EP0366215B1 - Replenishment device - Google Patents

Replenishment device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366215B1
EP0366215B1 EP19890202808 EP89202808A EP0366215B1 EP 0366215 B1 EP0366215 B1 EP 0366215B1 EP 19890202808 EP19890202808 EP 19890202808 EP 89202808 A EP89202808 A EP 89202808A EP 0366215 B1 EP0366215 B1 EP 0366215B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filling
valve
sleeve
pipe
filling apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890202808
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0366215A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Schirmacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manfred Schirmacher Te Bergkamen-Overberge Bondsr
Original Assignee
Schering AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schering AG filed Critical Schering AG
Priority to AT89202808T priority Critical patent/ATE85593T1/en
Publication of EP0366215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0366215A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0366215B1 publication Critical patent/EP0366215B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/02Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants
    • B67D7/0288Container connection means
    • B67D7/0294Combined with valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/04Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
    • B67D7/0476Vapour recovery systems
    • B67D7/0478Vapour recovery systems constructional features or components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06Details or accessories
    • B67D7/32Arrangements of safety or warning devices; Means for preventing unauthorised delivery of liquid
    • B67D7/34Means for preventing unauthorised delivery of liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06Details or accessories
    • B67D7/42Filling nozzles
    • B67D7/54Filling nozzles with means for preventing escape of liquid or vapour or for recovering escaped liquid or vapour
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06Details or accessories
    • B67D7/42Filling nozzles
    • B67D7/54Filling nozzles with means for preventing escape of liquid or vapour or for recovering escaped liquid or vapour
    • B67D2007/545Additional means for preventing dispensing of liquid by incorrect sealing engagement with the tank opening of the vapour recovering means, e.g. bellows, shrouds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/86292System with plural openings, one a gas vent or access opening
    • Y10T137/86324Tank with gas vent and inlet or outlet
    • Y10T137/86332Vent and inlet or outlet in unitary mounting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filling device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Filling devices for filling transportable containers are known in a wide variety of forms. For example, they are connected to a stationary supply line via a flexible connecting line and are accessible for manual management or handling.
  • a flexible connecting line is accessible for manual management or handling.
  • special safety precautions and other measures must be taken in order to prevent the uncontrolled escape of the filling material from the lines mentioned into the environment and to prevent any environmental damage, prevent from the filling process.
  • the latter relates, for example, to a controlled removal of those that occur when filling a container Exhaust air or exhaust gases, for example by means of a gas disposal system which is constantly under a certain negative pressure.
  • a filling device for liquefied gas for a stationary tank container which is intended to cooperate with a pipe fitting, which is attached in the tank container wall and is used for filling and at the same time a line for discharging the filler into the tank container from this displaced steam.
  • the filling device can be screwed onto the mentioned pipe socket and there are valves for the steam as well as for the liquid line which are separate from each other and can be actuated automatically by the screwing movement, the opening condition of which only occurs after a correct screwing state has been reached.
  • the steam line and the liquid line mentioned are arranged coaxially one inside the other and there are pairs of valve sets on the one hand in a flexible connecting line and on the other hand inside the pipe socket, which - actuated via plunger - when screwing the connecting line to the pipe socket against the force of return springs are opened, by which both valves of a pair of valves are otherwise kept in the closed state.
  • the flexible connecting line is designed to interact with a tanker and has comparable valve pairings at its end facing the latter, so that when liquid gas is poured into the stationary tank, the tank of the tanker receives the vapor displaced from the stationary tank.
  • This known filling device is therefore intended exclusively for interaction with suitably equipped tank vehicles. Due to the valve pairings mentioned, it is relatively complicated in terms of construction.
  • a filling device for fuel intended to interact with the tank of a motor vehicle is known.
  • This includes a valve influencing the fuel flow, which is opened as a result of proper insertion into a filler neck connected to the tank container wall, the filler device being positively secured in the inserted position by an electromechanically operated locking lever, a slide or the like.
  • an electrical switch Via an electrical switch, the actuation of which depends on the position of a level sensor, said slide, locking lever or the like is transferred to an unlocking position, whereby the filling device is ejected from the pipe socket under the action of spring force and the valve mentioned is closed.
  • a vent line is not provided in this known filling device.
  • the switch mentioned acts only in one, the level and the correct insertion circuit taking the filling device into account and is not available for higher-level control tasks.
  • a further filling device for the tank container of a motor vehicle which includes a spring-loaded valve which opens the fuel flow in the case of correct insertion into the filler neck of the tank container.
  • a ventilation line the further fuel flow is interrupted in a manner known per se when a maximum fill level of the tank container is reached.
  • the vent line mentioned does not have an automatically operable valve in the filling device.
  • the switching movements required to actuate the fuel valve are also derived not from screwing movements but from a mere plug-in movement of a key-like element into a receptacle provided for this purpose.
  • the starting point of the invention is therefore a filling device, the valve closing the filling tube of which is actuated in a container, such as a tank container, depending on the state of the filling device.
  • the starting point of the invention is also a filling device, which also includes a vent valve, which is also actuated in dependence on the state of filling of the filling device on said container, the switching movements required for actuating the valves being derived from the screwing movement of the filling device on the filler pipe socket of a tank container.
  • the filling device forms the end member of, for example, a flexible line, for example a hose, which in turn is connected to a stationary filling system, at the end point of which counters, shut-off valves or the like are arranged.
  • the valve mentioned prevents the remaining amount of liquid in the flexible line from escaping in an uncontrolled manner when the filling device is detached from a tank container, so that the said line runs empty. Human misconduct that amounts to an unintentional triggering of a filling process does not develop any harmful effects.
  • the product valve is thus only opened after a reliable coupling of the filling device and the tank container has been achieved. This reliable clutch also affects the bleed valve, which is only opened when this clutch has come about.
  • the pipeline network is constantly under a certain negative pressure.
  • the vent valve By opening the vent valve only after the coupling with the tank container has been established, unnecessary intake of false air is prevented, so that the amount of exhaust gas to be disposed of is reduced to the amount of gas is limited, which is actually displaced from the respective tank container as a result of the filling process.
  • This type of control of the vent valve thus makes a significant contribution to economical operation of an exhaust gas disposal system.
  • the filling device is particularly suitable for economical operation of large filling systems containing automatically operated exhaust air disposal systems. In gas shuttle operation, the intrusion of external air or gas outlet is also kept to a minimum.
  • the switching movement required to actuate the aforementioned valves is derived from the axial relative movement of two sleeve parts which are guided coaxially one inside the other, one of which is firmly connected to the filling pipe.
  • the sliding movement of the sleeve parts is initiated by a screwing process, which is carried out, for example, by means of a union nut encompassing one of the two sleeve parts, the latter being screwed to a pipe socket covering the bunghole of a tank container.
  • the switching movements are thus derived from the axial displacement of the sleeve parts relative to a defined screw connection.
  • both the filling valve and the vent valve are opened in a structurally particularly simple and reliable manner as a function of a correct attachment state of the filling device to the tank container, which prevents incorrect operation and at the same time contributes to the economical operation of an exhaust gas disposal system .
  • a switch can be provided, which is also due to the attachment state the filling device is actuated.
  • this switch can generate an electrical, but also a pneumatic or other output signal, which indicates the attachment state of the filling device and is used for internal and external control processes and interlocks required within a filling system. For example, this can prevent a pressure build-up in the respective flexible connecting line in the event of an incorrect coupling of the filling device to the tank container.
  • the switch can also be integrated in any way into more complex monitoring systems, for the operation of which a signal indicating the fastening state of the filling device is necessary or expedient.
  • the switching movement required to actuate the switch can also be derived very advantageously from the screwing movement of the sleeve parts according to the invention, in accordance with the features of claim 3.
  • the vent valve is structurally combined with the aforementioned sleeve parts, which results in a particularly simple construction.
  • the sleeve parts are elastically fixed in their axial position relative to one another by means of a spring element and are designed to be open with respect to their end facing the tank container.
  • the filling pipe penetrating the socket parts only takes up part of the cross section of the socket parts.
  • a flexible line for example a hose, can in turn be connected to a piece of exhaust gas pipe connected to the bores of the respective outer sleeve part, which in turn is the connecting element to an exhaust gas disposal system comprehensive, automated filling system.
  • the features of claim 6 are directed to a simple constructive implementation of the switching movement of the sleeve parts for actuating the valve arranged at the outlet of the filling pipe.
  • the actuating rod arranged here represents a mechanically very simple and very robust component for transmitting this switching movement.
  • the switch can be actuated according to the features of claim 7 in a particularly simple manner via an actuating pin, the actual switch being arranged in such a way that the pin transmits the movement of the sleeve parts relative to one another, to the extent that with reliable screwing of the filling device with the mentioned pipe socket the switch is transferred into a switching position indicating this operating state.
  • other switching principles e.g. Valves, mechanical or non-contact switches are used. It is only essential that the screwing state can be clearly identified and implemented in terms of circuitry.
  • a fill level sensor can also be integrated into the filling device in terms of components.
  • the signal generated by the filling device on the output side and indicating the filling state of the respective tank container can in turn be used in any desired manner in a higher-level measuring and monitoring system.
  • FIG. 1 denotes the filling device in its entirety. In the illustration shown, it is screwed onto the pipe socket 2 of the bung hole 3 of a tank container, which is otherwise not shown. It has a tubular base body or filler pipe 4, which serves to guide a liquid medium, which projects into the tank container at one end and at the other end with connection fittings, which are denoted in their entirety by 5, for isolation (FIG. 4 ) Coupling a connecting hose, pipe or the like are used.
  • the filling pipe 4 is inserted into a sleeve part 6, which is provided on its end facing the pipe socket 2 with a radially outwardly extending ring flange 7 which is intended to rest on the pipe socket 2.
