EP0365407A1 - Power transformer with reduced heat generation - Google Patents

Power transformer with reduced heat generation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0365407A1
EP0365407A1 EP89402833A EP89402833A EP0365407A1 EP 0365407 A1 EP0365407 A1 EP 0365407A1 EP 89402833 A EP89402833 A EP 89402833A EP 89402833 A EP89402833 A EP 89402833A EP 0365407 A1 EP0365407 A1 EP 0365407A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
parts
transformer
plane
discs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89402833A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0365407B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Yves Buatois
Jean-Michel Bouillot
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Orega Electronique et Mecanique
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Orega Electronique et Mecanique
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Publication of EP0365407A1 publication Critical patent/EP0365407A1/en
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Publication of EP0365407B1 publication Critical patent/EP0365407B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/10—Single-phase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H01F27/325—Coil bobbins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H01F2005/022—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers wound on formers with several winding chambers separated by flanges, e.g. for high voltage applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power transformer with reduced heating.
  • these transformers are provided with thermal radiators and / or they are combined with means of forced ventilation, which significantly increases their size.
  • the ventilation means are not immune to breakdowns.
  • the present invention relates to a power transformer not requiring cooling means, or at least with cooling means less important than those of a conventional transformer with the same electrical characteristics, for the same operating temperature.
  • the transformer according to the invention comprises a winding composed of two identical parts connected in parallel each of these two parts comprising at least one winding.
  • the magnetic circuit of such a transformer is composed of two identical circuit parts arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane, each of these two circuit parts carrying one of said winding parts, these winding parts being wound. symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry.
  • the circuit magnetic has two circuit parts each having, in section, a shape of "E"
  • the transformer described below is a low voltage transformer intended for example for a switching power supply. Its magnetic circuit consists of two "E" ferrites. It is understood that the invention is not limited to such an application and to such a type of transformer: the transformer can be both at low and at high voltage and its circuit can as well be made of ferrite as it is made of 'a stack of sheets. In addition, it suffices that the two halves of this magnetic circuit are practically identical, their shape possibly being different from an "E".
  • the transformer winding 1 is very simplified in FIG. 1.
  • This winding consists of two half-windings 2,3. These half-windings 2,3 are identical and arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry, the trace 4 of which is shown in the drawing.
  • each half-winding 2,3 comprises five windings wound in the form of wafers.
  • These wafers are referenced A, B, C, D, E for the half-winding 2 and A ′, B ′, C ′, D ′, E ′ for the half-winding 3.
  • the wafers A ′ to E ′ are respectively identical to wafers A to E.
  • Identical wafers are arranged symmetrically relative to said plane of symmetry (trace 4), wafers A and A ′ being the closest to this plane and wafers E and E ′ the most distant.
  • the magnetic circuit of the transformer comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, two identical parts 5,6 of ferrite in the shape of "E" arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry.
  • the two outer legs of each "E” are the same length (legs 7.8 for part 5 and legs 9.10 for part 6).
  • the inner legs of the "E" (leg 11 for part 5 and leg 12 for part 6) are shorter than the outer legs, which provides a gap 13 between these inner legs. Because this air gap is located in the center of the coil, where the thickness of the carcass is greatest, the environmental disturbances caused by the flourishing of the field lines in the air gap are reduced.
  • the winding carcass 14, partially shown in FIG. 2 has the form of a tube (of circular section in the present example) supporting several discs (of circular peripheral shape in the present example).
  • the plane 4 passes through the center of the central disk 15.
  • the other four disks visible in FIG. 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 4, namely the disks 16,17 on one side of the disk 15 and the disks 16 ′ and 17 ′ on the other side, and respectively symmetrical of the discs 16 and 17.
  • the winding wafers A, B are wound between the discs 15,16 and 16,17 respectively while the winding wafers A ′, B ′ are wound between the discs 15,16 ′ and 16 ′, 17 ′ respectively.
  • the thickness of the disc 15 is greater than that of the other discs of the carcass 14 to prevent the wafers A and A ′ from being at the level of air gap 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The transformer of the invention is divided into two half- transformers (2,3) branched in parallel and symmetrically disposed relative to the magnetic circuit symmetry plane (4). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un transformateur de puissance à échauffement réduit.The present invention relates to a power transformer with reduced heating.

