EP2205783B1 - Method for producing a woven fabric having at least two layers in some regions and woven fabric produced by said method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, by which a woven fabric having at least two layers in some regions can be produced in a continuous weaving process. The invention further relates to a woven fabric having two layers at least in some regions produced by said method, and to uses of such a woven fabric.

Description

The invention relates to a method with which a partially at least two-ply fabric can be produced in a coherent weaving process. In addition, the invention also relates to a tissue formed by the process, at least in regions, and to uses of such a tissue.

As state of the art, it is known to produce multi-ply fabrics on jacquard weaving machines with two warp beams, it being possible in principle for regions not connected to one another, ie completely detached from one another, to be formed.

Multi-layered fabrics with fabric layers basically not connected to each other from elastic and inelastic yarns are made US 335 9610 A known.

Moreover, it is known to produce fabrics from yarns that have a certain inherent elasticity. The total fabric produced is then determined in terms of its flexibility by the inherent elasticity of the yarns with which it is produced.

As a further state of the art highly elastic yarns are known which allow an elongation of several 100 percent, for example polyester / Lycra yarns, but which are usually classified as unsuitable for a weaving process.

The invention has for its object to provide a first method, with which a fabric can be produced, which is partially at least two layers, that is, two non-mutually bonded fabric layers, and in the partially single-layer, partially at least two-ply tissue regions can be formed, the are completely unyielding, teilnachgiebig or very compliant, so that such a fabric can be used for a variety of purposes. In particular, a fabric is to be produced which is particularly well suited for sitting or lying areas and forms pleasant sitting or reclining properties. The tissue should be highly resilient and be able to be adjusted in areas to a wide variety of requirements, for example weight loads, sinking depths and the like.

This object is achieved by a method with the combination of the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the method will become apparent from the dependent claims 2-6. The claims 7 - 12 relate to a fabric produced by the method, the claims 13 - 15 different, particularly advantageous uses according to the method according to claims 1-6 fabric produced.

• Zunächst wird eine Jacquard-Webmaschine mit wenigstens zwei Kettbäumen zur Verfügung gestellt, sodann wird einer der beiden Kettbäume mit einem ersten Garn bewickelt, das im Wesentlichen unelastisch ist. Unelastische Garne haben nach der Erfindung im Wesentlichen eine Dehnung von maximal 35 - 40 % und können beispielsweise vollständig aus Polyacryl gebildet sein. Es kommen aber auch andere Garne aus anderen Materialien in Frage.
• Der zweite Kettbaum wird bereichsweise mit einem im Wesentlichen unelastischen Garn entsprechend der vorstehenden Definition bewickelt und bereichsweise mit einem Garn, das gegenüber dem ersten Garn eine deutlich höhere Elastizität aufweist, mit anderen Worten um wenigstens 100 % seiner Grundlänge dehnbar ist.
• Sodann werden zwei Schussfäden vorgesehen. Wobei ein Schussfaden im Wesentlichen unelastisch ist (im Sinne der vorstehenden Definition "unelastisch") und der andere Schussfaden gegenüber dem ersten Schussfaden eine hohe Elastizität aufweist, beispielsweise ein Faden, wie er oben als im Wesentlichen hochelastisch definiert ist.
• Diese Schussfäden werden in die durch die von den Kettbäumen ablaufenden Kettfäden gebildeten Webfächer derart eingeschossen, dass das sich bildende, wenigstens doppellagige oder mehrlagige Gewebe mit seinen Gewebelagen sowohe bereichsweise vollständig aneinander anbindet, als auch bereichsweise nur teilweise aneinander angebunden ist und bereichsweise überhaupt nicht aneinander angebunden ist sowie in wenigstens einem Abschnitt des Gewebes eine Gewebeschicht aus unelastischen Fäden gemäß vorstehender Definition und eine darüber oder darunter liegende Gewebeschicht aus hochelastischen Fäden gebildet ist, wobei die beiden nicht miteinander verbundenen Gewebeschichten randseitig in miteinander verbundene Gewebeschichten übergehen.

