EP0356708B1 - Textile substrate for seat upholsteries - Google Patents

Textile substrate for seat upholsteries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0356708B1
EP0356708B1 EP89113819A EP89113819A EP0356708B1 EP 0356708 B1 EP0356708 B1 EP 0356708B1 EP 89113819 A EP89113819 A EP 89113819A EP 89113819 A EP89113819 A EP 89113819A EP 0356708 B1 EP0356708 B1 EP 0356708B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
substrate
fact
synthetic
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89113819A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0356708A1 (en
Inventor
Albin Kälin
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Jacob Rohner AG
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Rohner Textil AG
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/10—Loose or removable furniture covers
    • A47C31/11—Loose or removable furniture covers for chairs
    • A47C31/116—Loose or removable furniture covers for chairs permeable to liquid or air in a special way
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/233—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads protein-based, e.g. wool or silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/08—Ramie
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
    • D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
    • D10B2211/02—Wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/313—Strand material formed of individual filaments having different chemical compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y10T442/326—Including synthetic polymeric strand material
    • Y10T442/3268—Including natural strand material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a textile substrate according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Seat devices are understood to mean all types of seats, i.e. Upholstered furniture, upholstered chairs, automobile seats, office chairs and seats in other vehicles such as airplanes and trains, but also wheelchairs for disabled and disabled people.
  • the seat comfort imparted by the covers is of additional importance where the seat device is used for a long time without the user being able to rise from it.
  • a situation exists, for example, for an invalid wheelchair user who is tied to his seat and can only leave it with outside help.
  • Such clothing consists of a layered material in which two or three layers are used.
  • One of these layers is a thin membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which contains microscopic pores. The small pores of this water-repellent membrane do not let water through.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Textile substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 are known (BE-A-639 856) which consist of 25 to 45% synthetic fibers such as polyester and 75 to 55% wool or cotton or (FR-A-2 109 466 ) are made up of approx. 85% wool and approx. 15% synthetic fibers.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a textile substrate of the type described in the introduction in such a way that the thermal resistance is low without the absorbency and the abrasion resistance being impaired.
  • a textile substrate that can be used as a cover for seat devices on the seat part and on the backrest part is required to be extremely sturdy, since such materials must have a long service life in the above-mentioned applications. This applies especially to means of transport such as airplanes and trains. It is known that fabrics that are woven with plastic yarns have a high durability. Although through a plastic yarn quickly passes on the moisture generated on the body, but such a yarn cannot absorb and store moisture. This means that the presence of even small amounts of moisture creates the impression that the fabric is damp. This is perceived by the seat user as uncomfortable and therefore rated as poor seating comfort.
  • wool has a high moisture absorption capacity. This means that a wool cover offers a pleasant seating comfort as long as the absorption capacity is reached. On the other hand, wool is a very poor conductor of moisture; If a woolen yarn is used for a long time, a significant decrease in seating comfort must be expected as soon as the absorption capacity for moisture is exhausted.
  • Ramie is a bast fiber and is one of the oldest fibers used in the manufacture of textiles.
  • Ramie and a similar plant known as Chinese grass thrive particularly in tropical and subtropical climates.
  • the perennial ramie plant reaches a height of 120-250 cm in a suitable climate, and up to five harvests can be obtained annually.
  • the Ramie fiber cleaned by decorting and degumming consists largely of cellulose. It therefore behaves similarly to cotton, but is smoother, shinier and stiffer.
  • cover fabrics for seating devices could now be created, which resulted in significantly increased seating comfort.
  • Upholstery fabrics with a composition are preferably suitable for increasing seating comfort in seating devices: Wool 50-70% Ramie 10-20% Polyester 15-35%
  • polyester fiber instead of the polyester fiber, other fibers made of polypropylene, polyacrylic, aramid and polyamide can also be used.
  • Metal fibers can also be added to the mixed yarn, which gives the yarn antistatic properties. The share can reach 1-5%.
  • the substrate can be designed as a fabric, but also as a weft bar or as a Malimo.
  • the mixed yarn can be used both as a weft thread and as a warp thread.
  • the warp can be a synthetic yarn.
  • the mixed yarn is used as a warp thread, the weft thread consists of its synthetic yarn.
  • synthetic fibers of the above-mentioned type are added to the mixed yarn, so that the above-mentioned percentages are achieved.
  • Upholstery fabrics are extremely comfortable when both weft and warp are made from the blended yarn. Because of the high tensile strength of the ramie and polyester fibers, the abrasion resistance of such a material is comparable to that of synthetic material alone. Upholstery fabrics, in which the weft and / or the warp are made from the mixed yarn described, can also be provided with flame-retardant equipment without reducing the comfort, i.e. the moisture transport through the tissue is influenced.
  • the weave has only a minor influence on the moisture transport. It is advisable to use yarns with the thread numbers Nm 10 / 2-40 / 2 for the mixed yarn.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

