EP0367938B1 - Method for making a yarn, particularly a sewing yarn, and yarn so obtained - Google Patents

Method for making a yarn, particularly a sewing yarn, and yarn so obtained Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0367938B1
EP0367938B1 EP89116516A EP89116516A EP0367938B1 EP 0367938 B1 EP0367938 B1 EP 0367938B1 EP 89116516 A EP89116516 A EP 89116516A EP 89116516 A EP89116516 A EP 89116516A EP 0367938 B1 EP0367938 B1 EP 0367938B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
process according
dtex
component
multifilament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116516A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0367938A3 (en
EP0367938A2 (en
Inventor
Karl Dipl.-Ing. Greifeneder
Kurt Dipl.-Ing. Truckenmüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amann and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Amann and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amann and Soehne GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Amann and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT89116516T priority Critical patent/ATE74974T1/en
Priority to EP91112663A priority patent/EP0463635B1/en
Publication of EP0367938A2 publication Critical patent/EP0367938A2/en
Publication of EP0367938A3 publication Critical patent/EP0367938A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0367938B1 publication Critical patent/EP0367938B1/en
Priority to HK106892A priority patent/HK106892A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/164Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam in the presence of a liquid, e.g. a crimp finish
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/165Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam characterised by the use of certain filaments or yarns
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/46Sewing-cottons or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a yarn, in particular a sewing thread, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a yarn produced by this method.
  • a number of methods are known for producing yarns by intermingling two yarn components.
  • US-A-40 80 777 describes such a intermingling process for the production of yarns which, viewed over their yarn length, have a different titer due to the alternating presence of thick and thin places.
  • draw-textured yarns or yarns are used as starting materials which are drawn over corresponding pairs of godets immediately before the intermingling.
  • US-A-46 15 167 describes a method for producing a sewing thread, wherein a first thread component serving as a core is provided with a second yarn component used as the effect material are swirled in a nozzle with the aid of a fluid stream.
  • a pre-oriented yarn (POY yarn) is used as the first yarn component, which is pre-drawn using a heated pin before intermingling with the second yarn component.
  • POY yarn a pre-oriented yarn
  • US Pat. No. 4,615,167 proposes to also pre-stretch the second yarn component used as the effect material by means of a corresponding heated pin.
  • EP-A-00 57 583 and the corresponding US-A-44 97 099 also describe a process for producing a swirled yarn.
  • EP-A-46 15 167 proposes at least one pre-drawing of the first yarn component at a drawing ratio which is greater than the drawing ratio recommended for the material used in each case. This is intended to ensure that the loops which form when they are intermingled and cross themselves over themselves are contracted during a subsequent thermal aftertreatment to form a non-crimped, compact yarn.
  • EP-A-0295 601 requires a precise setting of the parameters influencing the yarn loss on the drawing device and a control thereof. These requirements, i.e. the special stretching device as well as its adjustment and control are not necessarily given everywhere.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a method of the type specified, by means of which yarns, in particular sewing yarns, having a high strength are particularly easy to produce.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the basic idea of using at least one multifilament yarn as the first yarn component for the production of the yarn, in particular the sewing yarn, which has inherently high strength as the starting material. It is therefore proposed in the method according to the invention to use at least one multifilament yarn as the starting material for the first yarn component, the specific strength of which is between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex and not to pre-stretch this multifilament yarn before intermingling with the second yarn component.
  • the method according to the invention has a number of advantages. For example, it is possible to use a very small amount of mechanical effort to make a thread, in particular sewing thread, to produce, which has excellent properties.
  • the sewing thread thus produced has absolute strengths between approximately 1300 cN and approximately 5500 cN, the corresponding specific strengths varying between approximately 40 cN / tex and approximately 60 cN / tex.
  • the specific strength is defined as the force per titer (cN / tex).
  • These strengths mentioned above mean that the yarn shows no yarn or capillary breaks during further processing, in particular a sewing thread produced by the method according to the invention when sewing, even under extreme loads.
  • the yarn produced by the process according to the invention also has excellent residual shrinkage values, for example the free thermal shrinkage at 160 ° of a dyed yarn between about 0.3% and about 1.5% and the cooking shrinkage of the same yarn below about 1.0%.
  • the first yarn component is usually fed with an advance of the intermingling. This ensures that the yarn produced has a certain volume or a certain crimp, whereby further advantages are achieved. It was found that a certain volume of yarn in the interstices between the individual filaments includes a certain amount of air, which is pressed out when the yarn is deflected, for example on deflecting elements or in the case of a sewing thread in the area of the sewing needle, thereby cooling the deflecting elements or the sewing needle is brought about. This in turn improves the processing properties. Usually the first yarn component with an advance between 1% to 9% is preferred between 2% and 5% fed to the swirling step.
  • the easiest way to achieve this is to feed the first yarn component to the intermingling step via appropriate delivery units, the delivery unit speed being between 1% and 9%, preferably between 2% and 5%, relative to the speed of the take-off unit which transports the intermingled yarn. is higher.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the first yarn component is wetted with a liquid before the intermingling. If particles are also added to this liquid, as described in German patent application DE-A-38 16 318 by the same applicant, the turbulence can be intensified. This leads to the yarn composite thus formed being particularly stable.
  • the second yarn component with lead is usually also fed to the intermingling step.
  • the volume and the number of loops or loops formed in the intermingled yarn produced can hereby be varied, which in particular has a decisive influence on the previously described air storage capacity of the interlaced yarns and thus also on the processing properties.
  • the second yarn component is usually fed to the intermingling step with an advance of between 14% and 35%, preferably between 20% and 30%.
  • a sewing thread showed particularly good results in industrial sewing tests in which the first yarn component with an advance between 3% and 4% and the second yarn component with an advance between 24% and 26% was fed to the intermingling step. This sewing thread showed no thread or capillary breakage even in long-term use, even under extreme stress, ie a stitch density of 7000 stitches per minute.
  • any starting material can be used as the second yarn component in the method according to the invention.
  • one or more, in particular one to four, multifilament yarns or multifilament yarns are preferably used for this purpose, which are conventional textile standard yarns.
  • Good results with regard to the properties of the yarns produced by the process according to the invention are obtained if pre-oriented yarns (POY yarns) are used as the second yarn component and these pre-oriented yarns are pre-drawn before the intermingling step.
  • This pre-stretching can be carried out, for example, in the known manner using a heated pin. Pen temperatures that vary between 110 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 140 ° C, have proven to be particularly good.
  • the second yarn component is preferably drawn in a ratio which is 2% to 40%, preferably 10% to 25%, below the value at which the yarn in question breaks or breaks capillary breaks occur.
  • a particularly suitable variant of the method which takes into account the above-described problem of different dyeing of the first yarn component relative to the second yarn component to a particular extent and nevertheless enables the production of high-strength yarns, provides that the individual titers of the filaments of the first yarn component and the individual titers of the filaments the second yarn component matches each other.
  • the first and second yarn components dye evenly with regard to the color tone and depth of color if filaments with a single titer between 2 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably between 2.5 dtex and 4, are used for the first yarn component dtex, and for the second yarn component filaments with a single titer between 0.8 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably between 1 dtex and 4 dtex. It is particularly surprising here that the intermingled yarns are dyed uniformly regardless of the material incorporated as the first and second yarn component, these materials always being the same fiber substrate, i.e. polyester fiber, polypropylene or polyamide fiber, of course.
  • swirled yarns the first component of which are multifilament yarns
  • pre-drawn POY yarns and / or high-strength yarns with the have the aforementioned strengths, always evenly if one has taken into account the above-mentioned coordination of the individual titers of the filaments in both yarn components.
  • a non-matted multifilament thread or a plurality of non-matted multifilament threads are used in particular as the second thread component.
  • the sewing properties are further improved compared to a thread which has a matted multifilament thread or matted multifilament threads as the second thread component.
  • B. expresses in a reduced warming of the sewing needle.
  • Such a yarn, which has non-matted filaments as the second yarn component can also be produced at a higher speed by the method according to the invention.
  • the mass ratio of the first yarn component relative to the second yarn component is determined in the method according to the invention.
  • This mass ratio of the first yarn component to the second yarn component can usually be between 90%: 10% to 50%: 50%, preferably between 85%: 15% to 70%: 30%.
  • yarns, in particular sewing threads can be produced particularly well.
  • At least one multifilament yarn is selected for the first yarn component, the strength of which varies between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex.
  • the viscosimetrically determined molecular weight is measured for polyester fibers according to SNV 19 55 91 or for polyamide fibers according to SNV 95 590 or DIN 53 728.
  • other high-strength multifilament yarns can also be used in the method according to the invention, provided that they have the specific strengths mentioned above.
  • the selection of the first yarn component depends on the desired final titer of the intermingled yarn and the desired properties.
  • a multifilament material is usually used for this, the total titre of which varies between 100 dtex and 1000 dtex, preferably between 100 dtex and 600 dtex.
  • the selection of the number of filaments depends on the desired properties in the method according to the invention. So it was found in the area of sewing threads that the inventive Processes with excellent yarns can be produced if a yarn material is used for this as the first yarn component, the number of filaments of which is between 16 and 300, preferably between 24 and 96.
  • the intermingled yarn is wound up under low tension and is then available as finished yarn for further processing. It is also possible to dye the intermingled yarn after the intermingling step, in which case the intermingled yarn is expediently wound directly onto corresponding dye tubes directly after the intermingling step.
  • the subsequent dyeing process in particular with HT dyeing at about 130 ° C., the yarn shrinks by about 2 to 3%, which leads to a reduction in the diameter of the self-intersecting loops or loops, without these being pulled together in knots .
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that after the intermingling step and before winding, the yarn thus produced is subjected to a tension treatment.
  • the diameters of the self-intersecting loops and loops formed during swirling are preferably reduced to such an extent that they are reduced by 20% to 95% with respect to their original diameter. It is expressly to be emphasized that, however, this should prevent the loops and loops from contracting into knots, since otherwise the later processing properties of a such yarns, especially a sewing thread, deteriorate. It was thus found that the loops or loops, which are smaller in diameter, bring about very good yarn cohesion, which is desirable in particular because of the high demands placed on a sewing thread during processing.
  • such a sewing thread still has a certain volume, so that air is enclosed within the thread, which is pressed out during sewing thread, in particular when the thread is deflected on thread guide elements or the needle. This in turn causes cooling of the deflection members or the needle, so that no yarn breaks occur with such a yarn, which is not the case with a comparison yarn in which the loops are drawn together like knots.
  • the yarn is fed to the tension treatment at a rate which is between 0.1% and 5%, in particular between 0.1% and 2.5%, less than the rate at which the yarn is withdrawn from the tension treatment.
  • the speed differences mentioned above depend on the one hand on the desired reduction in the diameter of the self-crossing loops and loops and on the other hand on the respectively selected advance of the first and second yarn components.
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that in addition to the stress treatment or instead of the stress treatment, a thermal Treatment is carried out before winding the entangled yarn, the temperature of the thermal treatment varies between 100 ° C and 250 ° C, in particular between 180 ° C and 230 ° C.
  • a thermal Treatment similar to the previously described tension treatment taking place at room temperature, results in a reduction in the diameter of the crossing loops and loops, which includes the advantages already set out, in particular in the case of a sewing thread.
  • the thermal shrinkage values of the intermingled yarn are reduced by a thermal treatment, which is furthermore positively expressed when the yarn is subsequently used in the processed state.
  • This thermal treatment is usually carried out with residence times between 0.01 s and 10 s, preferably between 0.05 s and 1 s.
  • tension in the thermal treatment it should be noted that this is carried out without tension or preferably with a certain advance, so that the intermingled yarn treated in this way can shrink.
  • the yarn is fed at speeds of thermal treatment which are 0.1% to 10%, in particular 2% to 4%, higher than the take-off speeds. This prevents undesirable tensions from being frozen in the yarn, which are disadvantageously noticeable in later use, for example in the case of a sewing thread by bolting the seams.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the intermingled yarn is twisted.
  • the yarn can be twisted between 10 rotations per m and 800 rotations per m, preferably between 100 rotations per m and 600 rotations per m.
  • Such twisting of the yarn can be carried out as an integrated step in one of the methods described above before winding the yarn. In many cases, however, it is better to twist the yarn in a separate step after winding, since otherwise the production speed would have to depend on the relatively slow twisting.
  • a single multifilament thread is used for the first thread component, which has the abovementioned single titer range, the number of filaments and a specific strength between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex has.
  • This multifilament yarn is interwoven with the above-mentioned leads with a second multifilament yarn as the second yarn component, the second yarn component having the single-titer range already mentioned above and being fed to the interlacing step with the aforementioned lead.
  • the intermingled yarn thus produced is then drawn at room temperature under the abovementioned conditions and then transferred to a thermal treatment, the abovementioned temperatures, tensions and residence times being used. Then you wind up the sewing thread thus produced and twist, dye and / or finish it afterwards.
  • a yarn designated as 1 in the electron scanning microscope photo, which is a sewing yarn, has a core material 2 as the first yarn component, which is a multifilament yarn.
  • the core material 2 is interwoven with a second yarn component 3, which is also usually referred to as fancy yarn component or fancy yarn.
  • the fancy yarn component 3 consists of a multifilament yarn.
  • the fancy yarn component 3 is predominantly arranged in the outer region of the yarn 1 and forms loops 4 or loops 5 that intersect with one another in relation to the core material 2, which mainly extends in a straight line in the axial direction.
  • the self-crossing loops have 4 different loop diameters, but are not knot-like.
  • a multi-filament yarn is used as core material 2, which has a specific strength of 70 cN / tex, an elementary thread number of 64 and a single titer of about 3.6 dtex.
  • the effect material 3 consists of a pre-oriented yarn 1 Multifilament yarn (POY yarn) that has been drawn over a pin heated to 130 ° C. with a diameter of 70 mm and a pre-drawing ratio of 1: 1.7 and has a single filament number of 24, the single filament titer being about 3.4 dtex.
  • the total titer of yarn 1 after swirling is about 300 dtex.
  • the absolute strength of yarn 1 is 1300 cN.
  • the loops 4 and loops 5 protruding from the yarn were measured from the yarn shown.
  • the yarn was transported perpendicular to a bundled light beam, which was generated by an appropriate light source.
  • the light source was arranged in a plane opposite a photo cell, so that the interruption of the light beam caused by a loop 4 or loop 5 was detected by the photo cell and added accordingly.
  • This measurement was carried out at a distance of the light beam from the yarn of 0.5 mm and 1 mm. With a distance of the light beam of 0.5 mm above the yarn, 160 interruptions per m and at a distance of 1 mm 18 interruptions per m were measured.
  • the yarns were rinsed twice cold and hot and then dried conventionally.
  • the dyeing liquors were adjusted to pH 4.5 by adding acetic acid and sodium acetate. Furthermore, all liquors had 0.5 g / l of a dispersing / leveling agent (Lewegal HTN, Bayer). The following dye combinations were used:
  • First yarn component A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 65 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 4.8 dtex.
  • Second yarn component a multifilament yarn of a standard textile type with a single filament titer of about 3 dtex.
  • First yarn component As for yarn 1.
  • Second yarn component A multifilament yarn of a pre-oriented (POY) fiber, which is pre-drawn at a pre-drawing ratio of 1: 1.7 via a 130 ° C hot pin with a diameter of 70 mm, single-filament titer 3 dtex.
  • POY pre-oriented
  • First yarn component As for yarn 1 and 2.
  • Second yarn component A multifilament yarn like yarn 2 pre-drawn, but with a single filament titer of about 1.5 dtex.
  • First yarn component A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 70 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 2.8 dtex.
  • Second yarn component a multifilament yarn of a textile standard material with a single filament titer of approximately 1.2 dtex.
  • First yarn component Like yarn 4.
  • Second yarn component Like yarn 3.
  • First and second yarn components each a multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 68 cN / tex, single filament titer of the first yarn component: 5 dtex, single filament titer of the second yarn component: 1.2 dtex.
  • First yarn component A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 62 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 5.5 dtex.
  • Second yarn component A textile standard multifilament yarn with a single filament titer of about 5.5 dtex.
  • Yarn 7 showed clear color and depth differences, so that despite the same single filament titer, this yarn is not suitable because of the upcoming color differences.

