FR2618955A1 - SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a superconducting energy storage device. In a device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electrical current through superconducting magnets so as to release the magnetic energy in the form of electrical energy when the case is requires, the magnets include a superconducting torodal magnet 1 and a superconducting solenode-shaped magnet 2 inscribed inside the magnet 1, and are made electrically in series with each other. Application in particular to the storage of electrical energy in superconducting magnets in the form of magnetic energy.

Description

The present invention relates to a device

  energy storage conductor and more particularly a superconducting energy storage device suitable

  to store electrical energy in the form of energy

  magnetic field in superconducting magnets.

  Until then, two types of aid have been studied or

  to produce superconducting storage devices

  conventional energy storage A type of magnet is

  a solenoid system, in which a magnet above

  solenoid-type conductor for storing energy as described in the special publication "V, Superconducting Coil Energy Storage" in the Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan,

  Vol.101, No. 6, pp. 525-529, June 1981. The other type is a system

  toroidal system, in which a superconducting magnet is used.

  toroidal type to achieve energy storage as described in an article in The Business and Technology Daily News published December 6, 1983. In

  two descriptions of the solenoid system and the toroidal system.

  dal, we discuss the realization of the superconducting device

  energy storage from the point of view of its cost, in the

  pothesis where an electromagnetic force produced by a superconducting magnet is hosted by a solid rock, such as

granite.

  Since each of the superconducting devices

  energy storage is based on the hypo-

  thesis that the electromagnetic force produced by an overcapital magnet used for the storage of energy must be collected by an external solid rock, this device

  can not be arranged where one wants outside a

  cementt such as for example a solid rock. That is why

  in the prior art, there was the problem of

  both in that there was some limitation of the point

  of location conditions.

  Recently, a superconducting

  hybrid magnet energy system in which a toroidal magnet and a solenoid magnet are used as a superconducting energy storage magnet so that a central force produced by the toroidal magnet in the direction of the The large radius can be annihilated by the clamping force produced by the solenoid magnet, has been described in an earlier patent application JP-A63-52401 filed by the applicant of the present application. In the device of this type, however, there is a problem that an interstice is formed at the contact surface between the toroidal magnet and the solenoid-shaped magnet, since the magnet in the form of solenoid is arranged to be in contact

  with the circular surface of the circular toroidal magnet.

  Moreover, almost all these classical techniques simply concern the arrangement and the realization of a

  the only unit of the superconducting energy storage device

  ogy. In other words, there is no description of the fact of

  provide a plurality of such units.

  Until now, the tendency was rather to form the superconducting energy storage device in the form of a large unit. Considering, for example, a power plant, the output power equal to millions of kilowatts delivered by this

  However, the central unit is produced by a plurality of genera-

  and not by a single electric generator.

  On this basis, it is obvious that the superconducting device

  energy storage must be subdivided into a

units or devices.

  A new problem appears in the arrangement of a

  plurality of energy storage devices. In particular

  to link, since a large number of

  energy storage must be located in the vicinity of the cities

  the, the limitation of the conditions of location will be more im-

bearing.

  That is why an object of the present invention is

  to provide a superconducting energy storage device

  in which an electromagnetic force produced by superconducting magnets can be supported without the need for the solid rock mentioned above.

  therefore, so as to remove the limitation on

  born above conditions of location.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide

  a superconducting energy storage device, in the

  which a plurality of energy storage units can be efficiently arranged to achieve space saving. Another object of the present invention is to provide

  a superconducting energy storage device in the

  which, when a superconducting solenoid magnet is mechanically inscribed inside a superconducting toroidal magnet, the contact surface between these magnets is

  a flat surface that provides a more secure connection

  lide. The objectives of the present invention are achieved

  thanks to the series electrical connection of a magnet

  superconducting ring with a superconducting solenoid magnet, which is arranged to be mechanically inscribed within the toroidal magnet

superconductor.

