EP0364545A1 - Procede et installation d'extraction d'huiles et de graisses de produits naturels - Google Patents
Procede et installation d'extraction d'huiles et de graisses de produits naturelsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0364545A1 EP0364545A1 EP89903986A EP89903986A EP0364545A1 EP 0364545 A1 EP0364545 A1 EP 0364545A1 EP 89903986 A EP89903986 A EP 89903986A EP 89903986 A EP89903986 A EP 89903986A EP 0364545 A1 EP0364545 A1 EP 0364545A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cross
- cell disruption
- flow filtration
- oil
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 15
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000207836 Olea <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010635 coffee oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
- B01D29/885—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices with internal recirculation through the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
- B01D29/94—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
- B01D29/945—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes for continuously discharging concentrated liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/12—Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi- unit filters, e.g. for regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/147—Microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/149—Multistep processes comprising different kinds of membrane processes selected from ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a plant for the extraction of oils and fats from natural products by extraction with water as a means of transport.
- Oils and fats from natural products e.g. Oilseeds such as sunflowers and soybeans can be obtained by pressing, extraction or melting. The oilseeds are cleaned and chopped for pretreatment. Depending on the oil content, one of the methods mentioned then follows, and extraction can be followed by extraction.
- the extraction process uses water or a gasoline fraction as a solvent. Gasoline fractions are flammable and explosive. They have to be expelled from the oil and extraction residues with great effort, although the remaining residual solvent content can still be harmful to health. The aim is therefore to move away from these solvents and primarily use water for the extraction.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and a system of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and ensures efficient, environmentally friendly oil production with low operating costs and high yields.
- this object is achieved in that the raw material is processed at least by comminution and cell disruption, and the oil which is released is at least partially emulsified by adding water, and the separation of the oil / water mixture from insoluble protein and cell material by means of crossflow filtration is carried out.
- pressure homogenizers that generate high cavitation forces are used.
- the physical cell disruption can also take place at least in part with the aid of toothed rotor-stator colloid mills. It is expedient to carry out the cell disruption in one or two passes through the cell disruption device.
- the enzymatic cell disruption takes place at least partially by means of cellulase enzymes.
- the enzymatic or physical cell disruption and / or the filtering ability can be promoted by means of pectinase, amylase or proteinase enzymes.
- the pH is adjusted to a value which corresponds to the minimum protein solubility.
- the mass transfer of the oil to the membrane of the crossflow filtration takes place at least in part by forming emulsions with water as a carrier. Due to the intensive treatment of the raw material by physically disintegrating the cells as much as possible during the preparation, it makes sense to go as far as to emulsify at the same time as the cell disruption.
- the filtration capacity is increased if cross-flow filtration for separating the oil / water mixture is carried out by means of coarse filtration when emulsion drops form in the range of> 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the cross-flow filtration is carried out at a temperature of 45 to 65 ° C.
- Cross-flow filtration with diafiltration is used to improve the yield. It is particularly expedient, in the case of continuous operation, to carry out the diafiltration at least partially in parallel with the filtration process. According to a further advantageous feature of the invention, the cell disruption of the raw material is carried out at least partially during cross-flow filtration.
- the cell disruption in the circulation circuit of the cross-flow filtration device is carried out by combining the circulation pump with a toothed rotor-stator colloid mill in several passes or analogously by means of a colloid mill or rotor-stator cell disruption mill connected in series with the circulation pump.
- the cell disruption takes place in a cell disruption device which is arranged in a side stream of the circulation circuit after the addition of diafiltration water to the side stream of the crossflow filtration.
- the cell disruption device advantageously consists of a pressure homogenizer.
- the rest of the retentate is processed into food and beverages or high-quality animal feed.
- the water separated from the oil during emulsion separation is treated and at least partially returned to the process.
- the residues resulting from the preparation of the raw material are mixed with the retentate of the cross-flow filtration device in a recycling press with the addition of absorbent, compressible and fibrous, flaky or granular material and the pressed liquid is returned to the process.
- an oil / water emulsion that is stable at least for the duration of the recycling process is formed by cell disruption within the cross-flow filtration device or by adding emulsifiers.
- the retentate of the first cross-flow filtration device is subjected to at least one second, coarser cross-flow filtration and the permeate from the second or further cross-flow filter is set up on the retentate side the first Cross flow filtration device returned.
- the advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that the use of crossflow filtration according to the invention achieves an optimal separation of the oil / water mixture from the solids and an improvement in the quality of the end product with increased yield and with greatly reduced enzyme consumption.
- the Reeycling measures which can be carried out through the use of cross-flow filtration, enable a further improvement in yield, a useful disposal of residues and operation with very low water consumption.
