Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC

Definitions

• This invention relates to a detergent composition for treating fabrics, in particular to such compositions which are capable of softening natural fibre wash load articles without causing redeposition problems on any synthetic fibre fabrics in the load.
• the invention is directed to alkaline compositions capable of achieving an optimum balance of softening and detergency across a mixed fibre wash load.
• a problem associated with the deposition of organic fabric softening agents on fabrics during the wash is that to achieve a desirable degree of softening effect on fabrics, an increase in the deposition of fatty and particulate soil occurs on synthetic fabrics, leading to unsightly discolouration.
• Products designed for cleaning fabrics often contain in addition to a detergent active material to remove soil from the fabric, an anti-redeposition material to reduce the redeposition of the removed soil from the wash liquor back onto the fabrics.
• Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) is one material used for this purpose. It reduces redeposition of clay and soot (or carbon) particulate soils onto hydrophilic fabrics such as cotton but not on hydrophobic fabrics.
• redeposition problems are particularly extreme because the redeposition problem is one of organic fatty soil together with particulate, inorganic, soil.
• EP213730 (Unilever C3076) there is disclosed a fabric treatment composition
• a fabric treatment composition comprising an organic fabric softening agent and a water-soluble nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having a specified HLB and gel point.
• a fabric treatment composition comprising:
• HLB is a well known measure of the hydrophilic-lyophilic balance of a material and can be calculated from its molecular structure.
• the cellulose ether derivatives useful herein are polymers which are water-soluble at room temperature.
• the gel point of polymers can be measured in a number of ways. In the present context the gel point is measured on a polymer solution prepared by dispersion at 60/70°C and cooling to 20° - 25°C at 10 g/l concentration in deionised water. 50 ml of this solution placed in a beaker is heated, with stirring, at a heating rate of approximately 5°C/minute. The temperature at which the solution clouds is the gel point of the cellulose ether being tested and is measured using a Sybron/Brinkmann colorimeter at 80% transmission/450 nm.
• the degree of substitution (DS) of the anhydroglucose ring may be any value up to the theoretical maximum value of 3, but is preferably from about 1.9-2.9, there being a maximum of 3 hydroxyl groups on each anhydroglucose unit in cellulose.
• the expression 'molar substitution' (MS) is sometimes also used in connection with these polymers and refers the number of hydroxyalkyl substituents per anhydroglucose ring and may be more than 3 when the substituents themselves carry further substituents.
• the most highly preferred polymers have an average number of anhydroglucose units in the cellulose polymer, or weight average degree of polymerisation, from about 50 to about 1,200.
• anhydroglucose units in the cellulose polymer or weight average degree of polymerisation, from about 50 to about 1,200.
• cellulose ether derivatives suitable for use in the present invention are commercially available, as follows: DS/MS Trade Name Gel Point °C HLB (Davies) alkyl/hydroxalkyl BERMOCOLL CST035 (ex Berol Kemi) 35 3.40 ) 1.4 ethyl ) 0.5 hydroxyethyl BERMOCOLL E481 (ex Berol Kemi) 56 3.77 ) 0.9 ethyl ) 2.0 hydroxyethyl TYLOSE MHB 1000 (ex Hoechst) 54 3.52 ) 2.0 methyl ) 0.1 hydroxyethyl
• the level of the cellulose ether derivative in the compositions of the invention is ideally from 0.1% to 3% by weight, preferably 0.5% to 2% by weight.
• the organic precipitant builder is a water-soluble material that reacts with Ca2+ ions, and preferably also with Mg2+ ions, usually in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, to form an insoluble salt.
• the solubility product of the calcium salt of the organic precipitant builder is usually less than 10 ⁇ 8, preferably less than 10 ⁇ 9, ie. a pK of usually more than 8.0, preferably more than 9.0 where pK is the negative logorithum to base 10 of the solubility product.
• the organic precipitant builder is a compound of the formula II: wherein R1, Y and Z have the meanings given above, and p is 0 or 1.
• the organic precipitant builder is a compound of the formula V: or of the formula VI: wherein R1 and Y have the meanings given above and v and w are each 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.
