EP0359031A1 - Filtering arrangement for removing soot particles from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Filtering arrangement for removing soot particles from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0359031A1
EP0359031A1 EP89115990A EP89115990A EP0359031A1 EP 0359031 A1 EP0359031 A1 EP 0359031A1 EP 89115990 A EP89115990 A EP 89115990A EP 89115990 A EP89115990 A EP 89115990A EP 0359031 A1 EP0359031 A1 EP 0359031A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
channels
fastening element
power supply
soot particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89115990A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0359031B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Lepperhoff
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Lütkemeyer
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FEV Europe GmbH
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FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0359031A1 publication Critical patent/EP0359031A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F01N2350/02—Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filter arrangement for removing soot particles from exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with at least one filter body formed from a porous filter material by filter channels arranged in a honeycomb arrangement, electrical resistance heating elements being arranged in the region of the inlet openings of the filter channels open on the gas inlet side Supply line and a discharge line are connected to a power supply.
  • Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems are known for reducing particle emissions, particularly in diesel engines. These usually consist of filter systems that retain and collect the particles present in the exhaust gas. The soot particles retained in the filter lead to an increase in the flow resistance in the exhaust system, so that the exhaust gas back pressure of the engine increases. This leads to an increase in fuel consumption and, in extreme cases, to engine shutdown. It is therefore necessary to remove the particles that have accumulated in the filter, for example by oxidation at high temperatures.
  • honeycomb filters made of a porous ceramic material have proven to be useful as filter bodies for the retention of the soot particles. These honeycomb filters are formed by a large number of parallel filter channels, which are alternately closed on the gas inlet side and gas outlet side, so that the exhaust gases flow through the porous filter walls and the soot particles separate on the walls of the filter channels. The filter can be regenerated by burning off the collected particles.
  • the temperatures required to ignite the soot particles in the exhaust gas are often not reached frequently enough by diesel engines, so that regeneration is not ensured. Forced regeneration can be achieved by adding additional energy.
  • a particularly energy-efficient regeneration can be achieved if the soot layer deposited on the filter body is ignited point by point in the inlet area of the filter channels by a brief supply of energy. The energy release during the soot combustion that then begins leads to self-supporting soot combustion in the filter body.
  • the soot layer can be ignited by loop-shaped resistance wires inserted into the opening of the filter channels.
  • a loop of the heating conductor must be inserted into as many filter channels of the honeycomb filter as possible for the regeneration to be as complete as possible.
  • the number of filter channels that can be provided with loops of a heating conductor is limited by the electrical resistance of the heating conductor.
  • the heating conductor length is approximately 15 to 25 cm, from which 10 to 15 loops can be bent.
  • Ceramic honeycomb filters have around 1000 channels that need to be heated. A large number of individual heating wires bent into loops must therefore be used and connected in parallel for the filter to be heated as completely as possible.
  • a high heating output is required, which cannot be applied by the vehicle's electrical system. The heating power can therefore only be applied by sequential regeneration of individual sections of the filter, as is the case e.g. is known from US-PS 4,427,418.
  • the loop-shaped heating conductors In order to be able to carry out sequential regeneration, the loop-shaped heating conductors have to be connected to small groups.
  • the individual groups are electrically separated from one another in this way to the supply chip connected to the vehicle so that they can be switched on independently.
  • the distance between the individual connections, which must be electrically insulated from each other, is very narrow due to the small channel cross sections of approx. 2 x 2 mm. A mutual touch of the individual connections would lead to a short circuit during operation of the vehicle or to simultaneous switching on of several areas with high power consumption for the vehicle electrical system.