Les transformateurs électriques connus transmettant une puissance élevée, malgré tous les soins apportés à la réalisation de leurs enroulements et de leur circuit magnétique, dégagent une forte puissance thermique (pertes "cuivre" par effet Joule dans les enroulements, pertes "fer" dans le circuit magnétique).The known electrical transformers transmitting a high power, in spite of all the care brought to the realization of their windings and their magnetic circuit, release a strong thermal power (losses "copper" by Joule effect in the windings, losses "iron" in the circuit magnetic).

Pour limiter l'élévation de température de ces transformateurs, qui risquerait de les détruire, on les munit de radiateurs thermiques et/ou on les associe à des moyens de ventilation forcée, ce qui augmente sensiblement leur encombrement. En outre, les moyens de ventilation ne sont pas à l'abri de pannes.To limit the rise in temperature of these transformers, which would risk destroying them, they are provided with thermal radiators and / or they are combined with means of forced ventilation, which significantly increases their size. In addition, the ventilation means are not immune to breakdowns.

La présente invention a pour objet un transformateur de puissance ne nécessitant pas de moyens de refroidissement, ou tout au moins avec des moyens de refroidissement moins importants que ceux d'un transformateur classique de mêmes caractéristiques électriques, pour la même température de fonctionnement.The present invention relates to a power transformer not requiring cooling means, or at least with cooling means less important than those of a conventional transformer with the same electrical characteristics, for the same operating temperature.

Le transformateur conforme à l'invention comporte un bobinage composé de deux parties identiques branchées en parallèle chacune de ces deux parties comportant au moins un enroulement.The transformer according to the invention comprises a winding composed of two identical parts connected in parallel each of these two parts comprising at least one winding.

De façon avantageuse, le circuit magnétique d'un tel transformateur est composé de deux parties de circuit identiques disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan, chacune de ces deux parties de circuit portant l'une desdites parties de bobinage, ces parties de bobinage étant bobinées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie. Lorsque le circuit magnétique comporte deux parties de circuit ayant chacune, en coupe, une forme de "E", il est avantageux que l'entrefer soit situé sur la jambe centrale du "E".Advantageously, the magnetic circuit of such a transformer is composed of two identical circuit parts arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane, each of these two circuit parts carrying one of said winding parts, these winding parts being wound. symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry. When the circuit magnetic has two circuit parts each having, in section, a shape of "E", it is advantageous that the air gap is located on the central leg of the "E".

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation, pris comme exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue schématique montrant la disposition des divers enroulements d'un transformateur conforme à l'invention, et
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe simplifiée, avec arraché, du transformateur de la figure 1.
The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description of an embodiment, taken as a nonlimiting example and illustrated by the appended drawing, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the various windings of a transformer according to the invention, and
  • - Figure 2 is a simplified sectional view, with parts broken away, of the transformer of Figure 1.

Le transformateur décrit ci-dessous est un transformateur basse tension destiné par exemple à une alimentation à découpage. Son circuit magnétique se compose de deux ferrites en "E". Il est bien entendu que l'invention n'est pas limitée à une telle application et à un tel type de transformateur : le transformateur peut être aussi bien à basse qu'à haute tension et son circuit peut aussi bien être en ferrite que constitué d'un empilement de tôles. En outre, il suffit que les deux moitiés de ce circuit magnétique soient pratiquement identiques, leur forme pouvant être différente d'un "E".The transformer described below is a low voltage transformer intended for example for a switching power supply. Its magnetic circuit consists of two "E" ferrites. It is understood that the invention is not limited to such an application and to such a type of transformer: the transformer can be both at low and at high voltage and its circuit can as well be made of ferrite as it is made of 'a stack of sheets. In addition, it suffices that the two halves of this magnetic circuit are practically identical, their shape possibly being different from an "E".

Le bobinage 1 du transformateur est représenté de façon très simplifiée en figure 1. Ce bobinage se compose de deux demi-bobinages 2,3. Ces demi-bobinages 2,3 sont identiques et disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan de symétrie dont on a représenté la trace 4 sur le dessin.The transformer winding 1 is very simplified in FIG. 1. This winding consists of two half-windings 2,3. These half-windings 2,3 are identical and arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry, the trace 4 of which is shown in the drawing.