• Blends of compounds of different chain lengths for example, the -sulpho salt of coconut fatty acids (coco-SFAS), or of tallow fatty acids (tallow-SFAS), or of blended coconut and tallow fatty acids, may also advantageously be used.
• coco-SFAS coconut fatty acids
• tallow-SFAS tallow fatty acids
• blended coconut and tallow fatty acids may also advantageously be used.
• the organic precipitant builder is a compound of the formula VIII: where R1 and Y have the meanings given above and q and r are each 0 to 4.
• R1 and Y have the meanings given above and q and r are each 0 to 4.
• Compounds of the formula VIII in which q is zero and r is zero or 1, eg. C18 alkane 1,2 disulphonate and the corresponding 1,2 sulphinate-sulphonate are of especial interest.
• the level of organic precipitant builder in the compositions of the invention is ideally from 3% to 75% by weight, preferably more than 10% by weight. To leave room in the formulation for other ingredients, it is preferred not to exceed a level of 50% by weight.
• compositions according to the invention optionally additionally contain one or more detergent active materials, selected from soaps, non-soap anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric synthetic detergent active materials.
• detergent active materials selected from soaps, non-soap anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric synthetic detergent active materials.
• Nonionic detergent active materials are especially useful in the context of the present invention.
• Many suitable detergent compounds are commercially available and are fully described in the literature, for example in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
• Anionic non-soap detergent active materials are usually water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic mono sulphates and mono sulphonates (as distinguished eg. from the disulphonates mentioned as organic precipitant builders above) having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
• suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C8-C18) alcohols produced for example from tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C9-C20) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C10-C15) benzene sulphonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acids and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane monos
• Suitable nonionic detergent compounds which may be used include in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide.
• Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols-ethylene oxide condensates, generally up to 25 EO, ie up to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, the condensation products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally up to 40 EO, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
• Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include alkyl polyglycosides, long tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
• Mixtures of anionic and nonionic compounds may be used in the detergent compositions, particularly to provide controlled low sudsing properties. This is beneficial for compositions intended for use in suds-intolerant automatic washing machines.
• Amounts of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds can also be used in the compositions of the invention but this is not normally desired due to their relatively high cost. If any amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds are used it is generally in small amounts.
• soap includes not only the usual alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids, but also the organic salts which can be formed by complexing fatty acids with organic nitrogen-containing materials such as amines and derivatives thereof.
• the soap comprises salts of higher fatty acids preferably containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule, or mixtures thereof.
• Suitable soaps include sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, sodium salts of tallow, coconut oil and palm oil fatty acids and complexes between stearic and/or palmitic fatty acids and/or tallow and/or coconut oil and/or palm oil fatty acids with water-soluble alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, di- or tri­ethanolamine, N-methylethanol-amine, N-ethylethanolamine, 2-methylethanolamine and 2, 2-dimethyl ethanolamine and N-containing ring compounds such as morpholine, 2′-pyrrolidone and their methyl derivatives.
• water-soluble alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, di- or tri­ethanolamine, N-methylethanol-amine, N-ethylethanolamine, 2-methylethanolamine and 2, 2-dimethyl ethanolamine and N-containing ring compounds such as morpholine, 2′-pyrrolidone and their methyl derivatives.
• soaps can also be employed, such as the sodium and potassium salts of the mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, that is sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soap.
• mixtures of oleate and coconut soaps in a weight ratio of between about 3:1 and 1:1.
• the effective amount of the detergent active compound or compounds used in the composition of the present invention is generally in the range of up to 50%, preferably up to 40% by weight, most preferably not more than 30% by weight of the composition.
• compositions of the invention may include an additional detergency builder to improve the efficiency of the detergent active, in particular to remove calcium hardness ions from the water and to provide alkalinity.
• the builder material may be selected from inorganic precipitating builder materials (such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, orthophosphates and silicates), sequestering builder materials (such as alkali metal pyrophosphates, polyphosphates, amino polyacetates, phytates, polyphosphonates, aminopolymethylene phosphonates and polycarboxylates), ion-exchange builder materials (such as zeolites and amorphous alumino­silicates), or mixtures of any one or more of these materials.
