EP0360938B1 - Brosses et soies synthétiques - Google Patents

Brosses et soies synthétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0360938B1
EP0360938B1 EP88309092A EP88309092A EP0360938B1 EP 0360938 B1 EP0360938 B1 EP 0360938B1 EP 88309092 A EP88309092 A EP 88309092A EP 88309092 A EP88309092 A EP 88309092A EP 0360938 B1 EP0360938 B1 EP 0360938B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bristle
synthetic
bristles
brush
throughout
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88309092A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0360938A1 (fr
Inventor
Fredrick Brandt Burns
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Newell Operating Co
Original Assignee
Newell Operating Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newell Operating Co filed Critical Newell Operating Co
Priority to AT88309092T priority Critical patent/ATE120622T1/de
Priority to EP88309092A priority patent/EP0360938B1/fr
Priority to DE3853534T priority patent/DE3853534T2/de
Priority to ES88309092T priority patent/ES2072863T3/es
Publication of EP0360938A1 publication Critical patent/EP0360938A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0360938B1 publication Critical patent/EP0360938B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in brushes, an improvement in synthetic bristles used in brushes, and methodology for producing such improved synthetic bristles.
  • One aim of this invention is to provide synthetic bristles which have not only the aforementioned benefits of such synthetics, but also many of the attributes of natural bristles never before available in synthetic versions.
  • a second aim of this invention is to provide a synthetic bristle superior to conventional synthetics in terms of polymeric material utilization efficiency.
  • a third aim is to provide a synthetic bristle which is opaque, or nearly opaque, to light without requiring pigmentation or by using significantly less pigmentation than conventional synthetics.
  • Natural bristle materials result from organic growth processes wherein elongated cellular formations build upon one another to form essentially rod-like structures of sufficient resilience and integrity to serve the functional needs required in brushes for painting, powdering, scrubbing, sweeping and the like. It is the cellular wall formation that provides structural character to these natural bristles along with the complex chemical makeup of the specific bristle.
  • Some natural bristles are essentially tapered in that one end (the butt end) of the bristle is larger than the other (tip end). Still others are not tapered or have very little of this tendency.
  • Natural bristles are always irregular in shape along their length, and have scale-like outer surfaces. Some of these are naturally split at the end, forming tiny fingers which are useful in brush performance.
  • Synthetic bristles are available in tapered or untapered form, and in cross-sectional profiles of solid round, hollow round, ribbed, S-shaped and other shapes dependent on extrusion technology. All synthetics to date require physical splitting of the ends (flagging) where this is deemed desirable in brushes.
  • the result of this improvement is to provide synthetic bristles which combine the appearance and physical properties associated with natural bristles with chemical and physical properties associated with the polymeric materials used in their composition.
  • these improved synthetic bristles by virtue of their cellular structure, are less dense than other synthetics made from the same polymers.
  • such bristles may possess only 70 to 75% of the weight of, (though not limited to this range), synthetics made in the same cross-sectional profile from the same base polymer. This benefit provides more efficient utilization of the base polymer and desirably lighter weight bristles.
  • These improved synthetic bristles are more easily split or flagged than synthetics of the same cross-sectional profile.
  • US-A-4 010 308 describes a two- or three-material coated fibre in which the backbone comprises a glass fibre to which a coating is applied; and Example XII thereof describes the use of this coated fibre in a brush.
  • this is an expensive way of producing a brush bristle, and the incorporation of carbon black in the bristle makes it unsuitable for the application of, say, white paint.