  • individual loops When the wires migrate out, individual loops can also be bridged. As a result, the electrical resistance of the heating conductor then drops, as a result of which the heating conductor temperature rises and the wire can burn out.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a regeneration arrangement for diesel particulate filter of the type mentioned, in which a secure fixation of the connections of the heating conductors and the heating loops in the honeycomb body is ensured and faulty contacts, in particular short circuits, are avoided.
  • the mounting of the heating wires in the filter is particularly problematic at the ends of the heating conductors.
  • several heating wires must also be electrically connected to one another, and a possibility must be created to supply the electrical energy required for heating from the outside on a sufficiently large cross section.
  • a filter arrangement of the type described in the introduction that a plurality of resistance heating elements and / or their connections are connected to a fastening element which is connected to the power supply and arranged in three-dimensionally displaceable fashion in its position while maintaining a maximum distance of 30 mm from the filter surface is.
  • the fastening element is preferably on a bolt arranged essentially parallel to the direction of the channels of the filter attached, which can be moved parallel to the surface of the filter by a threaded piece with an eccentric bore opposite a cover plate.
  • the height of the fastening element above the surface of the filter can be changed by a screw thread.
  • the threaded piece has an external thread with a small pitch, which cooperates with an internal thread of the cover plate.
  • heating wires 1 are inserted into the openings of the channels of a filter body 2 in the form of a loop in such a way that they are each held securely in their position even in vehicle operation.
  • the filter body 2 is installed with an insulating mat 3 in a housing 4 and supported with a bracket 14.
  • a plurality of heating wires 1 are connected at their ends to an approximately semicircular, relatively small, electrically conductive plate 10 in the present case, for example by soldering or welding. It is particularly important that the plate 10 is as close as possible to the surface of the filter body 2 is arranged securely, at most about 30 mm. This measure ensures that the heating wires or their connection ends cannot deform during current passage and corresponding heating in such a way that the stability of the arrangement is endangered and faulty contacts can occur.
  • a bolt e.g. a screw 5
  • the screw 5 is surrounded by a tube 9 made of electrically non-conductive material, preferably ceramic.
  • the screw 5 can be changed in position parallel to the surface of the filter body 2 by means of a threaded piece 11 with an eccentric bore relative to a cover plate 13.
  • the height of the plate 10 above the surface of the filter body 2 can be changed by a screw thread.
  • the threaded piece 11 has an external thread with a small pitch, which cooperates with an internal thread of the cover plate 13. This has the advantageous effect that the fastening plate 10 for the heating wires 1 can be adjusted three-dimensionally in a very precise and reliable manner and can be held in the intended position.
  • the threaded piece 11 screwed into the cover plate 13 is provided with an eccentric bore in the longitudinal axis.
  • the external thread of the threaded piece 11 has a very small pitch, so that a wide range of possible passage points can be covered by half a turn to the right or left, without any significant height adjustment taking place. A height adjustment can be achieved by several turns. After adjustment, the threaded piece 11 is secured by a lock nut 12.
  • the screw 5 with the insulating tube 9 is guided through the threaded piece 11 to the outside.
  • a further insulating tube 8 is then inserted over the screw 5.
  • the screw 5, the nut 6, the cable lug 7, the insulating tubes 8 and 9, the plate 10 and the threaded piece 11 are clamped together using a commercially available cable lug 7 and a nut 6.
  • the heating wires are supplied with power via cable lug 7, screw 5 and fastening plate 10. The free ends of the heating wires are connected to the ground.
  • the meandering heating wires with their holders or connections are reliably prevented from migrating out of their intended location Prevented location and thereby eliminates the risk of incorrect contacts with their adverse consequences.
  • the three-dimensional adjustability of the mounting plate 10 with simultaneous insulation of the bolt 5 enables a reliable compensation of manufacturing tolerances.