To manufacture seat upholstery there is used a substrate which has a higher proportion of natural fibres than synthetic fibres. The blend yarn produced therefrom has natural fibres composed of wool fibres and ramie fibres. The weight proportion in the substrate of synthetic fibres, preferably polyester fibres, is 15-30%. A seat upholstery fabric manufactured from such a substrate offers high seat comfort, since the moisture transport through the fabric attains approximately the same rate as through a purely synthetic cover fabric.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein textiles Substrat gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a textile substrate according to the preamble of claim 1.

An Stoffüberzüge, die für den Bezug von Sitzeinrichtungen verwendet werden, werden besondere Anforderungen gestellt. Unter Sitzeinrichtungen werden alle Arten von Sitzen verstanden, d.h. Polstermöbel, bezogene Stühle, Automobilsitze, Bürostühle und Sitze in andern Fahrzeugen wie Flugzeuge und Eisenbahnen, aber auch Rollstühle für gehbehinderte und invalide Personen.There are special requirements for fabric covers that are used to cover seat furnishings. Seat devices are understood to mean all types of seats, i.e. Upholstered furniture, upholstered chairs, automobile seats, office chairs and seats in other vehicles such as airplanes and trains, but also wheelchairs for disabled and disabled people.

Die an diese Stoffe zu stellenden Anforderungen sind sehr mannigfaltig, die teilweise auch entgegengesetzte Tendenz aufweisen, d.h. eine Verbesserung einer Eigenschaft führt zu einer Verminderung einer andern gewünschten Eigenschaft.The requirements to be placed on these substances are very varied, some of which also have opposite tendencies, i.e. an improvement in one property leads to a decrease in another desired property.

Im Besonderen ist der durch die Bezüge vermittelbare Sitzkomfort dort von zusätzlicher Bedeutung, wo die Sitzeinrichtung während längerer Zeit benützt wird, ohne dass der Benützer sich von diesem erheben kann. Eine solche Situation besteht beispielsweise für einen invaliden Rollstuhlfahrer, der an seinen Sitz gefesselt ist und ihn nur mit fremder Hilfe verlassen kann. Eine ähnliche Situation besteht aber auch für den Führer eines Kraftfahrzeuges, wenn er gezwungen ist, eine grössere Strecke zurückzulegen, ohne dass er die Fahrt unterbrechen kann. Aehnliche Verhältnisse können auch für Passagiere oder Reisende in Flugzeugen und in der Eisenbahn eintreten, die zu einem längeren Stillsitzen zwingen.In particular, the seat comfort imparted by the covers is of additional importance where the seat device is used for a long time without the user being able to rise from it. Such a situation exists, for example, for an invalid wheelchair user who is tied to his seat and can only leave it with outside help. A similar situation but also exists for the driver of a motor vehicle if he is forced to cover a longer distance without being able to interrupt the journey. Similar conditions can also occur for passengers or travelers on planes and in the railroad, which force them to sit still for a longer period of time.