  In addition the objectives, indicated previously, of

  The present invention is achieved through the use of

  superconducting magnets comprising a plurality of units, each of which is formed by the series electrical connection of a superconducting toroidal magnet to a superconducting solenoid magnet arranged to be inscribed,

  from a mechanical point of view, in the toroidal magnet

  the innermost one in the direction of the large radius, so that the contraction force produced by the superconducting toroidal magnet in the direction of the

  large radius is annihilated by the force of expansion, that is,

  that is, the expansion force produced by the superconducting solenoid magnet, the different units being stacked along the axis of the superconducting solenoid magnet.

  When excited, in general,

  The superconducting mantle produces a contractive force in the direction of the large radius, while it produces an expansion force in the direction of the small radius. On the other hand,

  when excited, the solenoid magnet sup-

  driver produces a force of expansion in the direction

  radial and a contraction force in the axial direction.

  In accordance with the above-mentioned arrangement of

  In this invention, the contraction force of the superconducting toroidal magnet acting in the direction of the large radius can be annihilated by the radially expanding force of the superconducting solenoid magnet.

  to render useless, for example, the absorption of the electro-

  from the outside, such as for example by a

  solid rock or the like. That is why it is possible to

  dye the previously stated objectives of the present invention. By stacking the plurality of superconducting energy storage units in the axial direction, the force

  of axial attraction acting on the units serves as a

  dullness of compression at the junction between

  adjacent tees, but does not serve as external force.

  The theoretical inductance L of a superconducting unit

  This energy storage before stacking is represented by the relation:

L = L1 + L ... (1)

i 2

  in which L1 represents the self-inductance of the magnet to-

  superconducting roidal, and L2 represents the self-inductance of

  the magnet in the form of a superconducting solenoid.

  The theoretical inductance L of the two stacked units is the horic inductance 2 dsdu of the ntseples represented by the relation: L2 '= 2 (L1 + L2) + 2kL2 = 2L + 2kL2 ... (2)

  where k is a coupling coefficient between the

  adjacent solenoid-shaped LL, L2 of the two units. It is evident from the relationships indicated more

  in the case of stacking the two units, the inductive

The theoretical increase is 2kL2.

  As described above, in the case of stacking

  number of units, the storage energy increases by

  to be greater than one value multiplied by a factor

n.

  Other features and benefits of this

  invention will emerge from the description given below which

  Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure lA is a plan view of a longitudinal section showing the schematic structure of magnets in

  as the first embodiment of the above device.

  energy storage conductor in accordance with the present

  vention; Figure 1B shows a longitudinal section taken in the direction IB-1B in Figure 1A;

  FIG. 2 represents an example of the diagram of the

  equivalent electrical firing of magnets arranged according to the

  position of Figure 1; FIG. 3 shows another example of the diagram of the equivalent electrical circuit of the magnets arranged according to the arrangement of FIG. 1;

  FIG. 4 represents a longitudinal section

  the schematic structure of the magnets as a secondary

  embodiment of the superconducting storing device

  energy capping according to the present invention; FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of the device of FIG. 4;

  FIG. 6 represents a longitudinal section

  the schematic structure of magnets as third

  the embodiment of the superconducting

  energy capping according to the present invention;

  FIG. 7 represents a longitudinal section

  the schematic arrangement of magnets as fourth

  the embodiment of the superconducting

  energy capping according to the present invention;

  FIG. 8 represents the diagram of an electrical circuit

  equivalent scale of the magnets arranged according to the device of FIG. 7, and

  FIG. 9 represents a longitudinal section

  the schematic structure of magnets as fifth

  the embodiment of the superconducting

  energy capping according to the present invention.

  Referring to the drawings, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the forms of

  preferred embodiment of the latter.

  Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, there is shown

  presented a first embodiment of a device

  superconducting energy storage according to the present invention.

  invention in which a supracidal toroidal magnet is provided.

  conductor 1 and a superconducting solenoid magnet

  2. In this embodiment, the magnet shaped

  cylindrical superconducting lenoide 2 is disposed within the

  of the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 having a

  D-shaped section (hereinafter referred to as "ai-

  superconducting toroidal mantle having a shaped section

  of D "), along the most important circumferential

  in the direction of the large radius of this toroidal magnet.

  dal, marked by the arrow A in Figure 1A, so as to be inscribed in the toroidal magnet 1 as shown

  in FIGS. 1A and 1B to form a device

  energy storage conductor. Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown an equivalent electrical circuit of the device in which the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 has a D-shaped section and the magnet in the form of a

  cylindrical superconducting solenoid 2 are connected in

  in which a source of electrical energy of exci-

  3, not shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, is provided in such a way that the device can be used

  as a superconducting energy storage device.