Abstract

Eine Filteranordnung zum Entfernen von Rußpartikeln aus Abgasen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Dieselmotors, mit wenigstens einem durch wabenförmig zueinander angeordnete Filterkanäle gebildeten Filterkörper aus einem porösen Filtermaterial, wobei im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnungen der gaseintrittsseitig offenen Filterkanäle elektrische Widerstandsheizelemente angeordnet sind, die über eine Zuleitung und eine Ableitung mit einer Stromversorgung verbunden sind, soll derart verbessert werden, daß eine sichere Fixierung der Heizleiter und ihrer Anschlüsse gewährleistet ist und Fehlkontakte, insbesondere Kurzschlüsse, vermieden werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist vorgesehen, daß mehrere Widerstandsheizelemente (1) und/oder ihre Verbindungen mit einem Befestigungselement (10) verbunden sind, welches an die Stromzuführung angeschlossen und in seiner Position unter Einhaltung eines maximalen Abstandes von 30 mm von der Filteroberfläche dreidimensional ortsveränderbar angeordnet ist.A filter arrangement for removing soot particles from exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with at least one filter body made of a porous filter material formed by honeycomb-arranged filter channels, wherein electrical resistance heating elements are arranged in the area of the inlet openings of the filter channels open on the gas inlet side, which are connected via a supply line and a Derivation connected to a power supply should be improved in such a way that a secure fixation of the heating conductors and their connections is ensured and faulty contacts, in particular short circuits, are avoided. For this purpose, it is provided that a plurality of resistance heating elements (1) and / or their connections are connected to a fastening element (10) which is connected to the power supply and is arranged in three-dimensionally displaceable fashion while maintaining a maximum distance of 30 mm from the filter surface .

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Filteranordnung zum Entfernen von Rußpartikeln aus Abgasen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbe­sondere eines Dieselmotors, mit wenigstens einem durch waben­förmig zueinander angeordnete Filterkanäle gebildeten Filter­körper aus einem porösen Filtermaterial, wobei im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnungen der gaseintrittsseitig offenen Filterkanäle elektrische Widerstandsheizelemente angeordnet sind, die über eine Zuleitung und eine Ableitung mit einer Stromversorgung ver­bunden sind.The invention relates to a filter arrangement for removing soot particles from exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with at least one filter body formed from a porous filter material by filter channels arranged in a honeycomb arrangement, electrical resistance heating elements being arranged in the region of the inlet openings of the filter channels open on the gas inlet side Supply line and a discharge line are connected to a power supply.

Zur Verminderung der Partikelemission insbesondere bei Diesel­motoren sind Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme bekannt. Diese bestehen in der Regel aus Filtersystemen, die die im Abgas vorhandenen Partikel zurückhalten und sammeln. Die im Filter zurückgehaltenen Rußpartikel führen zu einer Erhöhung des Strömungswiderstandes im Abgassystem, so daß der Abgasgegendruck des Motors ansteigt. Dies führt zu einer Erhöhung des Brennstoffverbrauchs und im Extrem­fall zum Motorstillstand. Deshalb ist es notwendig, die im Filter angesammelten Partikel zu beseitigen, beispielsweise durch Oxida­tion bei hohen Temperaturen.Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems are known for reducing particle emissions, particularly in diesel engines. These usually consist of filter systems that retain and collect the particles present in the exhaust gas. The soot particles retained in the filter lead to an increase in the flow resistance in the exhaust system, so that the exhaust gas back pressure of the engine increases. This leads to an increase in fuel consumption and, in extreme cases, to engine shutdown. It is therefore necessary to remove the particles that have accumulated in the filter, for example by oxidation at high temperatures.

Als Filterkörper für den Rückhalt der Rußpartikel haben sich Wabenfilter aus einem porösen keramischen Material als zweckmäßig erwiesen. Diese Wabenfilter werden durch eine Vielzahl paralleler Filterkanäle gebildet, die wechselweise gaseintrittsseitig und gasaustrittsseitig verschlossen sind, so daß die Abgase durch die porösen Filterwände strömen und sich hierbei die Rußpartikel auf den Wandungen der Filterkanäle abscheiden. Eine Regeneration des Filters ist durch Abbrennen der gesammelten Partikel möglich.Honeycomb filters made of a porous ceramic material have proven to be useful as filter bodies for the retention of the soot particles. These honeycomb filters are formed by a large number of parallel filter channels, which are alternately closed on the gas inlet side and gas outlet side, so that the exhaust gases flow through the porous filter walls and the soot particles separate on the walls of the filter channels. The filter can be regenerated by burning off the collected particles.