  • the sleeve part 6 is closed on its end facing away from the ring flange 7 by a base part 8, the latter penetrating the latter from the filling pipe 4 becomes.
  • the base part 8 is designed as a flat disc.
  • a further sleeve part is designated, which coaxially surrounds the sleeve part 6 and is slidably arranged relative to the latter.
  • the sleeve part 9 is provided at its end facing the bung hole 3 with an annular flange 10 and is closed at its other end by a base part, in which the filling tube 4 is inserted in a sealing manner.
  • connection fittings 15 are used for the isolated coupling of a flexible line, a hose, a pipe or the like according to FIG. 4. When used according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 6, these connection fittings 5, 15 can be omitted if no electrical line monitoring takes place.
  • a union nut surrounding the socket part 9 on the outside 17 is equipped at one end with a radially inwardly projecting flange 18 intended to overlap the annular flange 10 and screwed onto the external thread 19 of the pipe socket 2.
  • the union nut 17 is provided with a number of handles 68 or the like, which are schematically indicated here and are welded to the union nut 17 on the outside.
  • the bores 22 correspond in their dimensions to the bores 14 and are arranged relative to the latter in such a way that the bores 14 and 22 can be brought into an aligned arrangement by axially displacing the sleeve part 9 relative to the sleeve part 6.
  • the bores 14, 22 in connection with the corresponding sections of the sleeve parts 6, 9 form a vent valve 20, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the filler pipe 4 has at its end facing the tank container an enlarged section 23, the end facing the tank interior is closed by a valve 24.
  • the valve 24 has a spherical blocking body 25 which closes an outflow opening 26 and to which an actuating rod 27 is fastened.
  • the actuating rod 27 extends essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the base body 4 and is fixed at its end in the bottom part 8 of the socket part 9. It can be seen from this that tightening or loosening the union nut 17 results in relative movements of the sleeve part 9 with respect to the sleeve part 6 in the direction of the arrows 28, as a result of which the outflow opening 26 is opened or closed by a corresponding movement of the locking body 25.
  • actuating pin which cooperates with a switch 30, in such a way that by moving the bottom part 8 and thus the pin 29 in the direction of the switch 30 through the latter one Switching function is exercised.
  • the shift path of the pin 29 assigned to this switching function is dimensioned such that this switching function, the meaning of which will also be discussed in the following, is only triggered when a reliable screwing of the filling device to the tank container has been achieved by sufficiently tightening the union nut 17.
  • the switch 30 thus signals the flawless, in particular reliable coupling of the filling device to the tank container and is provided for this purpose with signal lines which, however, are not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity in the drawing.
  • 31 denotes a level sensor screwed into the bottom part 11, which can basically be based on any, for example electrical or pneumatic, functional principles.
  • the headboard 32 of this Level sensor 31 is provided with corresponding signal lines, which, however, are also not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the insulating union nuts 62, 63, the seal 64 and the metallic connections 65 with the welded-on fastening eyes 66 serve as signal lines.
  • the filling device according to the invention is distinguished by a series of special safety precautions, by means of which harmful effects as a result of incorrect operation or other mishandling can be largely avoided.
  • the liquid entering in the direction of arrow 32 'into the filling device can only emerge from this when a reliable screw connection is produced by means of the union nut 17, as a result of which the valve 24 releases the outflow opening 26, so that the liquid in the direction of arrow 33 can flow into the tank container.
  • the above-mentioned vent valve 20 formed by the bores 14, 22 is not opened before this screw connection is made.
  • a further signal derived from the screw connection can be passed on to external control devices via the switch 30.
  • the filling device 1 represents the end member of, for example, a flexible metal hose, which in turn is assigned a counter and a shut-off valve. This means that the interior of the filling pipe 4 can already be filled with liquid before being screwed to the pipe socket of the bunghole. An uncontrolled emergence of the same however, valve 24 prevents the fill tube from flowing. The same applies to the dismantling of the filling device 1 from a tank container after the maximum permissible level within the tank container has been signaled by means of the fill level sensor 31. A loosening of the union nut 17 results in an immediate closure of the valve 24, so that there is no risk of an uncontrolled escape of the remaining amount of liquid in the filling pipe and the metal hose connected to the connection fittings 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows a filling device 1 which is screwed onto the pipe socket 2 of a tank container 34.
  • a flexible line 35 connects the connection fitting 5 of the filling pipe 4 to a, for example, stationary supply line 36, at the end point of which a counter 37 and a quick-closing valve 38 or other shut-off device are arranged, which can be actuated by the counter 37.
  • the latter operative connection is indicated by the dashed line 39.
  • the counter 37 is designed such that a defined amount of liquid can be set on it, after the flow of which the quick-closing valve 38 is actuated automatically.
  • the exhaust gas disposal system 41 can be designed in a conventional manner so that a certain negative pressure is present within the line 40.
  • the filling device 1 connected via the lines 40, 35 to the feed line 36 or the exhaust gas disposal system 41 is placed on the pipe socket 2 and screwed by means of the union nut 17.
  • the valve 24 and the ventilation valve 13 described above, associated with the exhaust pipe 13 are opened.
  • the desired amount of liquid is then set on the counter 37 and the filling process is initiated by opening the quick-closing valve 38.
  • the filling process is ended as soon as the quantity of liquid to be introduced into the tank container 34 has been reached.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially in that here the quick-closing valve 38 is in operative connection with the switch 30 via the signal lines 67 in that the filling process is triggered by opening the quick-closing valve 38 by means of the the actuator 37 attached to the counter is prevented as long as the filling device is not sufficiently screwed to the pipe socket 2. In this way, pressure build-up within line 35 is avoided if the filling device is not properly connected.
  • the quick-closing valve 38 is automatically switched off by the counter 37 after reaching the amount of liquid set on the counter.
  • the mode of operation of the valve 24 and of the venting valve corresponds to that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the filling device is equipped with a fill level sensor 31 and is integrated in a system in which special protective measures with regard to static electricity and possibly defective lines 35, 40 are additionally provided.
  • the line 35 is connected at both ends via electrically insulating screw and flange connections 42, 43 to the filling pipe 4 or the feed line 36.
  • the line 40 is connected via further electrically insulating screw and flange connections 44, 45 to the exhaust line 13 on the one hand and the exhaust gas disposal system 41 on the other. Both the line 35 and the line 40 are electrically conductive in a manner known per se.
  • a control device which, in a manner yet to be described, is operatively connected to a monitoring device 48, a display device 49 and the quick-closing valve 38 or another shut-off device.
  • 50 denotes an actuating device which is connected to the monitoring device.
  • an electrical line 51 leads back via an emergency stop switch 52, the line 35, an electrical line 53, the fill level sensor 31, an electrical line 54, the switch 30, a further electrical line 55, the line 40 and a line 56 to the monitoring device 48, through which this circuit is closed.
  • 57 denotes a network connection to which the monitoring device 48 is connected.
  • the fill level sensor 31 has a thermistor known per se, the principle of which is based on a change in resistance when immersed in a cold liquid. To monitor the fill level, a certain voltage is thus impressed on this latter circuit, wherein depending on the resistance or the conductivity of the circuit, a certain current is set, from whose measurement the detection of malfunctions is derived.
  • this filling device 1 To use this filling device 1 according to FIG. 4, it is first screwed - as already shown above - by means of the union nut 17 to the pipe socket 2 of the tank container 34 in such a way that the valve 24 and the vent valve 13 assigned to the vent line 13 are opened at all. At the same time, the screw 30 is also connected to the screw connection. In the filling process initiated via the actuating device 50, the status of the connecting lines and the filling level of the tank container 34 are first checked by means of the monitoring device 48 using the circuit described above. For this purpose, the conductivity or the resistance within the circuit mentioned is measured during a defined time interval.
  • one of the lines 35, 40 is defective, for example if there is a break or damage, this is recognized immediately on the basis of the resistance measurement. For example, if there is still no reliable screw connection, this is also recognized immediately due to the open switch 30. Finally, if the filling device 1 has been accidentally screwed onto an already filled tank container 34 in such a way that the PTC sensor of the fill level sensor is immersed in the liquid, this is also immediately recognized by the monitoring device. In all of these malfunctions, a corresponding signal is sent to the control device 47 so that, despite the initiation of the filling process via the actuating device 50, the quick-closing valve 38 is not opened accordingly.
  • the display device 49 which can be, for example, the monitor of an EDP system, serves to display faults or the switching status of the system shown here.
  • the filling device 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for integration into more complex safety or Monitoring systems offers and is therefore particularly suitable for handling environmentally hazardous liquids, for example water-polluting, flammable liquid mixtures, acids, solvents or the like, in which an uncontrolled escape from line systems must be prevented.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment in which a valve is actuated by means of the switch 30 integrated in the filling device 1, by means of which a signal is transmitted pneumatically to a control device 58 which indicates the screwed state of the union nut 17.
  • the linkage of the switch 30 with the control device 58 can, however, in principle also take place via other signal carriers.
  • the tank container 34 is placed on a scale 59, on the control unit 60 of which the target quantity of a filling material to be introduced into the tank container 34 can be adjusted. If this target quantity is reached, a corresponding signal from the control device 58 is sent via the line 61 fed. 5, gravimetric filling of liquid contents into a tank container 34 or another vessel is thus made possible.
  • the filling process is initiated by means of the control device 58, the quick-closing valve 38 or the shut-off valve arranged here only being actuated when there is a reliable screwing of the union nut 17, as a result of which in turn the valve 24 and the vent valve associated with the exhaust line 13 be opened. However, the latter opening only takes place if line 61 does not signal that the set target quantity has been reached or that another limit value is pending.
  • FIG. 6 an exemplary embodiment of a filling device is shown in FIG. 6, which in turn contains the valve 24 as a fuel nozzle, corresponding to the previous exemplary embodiments, the locking by the actuating pin 29 now acting directly mechanically or by a switch 30 on the actuation of the fuel nozzle. If the union nut 17 is not properly tightened, actuation of the nozzle is ineffective.
  • the functional connection of the movement of the union nut with the actuating mechanism of the nozzle can in principle be done as desired.
  • the nozzle is also equipped with a level sensor, by means of which the filling process is ended as soon as a maximum permissible liquid level is detected.
  • the nozzle shown here, integrated into the filling device 1, is in turn, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, not only connected to a feed line 36, but also to an exhaust gas disposal system, so that this variant is also used the amount of exhaust gas to be disposed of is kept to a minimum.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)