Abstract

In mfg. a yarn, or partic. sewing thread, using a multifilament core and a second cladding material which is in intersecting loops around the core, the core is multifilament(s) with a strength of 60-75 cN/tex and is passed directly to the fluid eddy stage for cladding without preliminary drawing. Pref. the core component, satd. with a fluid, is subjected to eddies with a forward slip of 1-9%, while the cladding yarn component is passed to the eddy cladding stage with a forward slip of 14-35% (20-30%). The pref. cladding yarn component is a preoriented multifilament POY, given an initial drawing round pref. a heated pin before eddying, using a pin temp. of 110-150 deg.C (120-140 deg.C). The preorientation gives a drawing ratio of 2-40% (10-25). The specific strength of the cladding yarn component is pref. 20-75 cN/tex, and esp. 30-45 cN/tex or 60-75 cN/tex. For effective dyeing, the titre of the filaments in the core is 2-5 dtex (2.5-4.0 dtex), and the cladding filaments are 0.8-5.0 dtex (1-4 dtex). An unmatted multifilament is pref. for the cladding. The ratio of the mass of the core to the cladding is 90:10-50:50 (85:15-70:30). The pref. viscosimetric determd. mol.wt. is greater than that of a standard chemical fibre by 5-50% (by 10-25%). The multifilament core of 16-300 filaments (24-96), has a combined titre of 100-1000 dtex (100-600 dtex).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Garnes, insbesondere eines Nähgarnes, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein nach diesem Verfahren herstelltes Garn.The present invention relates to a method for producing a yarn, in particular a sewing thread, with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a yarn produced by this method.

Es ist eine Reihe von Verfahren bekannt, um Garne durch Verwirbeln von zwei Garnkomponenten herzustellen.A number of methods are known for producing yarns by intermingling two yarn components.

So beschreibt beispielsweise die US-A-40 80 777 ein derartiges Verwirbelungsverfahren zur Herstellung von Garnen, die über ihre Garnlänge gesehen einen unterschiedlichen Titer infolge des abwechselnden Vorhandenseins von Dick- und Dünnstellen aufweisen. Als Ausgangsmaterialien werden bei dem bekannten Verfahren strecktexturierte Garne oder solche Garne eingesetzt, die unmittelbar vor dem Verwirbeln über entsprechende Galettenpaare verstreckt werden.For example, US-A-40 80 777 describes such a intermingling process for the production of yarns which, viewed over their yarn length, have a different titer due to the alternating presence of thick and thin places. In the known method, draw-textured yarns or yarns are used as starting materials which are drawn over corresponding pairs of godets immediately before the intermingling.

Die US-A-46 15 167 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nähgarnes, wobei eine als Seele dienende erste Garnkomponente mit einer als Effektmaterial verwendeten zweiten Garnkomponente in einer Düse mit Hilfe eines Fluidstromes verwirbelt werden.US-A-46 15 167 describes a method for producing a sewing thread, wherein a first thread component serving as a core is provided with a second yarn component used as the effect material are swirled in a nozzle with the aid of a fluid stream.

Hierbei wird als erste Garnkömponente ein vororientiertes Garn (POY-Garn) eingesetzt, das vor dem Verwirbeln mit der zweiten Garnkomponente über einen geheizten Stift vorverstreckt wird. Um hierbei eine gleichmäßige Anfärbung der beiden Garnkomponenten zu erreichen, schlägt die US-A-46 15 167 vor, die als Effektmaterial verwendete zweite Garnkomponente ebenfalls über einen entsprechenden geheizten Stift vorzuverstrecken.In this case, a pre-oriented yarn (POY yarn) is used as the first yarn component, which is pre-drawn using a heated pin before intermingling with the second yarn component. In order to achieve a uniform dyeing of the two yarn components, US Pat. No. 4,615,167 proposes to also pre-stretch the second yarn component used as the effect material by means of a corresponding heated pin.

Die EP-A-00 57 583 bzw. die hierzu korrespondierende US-A-44 97 099 beschreiben ebenfalls ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verwirbelten Garnes. Im Unterschied zu der US-A-46 15 167 schlägt die EP-A-00 57 583 mindestens eine Vorverstreckung der ersten Garnkomponente bei einem Verstreckungsverhältnis vor, das größer ist als das für das jeweils verwendete Material empfohlene Verstreckungsverhältnis. Hierdurch soll erreicht werden, daß sich die beim Verwirbeln bildenden, sich selbst überkreuzenden Schlaufen bei einer anschließenden thermischen Nachbehandlung unter Ausbildung eines nicht gekräuselten, kompakten Garnes zusammengezogen werden.EP-A-00 57 583 and the corresponding US-A-44 97 099 also describe a process for producing a swirled yarn. In contrast to US-A-46 15 167 EP-A-00 57 583 proposes at least one pre-drawing of the first yarn component at a drawing ratio which is greater than the drawing ratio recommended for the material used in each case. This is intended to ensure that the loops which form when they are intermingled and cross themselves over themselves are contracted during a subsequent thermal aftertreatment to form a non-crimped, compact yarn.

Ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1 wird im der vorangemeldeten. nach veröffentlichten EP-A-0295 601 beschrieben, die auf denselben Anmelder wie die vorliegende Erfindung zurückgeht. Hierbei offenbart diese europäische Patentanmeldung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hochfesten Nähgarnes, wobei dieses Nähgarn als Seelenmaterial eine erste Garnkomponente und eine damit als Effektmaterial verwirbelte zweite Garnkomponente aufweist. Als Material für die erste Garnkomponente schlägt die zuvor genannte europäische Patentanmeldung die Verwendung eines vororientierten Garnes (POY-Garn) vor, wobei durch Anwendung eines speziellen Vorverstreckungsverfahrens die spezifische Festigkeit des Seelenmaterials vergrößert wird. Auch sind in dieser europäischen Patentanmeldung erstmals spezifische Festigkeitsdaten von Seelenmaterialien aufgeführt, die nach den bekannten Verfahren, beispielsweise nach Verfahren gemäß der zuvorgenannten US-A-46 15 167 oder EP-A-00 57 583, vorverstreckt sind. Hierbei liegen die spezifischen Festigkeiten dieser konventionell vorverstreckten Seelenmaterialien zwischen etwa 30 cN/tex und etwa 40 cN/tex.A method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is in the previously reported. according to published EP-A-0295 601, which goes back to the same applicant as the present invention. This European patent application discloses a method for producing a high-strength sewing thread, this sewing thread having a first thread component as core material and a second thread component interlaced with it as an effect material. The aforementioned European patent application proposes the use of a pre-oriented yarn (POY yarn) as the material for the first yarn component, the specific strength of the core material being increased by using a special pre-stretching process. This European patent application also lists for the first time specific strength data for core materials which are pre-stretched by the known processes, for example by the processes according to the aforementioned US Pat. No. 4,615,167 or EP-A-00 57 583. Here are the specific strengths of these conventionally pre-stretched core materials between about 30 cN / tex and about 40 cN / tex.

Das aus der EP-A-0295 601 bekannte Verfahren erfordert eine genaue Einstellung der den Garnausfall beeinflussenden Parameter an der Verstreckungsvorrichtung sowie eine Kontrolle derselben. Diese Voraussetzungen, d.h. die spezielle Verstreckungseinrichtung sowie deren Einstellung und Kontrolle, sind nicht zwangsläufig überall gegeben.The method known from EP-A-0295 601 requires a precise setting of the parameters influencing the yarn loss on the drawing device and a control thereof. These requirements, i.e. the special stretching device as well as its adjustment and control are not necessarily given everywhere.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der angegebenen Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, durch das Garne, insbesondere Nähgarne, mit einer hohen Festigkeit besonders einfach herstellbar sind.The present invention is based on the object of providing a method of the type specified, by means of which yarns, in particular sewing yarns, having a high strength are particularly easy to produce.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method having the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beruht auf dem Grundgedanken, für die Herstellung des Garnes, insbesondere des Nähgarnes, als erste Garnkomponente mindestens ein Multifilamentgarn einzusetzen, das als Ausgangsmaterial schon von sich aus eine hohe Festigkeit besitzt. Von daher wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgeschlagen, als Ausgangsmaterial für die erste Garnkomponente mindestens ein Multifilamentgarn zu verwenden, dessen spezifische Festigkeit zwischen 60 cN/tex und 75 cN/tex liegt und dieses Multifilamentgarn vor dem Verwirbeln mit der zweiten Garnkomponente nicht vorzuverstrecken.The method according to the invention is based on the basic idea of using at least one multifilament yarn as the first yarn component for the production of the yarn, in particular the sewing yarn, which has inherently high strength as the starting material. It is therefore proposed in the method according to the invention to use at least one multifilament yarn as the starting material for the first yarn component, the specific strength of which is between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex and not to pre-stretch this multifilament yarn before intermingling with the second yarn component.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, mit einem sehr geringen maschinellen Aufwand ein Garn, insbesondere Nähgarn, herzustellen, das ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften besitzt. Abhängig vom jeweils eingesetzten Ausgangsmaterial, d.h. primär vom Ausgangsmaterial der ersten Garnkomponente, besitzt das so hergestellte Nähgarn absolute Festigkeiten zwischen etwa 1300 cN und etwa 5500 cN, wobei die entsprechenden spezifischen Festigkeiten zwischen etwa 40 cN/tex und etwa 60 cN/tex variieren. Hierbei ist die spezifische Festigkeit definiert als Kraft pro Titer (cN/tex). Diese zuvor genannten Festigkeiten führen wiederum dazu, daß das Garn bei der weiteren Verarbeitung, insbesondere ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Nähgarn beim Vernähen, auch bei einer extremen Belastung keine Garn- oder Kapillarbrüche zeigt. Auch besitzt das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Garn ausgezeichnete Restschrumpfwerte, wobei beispielsweise der freie Thermoschrumpf bei 160° eines gefärbten Garnes zwischen etwa 0,3 % und etwa 1,5 % und der Kochschrumpf des gleichen Garnes unter etwa 1,0 % liegen.The method according to the invention has a number of advantages. For example, it is possible to use a very small amount of mechanical effort to make a thread, in particular sewing thread, to produce, which has excellent properties. Depending on the starting material used in each case, ie primarily on the starting material of the first yarn component, the sewing thread thus produced has absolute strengths between approximately 1300 cN and approximately 5500 cN, the corresponding specific strengths varying between approximately 40 cN / tex and approximately 60 cN / tex. The specific strength is defined as the force per titer (cN / tex). These strengths mentioned above in turn mean that the yarn shows no yarn or capillary breaks during further processing, in particular a sewing thread produced by the method according to the invention when sewing, even under extreme loads. The yarn produced by the process according to the invention also has excellent residual shrinkage values, for example the free thermal shrinkage at 160 ° of a dyed yarn between about 0.3% and about 1.5% and the cooking shrinkage of the same yarn below about 1.0%.

Üblicherweise wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die erste Garnkomponente mit einer Voreilung der Verwirbelung zugeführt. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, daß das entstehende Garn ein gewisses Volumen bzw. eine bestimmte Kräuselung aufweist, wodurch weitere Vorteile erzielt werden. So konnte festgestellt werden, daß ein ein bestimmtes Volumen aufweisendes Garn in den zwischen den Einzelfilamenten befindlichen Garnzwischenräumeneine gewisse Luftmenge einschließt, die beim Umlenken des Garnes, beispielsweise an Umlenkorganen oder bei einem Nähgarn im Bereich der Nähnadel, herausgepreßt wird, wodurch eine Kühlung der Umlenkorgane bzw. der Nähnadel herbeigeführt wird. Dies wiederum verbessert die Verarbeitungseigenschaften. Üblicherweise wird die erste Garnkomponente mit einer Voreilung zwischen 1 % bis 9 %, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 % und 5 % dem Verwirbelungsschritt zugeführt. Dies kann am einfachsten dadurch erreicht werden, daß man die erste Garnkomponente über entsprechende Lieferwerke dem Verwirbelungsschritt zuführt, wobei die Lieferwerkgeschwindigkeit relativ zur Geschwindigkeit des Abzugswerkes, das das verwirbelte Garn transportiert, zwischen 1 % bis 9 %, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 % und 5 %, höher ist.In the method according to the invention, the first yarn component is usually fed with an advance of the intermingling. This ensures that the yarn produced has a certain volume or a certain crimp, whereby further advantages are achieved. It was found that a certain volume of yarn in the interstices between the individual filaments includes a certain amount of air, which is pressed out when the yarn is deflected, for example on deflecting elements or in the case of a sewing thread in the area of the sewing needle, thereby cooling the deflecting elements or the sewing needle is brought about. This in turn improves the processing properties. Usually the first yarn component with an advance between 1% to 9% is preferred between 2% and 5% fed to the swirling step. The easiest way to achieve this is to feed the first yarn component to the intermingling step via appropriate delivery units, the delivery unit speed being between 1% and 9%, preferably between 2% and 5%, relative to the speed of the take-off unit which transports the intermingled yarn. is higher.

Um eine besonders intensive Verwirbelung der beiden Garnkomponenten zu erreichen, sieht eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vor, daß die erste Garnkomponente vor der Verwirbelung mit einer Flüssigkeit benetzt wird. Werden zudem noch dieser Flüssigkeit Partikel zugegeben, wie dies in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE-A-38 16 318 desselben Anmelders beschrieben ist, kann die Verwirbelung noch intensiviert werden. Dies führt dazu, daß der so gebildete Garnverbund besonders stabil ist.In order to achieve a particularly intensive intermingling of the two yarn components, a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the first yarn component is wetted with a liquid before the intermingling. If particles are also added to this liquid, as described in German patent application DE-A-38 16 318 by the same applicant, the turbulence can be intensified. This leads to the yarn composite thus formed being particularly stable.

Üblicherweise wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch die zweite Garnkomponente mit Voreilung dem Verwirbelungsschritt zugeführt. Abhängig von der jeweils ausgewählten Voreilung der zweiten Garnkomponente in Abstimmung auf die jeweils ausgewählte Voreilung der ersten Garnkomponente läßt sich hierdurch das Volumen und die Anzahl der gebildeten Schlingen bzw. Schlaufen des hergestellten verwirbelten Garnes variieren, was insbesondere einen entscheidenden Einfluß auf das zuvor beschriebene Luftspeichervermögen des verwirbelten Garnes und damit auch auf die Verarbeitungseigenschaften hat. Üblicherweise wird die zweite Garnkomponente mit einer Voreilung zwischen 14 % und 35 %, vorzugsweise zwischen 20 % und 30 %, dem Verwirbelungsschritt zugeführt. Besonders gute Ergebnisse bei industriell durchgeführten Nähversuchen wies ein Nähgarn auf, bei dem die erste Garnkomponente mit einer Voreilung zwischen 3 % und 4 % und die zweite Garnkomponente mit einer Voreilung zwischen 24 % und 26 % dem Verwirbelungsschritt zugeführt wurde. Dieses Nähgarn zeigte selbst bei einer extremen Belastung, d.h. einer Stichdichte von 7000 Stichen pro Minute auch in der Langzeitanwendung keinerlei Garn- bzw. Kapillarbrüche.In the method according to the invention, the second yarn component with lead is usually also fed to the intermingling step. Depending on the respectively selected advance of the second yarn component in coordination with the respectively selected advance of the first yarn component, the volume and the number of loops or loops formed in the intermingled yarn produced can hereby be varied, which in particular has a decisive influence on the previously described air storage capacity of the interlaced yarns and thus also on the processing properties. The second yarn component is usually fed to the intermingling step with an advance of between 14% and 35%, preferably between 20% and 30%. A sewing thread showed particularly good results in industrial sewing tests in which the first yarn component with an advance between 3% and 4% and the second yarn component with an advance between 24% and 26% was fed to the intermingling step. This sewing thread showed no thread or capillary breakage even in long-term use, even under extreme stress, ie a stitch density of 7000 stitches per minute.