Die zur Entzündung der Rußpartikel im Abgas notwendigen Tempe­raturen werden von Dieselmotoren oft nicht ausreichend häufig er­reicht, so daß eine Regeneration nicht sichergestellt ist. Eine zwangsweise Regeneration kann durch Zufuhr von Zusatzenergie erreicht werden. Eine besonders energiegünstige Regeneration kann erreicht werden, wenn die am Filterkörper abgelagerte Rußschicht im Eintrittsbereich der Filterkanäle durch eine kurzzeitige Energiezufuhr punktweise entzündet wird. Die Energiefreisetzung bei der dann einsetzenden Rußverbrennung führt zu einem selbst­tragenden Rußabbrand im Filterkörper. Die Entzündung der Ruß­schicht kann durch in die Öffnung der Filterkanäle eingesetzte schlaufenförmige Widerstandsdrähte erfolgen. Für eine möglichst vollständige Regeneration muß in möglichst viele Filterkanäle des Wabenfilters eine Schlaufe des Heizleiters eingesetzt werden. Die Anzahl der Filterkanäle, die so mit Schlaufen eines Heizleiters versehen werden kann, ist durch den elektrischen Widerstand des Heizleiters beschränkt.The temperatures required to ignite the soot particles in the exhaust gas are often not reached frequently enough by diesel engines, so that regeneration is not ensured. Forced regeneration can be achieved by adding additional energy. A particularly energy-efficient regeneration can be achieved if the soot layer deposited on the filter body is ignited point by point in the inlet area of the filter channels by a brief supply of energy. The energy release during the soot combustion that then begins leads to self-supporting soot combustion in the filter body. The soot layer can be ignited by loop-shaped resistance wires inserted into the opening of the filter channels. A loop of the heating conductor must be inserted into as many filter channels of the honeycomb filter as possible for the regeneration to be as complete as possible. The number of filter channels that can be provided with loops of a heating conductor is limited by the electrical resistance of the heating conductor.

Bei einer bei Kraftfahrzeugen üblichen Versorgungsspannung von 12 V beträgt die Heizleiterlänge etwa 15 bis 25 cm, aus der 10 bis 15 Schlaufen gebogen werden können. Keramische Wabenfilter besitzen etwa 1000 Kanäle, die zu beheizen sind. Es muß für eine möglichst vollständige Beheizung des Filters daher eine große Anzahl einzelner zu Schlaufen gebogener Heizdrähte parallel eingesetzt und angeschlossen werden. Zur gleichzeitigen Regeneration des gesamten Filters ist eine hohe Heizleistung er­forderlich, die nicht von dem elektrischen Bordsystem des Fahr­zeugs aufgebracht werden kann. Die Heizleistung kann daher nur durch sequentielle Regeneration einzelner Teilbereiche des Filters aufgebracht werden, wie dies z.B. aus US-PS 4,427,418 be­kannt ist.With a supply voltage of 12 V common in motor vehicles, the heating conductor length is approximately 15 to 25 cm, from which 10 to 15 loops can be bent. Ceramic honeycomb filters have around 1000 channels that need to be heated. A large number of individual heating wires bent into loops must therefore be used and connected in parallel for the filter to be heated as completely as possible. For the simultaneous regeneration of the entire filter, a high heating output is required, which cannot be applied by the vehicle's electrical system. The heating power can therefore only be applied by sequential regeneration of individual sections of the filter, as is the case e.g. is known from US-PS 4,427,418.

