.
  • these hydraulic fluids typically have a viscosity of 32-68 cSt at 40°C.
  • HWBFs High Water Based Fluids
  • HWBFs high-water-based fluids
  • US 3538033 discloses a family of polyether derivatives of diepoxides which can be used as thickeners in textile printing emulsions, cosmetic emulsions, aqueous pigment suspensions and the like.
  • GB 1182448 discloses thickening agents for use in textile printing emulsions and cosmetic emulsions. These thickening agents are made by preparing an adduct of at least 20 mols of an alkylene oxide and one mole of a starter such as a monohydric aliphatic alcohol and reacting the adduct with a diepoxide compound.
  • US 4390440 discloses water or water/glycol based hydraulic fluids containing a thickening agent.
  • thickening agents are prepared by reacting a starter molecule, one or more alkylene oxides and a monoepoxide.
  • the problem to be solved is therefore to produce functional fluids, suitable for the applications described above, which have good permanent and temporary shear stability, contain low concentrations of the associative thickeners, have good resistance to water loss in terms of viscosity change, have good apparent viscosity indices, and which maintain hydrodynamic lubrication under high shear conditions.
  • a functional fluid composition for use as a hydraulic fluid, lubricant, a cutting fluid or a drilling fluid which comprises
  • the present invention solves the problem defined above by employing a thickening agent of the type defined in US 3538033 in the applications described above, together with the formulation technology which is detailed below.
  • the water component of the composition comprises between 36 and 95% of the functional fluid most preferably between 45 and 80%.
  • the glycol this can be in principle any glycol which is miscible with water and includes monoethylene glycol and monopropylene glycol and low molecular weight oligomers thereof (ie having up to 6 ethylene and/or propylene glycol units).
  • the glycol is selected from monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. It is preferred that the glycol comprises between 20 and 60% of the functional fluid.
  • the first stage of preparing the thickening agent involves reacting the monofunctional active hydrogen containing compound with one or more alkylene oxides.
  • 'active-hydrogen-containing compound' is meant one which contains hydrogen measurable by the Zerewitinoff active hydrogen test.
  • Such compounds include alcohols, phenols, thiois, fatty acids and amines.
  • the preferred compounds are C16 to C20 monohydric alcohol or thiols, C16 to C20 alkyl phenols and C16 to C20 aliphatic amines.
  • the active hydrogen containing compound is alkoxylated with one or more alkylene oxides using either a base or a Lewis acid as a catalyst.
  • the alkylene oxide is one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or the isomers of butylene oxide.
  • 20 and 400 moles of the alkylene oxide are added to the active hydrogen containing compound of which 20 to 100 mole % (most preferably 65 to 85 mole %) is ethylene oxide and 0 to 80% (most preferably 15 to 35%) is propylene and/or butylene oxide.
  • the diepoxide can in principle be any organic compound having two epoxide groupings. Suitable diepoxides are those having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms and include vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, bisphenol A/epichlorohydrin condensate and the like. It is preferred to use the diepoxide in amounts such that the molar ratio of epoxide groups to hydroxyl groups (in the product of stage 1) is in the range 0.2 to 1 to 5 to 1.
  • the second stage of the process can also be catalysed by either a base or a Lewis acid.
  • the thickening agent comprises between 2 and 10% by weight of the functional fluid composition. It is also preferred that the thickener itself should have a neat viscosity in excess of 4000 cSt at 40°C.
  • these are typically metal or amine salts of organo sulphur, phosphorus or boron derivatives, or carboxylic acids.
  • these include salts of C1 to C22 carboxylic acids, aliphatic or aromatic; sulphur acids such as aromatic sulphonic acids, phosphorus acids, for example acid phosphate esters and analogous sulphur compounds, eg thiophosphoric and dithiophosphoric acid.
  • sulphur acids such as aromatic sulphonic acids, phosphorus acids, for example acid phosphate esters and analogous sulphur compounds, eg thiophosphoric and dithiophosphoric acid.
  • Many further antiwear agents are suitable, and known to the skilled man.
  • Inhibitors for corrosion of metals can be organic or inorganic, for example metal nitrites, hydroxyamines, neutralised fatty acid carboxylates, phosphates, sarcosines and succinimides etc. Most useful are amines such as alkanolamines, e.g. ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. Non-ferrous metal inhibitors include for example aromatic triazoles.
  • a surfactant as a co-thickening agent, which may be non-ionic, cationic, anionic or amphoteric.
  • suitable surfactants include linear alcohol alkoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates. fatty acid soaps, amine oxides etc. Most preferred are linear secondary alcohol alkoxylates, eg those commercially available from BP Chemicals under the registered trade mark Softanol.
  • the surfactants behave synergistically with the associative thickener, such that a given viscosity can be achieved with a lower total thickener content of the blend compared to use of the associative thickener alone.