Grundsätzlich kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren als zweite Garnkomponente jedes Ausgangsmaterial verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch hierfür ein oder mehrere, insbesondere ein bis vier Multifilamentgarn bzw. Multifilamentgarne eingesetzt, bei dem bzw. bei denen es sich um übliche textile Standardgarne handelt. Gute Ergebnisse bezüglich der Eigenschaften der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Garne ergeben sich, wenn man als zweite Garnkomponente vororientierte Garne (POY-Garne) einsetzt, und diese vororientierten Garne vor dem Verwirbelungsschritt vorverstreckt. Diese Vorverstreckung kann man beispielsweise in der bekannten Weise über einen geheizten Stift durchführen. Hierbei haben sich Stifttemperaturen, die zwischen 110° C und 150° C, vorzugsweise zwischen 120° C und 140° C, variieren, als besonders gut erwiesen.In principle, any starting material can be used as the second yarn component in the method according to the invention. However, one or more, in particular one to four, multifilament yarns or multifilament yarns are preferably used for this purpose, which are conventional textile standard yarns. Good results with regard to the properties of the yarns produced by the process according to the invention are obtained if pre-oriented yarns (POY yarns) are used as the second yarn component and these pre-oriented yarns are pre-drawn before the intermingling step. This pre-stretching can be carried out, for example, in the known manner using a heated pin. Pen temperatures that vary between 110 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 140 ° C, have proven to be particularly good.

Besonders gegenüber mechanischen Beanspruchungen stabile Garne erhält man, wenn man als zweite Garnkomponente ein POY-Garn auswählt und dieses über einen ungeheizten Stift verstreckt und anschließend einer thermischen Behandlung unterwirft, wie dies in der auf den gleichen Anmelder zurückgehenden EP-A-0295 601 beschrieben ist.Yarns that are particularly stable to mechanical stresses are obtained if a POY yarn is selected as the second yarn component and this is stretched over an unheated pin and then subjected to a thermal treatment, as described in EP-A-0295 601 attributed to the same applicant .

Bezüglich des Vorverstreckungsverhältnisses der zweiten Garnkomponente ist festzuhalten, daß bevorzugt die zweite Garnkomponente in einem Verhältnis verstreckt wird, das 2 % bis 40 %, vorzugsweise 10 % bis 25 %, unter dem Wert liegt, bei dem es bei dem jeweiligen Garn zu einem Garnbruch bzw. zu Kapillarbrüchen kommt.Regarding the pre-drawing ratio of the second yarn component, it should be noted that the second yarn component is preferably drawn in a ratio which is 2% to 40%, preferably 10% to 25%, below the value at which the yarn in question breaks or breaks capillary breaks occur.

Ist die Herstellung eines Garnes mit sehr hohen Gesamtfestigkeiten, d.h. spezifische Festigkeiten über etwa 45 cN/tex erwünscht, so bietet es sich an, für die erste Garnkomponente und die zweite Garnkomponente als Ausgangsmaterial ein hochfestes Multifilamentgarn einzusetzen, das eine spezifische Festigkeit zwischen 60 cN/tex und 75 cN/tex besitzt. Bin derartiges Garn besitzt neben den zuvor wiedergegebenen extrem hohen Festigkeiten auch ausgezeichnete Verarbeitungseigenschaften, beispielsweise beim Nähen, da hierbei wegen der guten Festigkeit der Einzelkapillaren und der bereits zuvor beschriebenen Lufteinschlüsse das Auftreten von Garn- und Kapillarbrüchen ausgeschlossen ist, was anhand umfangreicher industrieller Nähversuche festgestellt wurde. Ferner besitzt ein derartiges Garn sowohl Thermoschrumpfwerte bei 160° C als auch Kochschrumpfwerte, die unter etwa 0,8 % liegen. Dies wiederum führt dazu, daß das Garn im verarbeiteten Zustand nicht mehr schrumpft, so daß boldrige Nähte nicht auftreten können.Is the production of a yarn with very high overall strengths, i.e. If specific strengths above about 45 cN / tex are desired, it makes sense to use a high-strength multifilament yarn as the starting material for the first yarn component and the second yarn component, which has a specific strength between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex. In addition to the extremely high strengths reproduced above, such a thread also has excellent processing properties, for example when sewing, because the good strength of the individual capillaries and the air inclusions already described preclude the occurrence of yarn and capillary breaks, which was established on the basis of extensive industrial sewing tests . In addition, such a yarn has both thermal shrinkage values at 160 ° C. and boil-off shrinkage values which are below about 0.8%. This in turn leads to the yarn no longer shrinking in the processed state, so that bold seams cannot occur.

Darüberhinaus läßt sich ein derartiges Verfahren, das für die beiden Garnkomponenten als Ausgangsmaterial die zuvor genannten hochfesten Multifilamentgarne einsetzt, sehr einfach durchführen, da bei diesen Verfahrensvarianten keine Vorverstreckungseinrichtung erforderlich ist und somit ein aufwendiges Einstellen derselben und Oberwachen der eingestellten Parameter entfallen kann.In addition, such a method, which uses the aforementioned high-strength multifilament yarns as the starting material for the two yarn components, can be carried out very easily, since no pre-stretching device is required in these process variants, and therefore complex adjustment of the same and monitoring of the set parameters can be omitted.

Darüberhinaus tritt bei den zuvor beschriebenen verwirbelten Garnen, insbesondere bei Nähgarnen, noch ein weiteres Problem auf. Dies ist darin begründet, daß sich vielfach die verwirbelten Garne unterschiedlich anfärben, was sich sowohl in einer Farbton- als auch in einer Farbtiefenverschiebung ausdrücken kann.In addition, another problem arises in the previously described interlaced yarns, particularly sewing yarns. This is due to the fact that in many cases the intermingled yarns stain differently, which can be expressed both in a color shift and in a color depth shift.

Eine besonders geeignete Verfahrensvariante, die das vorstehend beschriebene Problem der unterschiedlichen Anfärbung der ersten Garnkomponente relativ zur zweiten Garnkomponente im besonderen Maße berücksichtigt und dennoch die Herstellung von hochfesten Garnen ermöglicht, sieht vor, daß man die Einzeltiter der Filamente der ersten Garnkomponente und die Einzeltiter der Filamente der zweiten Garnkomponente aufeinander abstimmt. So konnte festgestellt werden, daß sich bei verwirbelten Garnen die erste und zweite Garnkomponente dann bezüglich des Farbtons und der Farbtiefe gleichmäßig anfärben, wenn man für die erste Garnkomponente Filamente mit einem Einzeltiter zwischen 2 dtex und 5 dtex, vorzugsweise zwischen 2,5 dtex und 4 dtex, und für die zweite Garnkomponente Filamente mit einem Einzeltiter zwischen 0,8 dtex und 5 dtex, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 dtex und 4 dtex, auswählt. Besonders überraschend hierbei ist, daß sich die verwirbelten Garne unabhängig von dem hierin als erste und zweite Garnkomponente eingearbeiteten Material gleichmäßig anfärben, wobei es sich selbstverständlich bei diesen Materialien immer um dasselbe Fasersubstrat, d.h. z. B. Polyesterfaser, Polypropylen oder Polyamidfaser, handelte. Trotz umfangreicher Färbeversuche, auch insbesondere mit sehr kritischen Farbstoffkombinationen, konnten keine Unterschiede im Farbton und in der Farbtiefe zwischen den beiden Garnkomponenten festgestellt werden. So färben sich beispielsweise verwirbelte Garne, die als erste Komponente Multifilamentgarne mit Festigkeiten zwischen 60 cN/tex und 75 cN/tex allein oder in Verbindung mit üblichen Textilstandardgarnen und/oder vor dem Verwirbelungsschritt vorverstreckten POY-Garnen und als zweite Garnkomponente textile Standardgarne, vor dem Verwirbelungsschritt vorverstreckte POY-Garne und/oder hochfeste Garne mit den zuvor genannten Festigkeiten aufweisen, stets dann gleichmäßig an, wenn man die zuvor wiedergegebene Abstimmung der Einzeltiter der Filamente in beiden Garnkomponenten berücksichtigt hat.A particularly suitable variant of the method, which takes into account the above-described problem of different dyeing of the first yarn component relative to the second yarn component to a particular extent and nevertheless enables the production of high-strength yarns, provides that the individual titers of the filaments of the first yarn component and the individual titers of the filaments the second yarn component matches each other. It was found that, in the case of interlaced yarns, the first and second yarn components dye evenly with regard to the color tone and depth of color if filaments with a single titer between 2 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably between 2.5 dtex and 4, are used for the first yarn component dtex, and for the second yarn component filaments with a single titer between 0.8 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably between 1 dtex and 4 dtex. It is particularly surprising here that the intermingled yarns are dyed uniformly regardless of the material incorporated as the first and second yarn component, these materials always being the same fiber substrate, i.e. polyester fiber, polypropylene or polyamide fiber, of course. Despite extensive dyeing trials, especially with very critical dye combinations, no differences in color and depth of color between the two yarn components could be found. For example, swirled yarns, the first component of which are multifilament yarns, are colored with strengths between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex alone or in combination with standard textile standard yarns and / or POY yarns pre-stretched before the intermingling step and standard textile yarns as second yarn component, pre-drawn POY yarns and / or high-strength yarns with the have the aforementioned strengths, always evenly if one has taken into account the above-mentioned coordination of the individual titers of the filaments in both yarn components.

Bei einer weiteren Verfahrensvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird besonders als zweite Garnkomponente ein nicht mattiertes Multifilamentgarn bzw. werden mehrere nicht mattierte Multifilamentgarne eingesetzt. Überraschend stellte sich dabei heraus, daß bei Verwendung eines derartigen Garnes als Nähgarn im Vergleich zu einem Garn, das als zweite Garnkomponente ein mattiertes Multifilamentgarn bzw. mattierte Multifilamentgarne aufweist, die Näheigenschaften noch weiter verbessert sind, was sich z. B. in einer verringerten Erwärmung der Nähnadel ausdrückt. Auch läßt sich ein derartiges Garn, das als zweite Garnkomponente nicht mattierte Filamente aufweist, nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren mit einer höheren Geschwindigkeit herstellen.In a further method variant of the method according to the invention, a non-matted multifilament thread or a plurality of non-matted multifilament threads are used in particular as the second thread component. Surprisingly, it was found that when using such a thread as a sewing thread, the sewing properties are further improved compared to a thread which has a matted multifilament thread or matted multifilament threads as the second thread component. B. expresses in a reduced warming of the sewing needle. Such a yarn, which has non-matted filaments as the second yarn component, can also be produced at a higher speed by the method according to the invention.