Die schlaufenförmig gebogenen Heizleiter müssen, um eine sequentielle Regeneration durchführen zu können, zu kleinen Gruppen zusammengeschaltet werden. Die einzelnen Gruppen sind elektrisch voneinander getrennt derart an die Versorgungsspan­ nung des Fahrzeugs angeschlossen, daß sie unabhangig voneinander eingeschaltet werden können. Der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Anschlüssen, die elektrisch voneinander isoliert sein müssen, ist infolge der geringen Kanalquerschnitte von ca. 2 x 2 mm sehr eng. Ein gegenseitiges Berühren der einzelnen Anschlüsse würde beim Betrieb des Fahrzeugs zu einem Kurzschluß oder zu einem gleich­zeitigen Einschalten mehrerer Bereiche mit für das Bordnetz des Fahrzeugs zu hohem Stromverbrauch führen. Bei einem Auswandern der Drähte kann es auch zu einer Überbrückung einzelner Schlaufen kommen. Als Folge sinkt dann der elektrische Widerstand des Heiz­leiters, wodurch die Heizleitertemperatur ansteigt und ein Durch­brennen des Drahtes eintreten kann.In order to be able to carry out sequential regeneration, the loop-shaped heating conductors have to be connected to small groups. The individual groups are electrically separated from one another in this way to the supply chip connected to the vehicle so that they can be switched on independently. The distance between the individual connections, which must be electrically insulated from each other, is very narrow due to the small channel cross sections of approx. 2 x 2 mm. A mutual touch of the individual connections would lead to a short circuit during operation of the vehicle or to simultaneous switching on of several areas with high power consumption for the vehicle electrical system. When the wires migrate out, individual loops can also be bridged. As a result, the electrical resistance of the heating conductor then drops, as a result of which the heating conductor temperature rises and the wire can burn out.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Regenerations­anordnung für Dieselpartikelfilter der eingangs bezeichneten Art zu schaffen, bei der eine sichere Fixierung der Anschlüsse der Heizleiter und der Heizschlaufen im Wabenkörper gewährleistet ist und Fehlkontakte, insbesondere Kurzschlüsse, vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to provide a regeneration arrangement for diesel particulate filter of the type mentioned, in which a secure fixation of the connections of the heating conductors and the heating loops in the honeycomb body is ensured and faulty contacts, in particular short circuits, are avoided.

Vor allem an den Enden der Heizleiter ist die Halterung der Heiz­drähte im Filter problematisch. Hier müssen, wie erwähnt, außer­dem mehrere Heizdrähte elektrisch miteinander verbunden werden, und es muß eine Möglichkeit geschaffen werden, die zur Beheizung notwendige elektrische Energie auf einem ausreichend großen Quer­schnitt von außen zuzuführen.The mounting of the heating wires in the filter is particularly problematic at the ends of the heating conductors. Here, as mentioned, several heating wires must also be electrically connected to one another, and a possibility must be created to supply the electrical energy required for heating from the outside on a sufficiently large cross section.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist bei einer Filteranordnung der eingangs bezeichneten Art vorgesehen, daß mehrere Widerstandsheizelemente und/oder ihre Verbindungen mit einem Befestigungselement ver­bunden sind, welches an die Stromzuführung angeschlossen und in seiner Position unter Einhaltung eines maximalen Abstandes von 30 mm von der Filteroberfläche dreidimensional ortsveränderbar an­geordnet ist.According to the invention, it is provided in a filter arrangement of the type described in the introduction that a plurality of resistance heating elements and / or their connections are connected to a fastening element which is connected to the power supply and arranged in three-dimensionally displaceable fashion in its position while maintaining a maximum distance of 30 mm from the filter surface is.

Vorzugsweise ist das Befestigungselement an einem im wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung der Kanäle des Filters angeordneten Bolzen angebracht, welcher durch ein Gewindestück mit exzentrischer Bohrung gegenüber einer Deckplatte parallel zur Oberfläche des Filters ortsveränderbar ist.The fastening element is preferably on a bolt arranged essentially parallel to the direction of the channels of the filter attached, which can be moved parallel to the surface of the filter by a threaded piece with an eccentric bore opposite a cover plate.

Dabei kann es vorteilhaft sein, daß die Höhe des Befestigungs­elements über der Oberfläche des Filters durch ein Schraubgewinde veränderbar ist.It can be advantageous that the height of the fastening element above the surface of the filter can be changed by a screw thread.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß das Gewindestück ein Außengewinde geringer Steigung besitzt, das mit einem Innengewinde der Deckplatte zusammenwirkt.According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the threaded piece has an external thread with a small pitch, which cooperates with an internal thread of the cover plate.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Filteranordnung gemäß der Erfindung, teilweise geschnitten,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-A der Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie B-B der Fig. 1.
Show it
  • 1 is a side view of a filter arrangement according to the invention, partly in section,
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line AA of Fig. 1 and
  • 3 shows a section along the line BB of FIG. 1st

Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 3 hervorgeht, sind Heizdrähte 1 in die Öffnungen der Kanäle eines Filterkörpers 2 schlaufenförmig derart eingesetzt, daß sie auch im Fahrzeugbetrieb jeweils sicher in ihrer Lage gehalten sind. Der Filterkörper 2 ist mit einer Isoliermatte 3 in ein Gehäuse 4 eingebaut und mit einem Halte­winkel 14 abgestützt.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, heating wires 1 are inserted into the openings of the channels of a filter body 2 in the form of a loop in such a way that they are each held securely in their position even in vehicle operation. The filter body 2 is installed with an insulating mat 3 in a housing 4 and supported with a bracket 14.

Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, sind mehrere Heizdrähte 1 mit ihren Enden an eine im vorliegenden Fall etwa halbkreisförmige, verhältnismäßig kleine, elektrisch leitfähige Platte 10 angeschlossen, z.B. durch Löten oder Schweißen. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei, daß die Platte 10 mit möglichst geringem Abstand gegenüber der Oberfläche des Filterkörpers 2 sicher angeordnet ist, und zwar höchstens etwa 30 mm. Durch diese Maßnahme ist erreicht, daß die Heizdrähte bzw. ihre Anschlußenden sich bei Stromdurchgang und entsprechender Erwärmung nicht derart verformen können, daß die Stabilität der Anordnung gefährdet ist und Fehlkontakte auftreten können.As FIG. 3 shows, a plurality of heating wires 1 are connected at their ends to an approximately semicircular, relatively small, electrically conductive plate 10 in the present case, for example by soldering or welding. It is particularly important that the plate 10 is as close as possible to the surface of the filter body 2 is arranged securely, at most about 30 mm. This measure ensures that the heating wires or their connection ends cannot deform during current passage and corresponding heating in such a way that the stability of the arrangement is endangered and faulty contacts can occur.

Ein Bolzen, beispielsweise eine Schraube 5, befindet sich inner­halb einer entsprechenden Aussparung der Platte 10, und er ist in geeigneter Weise mit der Platte 10 verbunden, z.B. durch Fest­schweißen. Die Schraube 5 ist umgeben von einem Rohr 9 aus elek­trisch nicht leitendem Material, vorzugsweise Keramik.A bolt, e.g. a screw 5, is located within a corresponding recess of the plate 10 and is suitably connected to the plate 10, e.g. by welding. The screw 5 is surrounded by a tube 9 made of electrically non-conductive material, preferably ceramic.

Bei Filteranordnungen mit Wabenstruktur treten Schwierigkeiten dadurch auf, daß ein Filterkörper in seinen geometrischen Abmes­sungen nie völlig regelmäßig beschaffen ist. Hinzu kommt, daß es in der Praxis kaum gelingen wird, den Filterkörper relativ zur Gehäusewand stets an exakt gleicher Stelle anzuordnen. Toleranzen dieser Art sind aus den beschriebenen Gründen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Tatsache, daß die Abmessungen der Filterkanäle 2 x 2 mm betragen, äußerst kritisch. Schließlich wird es auch im Fertigungsvorgang nicht immer möglich sein, die Platte 10 in genau gleichem Abstand von der Filteroberfläche anzubringen.Difficulties arise in filter arrangements with a honeycomb structure in that a filter body is never completely regular in its geometric dimensions. In addition, it will hardly be possible in practice to always arrange the filter body at exactly the same location relative to the housing wall. Tolerances of this type are extremely critical for the reasons described, in particular with regard to the fact that the dimensions of the filter channels are 2 x 2 mm. Finally, even in the manufacturing process, it will not always be possible to mount the plate 10 at exactly the same distance from the filter surface.