Auch während des Sitzens entwickelt der menschliche Körper Wärme, welche an die Umgebung abgegeben wird. Der Betrag an abzugebender Wärme ist vom Wärmewiderstand der Umgebung abhängig. Ist dieser zu hoch, kann der Körper seinen Wärmeausgleich nicht aufrecht erhalten, so dass die Transpiration angeregt wird, die für die Kühlung des Körpers sorgt. Ist diese Transpiration klein, ist sie kaum spürbar, so dass für die betreffende Person kein Unbehagen entsteht. Ist jedoch die Transpiration so gross, dass Flüssigkeit bei der Transpiration entsteht, fühlt sich der Sitz unangenehm an, wenn die Feuchtigkeit nicht abgeführt werden kann. Das Wohlbefinden beim längeren Sitzen hängt einerseits von der Kleidung, aber andererseits vor allem vom Bezug des Sitzes und seinem Wärmewiderstand ab.Even while sitting, the human body develops heat that is released into the environment. The amount of heat to be released depends on the thermal resistance of the environment. If this is too high, the body cannot maintain its heat balance, which stimulates perspiration, which cools the body. If this perspiration is small, it is hardly noticeable, so that there is no discomfort for the person concerned. However, if the perspiration is so great that fluid is generated during perspiration, the seat feels uncomfortable when the moisture cannot be removed. The well-being when sitting for a long time depends on the one hand on the clothing, but on the other hand above all on the cover of the seat and its thermal resistance.

Aus dem Bekleidungssektor ist es bekannt, Stoffe einzusetzen, die einen geringen Wärmewiderstand aufweisen und dadurch die Transpiration vom Körper nach aussen erleichtern sowie das Eindringen von Wind und Regen weitgehend verhindern. Solche Bekleidungen bestehen aus einem Schichtmaterial, bei welchem zwei oder drei Lagen benützt werden. Hierbei ist eine dieser Lagen eine dünne Membran aus Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), die mikroskopisch kleine Poren enthält. Die kleinen Poren dieser an sich wasserabstossenden Membran lassen kein Wasser durch. Dagegen kann Wasserdampf, wie er bei der Wärmeerzeugung des menschlichen Körpers entsteht, durch diese Poren diffundieren.It is known from the clothing sector to use fabrics which have low thermal resistance and thereby facilitate transpiration from the body to the outside and largely prevent the ingress of wind and rain. Such clothing consists of a layered material in which two or three layers are used. One of these layers is a thin membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which contains microscopic pores. The small pores of this water-repellent membrane do not let water through. On the other hand, water vapor, which is generated when the human body generates heat, can diffuse through these pores.

Diese Mehrschichtenstoffe lassen sich jedoch für Sitze nicht anwenden, da der am Körper entstehende Wasserdampf an die Aussenfläche des Bezuges gelangt und an die Umgebung abgegeben werden sollte. Da jedoch praktisch alle Sitzvorrichtungen eine Polsterung aufweisen, die aus Kunststoffeinlagen und Schaumstoffen besteht, die einen hohen Wärmewiderstand aufweisen, kann der durch die erwähnte Membran durchtretende Wasserdampf nicht oder nur in geringem Mass an die Umgebung abgegeben werden.However, these multi-layer fabrics cannot be used for seats, as the water vapor generated on the body The outer surface of the cover reaches and should be released to the environment. However, since practically all seat devices have an upholstery which consists of plastic inserts and foams which have a high thermal resistance, the water vapor passing through the membrane mentioned can not or only to a small extent be released into the environment.

Es sind textile Substrate gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt (BE-A-639 856), welche zu 25 bis 45% aus Kunstfaser wie Polyester und zu 75 bis 55% aus Wolle oder Baumwolle bestehen oder (FR-A-2 109 466) zu ca. 85% aus Wolle und zu ca. 15% aus Kunstfasern bestehen.Textile substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 are known (BE-A-639 856) which consist of 25 to 45% synthetic fibers such as polyester and 75 to 55% wool or cotton or (FR-A-2 109 466 ) are made up of approx. 85% wool and approx. 15% synthetic fibers.