Abstract

A filling device for transportable containers and other suitable receptacles for the receipt of liquids, which facilitate a reliable and particularly feasible indication of faulty conditions encountered during operation in consideration of the handling thereof. A valve which closes off a filling tube of the container is actuated in dependence upon the connecting conditions of the filling device to the container; such as a tank container. When the filling device is not adequately coupled with an inlet pipe or any other device of the tank container, flow of liquid filling material cannot be initiated inasmuch as this flow is positively inhibited by the valve. Pursuant to another aspect, a vent or relief valve is automatically actuated in dependence upon the connected condition. The vent valve is also only first opened then when there has taken place a satisfactory or proper coupling with the respective tank container. This is of considerable significance for exhaust gas or, in essence, exhaust air removal installations, whose pipeline network continually stands under a certain subatmospheric pressure. Furthermore, there is a provision for an external display and plotting of a correct connection, as well for the operation of a sensor indicative of the filling condition which is present.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Befülleinrichtung entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a filling device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Befülleinrichtungen zum Befüllen transportierbarer Behältnisse sind in den unterschiedlichsten Formen bekannt. Sie sind beispielsweise über eine flexible Verbindungsleitung an eine ortfeste Zuleitung angeschlossen und einer manuellen Führung bzw. Handhabung zugänglich. Entsprechend der Art des jeweiligen flüssigen Füllgutes, insbesondere dem Ausmaß der von diesem ausgehenden Umweltgefährdung und möglichen Schadwirkungen müssen besondere Sicherheitsvorkehrungen und sonstige Maßnahmen getroffen werden, um ein unkontrolliertes Austreten des Füllgutes aus den genannten Leitungen in die Umgebung zu verhindern und um jegliche Beeinträchtigungen der Umwelt, die von dem Befüllvorgang ausgehen, zu verhindern. Letzteres betrifft z.B. ein kontrolliertes Abführen der beim Befüllen eines Behälters anfallenden Abluft bzw. Abgase, beispielsweise mittels einer ständig unter einem gewissen Unterdruck stehenden Gasentsorgungsanlage. Ein unkontrolliertes Austreten des Füllgutes in die Umgebung kann in vielfältiger Form als Folge von Fehlbedienungen oder auch des nicht ordnungsgemäßen Zustands der Verbindung der Befülleinrichtung mit dem jeweiligen Behältnis eintreten. Viele der bisher bekannten Befülleinrichtungen können als nicht hinreichend betriebssicher angesehen werden und sind nicht geeignet, um die von einem menschlichen Fehlverhalten ausgehenden Risiken zu eliminieren. Außerdem werdenwie im Falle der an sich bekannten Überfüllsicherungenhäufig nur Teilaspekte der bei der Handhabung umweltgefährdender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere beim Befüllen transportierbarer Behältnisse bestehenden Sicherheitsprobleme erfaßt.Filling devices for filling transportable containers are known in a wide variety of forms. For example, they are connected to a stationary supply line via a flexible connecting line and are accessible for manual management or handling. Depending on the type of liquid filling material, in particular the extent of the environmental hazard and possible harmful effects emanating from it, special safety precautions and other measures must be taken in order to prevent the uncontrolled escape of the filling material from the lines mentioned into the environment and to prevent any environmental damage, prevent from the filling process. The latter relates, for example, to a controlled removal of those that occur when filling a container Exhaust air or exhaust gases, for example by means of a gas disposal system which is constantly under a certain negative pressure. An uncontrolled escape of the filling material into the environment can occur in a variety of ways as a result of incorrect operation or also the incorrect state of the connection of the filling device to the respective container. Many of the filling devices known to date can be regarded as insufficiently reliable and are not suitable for eliminating the risks arising from human error. In addition, as in the case of the overfill prevention devices known per se, only partial aspects of the safety problems existing in the handling of environmentally hazardous liquids, in particular when filling transportable containers, are recorded.

Aus der US-A-2 348 478 ist eine Befülleinrichtung für Flüssiggas für einen ortsfesten Tankbehälter bekannt, welche zum Zusammenwirken mit einem, in der Tankbehälterwandung angebrachten, dem Einfüllen dienenden Rohrstutzen bestimmt ist und welche gleichzeitig eine Leitung zur Abführung des beim Einfüllen in den Tankbehälter aus diesem verdrängten Dampfes beinhaltet. Die Befülleinrichtung ist auf den genannten Rohrstutzen aufschraubbar und es sind sowohl für die Dampf- als auch für die Flüssigkeitsleitung voneinander getrennte, automatisch durch die Verschraubungsbewegung betätigbare Ventile vorgesehen, deren Öffnungszustand sich erst nach Erreichen eines ordnungsgemäßen Verschraubungszustands einstellt. Die genannte Dampfleitung und die Flüssigkeitsleitung sind koaxial ineinander verlaufend angeordnet und es sind jeweils paarweise Ventilsätze einerseits in einer flexiblen Anschlußleitung und andererseits innerhalb des Rohrstutzens vorgesehen, die - über Stößel betätigt - beim Verschrauben der Anschlußleitung mit dem Rohrstutzen entgegen der Kraft von Rückstellfedern geöffnet werden, durch welche beide Ventile eines Ventilpaares ansonsten im Schließzustand gehalten werden. Die flexible Anschlußleitung ist zum Zusammenwirken mit einem Tankfahrzeug augebildet und weist an ihrem, dem letztgenannten zugekehrten Ende vergleichbare Ventilpaarungen auf, so daß beim Einfüllen von Flüssiggas in den ortsfesten Tankbehälter der Tank des Tankfahrzeugs den aus dem ortsfesten Tankbehälter verdrängten Dampf aufnimmt. Es ist somit diese bekannte Fülleinrichtung ausschließlich zum Zusammenwirken mit entsprechend ausgerüsteten Tankfahrzeugen bestimmt. Sie gestaltet sich aufgrund der genannten Ventilpaarungen in konstruktiver Hinsicht verhältnismäßig kompliziert.From US-A-2 348 478 a filling device for liquefied gas for a stationary tank container is known, which is intended to cooperate with a pipe fitting, which is attached in the tank container wall and is used for filling and at the same time a line for discharging the filler into the tank container from this displaced steam. The filling device can be screwed onto the mentioned pipe socket and there are valves for the steam as well as for the liquid line which are separate from each other and can be actuated automatically by the screwing movement, the opening condition of which only occurs after a correct screwing state has been reached. The steam line and the liquid line mentioned are arranged coaxially one inside the other and there are pairs of valve sets on the one hand in a flexible connecting line and on the other hand inside the pipe socket, which - actuated via plunger - when screwing the connecting line to the pipe socket against the force of return springs are opened, by which both valves of a pair of valves are otherwise kept in the closed state. The flexible connecting line is designed to interact with a tanker and has comparable valve pairings at its end facing the latter, so that when liquid gas is poured into the stationary tank, the tank of the tanker receives the vapor displaced from the stationary tank. This known filling device is therefore intended exclusively for interaction with suitably equipped tank vehicles. Due to the valve pairings mentioned, it is relatively complicated in terms of construction.

Aus der US-A 1 911 987 ist eine zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Tank eines Kraftfahrzeugs bestimmte Befülleinrichtung für Treibstoff bekannt. Diese beinhaltet ein den Kraftstofffluß beeinflussendes Ventil, welches als Folge eines ordnungsgemäßen Einsetzens in einen, mit der Tankbehälterwandung in Verbindung stehenden Befüllstutzen geöffnet wird, wobei die Befülleinrichtung in der eingesetzten Stellung formschlüssig durch einen elektromechanisch betätigten Sperrhebel, einen Schieber oder dergleichen gesichert ist. Über einen elektrischen Schalter, dessen Betätigung von der Position eines Füllstandssensors abhängig ist, wird der genannte Schieber, Sperrhebel oder dergleichen in eine Entriegelungsstellung überführt, wodurch die Befülleinrichtung unter Federkraftwirkung aus dem Rohrstutzen ausgestoßen und das genannte Ventil geschlossen wird. Es ist bei dieser bekannten Befülleinrichtung eine Entlüftungsleitung nicht vorgesehen. Der genannte Schalter wirkt lediglich in einem, den Füllstand und das ordnungsgemäße Einsetzen der Befülleinrichtung berücksichtigenden Stromkreis und steht nicht für übergeordnete Steuerungsaufgaben zur Verfügung.From US-A 1 911 987 a filling device for fuel intended to interact with the tank of a motor vehicle is known. This includes a valve influencing the fuel flow, which is opened as a result of proper insertion into a filler neck connected to the tank container wall, the filler device being positively secured in the inserted position by an electromechanically operated locking lever, a slide or the like. Via an electrical switch, the actuation of which depends on the position of a level sensor, said slide, locking lever or the like is transferred to an unlocking position, whereby the filling device is ejected from the pipe socket under the action of spring force and the valve mentioned is closed. A vent line is not provided in this known filling device. The switch mentioned acts only in one, the level and the correct insertion circuit taking the filling device into account and is not available for higher-level control tasks.

Schließlich ist aus der US-A-3 880 214 eine weitere Befülleinrichtung für den Tankbehälter eines Kraftfahrzeugs bekannt, welche ein federbelastetes, den Kraftstofffluß im Falle des ordnungsgemäßen Einsetzens in den Befüllstutzen des Tankbehälters öffnendes Ventil beinhaltet. Über eine Entlüftungsleitung wird in an sich bekannter Weise bei Erreichen eines Maximalfüllstands des Tankbehälters der weitere Kraftstofffluß unterbrochen. Die genannte Entlüftungsleitung weist kein automatisch betätigbares Ventil in der Befülleinrichtung auf. Auch werden die zur Betätigung des Kraftstoffventils erforderlichen Schaltbewegungen nicht aus Schraubbewegungen sondern aus einer reinen Steckbewegung eines schlüsselartigen Elements in eine hierfür vorgesehene Aufnahme abgeleitet.Finally, from US-A-3 880 214 a further filling device for the tank container of a motor vehicle is known, which includes a spring-loaded valve which opens the fuel flow in the case of correct insertion into the filler neck of the tank container. Via a ventilation line, the further fuel flow is interrupted in a manner known per se when a maximum fill level of the tank container is reached. The vent line mentioned does not have an automatically operable valve in the filling device. The switching movements required to actuate the fuel valve are also derived not from screwing movements but from a mere plug-in movement of a key-like element into a receptacle provided for this purpose.