  • a brush as a device, composed of a multiplicity of bristles attached to a handle and designed primarily for painting, powdering, scrubbing, sweeping and the like. While any brush may perform all of these tasks outlined to some degree, use experience and refinement have led to more specific brush designs for each of these applications.
  • the shapes of the handles are generally different and may be expressly designed for these different functions of painting, powdering, sweeping and scrubbing, as well as refined within each function, especially as related to the specific task.
  • scrubbing brush handles usually take different forms from painting brush handles, but tooth scrubbing brushes usually also are different in design from floor scrubbing brushes, and brushes designed for sash painting normally have different shaped handles from wall painting brushes.
  • Bristles used in brushes also are selected or designed for the particular application of the brush.
  • bristles in general, we define bristles as being relatively coarse hairs, filaments and fibres which possess sufficient resilience and integrity to provide the function required of a brush.
  • scrubbing requires the most resilient bristles and painting the least resilient with artists brushes being the softest. Sweeping usually requires an intermediate resilience. Resilience is a function of the bristle's cross-sectional area relative to its length as well as the flexural properties of the bristle material substance.
  • paint brushes As explained below: Two paint brushes were constructed, using a standard formulation in one case, and an experimental formulation in the other. The difference was substitution in the experimental brush of 40% by weight of our improved cellular synthetic bristle for a like amount of a commercial synthetic bristle. Both synthetics were of tapered form; of polyester material; and of the same physical size. The two brushes were determined to have the same flexural stiffness when compared in a special device designed for that purpose.
  • Synthetic bristles are conventionally produced by first melting an appropriate resin, thermoplastic polymer, co-polymer, alloy or mixture, in combination with certain additives to add opacity, color, and to minimize thermal degradation. Such materials are often pre-compounded in major constituents such as pelletized special grade resins, and pelletized colorants and additives. Standard practice is to melt the resin and additive mixture to a temperature appropriate to the resin grade for hot melt extrusion through a group of small diameter orifices in a head. A group of small diameter filaments emerge from the extrusion head and are carried forward through take up rolls, water baths (or other liquids) and controlled temperature zones, see Figure 1.
  • this take-up system is to orient the essentially random molecular structure into an essentially axially aligned structure within each filament.
  • This process which elongates the filaments and reduces their diameters, is sometimes called drawing, and provides linear integrity to the filaments.
  • These filaments are later cut to length.
  • the filament to length ratio is such that the resulting cut section has suitable resilience properties for use in a brush as a substitute for natural bristle as previously described, it is a synthetic bristle.
  • a variety of bristle cross-sectional shapes are commercially produced. For example, X-shapes, triangular, round, and even hollow shapes are formed as taught by others.
  • sections may be cut so that tapered synthetic bristles are produced having a thick end and a thin end, and simulating in this respect naturally tapered bristle grown by hogs or swine.
  • the invention comprises including, in the extrusion melt or process, certain other additives; sometimes called foaming or blowing agents, including nucleating materials, which are designed to create tiny gaseous bubbles at random within the extruding filaments.
  • foaming or blowing agents including nucleating materials, which are designed to create tiny gaseous bubbles at random within the extruding filaments.
  • tiny elongated cells are formed within the filament structure (see Figure 3).
  • the bubbles or bubble craters occurring near the filament surface(s) cause indentations and roughness at the filament surface which is scale-like in character, and which can be controlled in the extrusion portion of the process.
  • the random occurrence and random size of the bubbles within the filaments form a somewhat irregular shape as opposed to the true, uniform shape resulting from conventional technology.