  In accordance with the above-mentioned arrangement, the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 having a section of

  D shape is excited by the electrical power source of ex-

  citation 3 so as to produce an electromagnetic force contraction in the direction of the large radius,

  while the solenoid superconducting solenoid magnet

  lindrique 2 is excited so as to thereby produce a

  electromagnetic force in the opposite direction of the electro-

  magnetic produced by the superconducting toroidal magnet 1

  having a D-shaped section. The electromagnetic forces

  mentioned above may annihilate each other

  only if the number of windings

  two magnets and the like. Therefore, the absorp-

  the electromagnetic force by a solid rock, which

  was essential in the classical superconducting device

  storage energy becomes unnecessary, so that the limitation in terms of location conditions in the superconducting energy storage device can be

deleted.

  Referring to Figure 3, there is shown another circuit in which: independent sources

  electrical excitation energy 3a and 3b are provided for

  for the superconducting toroidal magnet 1

  having a D-shaped section and the solenoid-shaped magnet

  cylindrical superconducting noide 2. Sensors 4a and 4b such as stress detectors are provided

  respectively for the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 pos-

  seducing a D-shaped section and for the cylindrical superconducting solenoid-shaped magnet 2, and there is provided a control device 5 for controlling the signals of the detectors 4a and 4b and for controlling the output signal

  sources of electrical excitation energy 3a and 3b,

  corresponding to signals exceeding a predetermined level so as to balance the two electromagnetic forces. Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the superconducting toroidal magnet has a circular sectional shape (this magnet is hereinafter referred to as a "toroidal magnet"). section superconductor

  In Figure 5 there is shown a view in

  Fig. 4. As shown in the drawings, the section superconducting toroidal magnet

  circular 6 is equipped with a support 7 disposed in its

  in order to form, from a schematic point of view, a

  a superconducting toroidal magnet having a section in

  In this embodiment, the shaped magnet

  of cylindrical superconducting solenoid 2 mentioned above.

  is placed in relation to the toroMdal magnet

  resulting conductor having a D-shaped section in the same manner as previously described so as to

thus obtain the same effect.

  The location of the superconducting

  Energy consumption must be determined in an appropriate way in relation to the main power supply line

  electric device, since the device is used initially

  for the operation of the electric power supply system. However, the classical device had to be established with the main assumption that it had to be established on solid rock. According to the present invention, the contraction force of the magnet

  superconducting toroidal energy is annihilated by the force of

  of the superconducting solenoid magnet, of

  so that the absorption of the electromagnetic force by the

  outer cheek becomes useless, which makes it possible to

  device in the most efficient location for the function-

  of the electrical energy system. In addition, the present invention makes it possible to provide a superconducting energy storage device having a very high storage energy density, since the magnetic energy can be stored in two magnets, namely the toroidal magnet.

  superconducting magnet and the supracond solenoid-shaped magnet

ducer.

  In each of the first and second forms of

  mentioned above, thanks to the use of a

  superconducting material at high temperature (temperature

  less than or equal to that of the liquid nitrogen) in the form of a wire-shaped material for each of the magnets, it is possible to obtain a high performance superconducting energy storage device, which is very simple point of view of the refrigeration equipment and the maintenance point of view. Referring to FIG. 6, there is shown a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the superconducting solenoid magnet

  cylindrical 2 is arranged to surround the magnet to-

  superconducting channel of circular section. 6 to form

  as a result, a superconducting energy storage device

  ogy. An equivalent electrical circuit of the device of the

  Figure 6 is formed as shown in Figure 2, on

  which the superconducting toroidal magnet with circular section

  6 and the superconducting solenoid magnet cy-

  2 are connected in series, and on which the

  this common electrical excitation energy 3 is expected to

  way that the device can serve as a device above

  energy storage conductor. When excited,

  superconducting toroidal mantle with circular section 6 produces a centripetal force contracting the total radius and a dilatation force increasing the individual radii of the toroidal magnet 6 and the solenoid-shaped magnet 2.