Es ist nach alledem die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Befülleinrichtung der eingangs bezeichneten Gattung dahingehend auszugestalten, daß in einfacher und wirtschaftlicher Weise ein sicherer, insbesondere mögliche Fehlverhaltensweisen bei der Bedienung berücksichtigender Betrieb ermöglicht wird. Gelöst ist diese Aufgabe bei einer gattungsgemäßen Befülleinrichtung durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichnungsteils des Anspruchs 1.It is after all the object of the invention to design a filling device of the type mentioned in such a way that a safe, in particular possible misconduct in operation is taken into account in a simple and economical manner. This object is achieved in a generic filling device by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung ist somit eine Befülleinrichtung, deren das Füllrohr verschließende Ventil in Abhängigkeit vom Beiestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung an einem Behältnis wie z.B. einem Tankbehälter betätigt wird. Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung ist ferner eine Befülleinrichtung, die auch ein Entlüftungsventil beinhaltet, das ebenfalls in Abhängigkeit von dem Beiestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung an dem genannten Behälter betätigt wird, wobei die zur Betätigung der Ventile benötigten Schaltbewegungen aus der Verschraubungsbewegung der Befülleinrichtung an dem Einfüll-Rohrstutzen eines Tankbehälters abgeleitet werden. In dem Fall, in dem somit die Befülleinrichtung nicht hinreichend mit dem Einlaufrohr oder einer sonstigen Einrichtung des Tankbehälters gekuppelt ist, kann ein Füllgutfluß nicht eingeleitet werden, da dieser durch das genannte Ventil zwangsläufig unterbunden wird. Die Befülleinrichtung bildet das Endglied einer beispielsweise flexiblen Leitung, z.B. eines Schlauches, der seinerseits an eine ortsfeste Befüllanlage, an deren Endpunkt Zähler, Absperrventile oder dergleichen angeordnet sind, angeschlossen ist. Durch das genannte Ventil wird gleichzeitig verhindert, daß bei einer von einem Tankbehälter gelösten Befülleinrichtung die restliche in der flexiblen Leitung befindliche Flüssigkeitsmenge unkontrolliert austritt, die genannte Leitung somit leerläuft. Menschliche Fehlverhaltensweisen, die auf ein unbeabsichtigtes Auslösen eines Befüllvorgangs hinauslaufen, entwickeln somit keinerlei Schadwirkungen. Es ist das genannte Füllgutventil somit erst geöffnet, nachdem eine zuverlässige Kupplung der Befülleinrichtung und dem Tankbehälter zustandegekommen ist. Von dieser zuverlässigen Kupplung wird auch das Entlüftungsventil betroffen, welches erst dann geöffnet ist, wenn diese Kupplung zustandegekommen ist. Dieser Gesichtspunkt ist von großer Bedeutung bei Abgas- bzw. Abluftentsorgungsanlagen, deren Rohrleitungsnetz ständig unter einem gewissen Unterdruck steht. Indem das Entlüftungsventil erst dann öffnet, nachdem die Kupplung mit dem Tankbehälter zustandegekommen ist, wird ein unnötiges Ansaugen von Falschluft verhindert, so daß die zu entsorgende Abgasmenge auf die Gasmenge beschränkt ist, die aus dem jeweiligen Tankbehälter als Folge des Befüllvorgangs tatsächlich verdrängt wird. Durch diese Art der Ansteuerung des Entlüftungsventils wird somit in erheblicher Weise zu einem wirtschaftlichen Betrieb einer Abgasentsorgungsanlage beigetragen. Es ist auf diese Weise die Befülleinrichtung insbesondere für einen wirtschaftlichen Betrieb großer, automatisiert betriebene Abluftentsorgungsanlagen beinhaltende Befüllanlagen geeignet. Bei Gaspendelbetrieb wird der Fremdlufteinbruch bzw. Gasaustritt ebenfalls auf ein Mindestmaß beschränkt. Erfindungsgemäß wird die zur Betätigung der genannten Ventile erforderliche Schaltbewegung aus der axialen Relativbewegung zweier, koaxial ineinander geführter Muffenteile abgeleitet, von denen eine mit dem Füllrohr in fester Verbindung steht. Eingeleitet wird die Verschiebebewegung der Muffenteile durch einen Verschraubungsvorgang, der beispielsweise mittels einer, das eine der beiden Muffenteile außenseitig umgreifenden Überwurfmutter durchgeführt wird, welch letztere mit einem, das Spundloch eines Tankbehälters überdeckenden Rohrstutzen verschraubt ist. Es werden somit die Schaltbewegungen aus der einer definierten Verschraubung entsprechenden axialen Verschiebung der Muffenteile zueinander abgeleitet. Es werden somit bei der erfindungsgemäßen Befülleinrichtung ein konstruktiv besonders einfacher und zuverlässiger Weise sowohl das Füllgutventil als auch das Entlüftungsventil in Abhängigkeit von einem korrekten Befestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung an dem Tankbehälter geöffnet, womit Fehlbedienungen vorgebeugt ist und gleichzeitig ein Beitrag zu einem wirtschaftlichen Betrieb einer Abgasentsorgungsanlage geleistet ist.The starting point of the invention is therefore a filling device, the valve closing the filling tube of which is actuated in a container, such as a tank container, depending on the state of the filling device. The starting point of the invention is also a filling device, which also includes a vent valve, which is also actuated in dependence on the state of filling of the filling device on said container, the switching movements required for actuating the valves being derived from the screwing movement of the filling device on the filler pipe socket of a tank container. In the event that the filling device is not adequately coupled to the inlet pipe or another device of the tank container, a filling material flow cannot be initiated since this is inevitably prevented by the valve mentioned. The filling device forms the end member of, for example, a flexible line, for example a hose, which in turn is connected to a stationary filling system, at the end point of which counters, shut-off valves or the like are arranged. At the same time, the valve mentioned prevents the remaining amount of liquid in the flexible line from escaping in an uncontrolled manner when the filling device is detached from a tank container, so that the said line runs empty. Human misconduct that amounts to an unintentional triggering of a filling process does not develop any harmful effects. The product valve is thus only opened after a reliable coupling of the filling device and the tank container has been achieved. This reliable clutch also affects the bleed valve, which is only opened when this clutch has come about. This aspect is of great importance in exhaust gas or exhaust air disposal systems, the pipeline network is constantly under a certain negative pressure. By opening the vent valve only after the coupling with the tank container has been established, unnecessary intake of false air is prevented, so that the amount of exhaust gas to be disposed of is reduced to the amount of gas is limited, which is actually displaced from the respective tank container as a result of the filling process. This type of control of the vent valve thus makes a significant contribution to economical operation of an exhaust gas disposal system. In this way, the filling device is particularly suitable for economical operation of large filling systems containing automatically operated exhaust air disposal systems. In gas shuttle operation, the intrusion of external air or gas outlet is also kept to a minimum. According to the invention, the switching movement required to actuate the aforementioned valves is derived from the axial relative movement of two sleeve parts which are guided coaxially one inside the other, one of which is firmly connected to the filling pipe. The sliding movement of the sleeve parts is initiated by a screwing process, which is carried out, for example, by means of a union nut encompassing one of the two sleeve parts, the latter being screwed to a pipe socket covering the bunghole of a tank container. The switching movements are thus derived from the axial displacement of the sleeve parts relative to a defined screw connection. In the filling device according to the invention, both the filling valve and the vent valve are opened in a structurally particularly simple and reliable manner as a function of a correct attachment state of the filling device to the tank container, which prevents incorrect operation and at the same time contributes to the economical operation of an exhaust gas disposal system .

Gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 kann ein Schalter vorgesehen sein, der ebenfalls durch den Befestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung betätigt wird. Dieser Schalter kann grundsätzlich ein elektrisches, jedoch auch ein pneumatisches oder sonstiges Ausgangssignal erzeugen, welches den Befestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung anzeigt und zu internen und externen, innerhalb einer Befüllanlage erforderlichen Steuerungsvorgängen und Verriegelungen benutzt wird. Beispielsweise kann auf diese Weise verhindert werden, daß es im Falle eines nicht ordnungsgemäßen Ankuppelns der Befülleinrichtung an den Tankbehälter zu einem Druckaufbau in der jeweiligen flexiblen Verbindungsleitung kommt. Der Schalter kann jedoch in beliebiger Weise auch in komplexere Überwachungssysteme integriert sein, für deren Betrieb ein den Befestigungszustand der Befülleinrichtung anzeigendes Signal erforderlich bzw. zweckmäßig ist.According to the features of claim 2, a switch can be provided, which is also due to the attachment state the filling device is actuated. In principle, this switch can generate an electrical, but also a pneumatic or other output signal, which indicates the attachment state of the filling device and is used for internal and external control processes and interlocks required within a filling system. For example, this can prevent a pressure build-up in the respective flexible connecting line in the event of an incorrect coupling of the filling device to the tank container. However, the switch can also be integrated in any way into more complex monitoring systems, for the operation of which a signal indicating the fastening state of the filling device is necessary or expedient.

Die zur Betätigung des Schalter erforderliche Schaltbewegung kann gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3 ebenfalls sehr vorteilhaft aus der Verschraubüngsbewegung der erfindungsgemäßen Muffenteile abgeleitet werden.The switching movement required to actuate the switch can also be derived very advantageously from the screwing movement of the sleeve parts according to the invention, in accordance with the features of claim 3.

Gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 4 und 5 ist das Entlüftungsventil baulich mit den genannten Muffenteilen zusammengefaßt, woraus sich eine besonders einfache Konstruktion ergibt. Die Muffenteile sind mittels eines Federelements in ihrer axialen Position relativ zueinander elastisch fixiert und mit Hinblick auf ihr, dem Tankbehälter zugekehrtes Ende offen ausgebildet. Das die Muffenteile durchdringende Füllrohr nimmt hierbei lediglich einen Teil des Querschnitts der Muffenteile in Anspruch. An ein, an die Bohrungen des jeweils äußeren Muffenteils anschließendes Abgasleitungsrohrstück kann wiederum eine flexible Leitung, beispielsweise ein Schlauch angeschlossen werden, der seinerseits das Verbindungsglied zu einer, eine Abgasentsorgungsanlage umfassende, automatisiert arbeitende Befüllanlage bildet.According to the features of claims 4 and 5, the vent valve is structurally combined with the aforementioned sleeve parts, which results in a particularly simple construction. The sleeve parts are elastically fixed in their axial position relative to one another by means of a spring element and are designed to be open with respect to their end facing the tank container. The filling pipe penetrating the socket parts only takes up part of the cross section of the socket parts. A flexible line, for example a hose, can in turn be connected to a piece of exhaust gas pipe connected to the bores of the respective outer sleeve part, which in turn is the connecting element to an exhaust gas disposal system comprehensive, automated filling system.

Die Merkmale des Anspruchs 6 sind auf eine einfache konstruktive Umsetzung der Schaltbewegung der Muffenteile zur Betätigung des am Ausgang des Füllrohr angeordneten Ventils gerichtet. Die hier angeordnete Betätigungsstange stellt ein mechanisch sehr einfaches und sehr robustes Bauteil zur Übertragung dieser Schaltbewegung dar.The features of claim 6 are directed to a simple constructive implementation of the switching movement of the sleeve parts for actuating the valve arranged at the outlet of the filling pipe. The actuating rod arranged here represents a mechanically very simple and very robust component for transmitting this switching movement.

Die Betätigung des Schalters kann gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 in besonders einfacher Weise über einen Betätigungsstift erfolgen, wobei der eigentliche Schalter derart angeordnet ist, daß der Stift die Bewegung der Muffenteile relativ zueinander überträgt, und zwar dahingehend, daß bei zuverlässiger Verschraubung der Befülleinrichtung mit dem genannten Rohrstutzen der Schalter in eine, diesen Betriebszustand anzeigende Schaltposition überführt wird. Grundsätzlich können jedoch auch andere Schaltprinzipien, z.B. Ventile, mechanische oder berührungslose Schalter eingesetzt werden. Wesentlich ist lediglich, daß eine eindeutige Erkennbarkeit des Verschraubungszustands gegeben und schaltungstechnisch umsetzbar ist.The switch can be actuated according to the features of claim 7 in a particularly simple manner via an actuating pin, the actual switch being arranged in such a way that the pin transmits the movement of the sleeve parts relative to one another, to the extent that with reliable screwing of the filling device with the mentioned pipe socket the switch is transferred into a switching position indicating this operating state. In principle, however, other switching principles, e.g. Valves, mechanical or non-contact switches are used. It is only essential that the screwing state can be clearly identified and implemented in terms of circuitry.