Landscapes

  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Soie synthétique convenant à une utilisation dans des brosses, la soie étant composée sur toute sa longueur d'une matière synthétique fondue choisie dans le groupe constitué essentiellement de polymères synthétiques, de copolymères ou d'alliages, grâce à quoi plusieurs cellules résultant de l'action de bulles de gaz d'un agent gonflant additionné à la matière synthétique fondue forment des espaces vides dans la soie et sont distribuées de façon aléatoire sur toute la section transversale de la soie et sur toute sa longueur, caractérisée en ce que :
    (a) la soie présente une forme sensiblement uniforme en section transversale sur toute sa longueur ; et
    (b) l'extérieur de la soie présente une finition de surface irrégulière, analogue à des écailles, dérivée de cratères situés de façon aléatoire et formés lorsqu'une bulle de gaz rompt la surface extérieure, et de pics situés de façon aléatoire et formés par l'action de bulles de gaz qui sont proches de la surface extérieure, mais sans la rompre.
  2. Soie synthétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière synthétique de la soie est choisie dans le groupe constitué essentiellement de (a) un polyester, (b) un Nylon et (c) une polyoléfine.
  3. Soie synthétique selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que toutes les cellules à l'intérieur de la soie sont orientées dans une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la soie.
  4. Soie synthétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-3, caractérisée en ce que la soie est d'une section transversale sensiblement circulaire.
  5. Brosse composée de plusieurs soies, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une proportion des soies sont des soies synthétiques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-4.
  6. Brosse selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins 40 % des soies de la brosse sont des soies selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-4.
  7. Procédé de production d'une soie de brosse qui comprend la fusion d'une ou plusieurs matières choisies dans le groupe constitué (a) d'un polymère synthétisé, (b) d'un copolymère, (c) d'un alliage ou (d) d'un mélange de polymères synthétiques, à une température appropriée pour une extrusion dans un état fondu et chaud à travers des orifices de faible diamètre, et l'addition d'un agent gonflant à la matière ou aux matières synthétiques fondues pour engendrer des bulles de gaz dans toute la masse de cette dernière sous sa forme ensuite extrudée afin de générer une multiplicité de cellules situées de façon aléatoire, résultant de l'action de l'agent gonflant à l'intérieur et dans toute la matière synthétique, caractérisé par l'étirage de la matière ou des matières synthétiques pour former une soie ayant une forme en section transversale sensiblement uniforme sur toute sa longueur et pour allonger les cellules dans la direction de l'axe de la soie sur toute sa longueur, l'agent gonflant engendrant aussi une surface extérieure écailleuse sur les soies à partir de cratères situés de façon aléatoire, formés lorsque dos bulles générées par l'agent gonflant rompent la surface extérieure, et de pics situés de façon aléatoire, formés par l'action de bulles de gaz qui sont proches de la surface extérieure, mais ne la rompent pas.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les soies sont d'une section transversale sensiblement circulaire.
EP88309092A 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Brosses et soies synthétiques Expired - Lifetime EP0360938B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88309092T ATE120622T1 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische borsten.
EP88309092A EP0360938B1 (fr) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Brosses et soies synthétiques
DE3853534T DE3853534T2 (de) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Bürsten und synthetische Borsten.
ES88309092T ES2072863T3 (es) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Mejoras en cepillos y cerdas sinteticas.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88309092A EP0360938B1 (fr) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Brosses et soies synthétiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360938A1 EP0360938A1 (fr) 1990-04-04
EP0360938B1 true EP0360938B1 (fr) 1995-04-05

Family

ID=8200233

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88309092A Expired - Lifetime EP0360938B1 (fr) 1988-09-30 1988-09-30 Brosses et soies synthétiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0360938B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE120622T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3853534T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2072863T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4113008C1 (en) * 1991-04-20 1992-03-05 Matthias Dr. 4320 Hattingen De Kratofiel Sterilising and drying toothbrush - involves irradiating with microwaves, all brush components being resistant to microwaves

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE640194A (fr) *
US4010308A (en) * 1953-05-04 1977-03-01 Wiczer Sol B Filled porous coated fiber
FR1508433A (fr) * 1965-08-24 1968-01-05 Synthese France Filament mousse artificiel en polymère ou copolymère du propylène
BE691957A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1967-05-29
DD153464A3 (de) * 1979-03-08 1982-01-13 Frieder Kuhnert Synthetische borsten fuer pinsel,buersten und besen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2072863T3 (es) 1995-08-01
DE3853534D1 (de) 1995-05-11
EP0360938A1 (fr) 1990-04-04
DE3853534T2 (de) 1995-10-12
ATE120622T1 (de) 1995-04-15

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