  • the functional fluid composition may also contain optional components such as extreme pressure additives, antifoams, antimicrobials and the like which are well known to the skilled man. It is also possible to add further known thickening agents and co-thickening agents if desired.
  • the functional fluid compositions of the present invention may be prepared by mixing the four main components and any additional materials which are required in a vessel of suitable size.
  • the problem of temporary shear is also addressed, by use of associative thickeners of the present invention with high inherent polymer viscosity (eg greater than 20,000 cSt at 40°C).
  • high inherent polymer viscosity eg greater than 20,000 cSt at 40°C.
  • thickening achieved by association is lost when the fluids shear temporarily.
  • the viscosity of the fluid is maintained at an intermediate level by the normal thickening of a high viscosity polymer, typically to a level of 10-20 cSt at 50°C. This limits the loss of pump efficiency, and ensures that hydrodynamic lubricity is retained.
  • This approach also enhances the characteristics of the fluid concerning viscosity change on water loss and viscosity index.
  • the functional fluid compositions of the present invention are particularily useful as hydraulic fluids in piston, gear or vane hydraulic pumps, motors and general hydraulic systems, eg hydraulic rams, robots and the like.
  • a commercial sample of oleyl/cetyl alcohol (85/15) was catalysed with potassium hydroxide (0.3% by weight on the target alkoxylate), dried, and reacted with a 70/30 (weight/weight) mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide at 115-125°C to produce an alkoxylate having an experimentally determined molecular weight of 6000 (by hydroxyl determination).
  • a commercial sample of oleyl/cetyl alcohol (85/15) was reacted in the manner described in example 1 with an 75/25 mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to produce an intermediate having a molecular weight of 2950, then with further ethylene oxide to produce an alkoxylate having a molecular weight of 3100.
  • Dodecan-1-ol, Tetradecan-1-ol, Hexadeca-1-ol and Octadecan-1-ol were reacted under base catalysis with 80/20 blends of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide to produce alkoxylates having molecular weights of 6000. 200 grams of each alkoxylate was reacted with 9.4 grams of vinylcyclohexene diepoxide in the manner described for example 3 to yield four associative thickeners. The products were used to provide a comparison of solution viscosity versus hydrophobe chain length.
  • the thickener (8%) from example 1 was formulated into a hydraulic fluid of 46 cSt at 40°C containing water (36%), diethylene glycol (50%), a fatty acid and morpholine. This was subjected to a four ball test (IP239) at 40 kg for 1h, and gave a wear scar of 0.56 mm, a result similar to that of a similarly formulated hydraulic fluid using 15% of a conventional polyglycol thickener.
  • the thickener from example 4 was formulated at a level of 8% into a hydraulic fluid containing 30% diethylene glycol and 58% water, the balance being an antiwear and anticorrosion package.
  • the said hydraulic fluid was circulated over 24 hours in a 7 kW Vickers PFB-5 axial piston pump at 50°C and 170 bar.
  • the flow rate which can be directly related to the fluid viscosity, was monitored to indicate viscosity in the high shear regions of the pump.
  • the said hydraulic fluid was compared to a similar hydraulic fluid containing only 10% diethylene glycol and 80% water, and with a further hydraulic fluid, based on a commercially available, low-viscosity, associative thickener, a fatty alcohol ethoxylate capped with an olefin epoxide, and containing no diethylene glycol.
  • the thickener from example 1 (6.2%) and a 5 mole ethoxylate of a linear secondary C-12/14 alcohol (1.55%) (Softanol 50 - ex BP Chemicals) were blended with diethylene glycol (40%) and water (50%), the balance consisting of functional antiwear, anticorrosion and antifoam agents (2.25%) to give a hydraulic fluid of 45.5 cSt @ 40°C.
  • the following data were determined.
  • the thickener from example 2 (5.0%) and a 12 mole ethoxylate of a linear, secondary, C12/14 alcohol (1.25%) were blended with diethylene glycol (20%) and water (70%), the balance consisting of antiwear, anticorrosion and antifoam agents (3.75%) to give a hydraulic fluid of 46.1 cSt @ 40°C.
  • the following data were determined.
  • Fluid 1 contained 6.0 percent of thickener from example 2, 4.0 percent of a 12 mole ethoxylate of a C-12/14 linear secondary alcohol, 10 percent diethylene glycol and 80 percent water.
  • Fluid 2 contained 10.0 percent thickener from example 2, 10 percent diethylene glycol and 80 percent water.
  • the presence of surfactant in fluid 1 and reduced thickener requirement results in a significantly lower viscosity fluid at 20°C than observed for fluid 2, demonstrating that the apparent viscosity index of fluid 1 is higher than that for fluid 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
EP89311655A 1988-11-17 1989-11-10 Water based functional fluids Expired - Lifetime EP0369692B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89311655T ATE89598T1 (de) 1988-11-17 1989-11-10 Waessrige funktionelle fluessigkeiten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8826857 1988-11-17
GB888826857A GB8826857D0 (en) 1988-11-17 1988-11-17 Water based functional fluids