Schließlich kann gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 noch ein Füllstandssensor in die Befülleinrichtung bauteilmäßig integriert sein. Das von der Befülleinrichtung ausgangsseitig erzeugte, den Füllzustand des jeweiligen Tankbehälters anzeigende Signal kann wiederum in beliebiger Weise in einem übergeordneten Meß- und Überwachungsssystem verwendet werden.Finally, according to the features of claim 8, a fill level sensor can also be integrated into the filling device in terms of components. The signal generated by the filling device on the output side and indicating the filling state of the respective tank container can in turn be used in any desired manner in a higher-level measuring and monitoring system.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine vergrößerte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Befülleinrichtung im Schnitt;
  • Fig. 2 ein erstes Anwendungsbeispiel der Befülleinrichtung;
  • Fig. 3 ein weiteres Anwendungsbeispiel der Befülleinrichtung;
  • Fig. 4 ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Befülleinrichtung mit Füllstandssensor und Überwachungsmöglichkeit des Leitungszustandes;
  • Fig. 5 ein Anwendungsbeispiel einer Befülleinrichtung in Verbindung mit einer, einem Tankbehälter zugeordneten Waage;
  • Fig. 6 ein Anwendungsbeispiel einer Befülleinrichtung mit Betätigung nach Art einer bauteilmäßig integrierten Zapfpistole.
The invention will now be described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings are explained in more detail. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged view of a filling device according to the invention in section.
  • 2 shows a first application example of the filling device;
  • 3 shows a further application example of the filling device;
  • 4 shows an application example of the filling device with fill level sensor and monitoring possibility of the line condition;
  • 5 shows an application example of a filling device in connection with a scale assigned to a tank container;
  • Fig. 6 shows an application example of a filling device with actuation in the manner of a component-integrated nozzle.

Mit 1 ist in Fig. 1 die Befülleinrichtung in ihrer Gesamtheit bezeichnet. Sie ist in der gezeigten Darstellung auf den Rohrstutzen 2 des Spundlochs 3 eines im übrigen nicht gezeigten Tankbehälters aufgeschraubt. Sie weist einen rohrförmigen, der Führung eines flüssigen Mediums dienenden Grundkörper bzw. Füllrohr 4 auf, das mit seinem einen Ende in den Tankbehälter hineinragt und an seinem anderen Ende mit Anschlußarmaturen, die in ihrer Gesamtheit mit 5 bezeichnet sind, zur isolierten (Fig. 4) Ankupplung eines Verbindungsschlauches, -rohres oder dergleichen dienen.1 in FIG. 1 denotes the filling device in its entirety. In the illustration shown, it is screwed onto the pipe socket 2 of the bung hole 3 of a tank container, which is otherwise not shown. It has a tubular base body or filler pipe 4, which serves to guide a liquid medium, which projects into the tank container at one end and at the other end with connection fittings, which are denoted in their entirety by 5, for isolation (FIG. 4 ) Coupling a connecting hose, pipe or the like are used.

Das Füllrohr 4 ist in ein Muffenteil 6 eingesteckt, welches auf seinem, dem Rohrstutzen 2 zugekehrten Ende mit einem sich radial nach außen erstreckenden Ringflansch 7 versehen ist, der zum Aufliegen auf dem Rohrstutzen 2 bestimmt ist. Das Muffenteil 6 ist auf seinem dem Ringflansch 7 abgekehrten Ende durch ein Bodenteil 8 verschlossen, welch letzteres von dem Füllrohr 4 durchdrungen wird. Das Bodenteil 8 ist als ebene Scheibe ausgebildet.The filling pipe 4 is inserted into a sleeve part 6, which is provided on its end facing the pipe socket 2 with a radially outwardly extending ring flange 7 which is intended to rest on the pipe socket 2. The sleeve part 6 is closed on its end facing away from the ring flange 7 by a base part 8, the latter penetrating the latter from the filling pipe 4 becomes. The base part 8 is designed as a flat disc.

Mit 9 ist ein weiteres Muffenteil bezeichnet, welches das Muffenteil 6 koaxial umgibt und gegenüber letzterem gleitfähig angeordnet ist. Das Muffenteil 9 ist an seinem, dem Spundloch 3 zugekehrten Ende mit einem Ringflansch 10 versehen und wird an seinem anderen Ende durch ein Bodenteil abgeschlossen, in welches das Füllrohr 4 dichtend eingesetzt ist.With 9 a further sleeve part is designated, which coaxially surrounds the sleeve part 6 and is slidably arranged relative to the latter. The sleeve part 9 is provided at its end facing the bung hole 3 with an annular flange 10 and is closed at its other end by a base part, in which the filling tube 4 is inserted in a sealing manner.

Mit 12 ist ein das Muffenteil 9 außenseitig umgebender, an diesem anliegender Verstärkungsring bezeichnet, welcher der Befestigung einer Abgasleitung 13 dient. Das der Befülleinrichtung 1 zugekehrte Ende dieser Abgasleitung 13 ist in eine Öffnung des Verstärkungsrings 12 eingeschweißt, wobei letztgenannte Öffnung ihrerseits mehrere Bohrungen 14 in der Wandung des Muffenteils 9 überdeckt. Auf die Bedeutung dieser Bohrungen 14 wird im folgenden noch näher eingegangen werden. Die Abgasleitung 13 ist wiederum mit isolierten Anschlußarmaturen versehen, die hier in ihrer Gesamtheit mit 15 bezeichnet sind. Diese Anschlußarmaturen 15 dienen der isolierten Ankupplung einer flexiblen Leitung, eines Schlauches, einer Rohrleitung oder dergleichen gemäß Fig. 4. Beim Einsatz gemäß Fig. 2, 3, 5 und 6 können diese Anschlußarmaturen 5, 15 entfallen, wenn keine elektrische Leitungsüberwachung erfolgt.12 with a reinforcing ring which surrounds the socket part 9 on the outside and which is used to fasten an exhaust pipe 13. The end of this exhaust pipe 13 facing the filling device 1 is welded into an opening of the reinforcing ring 12, the latter opening in turn covering a plurality of bores 14 in the wall of the socket part 9. The importance of these bores 14 will be discussed in more detail below. The exhaust pipe 13 is in turn provided with insulated connection fittings, which are denoted here in their entirety by 15. These connection fittings 15 are used for the isolated coupling of a flexible line, a hose, a pipe or the like according to FIG. 4. When used according to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 6, these connection fittings 5, 15 can be omitted if no electrical line monitoring takes place.

Mit 16 sind Stegbleche bezeichnet, die der Stabilisierung der Position der Abgasleitung 13 dienen und über Schweißungen mit der Abgasleitung 13 sowie dem Verstärkungsring 12 in Verbindung stehen.With 16 web plates are designated, which serve to stabilize the position of the exhaust pipe 13 and are connected to the exhaust pipe 13 and the reinforcing ring 12 via welds.

Eine, das Muffenteil 9 außenseitig umgebende Überwurfmutter 17 ist an ihrem eine Ende mit einem radial einwärts ragenden, zum Übergreifen des Ringflansches 10 bestimmten Flansch 18 ausgerüstet und auf das Außengewinde 19 des Rohrstutzens 2 aufgeschraubt. Zur Vereinfachung der manuellen Betätigung ist die Überwurfmutter 17 mit einer Reihe von hier schematisch angedeuteten Handgriffen 68 oder dergleichen versehen, die an der Überwurfmutter 17 außenseitig angeschweißt sind.A union nut surrounding the socket part 9 on the outside 17 is equipped at one end with a radially inwardly projecting flange 18 intended to overlap the annular flange 10 and screwed onto the external thread 19 of the pipe socket 2. To simplify manual actuation, the union nut 17 is provided with a number of handles 68 or the like, which are schematically indicated here and are welded to the union nut 17 on the outside.

Mit 21 ist eine, das Füllrohr 4 außenseitig umgebende, einerseits an dem Bodenteil 8 des Muffenteils 6 und andererseits an dem Bodenteil 11 des Muffenteils 9 abgestützte Schraubenfeder bezeichnet, durch welche der Ringflansch 10 unter mechanischer Vorspannung elastisch gegen den Flansch 18 gepreßt wird. Durch Anziehen bzw. Lösen der Überwurfmutter 17 wird somit die Schraubenfeder 21 gespannt bzw. entspannt.21 with a, surrounding the filling tube 4 on the outside, supported on the one hand on the bottom part 8 of the socket part 6 and on the other hand on the bottom part 11 of the socket part 9, by means of which the annular flange 10 is pressed elastically against the flange 18 under mechanical prestress. By tightening or loosening the union nut 17, the coil spring 21 is thus tensioned or relaxed.

Mit 22 sind einige in der Seitenwandung des Muffenteils 6 befindliche Bohrungen bezeichnet, die in der Nähe des Bodenteils 8 angebracht sind. Die Bohrungen 22 entsprechen in ihren Abmessungen den Bohrungen 14 und sind relativ zu letzteren derart angeordnet, daß durch axiale Verschiebung des Muffenteils 9 gegenüber dem Muffenteil 6 die Bohrungen 14 und 22 in eine zueinander fluchtende Anordnung bringbar sind. Die Bohrungen 14, 22 in Verbindung mit den entsprechenden Abschnitten der Muffenteile 6, 9 bilden ein Entlüftungsventil 20, worauf im folgenden noch näher eingegangen werden wird.22 with some holes located in the side wall of the sleeve part 6 are designated, which are made in the vicinity of the bottom part 8. The bores 22 correspond in their dimensions to the bores 14 and are arranged relative to the latter in such a way that the bores 14 and 22 can be brought into an aligned arrangement by axially displacing the sleeve part 9 relative to the sleeve part 6. The bores 14, 22 in connection with the corresponding sections of the sleeve parts 6, 9 form a vent valve 20, which will be discussed in more detail below.

Das Füllrohr 4 weist an seinem, dem Tankbehälter zugekehrten Ende einen erweiterten Abschnitt 23 auf, dessen, dem Tankinneren zugekehrtes Ende durch ein Ventil 24 verschlossen ist.The filler pipe 4 has at its end facing the tank container an enlarged section 23, the end facing the tank interior is closed by a valve 24.