Abhängig von den jeweils erwünschten Eigenschaften des verwirbelten Garnes, d.h. insbesondere der Anfärbbarkeit, Festigkeit, des Endtiters und/oder der Schrumpfwerte, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Massenverhältnis der ersten Garnkomponente relativ zur zweiten Garnkomponente festgelegt. Üblicherweise kann dieses Massenverhältnis der ersten Garnkomponente zur zweiten Garnkomponente zwischen
90 % : 10 % bis 50 % : 50 %, vorzugsweise zwischen
85 % : 15 % bis 70 % : 30 %, variiert werden. Innerhalb dieser zuvor wiedergegebenen Massenverhältnisse lassen sich besonders gut Garne, insbesondere Nähgarne, herstellen.
Depending on the respectively desired properties of the intermingled yarn, ie in particular the dyeability, strength, the final titer and / or the shrinkage values, the mass ratio of the first yarn component relative to the second yarn component is determined in the method according to the invention. This mass ratio of the first yarn component to the second yarn component can usually be between
90%: 10% to 50%: 50%, preferably between
85%: 15% to 70%: 30%. Within of these mass ratios reproduced above, yarns, in particular sewing threads, can be produced particularly well.

Wie bereits vorstehend mehrfach erwähnt, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren für die erste Garnkomponente mindestens ein Multifilamentgarn ausgewählt, dessen Festigkeit zwischen 60 cN/tex und 75 cN/tex variiert. hierbei handelt es sich um üblicherweise auch als hochfeste Multifilamentgarne oder technische Multifilamentgarne bezeichnete Garnmaterialien, die in der Regel ein viskosimetrisch bestimmtes Molekulargewicht aufweisen, das im Vergleich zu dem viskosimetrisch bestimmten Molekulargewicht einer ansonsten chemisch identischen textilen Standardfaser um 5 % bis 50 %, vorzugsweise 10 % bis 25 %, größer ist. Das viskosimetrisch bestimmte Molekulargewicht wird dabei für Polyesterfasern nach SNV 19 55 91 bzw. für Polyamidfasern nach SNV 95 590 oder DIN 53 728 gemessen. Selbstverständlich können jedoch auch andere hochfeste Multifilamentgarne bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verwendet werden, sofern sie die zuvor genannten spezifischen Festigkeiten besitzen.As already mentioned several times above, in the method according to the invention at least one multifilament yarn is selected for the first yarn component, the strength of which varies between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex. these are yarn materials usually also referred to as high-strength multifilament yarns or technical multifilament yarns, which generally have a viscosimetrically determined molecular weight which, compared to the viscosimetrically determined molecular weight of an otherwise chemically identical textile standard fiber, is 5% to 50%, preferably 10% up to 25%. The viscosimetrically determined molecular weight is measured for polyester fibers according to SNV 19 55 91 or for polyamide fibers according to SNV 95 590 or DIN 53 728. Of course, however, other high-strength multifilament yarns can also be used in the method according to the invention, provided that they have the specific strengths mentioned above.

Abhängig von dem jeweils gewünschten Endtiter des verwirbelten Garnes und den erwünschten Eigenschaften desselben richtet sich die Auswahl der ersten Garnkomponente. Üblicherweise wird hierfür ein multifiles Material eingesetzt, dessen Gesamttiter zwischen 100 dtex und 1000 dtex, vorzugsweise zwischen 100 dtex und 600 dtex, variiert.The selection of the first yarn component depends on the desired final titer of the intermingled yarn and the desired properties. A multifilament material is usually used for this, the total titre of which varies between 100 dtex and 1000 dtex, preferably between 100 dtex and 600 dtex.

Ebenso wie der Gesamttiter richtet sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Auswahl der Elementarfadenzahl nach den gewünschten Eigenschaften. So konnte im Bereich von Nähgarnen festgestellt werden, daß durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ausgezeichnete Garne herstellbar sind, wenn hierfür als erste Garnkomponente ein Garnmaterial verwendet wird, dessen Elementarfadenzahl zwischen 16 und 300, vorzugsweise zwischen 24 und 96, liegt.Like the total titer, the selection of the number of filaments depends on the desired properties in the method according to the invention. So it was found in the area of sewing threads that the inventive Processes with excellent yarns can be produced if a yarn material is used for this as the first yarn component, the number of filaments of which is between 16 and 300, preferably between 24 and 96.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann sich nach dem Verwirbelungsschritt eine Reihe von weiteren Verfahren anschließen. Im einfachsten Fall wird das verwirbelte Garn unter geringer Spannung aufgewickelt und steht dann als Fertiggarn der weiteren Verarbeitung zur Verfügung. Ebenso ist es möglich, das verwirbelte Garn nach dem Verwirbelungsschritt zu färben, wobei zweckmäßigerweise bei einer derartigen Verfahrensweise das verwirbelte Garn unmittelbar nach dem Verwirbelungsschritt direkt auf entsprechende Färbehülsen aufgewickelt wird. Beim anschließenden Färbevorgang, insbesondere bei einer HT-Färbung bei etwa 130° C, schrumpft das Garn um etwa 2 bis 3 %, was zu einer Verkleinerung der Durchmesser der sich selbst kreuzenden Schlingen bzw. Schlaufen führt, ohne daß diese dabei zu Knoten zusammengezogen werden.In the method according to the invention, a number of further methods can follow after the swirling step. In the simplest case, the intermingled yarn is wound up under low tension and is then available as finished yarn for further processing. It is also possible to dye the intermingled yarn after the intermingling step, in which case the intermingled yarn is expediently wound directly onto corresponding dye tubes directly after the intermingling step. During the subsequent dyeing process, in particular with HT dyeing at about 130 ° C., the yarn shrinks by about 2 to 3%, which leads to a reduction in the diameter of the self-intersecting loops or loops, without these being pulled together in knots .

Eine andere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, daß nach dem Verwirbelungsschritt und vor dem Aufwickeln das so hergestellte Garn einer Spannungsbehandlung unterworfen wird. Hierdurch werden die Durchmesser der beim Verwirbeln gebildeten sich selbst kreuzenden Schlingen und Schlaufen vorzugsweise soweit verkleinert, daß sie, bezogen auf ihren ursprünglichen Durchmesser, um 20 % bis 95 % verringert sind. Ausdrücklich ist hervorzuheben, daß hierbei jedoch verhindert werden soll, daß sich die Schlaufen und Schlingen zu Knoten zusammenziehen, da sich ansonsten die späteren Verarbeitungseigenschaften eines derartigen Garnes, insbesondere eines Nähgarnes, verschlechtern. So konnte festgestellt werden, daß die in ihrem Durchmesser verkleinerten Schlaufen bzw. Schlingen einen sehr guten Garnzusammenhalt bewirken, was insbesondere wegen der hohen Beanspruchung eines Nähgarns bei der Verarbeitung desselben erwünscht ist. Darüberhinaus besitzt ein derartiges Nähgarn, wie bereits vorstehend beschrieben, noch ein gewisses Volumen, so daß innerhalb des Garnes Luft eingeschlossen ist, die beim Nähgarn, insbesondere beim Umlenken des Garnes an Fadenleitorganen bzw. der Nadel, herausgepreßt wird. Dies wiederum bewirkt eine Kühlung der Umlenkorgane bzw. der Nadel, so daß bei einem derartigen Garn keine Fadenbrüche auftreten, was bei einem Vergleichsgarn, bei dem die Schlingen knotenartig zusammengezogen sind, nicht der Fall ist.Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that after the intermingling step and before winding, the yarn thus produced is subjected to a tension treatment. As a result, the diameters of the self-intersecting loops and loops formed during swirling are preferably reduced to such an extent that they are reduced by 20% to 95% with respect to their original diameter. It is expressly to be emphasized that, however, this should prevent the loops and loops from contracting into knots, since otherwise the later processing properties of a such yarns, especially a sewing thread, deteriorate. It was thus found that the loops or loops, which are smaller in diameter, bring about very good yarn cohesion, which is desirable in particular because of the high demands placed on a sewing thread during processing. In addition, such a sewing thread, as already described above, still has a certain volume, so that air is enclosed within the thread, which is pressed out during sewing thread, in particular when the thread is deflected on thread guide elements or the needle. This in turn causes cooling of the deflection members or the needle, so that no yarn breaks occur with such a yarn, which is not the case with a comparison yarn in which the loops are drawn together like knots.

Um die zuvor beschriebene Spannungsbehandlung nach dem Verwirbeln durchzuführen, wird das Garn der Spannungsbehandlung mit einer Geschwindigkeit zugeführt, die zwischen 0,1 % und 5 %, insbesondere zwischen 0,1 % und 2,5 %, geringer ist als die Geschwindigkeit, mit der das Garn aus der Spannungsbehandlung abgezogen wird. Hierbei hängen die zuvor genannten Geschwindigkeitsdifferenzen einerseits von der gewünschten Verringerung der Durchmesser der sich selbst überkreuzenden Schlaufen und Schlingen und andererseits von der jeweils ausgewählten Voreilung der ersten und zweiten Garnkomponente ab.In order to carry out the tension treatment described above after intermingling, the yarn is fed to the tension treatment at a rate which is between 0.1% and 5%, in particular between 0.1% and 2.5%, less than the rate at which the yarn is withdrawn from the tension treatment. The speed differences mentioned above depend on the one hand on the desired reduction in the diameter of the self-crossing loops and loops and on the other hand on the respectively selected advance of the first and second yarn components.