The process for the production of a fabric, at least two-ply fabric according to claim 1 proceeds in a coherent weaving process and is characterized by the following process steps:

• First, a jacquard loom with at least two warp beams is provided, then one of the two warp beams is wound with a first yarn that is substantially inelastic. Inelastic yarns according to the invention essentially have an elongation of at most 35-40% and may for example be formed entirely from polyacrylic. But there are also other yarns from other materials in question.
• The second warp beam is partially wound with a substantially inelastic yarn according to the above definition and partially stretchable with a yarn that has a much higher elasticity than the first yarn, in other words by at least 100% of its basic length is stretchable.
• Then two weft threads are provided. Wherein a weft thread is substantially inelastic (in the sense of the above definition "inelastic") and the other weft thread over the first weft thread has a high elasticity, for example a thread as it is defined above as being substantially highly elastic.
• These weft threads are injected into the looms formed by the warp threads running away from the warp threads such that the forming, at least double-layered or multi-layered fabric with its fabric layers binds to each other in some areas, as well as partially only partially connected to each other and partially not connected at all and in at least one section of the fabric, a fabric layer of inelastic threads as defined above and an overlying or underlying fabric layer of highly elastic threads is formed, wherein the two non-interconnected fabric layers merge into interconnected tissue layers.

Such a fabric is suitable, for example, to form an elastically yielding middle fabric layer in the flat-stretched state, which merges into less yielding or successively non-compliant fabric regions at the edge and under which a "non-compliant" catchment fabric is arranged. This gives such a tissue - if it is used, for example, as a seat element - a very advantageous Einsitzverhalten, that is, a user is resiliently intercepted by the elastic layer and sits at full load of the tissue supported by the inelastic tissue layer, which is at a short distance under the clamped elastic fabric layer as it forms a "collection bag".

Such a progressive insertion behavior is normally only to be achieved by cushioning materials, in particular foams. In particular, when such foams must be transported or kept in stock, high volumes must be used, since in particular foamed oil products, but also other upholstery materials normally only in relaxed, i. voluminous state can be transported and stored. By means of the invention, it is now possible to transport and store flat fabrics which ensure a similar cushioning behavior as upholstery materials with greatly reduced space requirements.

The connection of the different fabric layers to each other can be more or less strong, i. For example, only every fifth or tenth warp thread may be incorporated into a weft thread of the underlying or overlying fabric layers, resulting in a relatively low hanger condition. A relatively rigid hanger condition is achieved by incorporating the warp threads of one fabric ply into every other weft of the other fabric ply resulting in a very strong hanger. This can be done by pulling up only every other warp thread of a fabric layer into the other fabric layer, or by pulling up or pulling down the warp threads of both fabric layers into the other fabric layer, resulting in an extremely strong connection.

In a further development of the invention, it is provided that in at least one section of the fabric, a fabric layer is formed exclusively of elastic threads and an overlying fabric layer exclusively of inelastic threads, the two Tissue layers on the edge in interconnected, mixed from elastic and inelastic threads formed fabric layers pass. A fabric, which is produced by this method, thus consists in a preferably central region of a completely inelastic fabric layer which determines the sinking depth of a stored body or object in the case of using the fabric as a seat or support element and a fully elastic fabric layer, which is almost stretched as an "elastic element" over it. The tension in the elastic fabric layer will result in the inelastic fabric layer underneath or above buckling somewhat from the elastic fabric layer and hanging, for example, under the elastic fabric layer like a "sack".

The claims 3 and 4 provide in a particularly advantageous manner that graded tissue layers are provided with different connection, embrace the two separate fabric layers. Further claims relate to different combinations of elastic or inelastic chains and elastic or inelastic shots. This makes it possible to construct tissue layers and tissue areas in a very targeted manner, which can be adjusted by the designer of the fabric with regard to their elasticity with a wide range of variation. Fabrics produced in this way can be used in a wide variety of fields, for which reference is made to the following method claims. So can be woven in fabric layers with elastic chain mainly elastic weft threads, but it is also possible weave in fabric layers with non-elastic chain elastic weft threads and / or weave in fabric layers with non-elastic chain non-elastic weft yarns and partially elastic weft threads.

Claim 6 relates to the structure of a fabric with at least three layers of fabric and the different connections of the fabric layers formed. So it is for example possible to connect the two fabric layers with non-elastic chain together and to arrange the fabric layer with elastic chain and elastic weft thread without connection. The connection of the at least three layers of fabric can be made such that a binding of the lowest, formed from non-elastic warp and non-elastic weft fabric layer in the top, made of elastic warp and elastic weft fabric layer occurs. To introduce the elastic weft threads, a jacquard machine is used, which has an elastic weft thread actively receiving gripper. Claims 7-12 relate to fabrics which can be produced by the process according to claims 1-6. The elastic weft and Warp threads of such fabrics can be made of polyester and Lycra, while the inelastic weft and warp threads are made of polyacrylic. Claims 13-15 relate to particularly advantageous uses.