  on the other hand, the magnet in the form of: superconducting olenoid 2

  This results in a dilatation force increasing the total radius and a pinch force since the current flow direction is the same. Therefore the dilation force

  of the superconducting toroidal magnet 6 and the clamping force

  magnetism in the form of a cylindrical superconducting solenoid

  drique 2 can annihilate each other. Simultaneously the centripetal force of the superconducting toroidal magnet 6 and the expansion force of the solenoid-shaped magnet

  superconductor 2 can annihilate each other. By con-

  the receipt of the electromagnetic force by the

  solid rock, which was essential in the above-mentioned

  conventional energy storage driver, becomes useless

  so that the limitation from the point of view of the conditions of

  placement in the superconducting storage device

  energy can be removed.

  Referring to FIG. 7, there is shown a fourth embodiment of the present invention,

  in which two energy storage units of a device

  energy storage are stacked by interpolating

sition of a support 8.

  Each of these units is formed by the placement of the magnet shaped cylindrical superconducting solenoid

  2 so that it is inscribed inside the magnet to-

  superconducting ring 1 having a D-shaped section, at its innermost circumference, in the direction of the large radius of this toroidal magnet. A circuit

  equivalent electrical device of Figure 7 is

  shown in FIG. 8, in which the coils 1 'and 2' are equivalent, from the electrical point of view, respectively

  superconducting toroidal magnets 1 having a

  in the form of D and magnets in the form of solenoidessupra-

  cylindrical conductors 2, which are connected in series, and a common electrical excitation power source 3 is provided so that the device can be used as a

  that superconducting energy storage device. Lors-

  that it is excited, the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 possesses

  D-shaped section produces an electroma-

  gnetic making a contraction in the direction of the great

  Ray. On the other hand, the magnet-shaped supraconal solenoid

  cylindrical duct 2 produces a di-

  in the opposite direction of the electromagnetic force produced by the superconducting toroidal magnet having a section

  in the form of D. Therefore the two electromagnetic forces

  In the case where the number of turns of the magnets and the like is adapted, the ticks may be mutually annulled. Although this embodiment represents the

  where the superconducting toroidal magnet 1 is used

  With a D-shaped section, the present invention is

  in the event that the superconducting toroidal armament 1 possesses

  D-section is replaced by a magnet

  prconductor 6 circular section similar to that represented

  4 and equipped with a support 7 formed of a single

  standing on the inner surface of the toroidal magnet above

* conductor circular section 6 so as to form a

  superconducting toroidal mantle having a

  The electromagnetic attraction forces acting on the respective units become internal forces of contraction at the junction between the units of

  so that these forces mutually annihilate each other and do not

  do not manifest in the form of an external force. By con-

  specific collection of the electromagnetic force

  of the superconducting energy storage device,

  of stacked form, by the external environment becomes

  tile. In this respect there is no limitation. In addition, the respective units can be stacked so as to save space in the location of the device. In addition

  the stacking direction of the units is not limited. For example

  we can stack the units vertically, horizontally

or obliquely.

  The theoretical inductance L of a superconducting unit

  This energy storage is represented by the relation:

= L1 +2 L (1)

  in which L1 represents the self-inductance of the to- magnet.

  superconducting linear and L2 represents the rate-inductance

  of the magnet in the form of a superconducting solenoid.

  The theoretical inductance Ln of n units is represented by the relation n i Ln, = n (L1 + L2) + 2L21 k ... (3) i = k i + 1

  where k is a coupling coefficient between

  mers in the form of adjacent solenoids of unit i and

  the unit i + 1, this coupling coefficient satisfying the re-

  n n-i lation kn + l = k n n + i It is clear from the previous relations that we can have the relation Ln,> nL. Therefore, when stacking storage units, the storage unit can be increased so that it is greater than a value

multiplied by a factor n.