Eine andere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, daß man zusätzlich zu der Spannungsbehandlung oder anstelle der Spannungsbehandlung eine thermische Behandlung vor dem Aufwickeln des verwirbelten Garnes durchführt, wobei die Temperatur der thermischen Behandlung zwischen 100° C und 250° C, insbesondere zwischen 180° C und 230° C, variiert. Durch eine derartige thermische Behandlung wird dabei, ähnlich wie die zuvor beschriebene, bei Raumtemperatur ablaufende Spannungsbehandlung, eine Verkleinerung der Durchmesser der sich überkreuzenden Schlingen und Schlaufen erreicht, was die zuvor bereits dargelegten Vorteile, insbesondere bei einem Nähgarn, beinhaltet. Darüberhinaus werden durch eine thermische Behandlung die Thermoschrumpfwerte des verwirbelten Garnes verringert, was sich weiterhin positiv beim späteren Gebrauch derselben im verarbeiteten Zustand ausdrückt. Üblicherweise wird diese thermische Behandlung bei Verweilzeiten zwischen 0,01 s bis 10 s, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,05 s und 1 s, durchgeführt. Bezüglich der Spannung bei der thermischen Behandlung ist festzuhalten, daß man diese spannungslos oder vorzugsweise mit einer gewissen Voreilung durchführt, so daß das so behandelte verwirbelte Garn schrumpfen kann. Insbesondere wird hierbei das Garn mit Geschwindigkeiten der thermischen Behandlung Zu-geführt, die um 0,1 % bis 10 %, insbesondere um 2 % bis 4 %, höher liegen als die Abzugsgeschwindigkeiten. Hierdurch wird verhindert, daß in dem Garn unerwünschte Spannungen eingefroren werden, die sich beim späteren Gebrauch, beispielsweise bei einem Nähgarn durch ein Boldern der Nähte, nachteilig bemerkbar machen.Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that in addition to the stress treatment or instead of the stress treatment, a thermal Treatment is carried out before winding the entangled yarn, the temperature of the thermal treatment varies between 100 ° C and 250 ° C, in particular between 180 ° C and 230 ° C. Such a thermal treatment, similar to the previously described tension treatment taking place at room temperature, results in a reduction in the diameter of the crossing loops and loops, which includes the advantages already set out, in particular in the case of a sewing thread. In addition, the thermal shrinkage values of the intermingled yarn are reduced by a thermal treatment, which is furthermore positively expressed when the yarn is subsequently used in the processed state. This thermal treatment is usually carried out with residence times between 0.01 s and 10 s, preferably between 0.05 s and 1 s. With regard to the tension in the thermal treatment, it should be noted that this is carried out without tension or preferably with a certain advance, so that the intermingled yarn treated in this way can shrink. In particular, the yarn is fed at speeds of thermal treatment which are 0.1% to 10%, in particular 2% to 4%, higher than the take-off speeds. This prevents undesirable tensions from being frozen in the yarn, which are disadvantageously noticeable in later use, for example in the case of a sewing thread by bolting the seams.

Um einen besonders guten und stabilen Garnverbund zu erzeugen, sieht eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vor, daß das verwirbelte Garn gezwirnt wird. Hierbei kann das Garn mit einer Drehung zwischen 10 Drehungen pro m und 800 Drehungen pro m, vorzugsweise zwischen 100 Drehungen pro m und 600 Drehungen pro m, versehen werden. Bin derartiges Zwirnen des Garnes kann als integrierter Schritt in einem der vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren vor dem Aufwickeln des Garnes durchgeführt werden. In vielen Fällen ist es jedoch besser, das Garn in einem separaten Arbeitsschritt nach dem Aufwickeln zu zwirnen, da sich ansonsten die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit nach dem relativ langsamen Zwirnen richten müßte.In order to produce a particularly good and stable yarn composite, a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the intermingled yarn is twisted. Here, the yarn can be twisted between 10 rotations per m and 800 rotations per m, preferably between 100 rotations per m and 600 rotations per m. Such twisting of the yarn can be carried out as an integrated step in one of the methods described above before winding the yarn. In many cases, however, it is better to twist the yarn in a separate step after winding, since otherwise the production speed would have to depend on the relatively slow twisting.

Bei einer besonders geeigneten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, das insbesondere zur Herstellung von Nähgarnen angewendet wird, setzt man für die erste Garnkomponente ein einziges Multifilamentgarn ein, das den vorstehend genannten Einzeltiterbereich, den Filamentzahlbereich und eine spezifische Festigkeit zwischen 60 cN/tex und 75 cN/tex aufweist. Dieses Multifilamentgarn wird mit den vorstehend genannten Voreilungen mit einem zweiten Multifilamentgarn als zweite Garnkomponente verwirbelt, wobei die zweite Garnkomponente den bereits vorstehend aufgeführten Einzeltiterbereich aufweist und mit der bereits genannten Voreilung dem Verwirbelungsschritt zugeführt wird. Anschließend wird das so hergestellte verwirbelte Garn unter den vorstehend genannten Bedingungen bei Raumtemperatur verstreckt und danach in eine thermische Behandlung überführt, wobei die vorstehend genannten Temperaturen, Spannungen und Verweilzeiten angewendet werden. Hiernach wickelt man das so hergestellte Nähgarn auf und zwirnt, färbt und/oder aviviert es danach.In a particularly suitable embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is used in particular for the production of sewing threads, a single multifilament thread is used for the first thread component, which has the abovementioned single titer range, the number of filaments and a specific strength between 60 cN / tex and 75 cN / tex has. This multifilament yarn is interwoven with the above-mentioned leads with a second multifilament yarn as the second yarn component, the second yarn component having the single-titer range already mentioned above and being fed to the interlacing step with the aforementioned lead. The intermingled yarn thus produced is then drawn at room temperature under the abovementioned conditions and then transferred to a thermal treatment, the abovementioned temperatures, tensions and residence times being used. Then you wind up the sewing thread thus produced and twist, dye and / or finish it afterwards.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und das nach einem solchen Verfahren hersgestellte Garn wird anhand eines mikroskopischen Fotos des Garnes näher erläutert.The method according to the invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments and the yarn produced using such a method is explained in more detail using a microscopic photo of the yarn.

Ein insgesamt in dem elektronenrastermikroskopischen Foto mit 1 bezeichnetes Garn, bei dem es sich um ein Nähgarn handelt, weist als erste Garnkomponente ein Seelenmaterial 2 auf, bei dem es sich um ein Multifilamentgarn handelt. Hierbei ist das Seelenmaterial 2 mit einer zweiten Garnkomponente 3, die auch üblicherweise als Effektgarnkomponente bzw. Effektgarn bezeichnet wird, verwirbelt. Ebenso wie das Seelenmaterial 2 besteht die Effektgarnkomponente 3 aus einem Multifilamentgarn. Wie aus dem beigefügten Foto zu erkennen ist, ist die Effektgarnkomponente 3 überwiegend im äußeren Bereich des Garnes 1 angeordnet und bildet dort in bezug auf das sich überwiegend geradlinig in Axialrichtung erstreckende Seelenmaterial 2 sich selbst überkreuzende Schlaufen 4 bzw. Schlingen 5. Wie auf dem Foto zu erkennen ist, weisen die sich selbst überkreuzenden Schlaufen 4 unterschiedliche Schlaufendurchmesser auf, sind jedoch nicht knotenartig zusammengezogen.A yarn designated as 1 in the electron scanning microscope photo, which is a sewing yarn, has a core material 2 as the first yarn component, which is a multifilament yarn. Here, the core material 2 is interwoven with a second yarn component 3, which is also usually referred to as fancy yarn component or fancy yarn. Like the core material 2, the fancy yarn component 3 consists of a multifilament yarn. As can be seen from the attached photo, the fancy yarn component 3 is predominantly arranged in the outer region of the yarn 1 and forms loops 4 or loops 5 that intersect with one another in relation to the core material 2, which mainly extends in a straight line in the axial direction. As in the photo can be seen, the self-crossing loops have 4 different loop diameters, but are not knot-like.

Bei dem abgebildeten Garn ist als Seelenmaterial 2 ein Multifilamentgarn eingesetzt, das eine spezifische Festigkeit von 70 cN/tex, eine Elementarfadenzahl von 64 und einen Einzeltiter von etwa 3,6 dtex aufweist. Das Effektmaterial 3 besteht bei dem abgebildeten Garn 1 aus einem vororientierten Multifilamentgarn (POY-Garn), das über einen auf 130° C geheizten Stift mit einem Durchmesser von 70 mm bei einem Vorverstreckungsverhältnis von 1 : 1,7 verstreckt wurde und eine Einzelfilamentzahl von 24 aufweist, wobei der Einzelfilamenttiter etwa 3,4 dtex beträgt. Der Gesamttiter des Garnes 1 liegt nach dem Verwirbeln bei etwa 300 dtex. Die absolute Festigkeit des Garnes 1 beträgt 1300 cN.In the yarn shown, a multi-filament yarn is used as core material 2, which has a specific strength of 70 cN / tex, an elementary thread number of 64 and a single titer of about 3.6 dtex. The effect material 3 consists of a pre-oriented yarn 1 Multifilament yarn (POY yarn) that has been drawn over a pin heated to 130 ° C. with a diameter of 70 mm and a pre-drawing ratio of 1: 1.7 and has a single filament number of 24, the single filament titer being about 3.4 dtex. The total titer of yarn 1 after swirling is about 300 dtex. The absolute strength of yarn 1 is 1300 cN.

Von dem abgebildeten Garn wurden die vom Garn abstehenden Schlingen 4 bzw. Schlaufen 5 gemessen. Hierzu wurde das Garn senkrecht zu einem gebündelten Lichtstrahl transportiert, der von einer entsprechenden Lichtquelle erzeugt wurde. Hierbei war der Lichtquelle in einer Ebene gegenüberliegend eine Fotozelle angeordnet, so daß die von einer Schlinge 4 bzw. Schlaufe 5 hervorgerufene Unterbrechung des Lichtstrahls von der Fotozelle erfaßt und entsprechend addiert wurde. Diese Messung wurde bei einem Abstand des Lichtstrahles vom Garn von 0,5 mm und 1 mm durchgeführt. Bei einem Abstand des Lichtstrahles von 0,5 mm oberhalb des Garnes konnten 160 Unterbrechungen pro m und bei einem Abstand von 1 mm 18 Unterbrechungen pro m gemessen werden. Hieraus ist zu schließen, daß vom Garnverbund relativ wenige Schlingen bzw. Schlaufen in einem Abstand größer als 1 mm abstehen. Ebenso wurde das vorstehend beschriebene Garn industriellen Nähversuchen unterworfen. Hierbei stellte man im Vergleich zu einem konventionell gezwirnten Garn und zu einem Garn, das entsprechend der EP-A-00 57 583 knotenartig zusammengezogene Schlingen aufwies, fest, daß das vorstehend beschriebene Garn auch bei hohen Nähgeschwindigkeiten von etwa 6000 bis 7000 Stichen pro m keine Faden- bzw. Kapillarbrüche oder Kapillaraufschiebungen zeigte, während sowohl bei dem konventionell gezwirnten Garn als auch bei dem Garn, bei dem die Schlaufen knotenartig zusammengezogen waren, häufig der Nähvorgang aufgrund von Fadenbrüchen und Kapillaraufschiebungen unterbrochen werden mußte, obwohl alle Garne aus den gleichen Ausgangsmaterialien hergestellt wurden.The loops 4 and loops 5 protruding from the yarn were measured from the yarn shown. For this purpose, the yarn was transported perpendicular to a bundled light beam, which was generated by an appropriate light source. Here, the light source was arranged in a plane opposite a photo cell, so that the interruption of the light beam caused by a loop 4 or loop 5 was detected by the photo cell and added accordingly. This measurement was carried out at a distance of the light beam from the yarn of 0.5 mm and 1 mm. With a distance of the light beam of 0.5 mm above the yarn, 160 interruptions per m and at a distance of 1 mm 18 interruptions per m were measured. It can be concluded from this that relatively few loops or loops protrude from the yarn composite at a distance greater than 1 mm. The yarn described above was also subjected to industrial sewing trials. In comparison with a conventionally twisted yarn and a yarn which, according to EP-A-00 57 583, had loops drawn together knot-like, it was found that the yarn described above had none even at high sewing speeds of about 6000 to 7000 stitches per m Thread or capillary breaks or capillary deferments, while both the conventionally twisted yarn and the yarn in which the loops were knotted together, frequently showed the sewing process due to thread breaks and Capillary deferrals had to be interrupted, even though all yarns were made from the same raw materials.