Solche Stoffe weisen zwar eine gute Speicherfähigkeit für Wasserdampf auf, sie leiten denselben jedoch kaum ab. Dies führt dazu, dass sich die Sitzfläche nach längerer ununterbrochener Benutzung feucht anfühlt und der Sitzkomfort leidet.Such substances have a good storage capacity for water vapor, but they hardly derive it. This means that the seat feels damp after a long period of uninterrupted use and the seating comfort suffers.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein textiles Substrat der eingangs beschriebenen Art so auszubilden, dass der Wärmewiderstand niedrig ist, ohne dass die Saugfähigkeit und die Scheuerfestigkeit beeinträchtigt wären.The invention is based on the object of designing a textile substrate of the type described in the introduction in such a way that the thermal resistance is low without the absorbency and the abrasion resistance being impaired.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, gelöst. Es hat sich vor allem herausgestellt, dass eine Zugabe von Ramie die Fähigkeit des textilen Substrats, Wasserdampf abzuleiten und an die Umgebung abzugeben, stark erhöht, wodurch sich der Sitzkomfort wesentlich verbessert.This object is achieved by the invention as characterized in the claims. Above all, it has been found that adding ramie greatly increases the ability of the textile substrate to remove water vapor and release it into the environment, which significantly improves the seating comfort.

Von einem textilen Substrat, das als Bezug für Sitzvorrichtungen am Sitzteil und am Rückenlehnenteil Anwendung finden kann, wird eine hohe Starpazierfähigkeit verlangt, da solche Stoffe bei den vorstehend genannten Anwendungen eine hohe Gebrauchsdauer erreichen müssen. Dies gilt beispielsweise vor allem bei Verkehrsmitteln wie Flugzeugen und Eisenbahnen. Es ist bekannt, dass Stoffe, die mit Kunststoffgarnen gewoben sind, eine hohe Strapazierfähigkeit erreichen. Zwar wird durch ein Kunststoffgarn die am Körper entstehende Feuchtigkeit schnell weitergeleitet, jedoch kann ein solches Garn keine Feuchtigkeit aufnehmen und speichern. Dies bedeutet, dass schon bei Anwesenheit geringer Feuchtigkeitsmengen der Eindruck entsteht, der Stoff sei feucht. Dies wird vom Sitzbenützer als unangenehm empfunden und deshalb als mangelhafter Sitzkomfort bewertet.A textile substrate that can be used as a cover for seat devices on the seat part and on the backrest part is required to be extremely sturdy, since such materials must have a long service life in the above-mentioned applications. This applies especially to means of transport such as airplanes and trains. It is known that fabrics that are woven with plastic yarns have a high durability. Although through a plastic yarn quickly passes on the moisture generated on the body, but such a yarn cannot absorb and store moisture. This means that the presence of even small amounts of moisture creates the impression that the fabric is damp. This is perceived by the seat user as uncomfortable and therefore rated as poor seating comfort.

Andererseits ist es bekannt, dass Wolle eine hohe Aufnahmefähigkeit von Feuchtigkeit besitzt. Dies bedeutet, dass ein Ueberzug aus Wolle solange einen angenehmen Sitzkomfort bietet, als die Grenze der Aufnahmefähigkeit erreicht ist. Andererseits ist Wolle ein sehr schlechter Leiter für Feuchtigkeit; es muss bei langer Benützung eines Stoffes aus Wollgarnen eine erhebliche Abnahme des Sitzkomfortes erwartet werden, sobald die Aufnahmefähigkeit für Feuchtigkeit erschöpft ist.On the other hand, it is known that wool has a high moisture absorption capacity. This means that a wool cover offers a pleasant seating comfort as long as the absorption capacity is reached. On the other hand, wool is a very poor conductor of moisture; If a woolen yarn is used for a long time, a significant decrease in seating comfort must be expected as soon as the absorption capacity for moisture is exhausted.