• inorganic precipitating builder materials such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, orthophosphates and silicates
• sequestering builder materials such as alkali metal pyrophosphates, polyphosphates,
• builder materials include sodium tripolyphosphate, mixtures thereof with sodium orthophosphate, sodium carbonate, mixtures thereof with calcite as a seed crystal, sodium citrate, zeolite and the sodium salt of nitrilo- triacetic acid.
• the level of such builder material in the compositions of the invention may be up to 80% by weight, preferably from 20% to 70% by weight and most preferably from 30% to 60% by weight.
• a detergent composition of the invention can contain any of the conventional additives in the amounts in which such additives are normally employed in fabric washing detergent compositions.
• these additives include additional fabric softening agents.
• the fabric softening agent is a mixture of organic precipitating builder and either a cationic fabric softening agent or a fatty amine.
• lather boosters such as alkanolamides, particularly the monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, lather depressants, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as tricloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes including deodorant perfumes, enzymes such as cellulases, proteases and amylases, germicides and colourants.
• lather boosters such as alkanolamides, particularly the monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids
• lather depressants oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as tricloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent
• compositions may be in any convenient form such as bars, powders, pastes or liquids which may be aqueous or non-aqueous and structured or unstructured.
• the detergent compositions may be prepared in any way appropriate to their physical form such as by dry-mixing the components, co-agglomerating them or dispersing them in a liquid carrier.
• a preferred physical form is a granule incorporating a detergency builder material and this is most conveniently manufactured by spray-drying at least part of the composition.
• the cellulose ether derivative may be incorporated either by dry mixing (optionally with other ingredients in a post-dosed adjunct especially in the form of a cellulose ether/organic softening agent adjunct) or by being included with other ingredients in a slurry and spray-drying.
• the detergent compositions may be used in any conventional manner.
• a dosage level of between 1 g/l and about 12 g/l is suitable. Wash temperatures from room temperature (ie about 20°C) to the boil may be used.
• the cellulose ether derivative which was used was Bermocoll CST 035 (ex Berol Kemi) which is an ethyl, hydroxyethyl derivative having a gel point of 35°C and an HLB of 3.40.
• compositions were prepared having the following formulations. The compositions were prepared by dry mixing the stated ingredients.
• Nonionic detergent 1 5 Sodium tripolyphosphate 15
• Organic precipitant builder 15 Sodium alkaline silicate 5 Sodium sulphate 55
• Cellulose ether derivative + water balance Notes 1.
• Dobanol 45-7EO which is a fatty alcohol ethoxylated with an average of 7 ethylene oxide groups per molecule.
• compositions were added to water at a dosage level of 5 g/l.
• the wash liquor so prepared was used to wash a fabric load containing terry towelling and polyester monitors in a laboratory scale apparatus using 25° FH water, a liquor to cloth ratio of about 20:1, a wash time of 15 minutes at 40°C, a 2 minute flood at 50% dilution followed by three 5 minute rinses.
• the fabric load was then line-dried. After drying, the process was repeated.
• the terry towelling monitors were assessed for softness subjectively by expert judges who assess softness by comparison of pairs of monitors leading to preference scores which are then adjusted to give a score of zero for the poorest result. A positive score indicates better softness than the control.
• the identification of the organic precipitant builder, its solubility product, the level of cellulose ether derivative and the results are set out in the following table.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Citations (6)

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• 1988
  • 1988-07-26 GB GB888817726A patent/GB8817726D0/en active Pending
• 1989
  • 1989-07-24 BR BR898903660A patent/BR8903660A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-07-24 EP EP19890307494 patent/EP0360392A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-07-24 AU AU38890/89A patent/AU616545B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1989-07-26 ZA ZA895683A patent/ZA895683B/xx unknown
  • 1989-07-26 JP JP1193783A patent/JPH0280496A/ja active Pending

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