Um die Anfärbbarkeit des Garnes zu untersuchen, wurde eine Reihe von Färbeversuchen mit verschiedenen Farbstoffkombinationen und unterschiedlichen Garnen durchgeführt. Da alle Garne aus Polyester waren, wurden diese bei einer Endtemperatur von 130° C gefärbt. Für die Färbungen wurde folgender Temperaturverlauf ausgewählt:In order to investigate the dyeability of the yarn, a number of dyeing tests were carried out with different dye combinations and different yarns. Since all the yarns were made of polyester, they were dyed at a final temperature of 130 ° C. The following temperature profile was selected for the dyeings:

Starttemperatur: 70° C
Aufwärtsgeschwindigkeit auf 130° C mit 2° C/min
Verweilzeit bei 130° C: 45 Minuten
Abkühlung auf 80° C mit 2° C/min
Starting temperature: 70 ° C
Upward speed to 130 ° C at 2 ° C / min
Residence time at 130 ° C: 45 minutes
Cooling down to 80 ° C at 2 ° C / min

Nach dem Färben wurden die Garne zweimal kalt und heiß gespült und anschließend konventionell getrocknet. Die Färbeflotten wurden jeweils durch Zugabe von Essigsäure und Natriumacetat auf einen pH-Wert von 4,5 eingestellt. Ferner wiesen alle Flotten 0,5 g/l eines Dispergier-/Egalisiermittels (Lewegal HTN, Firma Bayer) auf. Zur Anwendung gelangten folgende Farbstoffkombinationen:After dyeing, the yarns were rinsed twice cold and hot and then dried conventionally. The dyeing liquors were adjusted to pH 4.5 by adding acetic acid and sodium acetate. Furthermore, all liquors had 0.5 g / l of a dispersing / leveling agent (Lewegal HTN, Bayer). The following dye combinations were used:

Farbstoffkombination I:Dye combination I:

0,5 %0.5%
Resolingelbbraun 3 GL, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse orange 29)
Resoline yellow brown 3 GL, 200%
(CI Disperse orange 29)
0,25 %0.25%
Resolinrot FB, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse red 60)
Resolin red FB, 200%
(CI Disperse red 60)
1 %1 %
Resolinmarineblau 2 GLS, 200 %ig
(C.I. Disperse blue 79)
Resolin navy blue 2 GLS, 200%
(CI Disperse blue 79)
Farbstoffkombination II:Dye combination II:

3 %3%
Resolinmarineblau 2 GLS, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse blue 79)
Resolin navy blue 2 GLS, 200%
(CI Disperse blue 79)
0,15 %0.15%
Resolingelb 5 GL, 200 %igResoline yellow 5 GL, 200%
0,8 %0.8%
Resolinrot BBL, 200 %igResoline red BBL, 200%
Farbstoffkombination III:Dye combination III:

0,5 %0.5%
Resolinblau BBLS, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse blue 165)
Resoline blue BBLS, 200%
(CI Disperse blue 165)
1,5 %1.5%
Resolingelbbraun 3 GL, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse orange 29)
Resoline yellow brown 3 GL, 200%
(CI Disperse orange 29)
0,5 %0.5%
Resolinrot FB, 200 %ig
(C. I. Disperse red 60)
Resolin red FB, 200%
(CI Disperse red 60)
Farbstoffkombination IV:Dye combination IV:

0,1215 %0.1215%
Resolinorange R-3GLSResolin orange R-3GLS
0,0265 %0.0265%
Resolinrot R-2BLSResolin red R-2BLS
0,0275 %0.0275%
Palanilbrillantblau BGFPalanil brilliant blue BGF
0,024 %0.024%
Resolinblau R-RLSResoline blue R-RLS
Für die Färbeversuche wurden die folgenden Garne eingesetzt:The following yarns were used for the dyeing tests: Garn 1:Yarn 1:

Erste Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn mit einer spezifischen Festigkeit von 65 cN/tex und einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 4,8 dtex.First yarn component: A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 65 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 4.8 dtex.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn einer textilen Standardtype mit einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 3 dtex.Second yarn component: a multifilament yarn of a standard textile type with a single filament titer of about 3 dtex.

Garn 2:Yarn 2: Erste Garnkomponente: Wie bei Garn 1.First yarn component: As for yarn 1.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn einer vororientierten (POY) Faser, die bei einem Vorverstreckungsverhältnis von 1 : 1,7 über einen 130° C heißen Stift mit einem Durchmesser von 70 mm vorverstreckt ist, Einzelfilamenttiter 3 dtex.Second yarn component: A multifilament yarn of a pre-oriented (POY) fiber, which is pre-drawn at a pre-drawing ratio of 1: 1.7 via a 130 ° C hot pin with a diameter of 70 mm, single-filament titer 3 dtex.

Garn 3:Yarn 3:

Erste Garnkomponente: Wie bei Garn 1 und 2.First yarn component: As for yarn 1 and 2.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn wie Garn 2 vorverstreckt, jedoch mit einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 1,5 dtex.Second yarn component: A multifilament yarn like yarn 2 pre-drawn, but with a single filament titer of about 1.5 dtex.

Garn 4:Yarn 4:

Erste Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn mit einer spezifischen Festigkeit von 70 cN/tex und einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 2,8 dtex.First yarn component: A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 70 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 2.8 dtex.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn eines textilen Standardmaterials mit einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 1,2 dtex.Second yarn component: a multifilament yarn of a textile standard material with a single filament titer of approximately 1.2 dtex.

Garn 5:Yarn 5:

Erste Garnkomponente: Wie Garn 4.First yarn component: Like yarn 4.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Wie Garn 3.Second yarn component: Like yarn 3.

Garn 6:Yarn 6:

Erste und zweite Garnkomponente: Jeweils ein Multifilamentgarn mit einer spezifischen Festigkeit von 68 cN/tex, Einzelfilamenttiter der ersten Garnkomponente: 5 dtex, Einzelfilamenttiter der zweiten Garnkomponente: 1,2 dtex.First and second yarn components: each a multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 68 cN / tex, single filament titer of the first yarn component: 5 dtex, single filament titer of the second yarn component: 1.2 dtex.

Garn 7:Yarn 7:

Erste Garnkomponente: Ein Multifilamentgarn mit einer spezifischen Festigkeit von 62 cN/tex und einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 5,5 dtex.First yarn component: A multifilament yarn with a specific strength of 62 cN / tex and a single filament titer of around 5.5 dtex.

Zweite Garnkomponente: Ein textiles Standardmultifilamentgarn mit einem Einzelfilamenttiter von etwa 5,5 dtex.Second yarn component: A textile standard multifilament yarn with a single filament titer of about 5.5 dtex.

Die Färbeversuche der Garne zeigten, daß alle Garne 1 bis 5 mit den vorstehenden Farbstoffkombinationen I bis IV sowohl vom Farbton als auch von der Farbtiefe gleichmäßig angefärbt waren, d.h. die erste Garnkomponente färbte sich nicht unterschiedlich zur zweiten Garnkomponente an. Beim Garn 6 konnte man geringe visuelle Farbton- und Farbtiefenunterschiede feststellen, die zu akzeptieren sind.The dyeing tests on the yarns showed that all yarns 1 to 5 with the above dye combinations I to IV had both the shade and the depth of color evenly dyed, i.e. the first yarn component was not colored differently from the second yarn component. With yarn 6, slight visual differences in color and depth of color were found, which are acceptable.

Garn 7 zeigte deutliche Farbton- und Farbtiefenunterschiede, so daß dieses Garn trotz gleicher Einzelfilamenttiter wegen der bevorstehenden Farbunterschiede nicht geeignet ist.Yarn 7 showed clear color and depth differences, so that despite the same single filament titer, this yarn is not suitable because of the upcoming color differences.

Claims (25)