- 1 is a schematic representation of the system for continuous or batch operation
- Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a system for continuous operation and recycling and Fig. 3 shows another embodiment with a second cross-flow filtration device.
- the raw material to be processed which from natural products such. B. oilseeds of sunflowers or soybeans, is first pre-cleaned, optionally unveiled and fed to a processing plant 1 (Fig. 1).
- the raw material is pre-shredded in the wet or dry state and then further shredded with a view to cell disruption.
- the cell disruption can be carried out physically in a known manner using colloid mills, in particular using toothed rotors / stators or similar processing tools, and using homogenizers, friction rolling mills, etc.
- the cell disruption can also be carried out enzymatically using cellulase enzymes.
- pectinase In addition to cellulase, pectinase, amylase and proteinase enzymes can also be used to reduce viscosity and improve filterability.
- cellulase e.g. B. for the production of diesel oil
- chemical cell disruption The methods mentioned for disrupting the cells of the raw material can be used either individually or in combination.
- the enzyma is used in the food sector table cell disruption processes mainly to support physical cell disruption. As a result, energy is saved when high product quality is achieved. Conversely, the predominant physical cell disruption results in a low enzyme consumption.
- the oil contained in the raw material is preferably extracted from the raw material in combination with the cell disruption during the preparation phase by forming an oil-water emulsion.
- water is introduced via a line 2 into the treatment plant 1, which emulsifies as a result of the intensive treatment of the raw material with the oil which is thereby released.
- the task of forming an oil / water emulsion is, among other things, to improve the mass transfer of the oil to the membrane of the subsequent cross-flow filtration. It is important for the formation of emulsions that the cell fragments resulting from the cell disruption remain as large as possible so that the subsequent cross-flow filtration is not inhibited by clogging of the pores or by corresponding film formation on the membrane.
- emulsifiers it is normally not necessary to add emulsifiers to improve emulsion formation. However, if emulsifiers are used, these can be added during the preparation phase or during cross-flow filtration. Subsequently or together with the cell disruption, one or more enzyme treatments can also be carried out in the treatment plant 1.
- the pH is expediently adjusted to a value which corresponds to the minimum protein solubility, i.e. H. corresponds to the isoletric point. This measure serves to retain as much of the valuable protein as possible in the retentate of the subsequent crossflow filtration.
- the crushed and emulsified raw material in the treatment plant 1, treated by cell disruption, is fed via a line 3 to the retentate-side circulation circuit 4 of a cross-flow filtration device 5.
- a container 6 and a circulation pump 7 is arranged, which introduces the mixture of cell pieces and emulsified oil / water coming from the container 6 into the retentate side of the cross-flow filtration device 5.
- the oil / water mixture of insoluble protein and cell material is separated on the membrane 8 of the crossflow filtration device 5.
- the emulsion which mainly contains oil and water and also contains soluble proteins, is removed as permeate via a line 9 and separated in a subsequent centrifuge or another filtration device in a known manner.
- the system according to FIG. 1 can be created for continuous as well as batch operation.
- the cross-flow filtration device 5 can be designed as an ultra, micro or coarse filtration device. The choice is made on the basis of corresponding requirements in terms of purity, yield and permeate flux or cell disruption and emulsion formation.
- the ultrafiltration and microfiltration is advantageously used to separate the oil / water emulsion in microemulsions with a droplet size of less than 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the micro-emulsion is particularly suitable for the production of high-quality, pure products such as 3. Essence oils, coffee oil and the like. By using ultrafiltration, even more cleaning can be done save steps for the oil, so that in some cases the higher effort for micro-emulsion formation and ultrafiltration can be compensated. In such cases, the use of ultra or microfiltration can also be of interest for lower quality products.
- ultrafiltration also retains soluble proteins in the retentate. This enables the production of soy drinks from the retentate. Since enzymes are also retained by ultra and microfiltration, this also results in savings in enzyme costs. In certain cases, e.g. B. when performing a subsequent cleavage by hydrolysis of the oil, the emulsion can even be processed completely or with only partial emulsion separation due to the purity. This reduces the cost of emulsion separation after cross-flow filtration.
- the cross-flow filtration device 5 is advantageously designed as a coarse filtration device with a pore size> 10 ⁇ m. This achieves a high filtration performance.
- the filtration process in the cross flow filtration device device 5 is preferably carried out at a temperature of 45 to 65 ° C. On the one hand, this achieves a high permeate performance with inexpensive plastic membranes, prevents undesired growth of microorganisms and, on the other hand, prevents product damage. By using cross flow filtration, a good filtration performance (perraeat flux) is made possible despite the presence of relatively small cell fragments.