Um diese ungünstigen Eigenschaften von Kunststoff und Wolle zu verbessern wurden zunächst Bezüge hergestellt, bei denen der Stoff aus einem synthetischen Garn und einem Wollgarn gewebt wurde. Hierbei wurde beispielsweise für die Kette ein synthetisches Garn und für den Schuss ein Wollgarn verwendet. Bezüge an Sitzvorrichtungen mit einem solchen Stoff ergaben zwar einen guten Sitzkomfort, jedoch nur im Rahmen der Eigenschaften der Wolle und des synthetischen Stoffes, d.h. eine Feuchtigkeitsableitung und eine Saugfähigkeit im Rahmen des jeweiligen Woll- und Synthetikanteils. Wenn auch durch die Verwendung eines synthetischen Garnes die Weiterleitung des Wasserdampfes erhöht wurde, ergab sich für den Sitzbenützer nach einer verhältnismässig kurzen Zeit eine subjektiv feststellbare Abnahme des Sitzkomfortes.In order to improve these unfavorable properties of plastic and wool, covers were first made in which the fabric was woven from a synthetic yarn and a wool yarn. For example, a synthetic thread was used for the warp and a wool thread for the weft. Covering seat devices with such a fabric did provide good seating comfort, but only within the properties of the wool and the synthetic fabric, i.e. moisture wicking and absorbency within the scope of the respective wool and synthetic content. Even though the use of a synthetic yarn increased the transmission of water vapor, after a relatively short period of time the seat user experienced a subjectively ascertainable decrease in seating comfort.

Weitere Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung des Sitzkomfortes führten zur Verwendung eines Mischgarnes anstelle eines Wollgarnes. Ueberraschenderweise ergab sich aber eine Erhöhung des Sitzkomfortes erst dann, als ein Mischgarn aus Wolle und Ramie verwendet wurde. Ramie ist eine Bastfaser und ist eine der ältesten, für die Herstellung von textilen Stoffen verwendete Faser. Ramie und eine ähnliche, als Chinagras bezeichnete Pflanze gedeihen vor allem in tropischem und subtropischem Klima. Die perenierende Ramiepflanze erreicht in geeignetem Klima eine Höhe von 120-250 cm, und es können bis zu fünf Ernten jährlich gewonnen werden. Die durch Decortieren und Degommieren gereinigte Ramiefaser besteht zum grössten Teil aus Zellulose. Sie verhält sich daher ähnlich wie Baumwolle, doch ist sie glatter, glänzender und steifer.Further investigations to improve seating comfort led to the use of a mixed yarn instead of a wool yarn. Surprisingly, however, there was an increase in seating comfort only as a mixed yarn made of wool and ramie has been used. Ramie is a bast fiber and is one of the oldest fibers used in the manufacture of textiles. Ramie and a similar plant known as Chinese grass thrive particularly in tropical and subtropical climates. The perennial ramie plant reaches a height of 120-250 cm in a suitable climate, and up to five harvests can be obtained annually. The Ramie fiber cleaned by decorting and degumming consists largely of cellulose. It therefore behaves similarly to cotton, but is smoother, shinier and stiffer.

Mit dem erwähnten Mischgarn konnten nun Bezugstoffe für Sitzvorrichtungen geschaffen werden, die einen deutlich erhöhten Sitzkomfort ergaben.With the mixed yarn mentioned, cover fabrics for seating devices could now be created, which resulted in significantly increased seating comfort.