Das Ventil 24 weist einem kugelförmigen Sperrkörper 25 auf, der eine Ausströmöffnung 26 verschließt und an welchem eine Betätigungsstange 27 befestigt ist. Die Betätigungsstange 27 erstreckt sich im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Grundkörpers 4 und ist mit ihrem Ende in dem Bodenteil 8 des Muffenteils 9 befestigt. Man erkennt hieraus, daß ein Anziehen bzw. Lösen der Überwurfmutter 17 Relativbewegungen des Muffenteils 9 gegenüber dem Muffenteil 6 in Richtung der Pfeile 28 zur Folge hat, wodurch die Ausströmöffnung 26 durch eine dementsprechende Bewegung des Sperrkörpers 25 geöffnet bzw. geschlossen wird.The valve 24 has a spherical blocking body 25 which closes an outflow opening 26 and to which an actuating rod 27 is fastened. The actuating rod 27 extends essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the base body 4 and is fixed at its end in the bottom part 8 of the socket part 9. It can be seen from this that tightening or loosening the union nut 17 results in relative movements of the sleeve part 9 with respect to the sleeve part 6 in the direction of the arrows 28, as a result of which the outflow opening 26 is opened or closed by a corresponding movement of the locking body 25.

Mit 29 ist ein auf der dem Spundloch 3 abgekehrten Seite des Bodenteils 8 angebrachter Betätigungsstift bezeichnet, der mit einem Schalter 30 zusammenwirkt, und zwar derart, daß durch Bewegung des Bodenteils 8 und damit des Stiftes 29 in Richtung auf den Schalter 30 hin durch letzteren eine Schaltfunktion ausgeübt wird. Der dieser Schaltfunktion zugeordnete Verschiebeweg des Stiftes 29 ist derart bemessen, daß diese Schaltfunktion, auf deren Bedeutung im folgenden ebenfalls noch eingegangen werden wird, erst dann ausgelöst wird, wenn durch hinreichendes Anziehen der Überwurfmutter 17 eine zuverlässige Verschraubung der Befülleinrichtung mit dem Tankbehälter zustandegekommen ist. Der Schalter 30 signalisiert somit die einwandfreie, insbesondere betriebssichere Ankupplung der Befülleinrichtung an dem Tankbehälter und ist zu diesem Zweck mit Signalleitungen versehen, die jedoch in Fig. 1 aus Gründen der zeichnerischen Übersichtlichkeit nicht wiedergegeben sind. Schließlich ist mit 31 ein in das Bodenteil 11 dichtend eingeschraubter Füllstandssensor bezeichnet, der grundsätzlich auf beliebigen, beispielsweise elektrischen oder pneumatischen Funktionsprinzipien beruhen kann. Das Kopfteil 32 dieses Füllstandssensors 31 ist mit entsprechenden Signalleitungen versehen, die jedoch in Fig. 1 ebenfalls nicht wiedergegeben sind. Bei elektrischer Überwachung dienen die Isolier-Überwurfmuttern 62,63, die Dichtung 64, die metallischen Anschlüsse 65 mit den angeschweißten Befestigungsösen 66 als Signalleitung.With 29 a on the side facing away from the bung hole 3 of the bottom part 8 is designated actuating pin, which cooperates with a switch 30, in such a way that by moving the bottom part 8 and thus the pin 29 in the direction of the switch 30 through the latter one Switching function is exercised. The shift path of the pin 29 assigned to this switching function is dimensioned such that this switching function, the meaning of which will also be discussed in the following, is only triggered when a reliable screwing of the filling device to the tank container has been achieved by sufficiently tightening the union nut 17. The switch 30 thus signals the flawless, in particular reliable coupling of the filling device to the tank container and is provided for this purpose with signal lines which, however, are not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity in the drawing. Finally, 31 denotes a level sensor screwed into the bottom part 11, which can basically be based on any, for example electrical or pneumatic, functional principles. The headboard 32 of this Level sensor 31 is provided with corresponding signal lines, which, however, are also not shown in FIG. 1. In the case of electrical monitoring, the insulating union nuts 62, 63, the seal 64 and the metallic connections 65 with the welded-on fastening eyes 66 serve as signal lines.

Man erkennt aus der vorangegangenen Darstellung, daß sich die erfindungsgemäße Befülleinrichtung durch eine Reihe von besonderen Sicherheitsvorkehrungen auszeichnet, durch welche Schadwirkungen als Folge von Fehlbedienungen oder sonstigen Fehlhandlungen in weitem Maße vermeidbar sind. Die in Richtung des Pfeiles 32′ in die Befülleinrichtung eintretende Flüssigkeit kann aus dieser erst dann austreten, wenn eine zuverlässige Verschraubung mittels der Überwurfmutter 17 hergestellt ist, als deren Folge das Ventil 24 die Ausströmöffnung 26 freigibt, so daß die Flüssigkeit in Richtung des Pfeiles 33 in den Tankbehälter einströmen kann. Es wird andererseits auch das oben bereits genannte, durch die Bohrungen 14, 22 gebildete Entlüftungsventil 20 nicht geöffnet, bevor diese Verschraubung hergestellt ist. Schließlich kann ein weiteres, aus der Verschraubung abgeleitetes Signal über den Schalter 30 an äußere Steuerungseinrichtungen weitergegeben werden. Eine unzureichende Verschraubung wird somit durch den Schalter 30 erkannt und kann steuerungstechnisch bereits innerhalb einer Befüllanlage zur Unterbindung eines Produktflusses benutzt werden. Die Befülleinrichtung 1 stellt das Endglied beispielsweise eines flexiblen Metallschlauches dar, dem wiederum ein Zähler sowie ein Absperrventil zugeordnet sind. Das heißt der Innenraum des Füllrohres 4 kann vor der Verschraubung mit dem Rohrstutzen des Spundlochs bereits mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt sein. Ein unkontrolliertes Austreten derselben aus dem Füllrohr wird durch das Ventil 24 jedoch verhindert. Vergleichbares gilt bei der Demontage der Befülleinrichtung 1 von einem Tankbehälter, nachdem mittels des Füllstandssensors 31 der maximal zulässige Pegel innerhalb des Tankbehälters signalisiert worden ist. Ein Lösen der Überwurfmutter 17 hat hierbei einen sofortigen Verschluß des Ventils 24 zur Folge, so daß keine Gefahr eines unkontrollierten Austretens der in dem Füllrohr sowie dem sich an die Anschlußarmaturen 5 anschließenden Metallschlauch befindlichen restlichen Flüssigkeitsmenge besteht.It can be seen from the preceding illustration that the filling device according to the invention is distinguished by a series of special safety precautions, by means of which harmful effects as a result of incorrect operation or other mishandling can be largely avoided. The liquid entering in the direction of arrow 32 'into the filling device can only emerge from this when a reliable screw connection is produced by means of the union nut 17, as a result of which the valve 24 releases the outflow opening 26, so that the liquid in the direction of arrow 33 can flow into the tank container. On the other hand, the above-mentioned vent valve 20 formed by the bores 14, 22 is not opened before this screw connection is made. Finally, a further signal derived from the screw connection can be passed on to external control devices via the switch 30. An inadequate screw connection is thus detected by the switch 30 and can already be used in terms of control technology within a filling system to prevent a product flow. The filling device 1 represents the end member of, for example, a flexible metal hose, which in turn is assigned a counter and a shut-off valve. This means that the interior of the filling pipe 4 can already be filled with liquid before being screwed to the pipe socket of the bunghole. An uncontrolled emergence of the same however, valve 24 prevents the fill tube from flowing. The same applies to the dismantling of the filling device 1 from a tank container after the maximum permissible level within the tank container has been signaled by means of the fill level sensor 31. A loosening of the union nut 17 results in an immediate closure of the valve 24, so that there is no risk of an uncontrolled escape of the remaining amount of liquid in the filling pipe and the metal hose connected to the connection fittings 5.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die zeichnerische Darstellung der Fig. 2 bis 6 erläutert, in welcher Weise die erfindungsgemäße Befülleinrichtung 1 mit sonstigen, der sicheren Handhabung von Flüssigkeiten dienenden Funktionselementen zusammenwirkt. Hierbei sind Funktionselemente, die mit denjenigen der Fig. 1 übereinstimmen, auch übereinstimmend beziffert, so daß sich eine diesbezügliche wiederholte Beschreibung erübrigt.In the following, the manner in which the filling device 1 according to the invention interacts with other functional elements serving for the safe handling of liquids will be explained with reference to the drawing of FIGS. 2 to 6. Here, functional elements that correspond to those of FIG. 1 are also numbered in accordance, so that a repeated description in this regard is unnecessary.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Befülleinrichtung 1, die auf den Rohrstutzen 2 eines Tankbehälters 34 aufgeschraubt ist. Eine flexible Leitung 35 verbindet die Anschlußarmatur 5 des Füllrohres 4 mit einer beispielsweise ortsfesten Zuleitung 36, an deren Endpunkt ein Zähler 37 sowie ein Schnellschlußventil 38 oder sonstiges Absperrorgan angeordnet sind, welches durch den Zähler 37 betätigbar ist. Letztere Wirkverbindung ist durch die gestrichelte Linie 39 angedeutet.Fig. 2 shows a filling device 1 which is screwed onto the pipe socket 2 of a tank container 34. A flexible line 35 connects the connection fitting 5 of the filling pipe 4 to a, for example, stationary supply line 36, at the end point of which a counter 37 and a quick-closing valve 38 or other shut-off device are arranged, which can be actuated by the counter 37. The latter operative connection is indicated by the dashed line 39.

Grundsätzlich ist der Zähler 37 derart ausgebildet, daß an diesem eine definierte Flüssigkeitsmenge einstellbar ist, nach deren Durchfluß selbsttätig das Schnellschlußventil 38 betätigt wird.Basically, the counter 37 is designed such that a defined amount of liquid can be set on it, after the flow of which the quick-closing valve 38 is actuated automatically.

Mit 40 ist eine weitere flexible Leitung bezeichnet, die an die Anschlußarmatur 15 der Abgasleitung 13 angeschlossen ist und an eine beispielsweise ortsfeste, hier zeichnerisch nur angedeutete Abgasentsorgungsanlage 41 angeschlossen ist. Die Abgasentsorgungsanlage 41 kann in üblicher Weise ausgebildet sein, so daß innerhalb der Leitung 40 ein bestimmter Unterdruck ansteht.40 is a further flexible line, which is connected to the connection fitting 15 of the exhaust line 13 and is connected, for example, to a stationary exhaust gas removal system 41, which is only indicated here in the drawing. The exhaust gas disposal system 41 can be designed in a conventional manner so that a certain negative pressure is present within the line 40.