- the resulting protein-containing retentate residue can be used in foods, e.g. B. Soya drinks, but also to prepare high-quality feed.
- the crossflow filtration device 5 is operated with diafiltration. This is preferably carried out in parallel with the filtration process, especially in the case of continuous oil production.
- the water flowing off with the permeate is replaced and the solids content in the retentate is kept constant in a certain range.
- the viscosity of the retentate which is decisive for the filtration performance, thus also remains approximately constant.
- yields in the range of more than 99% can be achieved, which corresponds to those of the conventional oil extraction process.
- a colloid mill combined with the circulation pump 7 is arranged in the circulation circuit 4 of the cross-flow filtration device 5 and has a fixed stator 10 and a rotating toothed rotor 11 cooperating with it.
- the cell material coming from the treatment plant 1 and mixed with the retentate of the cross-flow filtration device 5 is ground between the stator 10 and the toothed rotor 11 of the combined circulation pump 7, physically disrupted and simultaneously emulsified.
- the retentate circulating in the circulation circuit 4 thus predominantly contains cell material and insoluble proteins, suspended in an oil / water emulsion.
- the circulation circuit 4 has two functions in this embodiment, namely circulation and gentle cell disruption in the combined circulation pump 7 with multiple passes. This reduces the energy requirement.
- a colloid mill or similar device for cell disruption can also be connected in series with the circulation pump 7.
- FIG. 1 Another possibility of physical cell disruption shown in FIG. 1 during crossflow filtration is that in a side stream 12 of the order Rolling circuit 4 is preferably arranged as a cell disruption device, an emulsifying nozzle in the form of a pressure homogenizer 13, to which the cell material is supplied by means of an upstream high-pressure pump 14. Due to the circulation, the cell disruption can take place in several passes under the action of cavitation forces.
- the water for the diafiltration is fed to the side flow 12 of the circulation circuit 4 through a line 15. Because of the relatively low volume flow through the cell disruption device and the possibility of disrupting the cells through the given circuit in several passes, the result is a relatively low pressure required for the operation of a homogenizing nozzle and a relatively low energy consumption for the cell disruption.
- the measures mentioned for cell disruption and emulsion formation in the treatment plant 1 and / or in the crossflow filtration device 5 can be used both individually and in combination.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 shows a continuously operating system for carrying out the method according to the invention as a recycling process.
- the processing plant 1 consists of a device 16 for the casing the oil seeds, a subsequent grinder 17 and a device 18 for fine grinding, disintegrating the cells and for forming the oil / water emulsion.
- a pre-treatment stage 19 for treating the raw material with enzymes and for adjusting the pH is provided between the grinder 17 and the device 18.
- the subsequent cross-flow filtration takes place in several stages by means of diafiltration in three coarse, micro or ultrafiltration devices 20 connected in parallel.
- an emulsifying nozzle 22 or one with the Circulation pump 23 combined colloid mill can be arranged for the physical cell disruption.
- the permeate of the coarse, micro or ultrafiltration devices 20 is fed via a manifold 24 to a further cross-flow filtration device 25 for separating the oil / water emulsion.
- the crossflow filtration device 25 is preferably designed as an ultra or microfiltration device.
- the crude oil separated from the water as a retentate leaves the crossflow filtration device 25 via a line 26.
- the water flowing off as a permeate via a line 27 is at least partially returned to the process. It is expedient for the water in one of the cross-flow filtration devices 25 downstream commercial water treatment system 28 to clean beforehand.
- the treated water reaches the respective circulation circuit 21 of the coarse, micro or ultrafiltration devices 20, where it is used for diafiltration and for emulsification.
- Another line 31 branching off from the water treatment system 28 is provided for supplying the treatment system 1 with fresh water.
- a treatment stage 34 for neutralizing the retentate can be arranged in line 32 in front of the recycling press 33.
- the pods and skins of the oilseeds that occur in the processing plant 1 during the unveiling and comminution are also via a line 35 introduced into the recycling press 33.
- rice husks, straw etc. and similar waste from other production sites such as B. Ap fel tres ter can be used.
- the retentate supplied with the line 32 is mixed with the sleeves before or in the recycling press 33 and the resulting mixture is pressed out.
- the squeezed liquid is returned via a line 36 to the process, preferably to the treatment plant 1 in front of the device 18.
- the oil from the coarse, micro or ultrafiltration devices 20 must be fine and reasonably stable emulsified. This is achieved by the previous measures such as cell disruption within the crossflow filtration devices 20 and by the possible addition of emulsifiers. As a result, an emulsion is again obtained as the squeezed liquid. Solid substances in the retentate are largely retained by the sieving action of the filtration channels in the recycling press 33.