Vergleichsversuchse wurden von den Springborn Laboratories (Europe) AG in CH-9326 Horn durchgeführt. Hierbei wurde der Feuchtigkeitstransport in einem Gewebeverband in Quer- und Längsrichtung gemessen, indem die Steighöhe von Wasser festgestellt wurde. Für diesen Versuch wurde ein Bezugstoff verwendet, dessen Kette aus einer Polyesterfaser PE/CS mit der Markenbezeichnung "TREVIRA" bestand, während als Schussfaden ein mit der Marke "CLIMATEX" bezeichnetes Gewebe der Anmelderin verwendet wurde. Die Zusammensetzung dieses Gewebes ist:
Polyester PE/CS 23 %
Ramie RA 15 % (Faser mit der Markenbzeichnung FIRON der Firma Ernest H. Fischers Söhne, CH-5605 Dottikon)
Wolle WO 62 %
Die Steighöhe betrug in Kettrichtung nach 3 Stunden 19,5 cm und in der Schussrichtung 16,9 cm.Comparative tests were carried out by Springborn Laboratories (Europe) AG in CH-9326 Horn. The moisture transport in a fabric bandage was measured in the transverse and longitudinal directions by determining the height of rise of water. For this experiment, a cover fabric was used, the chain of which consisted of a polyester fiber PE / CS with the brand name "TREVIRA", while a fabric of the applicant designated with the brand "CLIMATEX" was used as the weft thread. The composition of this fabric is:
Polyester PE / CS 23%
Ramie RA 15% (fiber with the brand name FIRON from Ernest H. Fischers Sons, CH-5605 Dottikon)
Wool WO 62%
The climbing height in the warp direction was 19.5 cm after 3 hours and 16.9 cm in the weft direction.

Bei einem Vergleichsstoff, dessen Kette und Schuss aus PE/CS bestand, betrugen die Werte nach drei Stunden 20,8 cm in der Kettrichtung und 18,0 cm in Schussrichtung. Die Steighöhe betrug demnach für einen aus 100 % PE/CS hergestellten Stoff nur wenig mehr als für den Stoff mit dem als Schussfaden verwendeten Mischgarn "CLIMATEX". Der nur aus PE/CS bestehende Stoff bietet aber nur einen geringen Sitzkomfort, während der Stoff mit dem Mischgarn sehr hohe Ansprüche bezüglich des Sitzkomfortes erfüllt. Es kommt noch hinzu, dass durch die Verwendung der Ramie-Faser die Reissfähigkeit des Stoffes erhöht wird.For a comparative fabric, the warp and weft of which were made of PE / CS, the values after 20 hours were 20.8 cm in Warp direction and 18.0 cm in the weft direction. The rise height was therefore only a little more for a fabric made of 100% PE / CS than for the fabric with the "CLIMATEX" blended yarn used as weft. The fabric, which is only made of PE / CS, offers only a low level of seating comfort, while the fabric with the blended yarn fulfills very high demands in terms of seating comfort. In addition, using the Ramie fiber increases the tearability of the fabric.

Vergleichsweise sei erwähnt, dass in einem Gewebeverband, bei dem Schuss und Kette aus 100% Wolle bestand die Steighöhe sowohl in Quer- als auch in Längsrichtung nach ein und drei Stunden praktisch Null war. Die vorstehend erwähnten günstigen Ergebnisse können annähernd auch mit Mischgarnen erreicht werden, bei denen den natürlichen Fasern des Mischgarnes Baumwolle, Leinen, Zellwolle mit Wolle oder andere tierische Fasern aber auch synthetische Fasern zugefügt werden.As a comparison, it should be mentioned that in a fabric bandage in which the weft and warp were made of 100% wool, the climbing height in both the transverse and longitudinal directions was practically zero after one and three hours. The above-mentioned favorable results can also be achieved approximately with blended yarns in which cotton, linen, cellulose wool with wool or other animal fibers but also synthetic fibers are added to the natural fibers of the blended yarn.