Zur Einleitung des Befüllvorgangs des Tankbehälters 34 wird die über die Leitungen 40, 35 an die Zuleitung 36 bzw. die Abgasentsorgungsanlage 41 angeschlossene Befülleinrichtung 1 auf den Rohrstutzen 2 aufgesetzt und mittels der Überwurfmutter 17 verschraubt. Sobald eine hinreichende Verschraubung erreicht ist, welches durch eine entsprechende Verschiebung des Muffenteils 9 gegenüber dem inneren Muffenteil 6 signalisiert wird, ergibt sich eine Öffnung des Ventils 24 sowie des der Abgasleitung 13 zugeordneten, oben beschriebenen Entlüftungsventils. Anschließend wird an dem Zähler 37 die gewünschte Flüssigkeitsmenge eingestellt und der Befüllvorgang durch Öffnen des Schnellschlußventils 38 eingeleitet. Der Befüllvorgang wird beendet, sobald die an dem Zähler 37 eingestellte, in den Tankbehälter 34 einzubringende Flüssigkeitsmenge erreicht ist. Als Folge des anschließenden Lösens der Überwurfmutter 17 werden das Ventil 24 und das genannte Entlüftungsventil automatisch geschlossen. Die innerhalb der Leitung 35 sowie des Füllrohres verbliebene restliche Flüssigkeitsmenge kann somit nicht unkontrolliert austreten. Aufgrund der nunmehr geschlossenen Entlüftungsleitung wird die Abgasentsorgungsanlage nicht mit dem überflüssigen Ansaugen von Luft belastet, so daß die zu entsorgende Abluftmenge zwangsläufig auf ein notwendiges Mindestmaß begrenzt ist.To initiate the filling process of the tank container 34, the filling device 1 connected via the lines 40, 35 to the feed line 36 or the exhaust gas disposal system 41 is placed on the pipe socket 2 and screwed by means of the union nut 17. As soon as a sufficient screw connection has been reached, which is signaled by a corresponding displacement of the sleeve part 9 with respect to the inner sleeve part 6, the valve 24 and the ventilation valve 13 described above, associated with the exhaust pipe 13, are opened. The desired amount of liquid is then set on the counter 37 and the filling process is initiated by opening the quick-closing valve 38. The filling process is ended as soon as the quantity of liquid to be introduced into the tank container 34 has been reached. As a result of the subsequent loosening of the union nut 17, the valve 24 and the vent valve mentioned are automatically closed. The remaining amount of liquid remaining within the line 35 and the filling pipe can therefore not escape uncontrolled. Due to the now closed ventilation line, the waste gas disposal system is not burdened with the unnecessary intake of air, so that the amount of exhaust air to be disposed of is inevitably limited to a necessary minimum.

Das in Fig. 3 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von demjenigen der Fig. 2 im wesentlichen darin, daß hier das Schnellschlußventil 38 mit dem Schalter 30 über die Signalleitungen 67 dahingehend in Wirkverbindung steht, daß ein Auslösen des Befüllvorgangs durch Öffnen des Schnellschlußventils 38 mittels der an dem Zähler 37 angebrachten Betätigungseinrichtung so lange verhindert wird, wie die Befülleinrichtung mit dem Rohrstutzen 2 nicht hinreichend verschraubt ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein Druckaufbau innerhalb der Leitung 35 bei nicht ordnungsgemäßem Anschluß der Befülleinrichtung vermieden. Das Schnellschlußventil 38 wird im übrigen nach Erreichen der an dem Zähler 37 eingestellten Flüssigkeitsmenge durch diesen automatisch abgeschaltet. Die Wirkungsweise des Ventils 24 sowie des Entlüftungsventils entspricht demjenigen des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß Fig. 2.The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially in that here the quick-closing valve 38 is in operative connection with the switch 30 via the signal lines 67 in that the filling process is triggered by opening the quick-closing valve 38 by means of the the actuator 37 attached to the counter is prevented as long as the filling device is not sufficiently screwed to the pipe socket 2. In this way, pressure build-up within line 35 is avoided if the filling device is not properly connected. The quick-closing valve 38 is automatically switched off by the counter 37 after reaching the amount of liquid set on the counter. The mode of operation of the valve 24 and of the venting valve corresponds to that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem die Befülleinrichtung mit einem Füllstandsensor 31 ausgerüstet und in eine Anlage integriert ist, bei der besondere Schutzvorkehrungen bezüglich auftretender statischer Elektrizität sowie eventuell defekter Leitungen 35, 40 zusätzlich vorgesehen sind.4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the filling device is equipped with a fill level sensor 31 and is integrated in a system in which special protective measures with regard to static electricity and possibly defective lines 35, 40 are additionally provided.

Die Leitung 35 ist an beiden Enden über elektrisch isolierende Schraub- und Flanschverbindungen 42, 43 an das Füllrohr 4 bzw. die Zuleitung 36 angeschlossen. Die Leitung 40 ist über weitere elektrisch isolierende Schraub- und Flanschverbindungen 44,45 an die Abgasleitung 13 einerseits und die Abgasentsorgungsanlage 41 andererseits angeschlossen. Sowohl die Leitung 35 als auch die Leitung 40 sind in an sich bekannter Weise elektrisch leitfähig ausgebildet.The line 35 is connected at both ends via electrically insulating screw and flange connections 42, 43 to the filling pipe 4 or the feed line 36. The line 40 is connected via further electrically insulating screw and flange connections 44, 45 to the exhaust line 13 on the one hand and the exhaust gas disposal system 41 on the other. Both the line 35 and the line 40 are electrically conductive in a manner known per se.

Mit 46 sind lediglich Widerstände bezeichnet, durch welche die Flanschverbindungen 42 - 45 elektrisch überbrückt werden, so daß ein Auftreten lokaler elektrostatischer Elektrizität verhindert wird.With 46 only resistors are designated, by which the flange connections 42-45 are electrically bridged, so that the occurrence of local electrostatic electricity is prevented.

Mit 47 ist eine Steuerungseinrichtung bezeichnet, die in noch zu beschreibender Weise mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung 48, einem Anzeigegerät 49 und dem Schnellschlußventil 38 oder einem sonstigen Absperrorgan in Wirkverbindung steht.47 designates a control device which, in a manner yet to be described, is operatively connected to a monitoring device 48, a display device 49 and the quick-closing valve 38 or another shut-off device.

Mit 50 ist schließlich ein Betätigungsgerät bezeichnet, welches mit der Überwachungseinrichtung in Verbindung steht.Finally, 50 denotes an actuating device which is connected to the monitoring device.

Von der Überwachungseinrichtung 48 führt ein elektrischer Leitungszug 51 über einen Notausschalter 52, die Leitung 35, eine elektrische Leitung 53, den Füllstandssensor 31, eine elektrische Leitung 54, den Schalter 30, eine weitere elektrische Leitung 55, die Leitung 40 und einen Leitungszug 56 zurück zu der Überwachungseinrichtung 48, durch welche dieser Stromkreis geschlossen wird.From the monitoring device 48, an electrical line 51 leads back via an emergency stop switch 52, the line 35, an electrical line 53, the fill level sensor 31, an electrical line 54, the switch 30, a further electrical line 55, the line 40 and a line 56 to the monitoring device 48, through which this circuit is closed.

Mit 57 ist schließlich ein Netzanschluß bezeichnet, an welchen die Überwachungseinrichtung 48 angeschlossen ist.Finally, 57 denotes a network connection to which the monitoring device 48 is connected.

Der Füllstandssensor 31 weist hierbei als Meßfühler einen an sich bekannten Kaltleiter auf, dessen Funktionsprinzip auf einer Widerstandsänderung bei Eintauchen in eine kalte Flüssigkeit basiert. Zur Überwachung des Füllstands wird diesem letztgenannten Stromkreis somit eine bestimmte Spannung aufgeprägt, wobei sich in Abhängigkeit von dem Widerstand bzw. der Leitfähigkeit des Stromkreises ein bestimmter Strom einstellt, aus dessen Messung die Erkennung von Störfällen abgeleitet wird.The fill level sensor 31 has a thermistor known per se, the principle of which is based on a change in resistance when immersed in a cold liquid. To monitor the fill level, a certain voltage is thus impressed on this latter circuit, wherein depending on the resistance or the conductivity of the circuit, a certain current is set, from whose measurement the detection of malfunctions is derived.

Zum Gebrauch dieser Befülleinrichtung 1 gemäß Fig. 4 wird diese zunächst - wie oben bereits dargestellt - mittels der Überwurfmutter 17 mit dem Rohrstutzen 2 des Tankbehälters 34 derart verschraubt, daß das Ventil 24 sowie das der Entlüftungsleitung 13 zugeordnete Entlüftungsventil überhaupt geöffnet werden. Mit der Verschraubung ist gleichzeitig auch ein Schließen des Schalters 30 verbunden. Bei dem über das Betätigungsgerät 50 eingeleiteten Befüllvorgang wird mittels der Überwachungseinrichtung 48 anhand des oben beschriebenen Stromkreises zunächst der Zustand der Verbindungsleitungen sowie der Füllstand des Tankbehälters 34 überprüft. Hierzu wird während eines definierten Zeitintervalls die Leitfähigkeit bzw. der Widerstand innerhalb des genannten Stromkreises gemessen. Ist beispielsweise eine der Leitungen 35, 40 defekt, liegt hier beispielsweise ein Bruch oder eine Beschädigung vor, wird dies anhand der Widerstandsmessung sofort erkannt. Liegt beispielsweise noch keine zuverlässige Verschraubung vor, wird dies aufgrund des offenen Schalters 30 ebenfalls sofort erkannt. Ist schließlich versehentlich die Befülleinrichtung 1 auf einem bereits gefüllten Tankbehälter 34 aufgeschraubt worden, und zwar derart, daß der Kaltleiter-Meßfühler des Füllstandssensors in die Flüssigkeit eintaucht, wird auch dies mittels der Überwachungseinrichtung sofort erkannt. In allen diesen Störfällen ergeht ein entsprechendes Signal an die Steuerungseinrichtung 47, so daß trotz Einleitung des Befüllvorgangs über das Betätigungsgerät 50 eine dementsprechende Öffnung des Schnellschlußventils 38 unterbleibt. Es findet somit vor der Einleitung eines Befüllvorgangs eine Sicherheitsüberprüfung sowohl der Verknüpfung der Befülleinrichtung mit dem Tankbehälter 34 als auch des Zustands der zwischengeordneten Leitungen statt, wobei in jedem der genannten Störfälle bereits ein Druckaufbau in der Leitung 35 unterbleibt. Das Anzeigegerät 49, welches beispielsweise der Monitor einer EDV-Anlage sein kann, dient der Anzeige von Störungen bzw. des Schaltzustands der hier gezeigten Anlage.To use this filling device 1 according to FIG. 4, it is first screwed - as already shown above - by means of the union nut 17 to the pipe socket 2 of the tank container 34 in such a way that the valve 24 and the vent valve 13 assigned to the vent line 13 are opened at all. At the same time, the screw 30 is also connected to the screw connection. In the filling process initiated via the actuating device 50, the status of the connecting lines and the filling level of the tank container 34 are first checked by means of the monitoring device 48 using the circuit described above. For this purpose, the conductivity or the resistance within the circuit mentioned is measured during a defined time interval. If, for example, one of the lines 35, 40 is defective, for example if there is a break or damage, this is recognized immediately on the basis of the resistance measurement. For example, if there is still no reliable screw connection, this is also recognized immediately due to the open switch 30. Finally, if the filling device 1 has been accidentally screwed onto an already filled tank container 34 in such a way that the PTC sensor of the fill level sensor is immersed in the liquid, this is also immediately recognized by the monitoring device. In all of these malfunctions, a corresponding signal is sent to the control device 47 so that, despite the initiation of the filling process via the actuating device 50, the quick-closing valve 38 is not opened accordingly. It Thus, before the start of a filling process, there is a safety check both of the connection of the filling device with the tank container 34 and of the state of the intermediate lines, with pressure in line 35 already not occurring in any of the above-mentioned malfunctions. The display device 49, which can be, for example, the monitor of an EDP system, serves to display faults or the switching status of the system shown here.