Um Schwierigkeiten dieser Art zu beheben, ist vorgesehen, daß die Schraube 5 durch ein Gewindestück 11 mit exzentrischer Bohrung gegenüber einer Deckplatte 13 parallel zur Oberfläche des Filter­körpers 2 ortsveränderbar ist. Dabei kann die Höhe der Platte 10 über der Oberfläche des Filterkörpers 2 durch ein Schraubgewinde veränderbar sein. Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Gewindestück 11 ein Außengewinde geringer Steigung besitzt, das mit einem Innengewinde der Deckplatte 13 zusammenwirkt. Hierdurch ist in vorteilhafter Weise erreicht, daß die Befestigungsplatte 10 für die Heizdrähte 1 in sehr genauer und zuverlässiger Weise dreidi­mensional verstellt und in der vorgesehenen Stellung gehalten werden kann.To overcome difficulties of this type, it is provided that the screw 5 can be changed in position parallel to the surface of the filter body 2 by means of a threaded piece 11 with an eccentric bore relative to a cover plate 13. The height of the plate 10 above the surface of the filter body 2 can be changed by a screw thread. It is also advantageous if the threaded piece 11 has an external thread with a small pitch, which cooperates with an internal thread of the cover plate 13. This has the advantageous effect that the fastening plate 10 for the heating wires 1 can be adjusted three-dimensionally in a very precise and reliable manner and can be held in the intended position.

Wie Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, ist das in die Deckplatte 13 einge­schraubte Gewindestück 11 mit einer exzentrischen Bohrung in Längsachse versehen. Das Außengewinde des Gewindestücks 11 hat eine sehr kleine Steigung, so daß durch eine halbe Umdrehung nach rechts oder links ein weiter Bereich von möglichen Durchführungs­stellen abgedeckt werden kann, ohne daß eine nennenswerte Höhen­verstellung erfolgt. Durch mehrere Umdrehungen hingegen kann eine Höhenverstellung erreicht werden. Nach erfolgter Einstellung wird das Gewindestück 11 durch eine Kontermutter 12 gesichert.1 and 2 show, the threaded piece 11 screwed into the cover plate 13 is provided with an eccentric bore in the longitudinal axis. The external thread of the threaded piece 11 has a very small pitch, so that a wide range of possible passage points can be covered by half a turn to the right or left, without any significant height adjustment taking place. A height adjustment can be achieved by several turns. After adjustment, the threaded piece 11 is secured by a lock nut 12.

Die Schraube 5 mit dem Isolierrohr 9 wird durch das Gewindestück 11 nach außen geführt. Über die Schraube 5 wird dann ein weiteres Isolierrohr 8 gesteckt. Mit einem handelsüblichen Kabelschuh 7 und einer Mutter 6 werden die Schraube 5, die Mutter 6, der Kabelschuh 7, die Isolierrohre 8 und 9, die Platte 10 sowie das Gewindestück 11 miteinander verspannt. Die Stromversorgung der Heizdrähte erfolgt über Kabelschuh 7, Schraube 5 und Befesti­gungsplatte 10. Die freien Enden der Heizdrähte sind mit der Masse verbunden.The screw 5 with the insulating tube 9 is guided through the threaded piece 11 to the outside. A further insulating tube 8 is then inserted over the screw 5. The screw 5, the nut 6, the cable lug 7, the insulating tubes 8 and 9, the plate 10 and the threaded piece 11 are clamped together using a commercially available cable lug 7 and a nut 6. The heating wires are supplied with power via cable lug 7, screw 5 and fastening plate 10. The free ends of the heating wires are connected to the ground.

Durch die Zusammenfassung der Heizdrähte 1 in der Befestigungs­platte 10 und den engen Abstand der Befestigungsplatte von weniger als oder gleich 30 mm von den Heizdrähten in der Ober­fläche des Filterkörpers 2 werden die mäanderförmig angeordneten Heizdrähte mit ihren Halterungen bzw. Anschlüssen zuverlässig an einem Herauswandern aus ihrer vorgesehenen Lage gehindert und dadurch die Gefahr von Fehlkontakten mit ihren nachteiligen Folgen behoben. Die dreidimensionale Einstellbarkeit der Befesti­gungsplatte 10 bei gleichzeitiger Isolation des Bolzens 5 ermög­licht einen zuverlässigen Ausgleich von Fertigungstoleranzen.By merging the heating wires 1 in the mounting plate 10 and the narrow distance of the mounting plate of less than or equal to 30 mm from the heating wires in the surface of the filter body 2, the meandering heating wires with their holders or connections are reliably prevented from migrating out of their intended location Prevented location and thereby eliminates the risk of incorrect contacts with their adverse consequences. The three-dimensional adjustability of the mounting plate 10 with simultaneous insulation of the bolt 5 enables a reliable compensation of manufacturing tolerances.