Für die zur Erhöhung des Sitzkomfortes bei Sitzvorrichtungen eignen sich vorzugsweise Bezugsstoffe mit einer Zusammensetzung:
Wolle 50-70%
Ramie 10-20%
Polyester 15-35%
Anstelle der Polyesterfaser können auch andere Fasern aus Polypropylen, Polyacryl, Aramid und Polyamid verwendet werden. Dem Mischgarn können auch Metallfasern zugefügt werden, wodurch das Garn antistatische Eigenschaften erhält. Der Anteil kann hierbei 1-5 % erreichen.Upholstery fabrics with a composition are preferably suitable for increasing seating comfort in seating devices:
Wool 50-70%
Ramie 10-20%
Polyester 15-35%
Instead of the polyester fiber, other fibers made of polypropylene, polyacrylic, aramid and polyamide can also be used. Metal fibers can also be added to the mixed yarn, which gives the yarn antistatic properties. The share can reach 1-5%.

Muss eine hohe antistatische Eignung erreicht werden, ist es zweckmässig, auf den Metallfaserzusatz im Mischgarn zu verzichten und anstelle desselben einen separaten Metalldraht in das Gewebe des Bezugsstoffes einzuweben.If high antistatic suitability has to be achieved, it is advisable to dispense with the metal fiber additive in the blended yarn and instead of weaving a separate metal wire into the fabric of the cover fabric.

Wie bereits erwähnt, kann das Substrat als Gewebe ausgebildet sein, jedoch auch als Schussraschel oder als Malimo. Hierbei kann das Mischgarn sowohl als Schussfaden als auch Kettfaden verwendet werden. Wird es als Schussfaden verwendet, kann der Kettfaden ein synthetisches Garn sein. Wird umgekehrt das Mischgarn als Kettfaden verwendet, besteht der Schussfaden aus seinem synthetischen Garn. Es ist aber auch möglich, für die genannten Bezugstoffarten sowohl für den Schussfaden als auch für den Kettfaden ein Mischgarn zu verwenden. In diesem Fall werden dem Mischgarn synthetische Fasern der vorstehend genannten Art zugefügt, so dass die vorstehend genannten Prozentzahlen erreicht werden.As already mentioned, the substrate can be designed as a fabric, but also as a weft bar or as a Malimo. The mixed yarn can be used both as a weft thread and as a warp thread. When used as a weft, the warp can be a synthetic yarn. Conversely, if the mixed yarn is used as a warp thread, the weft thread consists of its synthetic yarn. However, it is also possible to use a mixed yarn for the types of upholstery mentioned, both for the weft thread and for the warp thread. In this case, synthetic fibers of the above-mentioned type are added to the mixed yarn, so that the above-mentioned percentages are achieved.

Bezugsstoffe ergeben dann einen hohen Sitzkomfort, wenn sowohl Schuss als auch Kette aus dem Mischgarn hergestellt werden. Wegen der hohen Reissfestigkeit der Ramie- und Polyester-Faser ist auch die Scheuerfestigkeit eines solchen Stoffes mit demjenigen aus Synthetik allein vergleichbar. Bezugsstoffe, bei denen der Schuss und/oder die Kette aus dem beschriebenen Mischgarn hergestellt sind, können auch mit einer Schwerentflammbarkeits-Ausrüstung versehen werden, ohne dass dadurch der Sitzkomfort, d.h. der Feuchtigkeitstransport durch das Gewebe, beeinflusst wird.Upholstery fabrics are extremely comfortable when both weft and warp are made from the blended yarn. Because of the high tensile strength of the ramie and polyester fibers, the abrasion resistance of such a material is comparable to that of synthetic material alone. Upholstery fabrics, in which the weft and / or the warp are made from the mixed yarn described, can also be provided with flame-retardant equipment without reducing the comfort, i.e. the moisture transport through the tissue is influenced.

Die Gewebebindung hat nur einen geringen Einfluss auf den Feuchtigkeitstransport. Zweckmässig ist es, für das Mischgarn Garne der Garnnummern Nm 10/2-40/2 zu verwenden.The weave has only a minor influence on the moisture transport. It is advisable to use yarns with the thread numbers Nm 10 / 2-40 / 2 for the mixed yarn.