Man erkennt aus der vorangegangenen Darstellung, daß die erfindungsgemäße Befülleinrichtung 1 eine besondere Eignung zur Integrierung in komplexere Sicherheits- bzw . Überwachungssysteme bietet und damit besonders zur Handhabung umweltgefährdender Flüssigkeiten, beispielsweise wassergefährdender, brennbarer Flüssigkeitsgemische, Säuren, Lösungsmitteln oder dergleichen geeignet ist, bei denen ein unkontrolliertes Austreten aus Leitungssystemen verhindert werden muß.It can be seen from the preceding illustration that the filling device 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for integration into more complex safety or Monitoring systems offers and is therefore particularly suitable for handling environmentally hazardous liquids, for example water-polluting, flammable liquid mixtures, acids, solvents or the like, in which an uncontrolled escape from line systems must be prevented.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem mittels des, in die Befülleinrichtung 1 integrierten Schalters 30 ein Ventil betätigt wird, mittels welchem auf pneumatischem Wege einer Steuerungseinrichtung 58 ein Signal übermittelt wird, welches den Verschraubungszustand der Überwurfmutter 17 anzeigt. Die Verknüpfung des Schalters 30 mit der Steuerungseinrichtung 58 kann jedoch grundsätzlich auch über sonstige Signalträger erfolgen.FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment in which a valve is actuated by means of the switch 30 integrated in the filling device 1, by means of which a signal is transmitted pneumatically to a control device 58 which indicates the screwed state of the union nut 17. The linkage of the switch 30 with the control device 58 can, however, in principle also take place via other signal carriers.

Der Tankbehälter 34 ist auf eine Waage 59 gesetzt, an deren Steuereinheit 60 die Sollmenge eines in den Tankbehälter 34 einzubringenden Füllgutes einstellbar ist. Ist diese Sollmenge erreicht, wird über die Leitung 61 ein entsprechendes Signal der Steuerungseinrichtung 58 zugeführt. Es wird somit bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 5 ein gravimetrisch vorgegebenes Einfüllen von flüssigem Füllgut in einen Tankbehälter 34 oder ein sonstiges Gefäß ermöglicht. Der Füllvorgang wird mittels der Steuerungseinrichtung 58 eingeleitet, wobei es erst dann zu einer Betätigung des Schnellschlußventils 38 bzw. der hier angeordneten Absperrarmatur kommt, wenn eine zuverlässige Verschraubung der Überwurfmutter 17 ansteht, als deren Folge wiederum das Ventil 24 sowie das der Abgasleitung 13 zugeordnete Entlüftungsventil geöffnet werden. Letztere Öffnung findet jedoch nur dann statt, wenn über die Leitung 61 nicht das Erreichen der eingestellten Sollmenge oder das Anstehen eines sonstigen Grenzwertes signalisiert wird.The tank container 34 is placed on a scale 59, on the control unit 60 of which the target quantity of a filling material to be introduced into the tank container 34 can be adjusted. If this target quantity is reached, a corresponding signal from the control device 58 is sent via the line 61 fed. 5, gravimetric filling of liquid contents into a tank container 34 or another vessel is thus made possible. The filling process is initiated by means of the control device 58, the quick-closing valve 38 or the shut-off valve arranged here only being actuated when there is a reliable screwing of the union nut 17, as a result of which in turn the valve 24 and the vent valve associated with the exhaust line 13 be opened. However, the latter opening only takes place if line 61 does not signal that the set target quantity has been reached or that another limit value is pending.

Schließlich ist in Fig. 6 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Befülleinrichtung gezeigt, die als Zapfpistole wiederum das Ventil 24 enthält entsprechend den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen, wobei die Verriegelung durch den Betätigungsstift 29 nunmehr direkt mechanisch oder durch einen Schalter 30 auf die Betätigung der Zapfpistole einwirkt. Bei nicht ordnungsgemäß angezogener Überwurfmutter 17 ist eine Betätigung der Zapfpistole somit wirkungslos. Die funktionelle Verknüpfung der Bewegung der Überwurfmutter mit dem Betätigungsmechanismus der Zapfpistole kann grundsätzlich beliebig erfolgen.Finally, an exemplary embodiment of a filling device is shown in FIG. 6, which in turn contains the valve 24 as a fuel nozzle, corresponding to the previous exemplary embodiments, the locking by the actuating pin 29 now acting directly mechanically or by a switch 30 on the actuation of the fuel nozzle. If the union nut 17 is not properly tightened, actuation of the nozzle is ineffective. The functional connection of the movement of the union nut with the actuating mechanism of the nozzle can in principle be done as desired.

Es ist die Zapfpistole darüber hinaus mit einem Füllstandssensor versehen, durch welchen der Befüllvorgang beendet wird, sobald ein maximal zulässiger Flüssigkeitspegel erkannt wird. Die hier gezeigte Zapfpistole, integriert in die Befülleinrichtung 1, ist wiederum wie bei den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen nicht nur an eine Zuleitung 36, sondern auch an eine Abgasentsorgungsanlage angeschlossen, so daß auch bei dieser Variante die zu entsorgende Abgasmenge auf ein Mindestmaß beschränkt ist.The nozzle is also equipped with a level sensor, by means of which the filling process is ended as soon as a maximum permissible liquid level is detected. The nozzle shown here, integrated into the filling device 1, is in turn, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, not only connected to a feed line 36, but also to an exhaust gas disposal system, so that this variant is also used the amount of exhaust gas to be disposed of is kept to a minimum.

Claims (9)

  1. Filling apparatus (1) having a filling pipe (4), which is intended for the manual guiding of and cooperation with the filling opening of a tank container (34) or other vessel and is provided at least with a connection for a preferably flexible supply line, having a valve (24), arranged in the filling pipe (4), which valve can be actuated automatically as a function of the state of connection of the filling apparatus (1) to the filling opening, having a vent valve (20) which can be actuated automatically as a function of the state of connection of the filling apparatus (1) to the filling opening, and having means for screwing the filling apparatus to the filling opening of the tank container (34), especially a pipe socket (2) secured to the latter, it being possible to derive from the screwing movement switching movements at least for actuating the valve (24) and/or the vent valve (20), characterised in that the said means are formed by a sleeve component (9) that fits sealingly around the filling pipe (4) and fixes it axially and is intended to be screwed to the pipe socket (2), preferably with the cooperation of a coupling nut (17), that the sleeve component (9) fits around a sleeve component (6), arranged coaxially with it, that fits around the filling pipe (4) and is intended to be placed on the pipe socket (2), and that the mentioned switching movements can be derived from the axial movement of the sleeve components (6, 9) relative to one another.
  2. Filling apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterised by a switch (30) which can be actuated automatically as a function of the state of connection of the filling apparatus (1) to the filling opening.
  3. Filling apparatus (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that there may be derived from the screwing movement, especially the relative movement of the sleeve components (6, 9), switching movements of the switch (30).
  4. Filling apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the sleeve components (6, 9) fit one into the other in a substantially sealing, slidable manner, that arranged between those sleeve components is an axially acting spring element that holds the position of the sleeve components (6, 9) under pre-tension, that the sleeve component (6) is open in the direction towards its end facing the pipe socket (2), and that the vent valve (20) is formed by a plurality of bores (14, 22) arranged in the side walls of the sleeve components (6, 9) that can be brought into an arrangement in which they are in alignment with one another as a result of the screwing movement.
  5. Filling apparatus (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that connected to the bores (14) in the sleeve component (9) is a vent gas conduit (13) to which in turn a preferably flexible conduit (40) can be connected.
  6. Filling apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the valve (24) is arranged at the outer end of the filling pipe (4) and that the blocking member (25) of the valve (24) is connected by way of an actuating rod (27) to the sleeve component (6), with the result that the valve (24) can be actuated by displacement, relative to the sleeve component (6), of the sleeve component (9) holding the filling pipe (4).
  7. Filling apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the switch (30) is preferably arranged outside the sleeve component (9) and cooperates with an actuating pin (29) which is movable relative to the switch (30) according to the relative movement between the sleeve components (6, 9).
  8. Filling apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterised by a level sensor (31) which is preferably secured to the sleeve component (9).
  9. Filling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterised by a structural assembly having a pistol-grip filling nozzle.
EP19890202808 1988-10-26 1989-09-26 Replenishment device Expired - Lifetime EP0366215B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89202808T ATE85593T1 (en) 1988-10-26 1989-09-26 FILLING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883836365 DE3836365A1 (en) 1988-10-26 1988-10-26 FILLING DEVICE
DE3836365 1988-10-26

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EP0366215A1 EP0366215A1 (en) 1990-05-02
EP0366215B1 true EP0366215B1 (en) 1993-02-10

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ID=6365899

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EP89911997A Pending EP0441820A1 (en) 1988-10-26 1989-09-26 Filling device
EP19890202808 Expired - Lifetime EP0366215B1 (en) 1988-10-26 1989-09-26 Replenishment device

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89911997A Pending EP0441820A1 (en) 1988-10-26 1989-09-26 Filling device

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US (2) US5186224A (en)
EP (2) EP0441820A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2898325B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE85593T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3836365A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990004566A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3836365A1 (en) 1990-05-10
EP0441820A1 (en) 1991-08-21
JP2898325B2 (en) 1999-05-31
JPH04501399A (en) 1992-03-12
WO1990004566A1 (en) 1990-05-03
ATE85593T1 (en) 1993-02-15
US5186224A (en) 1993-02-16
US5279341A (en) 1994-01-18
EP0366215A1 (en) 1990-05-02
DE58903522D1 (en) 1993-03-25

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