  In each of the embodiments mentioned

  previously, thanks to the use of a supracon-

  high temperature conductor (temperature> liquid nitrogen level) as a wire-shaped material for each of the

  magnets, it is possible to obtain a superconducting device

  high-performance energy storage system, whose application

  refrigeration system is very simple and the main

tenancy is very simple.

  In accordance with the superconducting

  described above, the solenoid-shaped magnet

  the superconducting nozzle is arranged to be mechanically inscribed within the superconducting toroidal magnet and electrically connected in series

  to this superconducting toroidal magnet. Therefore, when

  that it is excited, the superconducting toroidal magnet produces

  a contraction force in the direction of the large radius.

  On the other hand the superconducting solenoid magnet produces an expansion force in the beam direction. The contraction force of the superconducting toroidal magnet can

  be annihilated by the expansion force of the magnet in

  superconducting solenoid, so that the electric force

  The tromagnet produced by the superconducting magnets can be supported without the need for a solid rock. Therefore, thanks to the present invention, it is possible to remove the limitations from the point of view

site conditions.

  In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,

  the magnet in the form of a superconducting solenoid is

  placed so as to surround the superconducting toroidal magnet and is electrically connected in series with the latter. By

  therefore, when excited, the suproidal toroidal magnet

  ductor produces a contractive force in the direction of the large radius and a force of expansion in the directions of the small individual rays. On the other hand, when

  excited, the superconducting solenoid magnet

  gives an expansion force in the direction of the large radius

  and a pinching force in the directions of the small ra-

  individuals. The contraction force of the toroid magnet

  The superconducting dal and the expansion force of the superconducting solenoid magnet acting in the direction of the large radius can be annihilated. Simultaneously, the expansion force of the superconducting toroidal magnet and the force

  pinching of the magnet in the form of a superconducting solenoid

  acting in the directions of the small individual radii

  duels can annihilate. Therefore the electromagnetic force

  genetics produced by superconducting magnets can be

  received without the need for a rock

  lide. This is why the present invention allows to eliminate

  limitations in terms of location conditions.

  In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,

  superconducting magnets consist of a plurality of units, each of which is formed by the connection

  serial electrical arrangement of the magnet superconducting toroidal magnet in the form of a superconducting solenoid

  in order to be mechanically

  of the superconducting toroldal magnet, the plurality of

  tees being stacked along the axis of the magnet in the form of

  cylindrical superconducting solenoid. Therefore, most

  energy storage units may be available.

  in such an efficient way that one can obtain an eco-

  place name. Therefore the present invention allows

  to save space for setting up and

grow storage energy.

  In addition, when the magnet solenoid form su-

  driver is registered, from a mechanical point of view, in

  inside the superconducting toroidal magnet, the contact surface between the two magnets is in the form of a

  plan since the superconducting toroidal magnet possesses

  of a shape of D in section or substantially a shape of D in section thanks to the fact that there is provided a support formed of a single

  on a superconducting toroidal magnet of circular section

  lar. Consequently, the present invention makes it possible

  to improve the mechanical connection between the two magnets,

re it be stronger.

- 15 -61895

Claims (15)