Claims (9)

  1. Textile substrate consisting of natural and synthetic fibres, which can be processed to make coverings for seating furniture, chairs and other seats, and which contains at least one mixed yarn likewise containing natural fibres, characterised by the fact that the mixed yarn contains wool and ramie and the substrate has 65-85% (weight) natural fibres of wool and ramie, and the rest are synthetic fibres.
  2. Substrate in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that the mixed yarn has 65-85% natural fibres of wool and ramie.
  3. Substrate in accordance with claim 2, characterised by the fact that synthetic fibres are added to the mixed yarn.
  4. Substrate in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that it has a mixed yarn where the proportion of natural fibres is composed of animal and vegetable fibres.
  5. Substrate in accordance with claim 2, characterised by the fact that for the mixed yarn, the proportion of ramie fibres amounts to 15-30%.
  6. Substrate in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that the synthetic fibres of the substrate include at least 15% polyester fibres, preferably 15-35%.
  7. Substrate in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that the synthetic fibres include fibres of the group polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic and aramide.
  8. Substrate in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised by the fact that it is in the form of woven fabric, weft Raschel or Malimo, where the mixed yarn is worked as weft or warp, and a synthetic yarn is worked as warp or weft.
  9. Substrate in accordance with claim 1, characterised by the fact that it is in the form of a woven fabric, where both the warp and the weft are mixed yarn.
EP89113819A 1988-08-31 1989-07-27 Textile substrate for seat upholsteries Expired - Lifetime EP0356708B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH3256/88 1988-08-31
CH3256/88A CH679597A5 (en) 1988-08-31 1988-08-31

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EP0356708A1 EP0356708A1 (en) 1990-03-07
EP0356708B1 true EP0356708B1 (en) 1994-10-19

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US (1) US5070915A (en)
EP (1) EP0356708B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE113084T1 (en)
CH (1) CH679597A5 (en)
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ES (1) ES2064393T3 (en)

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GB9405546D0 (en) * 1994-03-21 1994-05-04 Collier Campbell Ltd Textile fabrics
DE59506334D1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1999-08-12 Rohner Textil Ag Textile substrate for seat covers
DE19819400A1 (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Daimler Chrysler Ag Covering material for vehicle seats
EP1127969B1 (en) * 2000-02-25 2004-04-21 Rohner Textil Ag Textile substrate
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CN102493057A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-13 江苏紫荆花纺织科技股份有限公司 Blended yarn of jute fiber, polyester fiber and nylon fiber and application of blended yarn
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US10443159B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2019-10-15 Arun Agarwal Proliferated thread count of a woven textile by simultaneous insertion within a single pick insertion event of a loom apparatus multiple adjacent parallel yarns drawn from a multi-pick yarn package
US11359311B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2022-06-14 Arun Agarwal Proliferated thread count of a woven textile by simultaneous insertion within a single pick insertion event of a loom apparatus multiple adjacent parallel yarns drawn from a multi-pick yarn package
US10808337B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2020-10-20 Arun Agarwal Proliferated thread count of a woven textile by simultaneous insertion within a single pick insertion event of a loom apparatus multiple adjacent parallel yarns drawn from a multi-pick yarn package
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US11225733B2 (en) 2018-08-31 2022-01-18 Arun Agarwal Proliferated thread count of a woven textile by simultaneous insertion within a single pick insertion event of a loom apparatus multiple adjacent parallel yarns drawn from a multi-pick yarn package
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ES2064393T3 (en) 1995-02-01
CH679597A5 (en) 1992-03-13
US5070915A (en) 1991-12-10
DE58908522D1 (en) 1994-11-24
EP0356708A1 (en) 1990-03-07
ATE113084T1 (en) 1994-11-15

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