The uses include, in particular, areas of application that relate to seating and lying areas. In the field of use of sitting and lying arise with such multi-layered and structured in a special way fabrics completely new possibilities. For example, car seats or particularly light aircraft seats can be produced with a very good sitting comfort, whereby cushioning materials and springs arranged in the edge region of seating surfaces can be saved.

When using the fabric as seating surfaces, for example, elastic body zone areas can be woven into the seating surfaces, so that a very pleasant progressive seating behavior is achieved. For the Auflagerung of sick or injured, the tissues also offer in a particularly advantageous manner. For example, sick beds can be made very flat and stored when not in use, so that, for example, in case of disaster, a variety of "padded" bedside (but without upholstery) can be transported from a storage location to a disaster site and this with very low volume and weight , In principle, it is also possible to fill the intermediate region between an inelastic and an elastic fabric layer with a so-called vacuum bag in which granular material is filled. For example, if a patient is placed on such a lying surface with a spinal injury, the contours of a body will be forced into the elastic region of the tissue. By subsequent evacuation of the vacuum bag, the granular bulk material adapts to the contour shape of the body and becomes firm, so that between the two layers of tissue as it were a solid storage shell for transporting a spine injured, which is covered by the elastically yielding fabric layer.

Particularly advantageously, the multi-layer fabric produced by the method can also be used as medical support corsets, wall covering elements, as the outer skin of airbags, as transport sleeves and the like, and always when under a tensioned elastic surface or layer another layer is to be present, the to define a maximum indentation depth or bulge of the elastic layer. In many areas, especially in the field of sick and injured bedding, it may be advantageous to provide the fabric with a silver iodide-containing layer, ie germicidal, this is ideal wherever the tissue comes either directly into contact with the skin of a sick or injured or touched by many people.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Jacquard-Webmaschine, auf der das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.

Fig. 2

Einen Längsschnitt, ein zweilagiges Gewebe, wobei von oben nach unten die dargestellten zwei Gewebelagen a) unverbunden sind, b) wenig Anhängung haben, c) mehr Anhängung haben, d) mit fester Anhängung verbunden sind, e) mit sehr fester Anhängung verbunden sind;

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch einen dreilagiges Gewebe, wobei a) die drei Gewebelagen unverbunden sind, b) mit wenig Anhängung verbunden sind, c) mit fester Anhängung verbunden sind;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf einen Abschnitt einer Gewebebahn mit Zonen unterschiedlicher Anhängung und Elastizität;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine Gewebebahn ebenfalls mit nach außen zunehmender Anbindung;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf eine Gewebebahn einer dritten Ausführungsform, in welche langgestreckte Versteifungselemente eingebracht werden können.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to advantageous embodiments in the drawing figures. These show:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a Jacquard loom on which the inventive method can be performed.

Fig. 2

A longitudinal section, a two-ply fabric, wherein from top to bottom, the two fabric layers shown are a) unconnected, b) have little attachment, c) have more attachment, d) are connected to a fixed hitch, e) are connected with very strong attachment;

Fig. 3

a longitudinal section through a three-ply fabric, wherein a) the three layers of fabric are unconnected, b) are associated with little attachment, c) are connected to a fixed attachment;

Fig. 4

a plan view of a portion of a fabric web with zones of different attachment and elasticity;

Fig. 5

a plan view of a fabric web also with outwardly increasing connection;

Fig. 6

a plan view of a fabric web of a third embodiment, in which elongated stiffening elements can be introduced.

First, reference is made to drawing Figure 1. The jacquard weaving machine 1 shown there only schematically has two warp beams 2, 3, of which warp threads 4, 5 run into the weft area 6 of the jacquard loom and raised there by the harness 7 to form sheds and lowered. In the sheds weft threads are entered, which in the representation according to FIG. 1 not to be seen.

The forming fabric 8 runs out after entry of the weft threads and compression on the left side of the jacquard loom 1 and is rolled up on a cloth beam 9. In FIG. 1a the two warp beams are shown, wherein the warp beam 3 is wound over its entire width exclusively with inelastic warp threads.

The in FIG. 1b represented upper warp beam 2, which forms the chain I, is partially wound with inelastic warp threads 4 'and partially with elastic warp threads 4 "Also in the weft threads inelastic and elastic weft threads are provided, which will be discussed below.