Publications (2)

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EP0369692A1 EP0369692A1 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0369692B1 true EP0369692B1 (en) 1993-05-19

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EP (1) EP0369692B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2839918B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE89598T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU620661B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2002813C (ja)
CS (1) CS276771B6 (ja)
DE (1) DE68906653T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK573989A (ja)
ES (1) ES2055100T3 (ja)
FI (1) FI101398B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB8826857D0 (ja)
NO (1) NO179076C (ja)
ZA (1) ZA898754B (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6080704A (en) * 1997-03-11 2000-06-27 Halliday; William S. Glycols as gas hydrate inhibitors in drilling, drill-in, and completion fluids

Families Citing this family (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4438709A1 (de) * 1994-09-15 1996-03-21 Helmut Lehmer Gmbh Stahl Und M Mechanisch-Hyraulischer Aufzug
US6635604B1 (en) 1999-02-11 2003-10-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Low molecular weight water soluble organic compounds as crystallization point suppressants in brines
TWI252249B (en) * 1999-11-12 2006-04-01 Yasuo Fukutani Rust preventive
FI112950B (fi) * 1999-12-02 2004-02-13 Kemira Oyj Muurahaishapon suolojen ja niiden vesiliuosten käyttö hydrauliikkaväliaineena ja -väliaineessa
WO2002010321A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2002-02-07 Corning Incorporated High performance cutting fluids for glassy, crystalline, or aggregate materials
JP4863152B2 (ja) * 2003-07-31 2012-01-25 日産自動車株式会社 歯車
EP1841569A1 (en) 2005-01-24 2007-10-10 Abb Ab Industrial robot lubricated with a polyglycol-based lubricant
JP2006265345A (ja) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd 船舶軸受け推進器用潤滑油
JP5698147B2 (ja) * 2008-12-20 2015-04-08 キャボット マイクロエレクトロニクス コーポレイション ワイヤーソー切断のための切断用流体組成物
SG172286A1 (en) * 2008-12-20 2011-07-28 Cabot Microelectronics Corp Wiresaw cutting method
CN101575551B (zh) * 2009-06-11 2013-04-24 柳瑜 一种水基切削液
JP6239994B2 (ja) * 2014-02-07 2017-11-29 ユシロ化学工業株式会社 難燃性作動液組成物
GB201819834D0 (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-01-23 Castrol Ltd Metalworking fluids and methods for using the same
CN112063440A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2020-12-11 山东奥瑞特矿业科技股份有限公司 一种高性能的环保型液压支架用防冻液及制备方法

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US3538033A (en) * 1966-08-19 1970-11-03 Kao Corp Polyoxyalkylene derivatives of diepoxides
US4312775A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-01-26 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Polyether thickeners for aqueous systems containing additives for increased thickening efficiency
US4481125A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-11-06 E.F. Houghton & Co. Water-based hydraulic fluid
US4491526A (en) * 1983-04-04 1985-01-01 Basf Wyandotte Corporation Thickened, water-based hydraulic fluid with reduced dependence of viscosity on temperature
US4767555A (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-08-30 Texaco Inc. Hydrophobic epoxide modified polyoxyalkylene diamines and thickened aqueous fluids

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6080704A (en) * 1997-03-11 2000-06-27 Halliday; William S. Glycols as gas hydrate inhibitors in drilling, drill-in, and completion fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS276771B6 (en) 1992-08-12
FI895489A0 (fi) 1989-11-17
CA2002813C (en) 2000-07-11
ATE89598T1 (de) 1993-06-15
CS8906492A2 (en) 1991-11-12
DK573989D0 (da) 1989-11-16
EP0369692A1 (en) 1990-05-23
ZA898754B (en) 1991-07-31
AU4471789A (en) 1990-05-24
JP2839918B2 (ja) 1998-12-24
CA2002813A1 (en) 1990-05-17
JPH02189393A (ja) 1990-07-25
NO894533D0 (no) 1989-11-14
DK573989A (da) 1990-05-18
NO179076C (no) 1996-07-31
GB8826857D0 (en) 1988-12-21
FI101398B (fi) 1998-06-15
ES2055100T3 (es) 1994-08-16
FI101398B1 (fi) 1998-06-15
DE68906653T2 (de) 1993-09-02
AU620661B2 (en) 1992-02-20
NO894533L (no) 1990-05-18
NO179076B (no) 1996-04-22
DE68906653D1 (de) 1993-06-24

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