Dans le présent exemple, chaque demi-bobinage 2,3 comprend cinq enroulements bobinés sous forme de galettes. Ces galettes sont référencées A, B, C, D, E pour le demi-enroulement 2 et A′,B′,C′,D′,E′ pour le demi-enroulement 3. Les galettes A′ à E′ sont respectivement identiques aux galettes A à E. Des galettes identiques sont disposées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie (trace 4), les galettes A et A′ étant les plus proches de ce plan et les galettes E et E′ les plus éloignées.In the present example, each half-winding 2,3 comprises five windings wound in the form of wafers. These wafers are referenced A, B, C, D, E for the half-winding 2 and A ′, B ′, C ′, D ′, E ′ for the half-winding 3. The wafers A ′ to E ′ are respectively identical to wafers A to E. Identical wafers are arranged symmetrically relative to said plane of symmetry (trace 4), wafers A and A ′ being the closest to this plane and wafers E and E ′ the most distant.

Bien entendu, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, on peut prévoir des galettes en forme de couronnes, l'ensemble ou une partie des couronnes de chaque demi-enroulement étant disposées à la même distance dudit plan de symétrie, leurs diamètres étant alors différents.Of course, in other embodiments, it is possible to provide discs in the form of crowns, all or part of the crowns of each half-winding being arranged at the same distance from said plane of symmetry, their diameters then being different. .

Dans le présent exemple, le circuit magnétique du transformateur comporte, comme représenté en figure 2, deux parties identiques 5,6 en ferrite en forme de "E" disposées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie. Les deux jambes extérieures de chaque "E" sont de même longueur (jambes 7,8 pour la partie 5 et jambes 9,10 pour la partie 6). Les jambes intérieures des "E" (jambe 11 pour la partie 5 et jambe 12 pour la partie 6) sont plus courtes que les jambes extérieures, ce qui ménage un entrefer 13 entre ces jambes intérieures. Du fait que cet entrefer est situé au centre de la bobine, là où l'épaisseur de la carcasse est la plus importante, les perturbations de l'environnement provoquées par l'épanouissement des lignes de champ dans l'entrefer sont réduites.In the present example, the magnetic circuit of the transformer comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, two identical parts 5,6 of ferrite in the shape of "E" arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry. The two outer legs of each "E" are the same length (legs 7.8 for part 5 and legs 9.10 for part 6). The inner legs of the "E" (leg 11 for part 5 and leg 12 for part 6) are shorter than the outer legs, which provides a gap 13 between these inner legs. Because this air gap is located in the center of the coil, where the thickness of the carcass is greatest, the environmental disturbances caused by the flourishing of the field lines in the air gap are reduced.

La carcasse du bobinage 14, partiellement représentée sur la figure 2, a la forme d'un tube (de section circulaire dans le présent exemple) supportant plusieurs disques (de forme périphérique circulaire dans le présent exemple). Le plan 4 passe par le centre du disque central 15. Les quatre autres disques visibles sur la figure 2 sont disposés symétriquement par rapport au plan 4, à savoir les disques 16,17 d'un côté du disque 15 et les disques 16′ et 17′ de l'autre côté, et respectivement symétriques des disques 16 et 17. Les galettes d'enroulements A, B sont bobinées entre les disques 15,16 et 16,17 respectivement tandis que les galettes d'enroulements A′,B′ sont bobinées entre les disques 15,16′ et 16′,17′ respectivement.The winding carcass 14, partially shown in FIG. 2, has the form of a tube (of circular section in the present example) supporting several discs (of circular peripheral shape in the present example). The plane 4 passes through the center of the central disk 15. The other four disks visible in FIG. 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 4, namely the disks 16,17 on one side of the disk 15 and the disks 16 ′ and 17 ′ on the other side, and respectively symmetrical of the discs 16 and 17. The winding wafers A, B are wound between the discs 15,16 and 16,17 respectively while the winding wafers A ′, B ′ are wound between the discs 15,16 ′ and 16 ′, 17 ′ respectively.

De façon avantageuse, l'épaisseur du disque 15 est supérieure à celle des autres disques de la carcasse 14 pour éviter que les galettes A et A′ ne soient au niveau de l'entrefer 13.Advantageously, the thickness of the disc 15 is greater than that of the other discs of the carcass 14 to prevent the wafers A and A ′ from being at the level of air gap 13.