Hereinafter, reference is made to drawing Figure 2. There, a two-ply fabric is shown in different attachments. An upper fabric layer 20 and a lower fabric layer 21 are formed. The upper fabric layer 20 consists exclusively of elastic warp threads 4 "and elastic weft threads 10.

The lower fabric layer 21 consists exclusively of non-elastic warp threads 4 'and 5 and non-elastic weft threads 11.

In the tissue with little attachment according to FIG. 2b it can be seen that z. B. after every eighth shot a warp thread 5 from the lower fabric layer 21 is pulled up into the upper fabric layer 20 and is involved there by the elastic weft. It is of course equally possible to pull an elastic warp thread 4 "or an inelastic warp thread 4 'or both down from the upper fabric layer 20 and to tie it into the lower inelastic weft.

In the two-ply fabric according to Figure 2c Reinforced attachment is achieved in that the attachment of a lower warp 5 after every fourth shot, in the embodiment according to Figure 2d Attaching the warp 5 in the weft 10 of the upper fabric layer 20 after every second shot.

A very tight fitting according to FIG. 2e is achieved by alternately with each shot upper and lower warp threads are included in each case in the other fabric layer.

At the in FIG. 3 illustrated three-ply fabric is exemplified that all three layers of fabric according to FIG. 3a can be unconnected. The uppermost fabric layer 30 consists exclusively of elastic warp threads 4 ", the middle and lower fabric layers 31, 32 have exclusively inelastic warp threads 4 ', 5. In the upper and middle fabric layers 30 and 31, elastic weft threads 10 are inscribed into the lower fabric layer exclusively inelastic weft threads, thereby forming three fabric layers 30, 31, 32 with different elasticities.

In FIGS. 3b and c is now shown how, for example, the three fabric layers 30, 31, 32 can be attached to each other. at FIG. 3b are only the fabric layers 30 and 31 thereby appended to each other, that a non-elastic warp 4 'is integrated into the elastic weft threads 10 of the top fabric layer 30, the lower fabric layer 32 is detached from the two fabric layers 30 and 31. According to the embodiment Figure 3c are all three fabric layers 30, 31, 32 connected by the fact that from the respective lower fabric layer in an overlying fabric layer, a warp thread is involved in the respective weft threads.

At the in FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment is shown schematically how a fabric 40 can be formed with different zones with different elasticity. The fabric 40, which runs out of the weaving machine 1 in the direction of arrow 41, is divided, for example, into two juxtaposed regions 40a and 40b, the regions 40a and 40b being identical in the exemplary embodiment. It is of course equally possible to weave different structures of completely different elasticity and training on the two sides of the forming fabric web.

A respectively centrally arranged region 42 is completely formed in two layers, ie in him are according to sectional view in Fig. 4a the fabric layers 20 and 21 (assuming a two-ply fabric) before, that is, there is no connection of the two fabric layers 20, 21. In area 43, which surrounds the area 42, there is a zone with relatively little attachment according to FIG. 2b , in the area 44, for example, a zone with more attachment according to Figure 2c in area 45, a zone with fixed attachment according to Figure 2d , The edge portion 46 can be very rigid attachment, for example, according to FIG. 2e getting produced.

It is expressly pointed out that the zones of different binding and elasticity, of course, can be arranged completely differently within the fabric web. Not only can two adjacently located regions 40a and 40b be formed, just as well can only one tissue region or far more than two tissue regions be arranged in different juxtaposition. It is equally possible that the zones of different connection and elasticity are not arranged one inside the other but next to each other, depending on the intended use of the fabric. The embodiment according to FIG. 4 can be provided, for example, for the production of a seat surface, wherein the region 42 is approximated with a separate tissue webs a buttock area.

At the in FIG. 5 In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the elasticity does not decrease in zones to the outside, but decreases continuously from a central region 52 by increasing binding, which is represented by the narrowing white lines in the region 53, to a peripheral region 56 in which a very strong connection for example according to 2e is present.

FIG. 6 shows that a fabric can be produced, which has in the weft direction 61 continuously increasing outward binding, which is represented by the denser white lines, but that in the warp direction 62 adjacent bonding zones can be formed, which are interrupted by pocket portions 63, in where there is no connection at all. If necessary, stiffening strips or the like can be inserted into the pocket regions 63. For example, the central areas 64 again exist without any connection.

Which tissue area is now produced with which binding and elasticity, depends on the purpose for which the tissue is intended. As already noted above, it is possible to weave a wide variety of structures by the method according to the invention in a continuous weaving process, wherein zones of different elasticity and connection can be formed. Elastic weft and warp threads can consist of polyester or other fibers such as Lycra or elastane or of other elastic materials.