- Horizontal batch presses are best suited as recycling presses because of the good filtering effect due to the long flow paths for the juice.
- the solid residue from the recycling press 33 can be converted into one in a subsequent drying and briquetting device 37 process full feed.
- the yield of the system is further improved, the retentate is usefully disposed of from the crossflow filtration device 20 and extracted with very little water consumption.
- FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the retentate is fed to the crossflow filtration device 5 via a line 38 to a second, coarser filtering crossflow filtration device 39.
- the permeate of the crossflow filtration device 39 is returned via a line 40 to the retentate side of the first crossflow filtration device 5.
- the oil / water emulsion is discharged as a permeate via a line 41.
- the first cross-flow filtration device 5 can be operated continuously as a simple, single-stage system with a strong dilution of the raw material with water. This results in an above average high membrane flux with regard to oil.
- the highly diluted retentate from the cross-flow filtration device 5 is continuously concentrated by the cross-flow filtration device 39.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Selon un procédé d'extraction d'huile de produits naturels, le matériau brut est fragmenté dans une installation de préparation (1) et traité par désintégration cellulaire. On forme avec l'huile ainsi libérée une émulsion par adjonction d'eau. Le mélange huile/eau est ensuite séparé des protéines et matériaux cellulaires insolubles dans un dispositif (5) de filtrage à courant transversal. La désintégration cellulaire et l'émulsification peuvent se faire additionnellement ou alternativement dans le dispositif (5) de filtrage à courant transversal. On obtient par ces mesures une amélioration de la qualité du produit final et une augmentation du rendement à des coûts réduits d'exploitation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1204/88 | 1988-03-30 | ||
CH1204/88A CH675730A5 (fr) | 1988-03-30 | 1988-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0364545A1 true EP0364545A1 (fr) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=4204936
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89903986A Withdrawn EP0364545A1 (fr) | 1988-03-30 | 1989-03-29 | Procede et installation d'extraction d'huiles et de graisses de produits naturels |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0364545A1 (fr) |
CH (1) | CH675730A5 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1989009255A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI901135A (fi) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-09-07 | Oeljynpuristamo Oy | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av vaextoljeprodukt. |
ES2046135B1 (es) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-09-01 | Univ Santiago Compostela | Tratamiento enzimatico de semillas oleaginosas para mejorar la extraccion de aceite y simultaneamente aumentar la calidad nutricional de la harina. |
DE4431394C1 (de) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-15 | Heilscher Karl Prof Dr Sc | Verfahren zur Kaltgewinnung von Klarsaft, Trub und Öl aus Sanddornbeeren und ihre Verwendung |
DE4431393C1 (de) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-15 | Heilscher Karl Prof Dr Sc | Verfahren zur Kaltgewinnung von Sanddornbeerenölen und Sanddornbeerenmazerat mit reduziertem Fettgehalt und ihre Verwendung |
DE4431395C1 (de) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-15 | Heilscher Karl Prof Dr Sc | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ölhaltigen, trubstoffstabilen Halbfertigerzeugnissen aus Früchten mit ölhaltigem Fruchtfleisch, insbesondere Sanddornbeeren und ihre Verwendung |
DE10339010A1 (de) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-24 | Süd-Chemie AG | Enzymatische Behandlung einer Masse aus Oliven oder Olivenbestandteilen |
ITTV20070180A1 (it) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-13 | Velo Spa | Macchina di filtrazione per filtrazione tangenziale |
DE102012013756A1 (de) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Contec Maschinenbau Klocke Gmbh | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Gewinnung von Pflanzenölen aus ölhaltigen Pflanzenprodukten |
WO2020125985A1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Dutch Clean Tech Group B.V. | Récupération d'huile végétale à partir de sources naturelles |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2234263C3 (de) * | 1972-07-12 | 1980-07-31 | Maizena Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zur ölgewinnung aus ölhaltigen Getreidekeimen |
FR2443865A1 (fr) * | 1978-12-11 | 1980-07-11 | Anvar | Procede et installation d'extraction de principes solubles de matieres premieres par exemple de graines |
GB2127425A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-11 | Imp Biotechnology | Extraction of vegetable oils |
CH676653A5 (fr) * | 1986-08-19 | 1991-02-28 | Bucher Guyer Ag Masch | |
CH671322A5 (fr) * | 1986-09-29 | 1989-08-31 | Bucher Guyer Ag Masch |
-
1988
- 1988-03-30 CH CH1204/88A patent/CH675730A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-03-29 WO PCT/CH1989/000063 patent/WO1989009255A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-03-29 EP EP89903986A patent/EP0364545A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8909255A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1989009255A1 (fr) | 1989-10-05 |
CH675730A5 (fr) | 1990-10-31 |
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