1. A process of producing a yarn, especially a sewing yarn, by intermingling a first yarn component as core material, which consists of at least one multifilament yarn, with a second yarn component as effect material by means of a fluid stream so that a yarn is formed which has self-crossing loops and slings, and by optionally drawing, thermally treating, twisting, aviving and/or dyeing the yarn produced in such a manner prior to and/or after winding up the same, characterized by carrying out the intermingling step directly without any pre-drawing with the at least one multifilament yarn of the first yarn component which has a specific strength of between 60 cN/tex and 75 cN/tex.
2. The process according to claim 1, characterized by intermingling the first yarn component with an overfeeding of between 1 % to 9 %, preferably of between 2 % and 5 %.
3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by wetting the first yarn component with a liquid prior to intermingling.
4. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by feeding the second yarn component with an overfeeding of between 14 % and 35 %, preferably of between 20 % and 30 %, to the intermingling step.
5. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting a pre-oriented multifilament yarn (POY yarn) as second yarn component.
6. The process according to claim 5, characterized by pre-drawing the pre-oriented multifilament yarn by means of a pin, preferably a heated pin, and thereafter intermingling.
7. The process according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by carrying out the pre-drawing of the pre-oriented multifilament yarn at a pin temperature of between 110° C and 150° C, preferably of between 120° C and 140° C.
8. The process according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized by pre-drawing the pre-oriented multifilament yarn with a ratio which is 2 % to 40 %, preferably 10 % to 25 %, lower than the value at which a break of the multifilament yarn occurs.
9. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting as second yarn component a multifilament yarn with a specific strength of between 20 cN/tex and 75 cN/tex, preferably of between 30 cN/tex and 45 cN/tex or 60 cN/tex and 75 cN/tex.
10. The process according to one of the preceding claims according to which the yarn produced in such a manner is dyed, characterized by adjusting the monofilament titre of the multifilament yarn of the first yarn component and the monofilament titre of the yarn material of the second yarn component with respect to one another in such a manner that filaments with a monofilament titre of between 2 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably of between 2.5 dtex and 4 dtex, are used for the first yarn component and a yarn material with a monofilament titre of between 0.8 dtex and 5 dtex, preferably of between 1 dtex and 4 dtex, is used for the second yarn component.
11. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting as second yarn component a multifilament yarn which is not delustered.
12. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting a mass ratio of the first yarn component relative to the second yarn component of between 90 : 10 to 50 : 50, preferably of between 85 : 15 to 70 : 30.
13. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting for the first yarn component yarn materials having a viscosimetrically determined molecular weight which is 5 % to 50 %, preferably 10 % to 25 %, higher than the viscosimetrically determined molecular weight of a textile standard fiber which is chemically identical in other respects.
14. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by selecting a yarn material with an entire titre of between 100 dtex and 1000 dtex, preferably of between 100 dtex and 600 dtex, for the first yarn component.
15. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by using a yarn material with an elementary thread number of between 16 and 300, preferably of between 24 and 96, for the first yarn component.
16. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by subjecting the intermingled yarn to a tension treatment prior to winding up in such a manner that the self-crossing slings or loops formed during intermingling are decreased in such a manner that their diameter is reduced for 20 % to 95 %, related to their original diameter.
17. The process according to claim 16, characterized by feeding the intermingled yarn to the tension treatment with a speed which is between 0.1 % and 5 %, preferably between 0.1 % and 2.5 %, lower than the speed with which the yarn is drawn-off from the tension treatment.
18. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by subjecting the intermingled yarn prior to winding up to a thermal treatment at a temperature of between 100° C and 250° C, preferably of between 180 C and 240° C.
19. The process according to claim 18, characterized by carrying out the thermal treatment in a hot stream of air.
20. The process according to one of the claims 18 or 19, characterized by carrying out the thermal treatment for between 0.01 s and 10 s, preferably for between 0.05 s and 1 s.
21. The process according to one of the claims 18 to 20, characterized by feeding the intermingled yarn to the thermal treatment with a speed which is the same as or higher than the speed with which the yarn is drawn-off from the thermal treatment.
22. The process according to claim 21, characterized by using a feeding speed which is 0.1 % to 10 %, preferably 2 % to 4 %, higher than the speed with which it is drawn-off.
23. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by providing the intermingled yarn with a twist of between 10 twists/m and 800 twists/m, preferably of between 100 twists/m and 600 twists/m.
24. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by winding up the intermingled yarn with an overfeeding of between 0 % and 10 % and subsequently dyeing and/or aviving the same.
25. The process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by using as first yarn component only one multifilament yarn and as second yarn component also only one multifilament yarn.
EP89116516A 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Method for making a yarn, particularly a sewing yarn, and yarn so obtained Expired - Lifetime EP0367938B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89116516T ATE74974T1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A YARN, IN PARTICULAR A SEWING YARN AND YARN MANUFACTURED THEREFORE.
EP91112663A EP0463635B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Yarn, in particular a sewing yarn
HK106892A HK106892A (en) 1989-09-07 1992-12-31 Method for making a yarn,particularly a sewing yarn,and yarn so obtained

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3831700 1988-09-17
DE3831700A DE3831700A1 (en) 1988-09-17 1988-09-17 METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A YARN, IN PARTICULAR A SEWING YARN, AND A YARN

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112663A Division EP0463635B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Yarn, in particular a sewing yarn
EP91112663.9 Division-Into 1989-09-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0367938A2 EP0367938A2 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0367938A3 EP0367938A3 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0367938B1 true EP0367938B1 (en) 1992-04-15

Family

ID=6363188

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112663A Expired - Lifetime EP0463635B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Yarn, in particular a sewing yarn
EP89116516A Expired - Lifetime EP0367938B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Method for making a yarn, particularly a sewing yarn, and yarn so obtained

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112663A Expired - Lifetime EP0463635B1 (en) 1988-09-17 1989-09-07 Yarn, in particular a sewing yarn

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0463635B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE131881T1 (en)
DE (3) DE3831700A1 (en)
ES (2) ES2082891T3 (en)
HK (1) HK184396A (en)
SG (1) SG88892G (en)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5146738A (en) * 1987-05-15 1992-09-15 Amann Und Sohne Gmbh & Co. Thread having looped effect yarn intermingled with multi-filament core yarn
DE3720237A1 (en) * 1987-06-15 1989-01-05 Amann & Soehne METHOD FOR PRODUCING AIR BLOW TEXTURED SEWING THREAD
DE3834139A1 (en) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-19 Hoechst Ag TWO-COMPONENT LOOP SEWING YARN AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE4215015A1 (en) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Amann & Soehne Stretching process
DE4215016A1 (en) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Amann & Soehne High-strength sewing thread and method for producing such a sewing thread
DE4215212A1 (en) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Amann & Soehne Core yarn and process for producing a core yarn
DE59308918D1 (en) * 1992-07-10 1998-10-01 Hoechst Ag Process for heat treatment of moving yarns and device for carrying out this treatment
DE59309821D1 (en) * 1992-08-26 1999-11-11 Hoechst Ag Fine tied two-component loop yarns of high strength, process for their production and their use as sewing threads and embroidery threads
EP0602489B1 (en) * 1992-12-18 1997-05-07 Amann & Söhne GmbH & Co. Sewing yarn made of synthetic and/or natural fibres
DE59505342D1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1999-04-22 Hoechst Ag Two-component loop yarns, process for their production and their use as sewing threads and embroidery threads
DE4401512A1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-07-27 Hoechst Ag Bi:component air textured yarn for sewing threads
DE4443456A1 (en) 1994-12-07 1996-07-04 Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg Two-component loop yarns made from aramid filaments, process for their production and their use
DE19627010C1 (en) * 1996-07-04 1997-12-11 Madeira Garnfabrik Rudolf Schm Process for producing a low shrinkage yarn
DE19643685C2 (en) * 1996-10-23 2001-05-17 Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg Process for producing a group of mixed yarns and their use
DE19817418A1 (en) * 1998-04-18 1999-10-21 Schoeller Textil Gmbh & Co Kg Application of surface finish to fibers for rovings and yarns
DE10301925A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-29 Deutsche Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Production of multi-component, multi-filament thread with varied shrinkage characteristics, processes components separately and continuously then combines them

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080777A (en) * 1976-09-13 1978-03-28 Akzona Incorporated Novelty yarns
ZA82486B (en) * 1981-02-04 1982-12-29 Coats Ltd J & P Synthetic yarn and yarn-like structures and a method and apparatus for their production
DE3431834A1 (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-06 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt HIGH-STRENGTH SUPPLY THREADS FOR SEWING YARNS AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
US4615167A (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-10-07 Greenberg Neville G Highly entangled thread development
DE3720237A1 (en) * 1987-06-15 1989-01-05 Amann & Soehne METHOD FOR PRODUCING AIR BLOW TEXTURED SEWING THREAD

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE131881T1 (en) 1996-01-15
DE58901175D1 (en) 1992-05-21
DE3831700C2 (en) 1990-09-13
EP0367938A3 (en) 1990-12-27
DE58909540D1 (en) 1996-02-01
ES2032089T3 (en) 1993-01-01
HK184396A (en) 1996-10-11
ATE74974T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DE3831700A1 (en) 1990-03-22
SG88892G (en) 1993-04-16
EP0367938A2 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0463635A1 (en) 1992-01-02
ES2082891T3 (en) 1996-04-01
EP0463635B1 (en) 1995-12-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0295601B1 (en) Method for making a yarn, and yarn having a sheath-core-structure
EP0367938B1 (en) Method for making a yarn, particularly a sewing yarn, and yarn so obtained
DE4121638C2 (en) YARN, ESPECIALLY SEWING YARN, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A YARN
DE2942131A1 (en) YARN AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP0206097B1 (en) Yarn for deformable fabrics and method for making this yarn
EP1103641A1 (en) Method of false twisting a synthetic yarn to make a crimped yarn
DE3844615A1 (en) Yarn, in particular sewing thread
EP0569891B1 (en) Yarn and method for manufacturing a yarn
EP1101848B1 (en) Method of false twist texturing a synthetic yarn to produce a crimped yarn
EP0086451A2 (en) False-twist textured yarn and method for producing it
DE2539272A1 (en) HIGH CONSTRUCTION TEXTURED HYBRID THREAD AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION
EP0569889B1 (en) Drawing process
EP0569890B1 (en) High tensile sewing yarn and method for manufacturing such a sewing yarn
EP1036866A2 (en) Sewing thread and method for the production of a sewing thread
DE4035908C2 (en) Yarn, in particular sewing thread, and method for producing such a yarn
DE2610327A1 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING POLYAMIDE 6, POLYAMIDE 6,6 AND POLYESTER FILAMENT YARNS
DE1660653A1 (en) Spinning and drawing processes
DE19709677A1 (en) Yarn, especially sewing thread
DE3813898A1 (en) Process for producing air jet textured sewing thread
EP0602489B1 (en) Sewing yarn made of synthetic and/or natural fibres
DE3438743A1 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A LOW-VOLUME EFFECT YARN
DE1660482B2 (en) Process for the production of a highly elastic, crimped yarn from a thermoplastic thread bundle
DD296513A5 (en) NAUTHARN AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SEEDING YARN
EP1028183A2 (en) Method and device for making an effect yarn from continuous filaments
EP0099046A2 (en) Method of making a textured combination yarn

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901211

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910904

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19920415

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19920415

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 74974

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19920515

Kind code of ref document: T

XX Miscellaneous (additional remarks)

Free format text: TEILANMELDUNG 91112663.9 EINGEREICHT AM 07/09/89.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58901175

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920521

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BUGNION S.P.A.

ET Fr: translation filed
K2C2 Correction of patent specification (partial reprint) published

Effective date: 19920415

K2C2 Correction of patent specification (partial reprint) published

Effective date: 19920415

NLXE Nl: other communications concerning ep-patents (part 3 heading xe)

Free format text: ON 921029 A NEW PAGE 14 OF THE TRANSLATION OF THE PATENT SPECIFICATION HAVE BEEN RECEIVED IN CONNECTION WITH A CORRECTION ISSUED BY THE EUROPEAN PATENT OFFICE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2032089

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20080916

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20080912

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20080915

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080926

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20080903

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080910

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20081002

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080930

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20080922

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20081021

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

BE20 Be: patent expired

Owner name: *AMANN & SOHNE G.M.B.H. & CO.

Effective date: 20090907

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20090906

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20090907

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20090908

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090906

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090907

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20090908