Vegetable fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers and man-made fibers as well as mixtures thereof are suitable for the inelastic weft and warp threads. Vegetable fibers may in particular be cotton, kapok, linen, hemp, ramie, jute, manila, sisal or coconut, animal fibers may in particular be wool, mohair, cashmere, alpaca, llama, camel hair, angora and silk, mineral fibers are in particular glass wool The term "man-made fibers" refers to fibers of viscose, rayon, modal, acetate, viscose staple, polyester, polyacrylic, polyamide, polypropylene, Trevira CS, Flamex, Kevlar and yarns containing silver. All said elastic and inelastic yarns made of corresponding materials or fibers can also be advantageously mixed with each other, i. Yarns may be made from mixtures of vegetable and man-made fibers, vegetable and animal fibers, vegetable and mineral fibers, animal and man-made fibers, and mineral and man-made fibers.

Claims (15)

1. Method of production for a woven fabric, comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric in some areas, wherein the said method is a continuous weaving process, comprising the following steps:

   - Using a jacquard loom or a dobby loom (1) with a plurality of warp beams (2, 3);

   - winding a first beam (3) with a first yarn (5), being for the main part inelastic and comprising a maximum stretchability of 40 %;

   - winding a second beam (2), in some areas, with a first yarn (4), being for the main part inelastic and comprising a maximum stretchability of 40 %, and in some areas, with a further yarn (4"), having a significantly higher elasticity than the first yarn (4), comprising a stretchability of at least 100 % of its original length;

   - using two weft yarns (10, 11), wherein a first weft yarn (11), being for the main part inelastic and comprising a maximum stretch of 40 %, and a second weft yarn (10) having a higher elasticity than the first yarn (11), comprising a stretchability of at least 100 % of its original length;

   - inserting the weft yarns (10, 11) into sheds, being formed by the warp yarns running off the warp beams (2, 3), such that the woven fabric produced, comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric (8), the said layers of woven fabric (20, 21, 30, 31, 32) being in some areas, completely linked with each other, as well as, in some areas, partially linked with each other, and in some areas, not at all linked with each other, and further comprising, in at least one section (42, 52, 64) of the woven fabric a first layer of woven fabric, comprising inelastic yarns, and a second layer of woven fabric, comprising elastic yarns, being located either above or below the first layer of woven fabric, wherein, on the edges of the sections, the said two layers of woven fabric merge into layers of woven fabric, which are linked with each other;