Es versteht sich von selbst, daß die Erfindung nicht auf die dargestellte und beschriebene konstruktive Ausführungsform beschränkt ist und daß die Bezugsziffern nur der Erläuterung, aber nicht der Beschränkung dienen. Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, an Stelle der Befestigungsplatte 10 ein Befestigungs­ element anderer Art einzusetzen, z. B. in Form eines Stabes, eines Rohres oder in sonstiger geeigneter Form.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the illustrated and described constructional embodiment and that the reference numerals serve only for the purpose of explanation but not for limitation. In particular, it is also possible to use a fastening in place of the fastening plate 10 use element of a different kind, e.g. B. in the form of a rod, a tube or in any other suitable form.

Claims (4)

1. Filteranordnung zum Entfernen von Rußpartikeln aus Abgasen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Dieselmotors, mit wenigstens einem durch wabenförmig zueinander angeordnete Filterkanäle gebildeten Filterkörper aus einem porösen Filter­material, wobei im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnungen der gasein­trittsseitig offenen Filterkanäle elektrische Widerstandsheizele­mente angeordnet sind, die über eine Zuleitung und eine Ableitung mit einer Stromversorgung verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß mehrere Widerstandsheizelemente (1) und/oder ihre Ver­bindungen mit einem Befestigungselement (10) verbunden sind, welches an die Stromzuführung angeschlossen und in seiner Position unter Einhaltung eines maximalen Abstandes von 30 mm von der Filteroberfläche dreidimensional ortsveränderbar angeordnet ist.1.Filter arrangement for removing soot particles from exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with at least one filter body formed by honeycomb-arranged filter channels made of a porous filter material, electrical resistance heating elements being arranged in the region of the inlet openings of the filter channels open on the gas inlet side, via a feed line and a discharge line is connected to a power supply, characterized in that several resistance heating elements (1) and / or their connections are connected to a fastening element (10) which is connected to the power supply and in its position while maintaining a maximum distance of 30 mm from the Filter surface is arranged three-dimensionally changeable. 2. Filteranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungselement (10) an einem im wesentlichen parallel zur Richtung der Kanäle des Filterkörpers (2) angeordneten Bolzen (5) angebracht ist, welcher durch ein Gewindestück (11) mit exzen­trischer Bohrung gegenüber einer Deckplatte (13) parallel zur Oberfläche des Filterkörpers (2) ortsveränderbar ist.2. Filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening element (10) on a substantially parallel to the direction of the channels of the filter body (2) arranged bolt (5) is attached, which by a threaded piece (11) with an eccentric bore relative to one Cover plate (13) can be moved in parallel to the surface of the filter body (2). 3. Filteranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe des Befestigungelements (10) über der Oberfläche des Fil­terkörpers (2) durch ein Schraubgewinde veränderbar ist.3. Filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the fastening element (10) above the surface of the filter body (2) is variable by a screw thread. 4. Filteranordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß das Gewindestück (11) ein Außengewinde geringer Steigung besitzt, das mit einem Innengewinde der Deckplatte (13) zusammenwirkt.4. Filter arrangement according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the threaded piece (11) has an external thread of low pitch, which cooperates with an internal thread of the cover plate (13).
EP89115990A 1988-09-12 1989-08-30 Filtering arrangement for removing soot particles from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0359031B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3830977 1988-09-12
DE3830977A DE3830977A1 (en) 1988-09-12 1988-09-12 FILTER ARRANGEMENT FOR REMOVING SOOT PARTICLES FROM EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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EP0359031A1 true EP0359031A1 (en) 1990-03-21
EP0359031B1 EP0359031B1 (en) 1992-09-30

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AT501888B1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2006-12-15 Fleck Carl M Dr WAVE FILTER WITH PLANAR ELECTRODES

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US5228891A (en) * 1992-01-07 1993-07-20 Pall Corporation Regenerable diesel exhaust filter
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4948403A (en) 1990-08-14
EP0359031B1 (en) 1992-09-30
DE3830977A1 (en) 1990-03-15
DE58902370D1 (en) 1992-11-05

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