Grâce à la mise en parallèle des différents enroulements correspondants de chaque demi-bobinage 2,3, et grâce à la symétrie spatiale (par rapport au plan 4) de ces enroulements et du circuit magnétique on diminue l'échauffement du transformateur.Thanks to the paralleling of the different corresponding windings of each half-winding 2,3, and thanks to the spatial symmetry (with respect to plane 4) of these windings and of the magnetic circuit, the heating of the transformer is reduced.

Claims (5)

1. Transformateur de puissance à échauffement réduit, du type comportant un bobinage composé de deux parties (2,3) identiques branchées en parallèle, chacune de ces deux parties comportant au moins un enroulement (A,A′...) caractérisé par le fait que son circuit magnétique est composé de deux parties de circuit identiques (5,6) disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan (4), chacune de ces deux parties de circuit magnétique portant l'une des deux parties de bobinages (2,3).1. Power transformer with reduced heating, of the type comprising a winding composed of two identical parts (2,3) connected in parallel, each of these two parts comprising at least one winding (A, A ′ ...) characterized by the the fact that its magnetic circuit is composed of two identical circuit parts (5,6) arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane (4), each of these two magnetic circuit parts carrying one of the two winding parts (2,3 ). 2. Transformateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les deux parties de bobinage sont bobinées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie (A et A′, B et B′...).2. Transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the two winding parts are wound symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry (A and A ′, B and B ′ ...). 3 . Transformateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dont le circuit magnétique comporte deux parties de circuit ayant chacune, en coupe, une forme de "E", caractérisé par le fait que l'entrefer est situé à l'extrémité de la jambe centrale (11,12) du "E".3. Transformer according to one of the preceding claims, the magnetic circuit of which comprises two circuit parts, each having, in section, an "E" shape, characterized in that the air gap is located at the end of the central leg ( 11,12) of "E". 4. Transformateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dont la carcasse de bobinage (14) est composée de disques formés sur un cylindre, caractérisé par le fait que la carcasse comporte un disque central (15) situé dans le plan de symétrie du transformateur, les autres disques (16,17, 16′,17′) étant disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre de ce disque central.4. Transformer according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the winding carcass (14) is composed of discs formed on a cylinder, characterized in that the carcass comprises a central disc (15) located in the plane of symmetry of the transformer, the other discs (16,17, 16 ′, 17 ′) being arranged symmetrically on either side of this central disc. 5. Transformateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le disque central a une épaisseur plus grande que celle des autres disques.5. Transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that the central disc has a greater thickness than that of the other discs.
EP19890402833 1988-10-21 1989-10-13 Power transformer with reduced heat generation Expired - Lifetime EP0365407B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813830 1988-10-21
FR8813830A FR2638277A1 (en) 1988-10-21 1988-10-21 REDUCED HEATING POWER TRANSFORMER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0365407A1 true EP0365407A1 (en) 1990-04-25
EP0365407B1 EP0365407B1 (en) 1993-06-09

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EP19890402833 Expired - Lifetime EP0365407B1 (en) 1988-10-21 1989-10-13 Power transformer with reduced heat generation

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EP (1) EP0365407B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68907007T2 (en)
DK (1) DK175598B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2041025T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2638277A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0654803A1 (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-24 AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH Electrical transformer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2756775A1 (en) * 1976-12-29 1978-07-13 Elin Union Ag High tension transformer body - has divided secondary winding chamber for X=ray generator
FR2520920A1 (en) * 1982-02-02 1983-08-05 Skoda Kp ELECTRIC RECTIFIER TRANSFORMER
EP0287307A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-19 Erl A. Koenig An electrical circuit for inductance conductors, transformers and motors

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2756775A1 (en) * 1976-12-29 1978-07-13 Elin Union Ag High tension transformer body - has divided secondary winding chamber for X=ray generator
FR2520920A1 (en) * 1982-02-02 1983-08-05 Skoda Kp ELECTRIC RECTIFIER TRANSFORMER
EP0287307A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-19 Erl A. Koenig An electrical circuit for inductance conductors, transformers and motors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0654803A1 (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-24 AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH Electrical transformer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2638277A1 (en) 1990-04-27
ES2041025T3 (en) 1993-11-01
DK515089D0 (en) 1989-10-17
DK515089A (en) 1990-04-22
EP0365407B1 (en) 1993-06-09
DE68907007T2 (en) 1993-11-04
DE68907007D1 (en) 1993-07-15
DK175598B1 (en) 2004-12-13

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