   - carrying out the weaving process, such that the layers of woven fabric in the sections (43, 44, 45, 46) surrounding the sections whose layers of woven fabric (20, 21) are not at all linked to each other are linked with each other in various ways, and on the edges of the sections, the said not at all linked layers of woven fabric (20, 21) merge into layers of woven fabric, which are linked with each other.
2. Method of production according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   in at least one section (42, 52, 64) of the woven fabric (8) at least one layer of woven fabric (20, 30), being a first layer of woven fabric, is comprised of completely elastic yarns, and a second layer of woven fabric (21, 31), being located above the first layer of woven fabric, is comprised of completely inelastic yarns, wherein, on the edges of the sections, the said two layers of woven fabric merge into layers of woven fabric, which are linked with each other, and further which are made of a mixture of elastic and inelastic yarns.
3. Method of production according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the area of the woven fabric (42), comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric, which are not at all linked with each other, is encircled by a first surrounding area (43), comprising layers of woven fabric, which are slightly linked with each other.
4. Method of production according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the first surrounding area of the woven fabric (43), is encircled by a second surrounding area (44), comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric, being more linked with each other than the first surrounding area.
5. Method of production according to one of the abovementioned claims,
   characterised in that
   the link between a first layer of woven fabric, comprising an elastic warp and elastic weft yarn, and a second layer of woven fabric, comprising an inelastic warp, is made with inelastic warp yarns from the layer of woven fabric comprising an inelastic warp, by intersecting the said inelastic warp yarns with the elastic weft yarns of the layer of woven fabric, comprising an elastic warp and an elastic weft.
6. Method of production according to one of the abovementioned claims,
   characterised in that
   a woven fabric comprising three layers is produced, comprising a first layer of woven fabric (30), comprising an elastic warp (4") and an elastic weft (10), a second layer of woven fabric (31), comprising an inelastic warp (4') and an elastic weft yarn (10), and a third layer of woven fabric (32), comprising an inelastic warp (5) and an inelastic weft yarn (11), and the said three layers of woven fabric (30, 31, 32) are linked to each other in different areas and in different ways, wherein at least one of the areas (42, 52, 64) is woven, such that the layer of woven fabric (30), comprising an elastic warp and elastic weft yarn, is not linked with the other said two layers of woven fabric (31, 32).
7. A woven fabric, being produced in one continuous weaving process, at least in some areas, comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric (8), such that, the layers of woven fabric (20, 21, 30, 31, 32) of the said woven fabric, comprising a plurality of layers of woven fabric (8), are in some areas, completely linked with each other, as well as, in some areas, partially linked with each other, and in some areas, not at all linked with each other, such that, in a defined area of the woven fabric (42) the layers of woven fabric (20, 21, 30, 31, 32) are not at all linked with each other, and a layer of woven fabric (20, 30), in the section, in which layers of woven fabric are not linked (42, 52, 64), is for the main part completely comprised of elastic warp yarns (4") and elastic weft yarns (10), further comprised of a stretchability of at least 100 % of its original length, and at least one further layer of woven fabric (21, 31, 32), being located either above or below the aforementioned layers of woven fabric (20, 30), is for the main part completely comprised of inelastic yarns (5, 11), further comprised of a maximum stretchability of 40 %, wherein, the layers of woven fabric in the sections (43, 44, 45, 46) surrounding the sections whose layers of woven fabric (20, 21) are not at all linked to each other are linked with each other in various ways, and on the edges of the sections, the said not at all linked layers of woven fabric (20, 21) merge into layers of woven fabric, which are linked with each other.
8. Woven fabric according to claim 7,
   characterised in that
   it comprises at least three layers of woven fabric, and in a defined area of the woven fabric (42) a first layer of woven fabric (30) is completely comprised of elastic weft yarns (10) and elastic warp yarns (4"), a second layer of woven fabric (31), being located below the first layer of woven fabric, is comprised of weft yarns and warp yarns, having a lower elasticity than the weft yarns and warp yarns of the first layer of woven fabric (32), and a third layer of woven fabric, being located below the second layer of woven fabric, is for the main part completely comprised of yarns, which are inelastic in comparison to yarns in the first and second layers of woven fabric.
9. Woven fabric according to one of the claims 7 - 8,
   characterised in that
   a woven length of fabric of a defined width is comprised of a plurality of elastic woven areas (42), being located adjacent to each other.
10. Woven fabric according to one of the abovementioned claims 7 - 9,
    characterised in that
    the elasticity of the elastic yarns (10, 4") is within a range of 100 - 400 %, more particularly, within a range of 150 - 300 %.
11. Woven fabric according to one of the abovementioned claims 7 - 10,
    characterised in that
    a defined area within the woven fabric (42), being away from the edge of the woven fabric, is comprised of a plurality of layers of woven fabric (20, 21), which are not linked with each other, wherein, a layer of woven fabric (21) is for the main part comprised of inelastic weft yarns and inelastic warp yarns, and a further layer of woven fabric (20), being located either above or below the aforementioned layer of woven fabric (21), is for the main part completely comprised of elastic weft yarns and elastic warp yarns, and the area of woven fabric, encircling the defined inner layers of woven fabric (43, 44, 45, 46), is comprised of a plurality of layers of woven fabric, having an increased degree of linkage as the distance away from the edge of the said inner layers of woven fabric (43, 44, 45, 46) increases.
12. Woven fabric according to one of the abovementioned claims 7 - 11,
    characterised in that
    an area of the woven fabric length, being on the outer edge (46), is completely comprised of inelastic warp yarn (5).
13. Usage of woven fabric (8) according to one of abovementioned claims 7 - 12, as upholstery fabric.
14. Usage of woven fabric (8) according to one of abovementioned claims 7 - 12, as a surface for seating or lying, being stretched across a framed element, in particular, elements for accommodating medical patients in a lying position.
15. Usage of woven fabric (8) according to one of abovementioned claims 7 - 12, as a medical corset (compression stocking), or wall lining elements in the automotive and aviation sectors, or outer skin of airbags, or protective transport coverings, comprising either inflatable chambers or a foamable material between the layers of woven fabric, which are not at all linked, or elements for accommodating medical patients in a lying position, comprising a fill of granular material in an evacuable cover, between the layers of woven fabric, which are not at all linked.

Images