  1 - Superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets in order to release, when the case so requires, the energy magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets comprise a superconducting toroidal magnet (1) and a superconducting solenoid-shaped magnet (2) arranged to be inscribed within said superconducting toroidal magnet (1), said magnets (1, 2) being electrically connected in series to each other.   2 - superconducting energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that a high temperature superconducting wire material is used to make said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) and said magnet superconducting solenoid (2). ).  3 - A superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets to release energy when required magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets comprise a superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D-shaped section and a cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2) arranged to be inscribed within said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D-shaped section, said magnets (1, 2) being connected   electrically in series with each other.   4 - superconducting energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that there is provided a source of electrical energy (3) for exciting and controlling simultaneously said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a cross section D and said magnet cylindrical superconducting solenoid, which are   electrically connected in series to each other.   superconducting energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that electric power sources (3a, 3b) are provided for independently exciting and controlling said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) respectively. having a D-shaped section and said cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2), which are electrically connected in series to one another. - 16 -   6 - superconducting energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises detectors (4a, 4b) provided on said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D-shaped section and on said magnet in the form of a cylindrical superconducting solenoid (2) for detecting a stress and an electric current in said magnets (1, 2), and a control device (5) responsive to the respective output signals of said detectors (4a, 4b) of   in order to control said energy sources (3a, 3b).   Superconducting energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that a high temperature superconducting wire material is used for said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) and said superconducting solenoid magnet (2). . 8 - Superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets in order to release, when the case so requires, the energy magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets comprise: a superconducting toroldal magnet consisting of a superconducting toroidal magnet (6) having a circular section and a support (7) formed integrally within said superconducting toroidal magnet with circular section (6), so as to form a substantially D-shaped section; and a cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2) disposed within said superconducting toroidal magnet (6) so as to be inscribed in said carrier (7), said magnets (6, 2) being   electrically connected in series to each other.   9 - superconducting energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that there is provided a source of electrical energy to simultaneously excite and control said superconducting toroidal magnet with circular section (6) and said solenoid-shaped magnet cylindrical superconductor (2), which are connected   electrically in series from each other.   Superconducting energy storage device according to Claim 8, characterized in that electrical energy sources are provided for independently and independently controlling and energizing said circular section superconducting toroidal magnet (6) and said magnet. form of cylindrical superconducting solenoid (2),   which are electrically connected in series with each other. - 17 -   11 - Superconducting energy storage device according to claim 10, further characterized in that detectors (4a, 4b) are provided for said superconducting toroidal magnet (6) having a circular section and said solenoid-shaped magnet cylindrical superconductor (2) for detecting stress and electric current in said magnets (6, 2), and a controller responsive to respective output signals of said detectors for controlling said sources of electrical energy.   12 - A superconducting energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that a high temperature superconducting wire material is used for said circular section superconducting toroidal magnet (6) and said magnet in the form of a   cylindrical superconducting solenoid (2).   13 - A superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets to release energy when required magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets include a superconducting toroidal magnet (6) having a circular cross section, and a cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2) arranged enclosing said superconducting toroidal magnet (6), said   magnets (2, 6) being electrically connected in series with each other.   14 - Superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets to release energy when required magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets comprise a plurality of units, each of which is constituted by the electrical connection in series of a superconducting toroidal magnet (1) with a magnet in the form of a solenoid superconductor (2) arranged to be inscribed inside said superconducting toroidal magnet (1), the different units being stacked   along the axis of said superconducting solenoid magnet (2).   Superconducting energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that a high temperature superconducting wire material is used for said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) and said superconducting solenoid magnet (2). - 18 -   16 - Superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric current through superconducting magnets for the purpose of releasing, when required, the energy magnetic device in the form of electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets are constituted by a plurality of units, each of which comprises a superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D-shaped section and a solenoid-shaped magnet cylindrical superconductor (2) arranged to be inscribed within said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D-shaped section, said magnets (1, 2) being electrically connected in series and said different units being stacked in the direction   axial of said cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2).   17 - superconducting energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that there is provided a source of electrical energy (3) for simultaneously exciting and controlling said superconducting toroidal magnet (1) having a D and said cylindrical superconducting solenoid magnet (2), which are   electrically connected in series.   A superconducting energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein a high temperature superconducting wire material is used for said D-shaped superconducting toroidal magnet (1) and said solenoid-shaped magnet. cylindrical superconductor (2).   19 - Superconducting energy storage device for storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy by passing an electric fuel into superconducting magnets to release, when required, the energy magnetic device in the form of an electrical energy, characterized in that said superconducting magnets are constituted by a plurality of units, each of which comprises: a superconducting toroldal magnet constituted by a superconducting toroidal magnet (6) having a section of circular shape and a support (7) integrally formed within said superconducting toroidal magnet (6) having a circular cross-section so as to form a substantially D-shaped section, and a cylindrical superconducting solenoid-shaped element (2) arranged inside said superconducting toroidal magnet (6) so as to be inscribed inside said support (7), said magnet ts (6, 2) being electrically connected in series with each other, and said plurality of units being - 19 -   stacked in the axial direction of said solenoid magnet cylindrical superconductor (2).