EP0355521A2 - Zusammengesetzte Pigmente oder Füllstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents

Zusammengesetzte Pigmente oder Füllstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0355521A2
EP0355521A2 EP89114366A EP89114366A EP0355521A2 EP 0355521 A2 EP0355521 A2 EP 0355521A2 EP 89114366 A EP89114366 A EP 89114366A EP 89114366 A EP89114366 A EP 89114366A EP 0355521 A2 EP0355521 A2 EP 0355521A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pigment
mineral
composite product
kaolin
nucleus
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Application number
EP89114366A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0355521B1 (de
EP0355521A3 (de
Inventor
Satish K. Wason
Michael C. Withiam
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JM Huber Corp
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JM Huber Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0081—Composite particulate pigments or fillers, i.e. containing at least two solid phases, except those consisting of coated particles of one compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0081—Composite particulate pigments or fillers, i.e. containing at least two solid phases, except those consisting of coated particles of one compound
    • C09C1/009—Composite particulate pigments or fillers, i.e. containing at least two solid phases, except those consisting of coated particles of one compound whose phases only contain calcium, magnesium and carbonate ions and may contain hydroxyl ions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/06—Treatment with inorganic compounds
    • C09C3/063—Coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/69—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments modified, e.g. by association with other compositions prior to incorporation in the pulp or paper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/20—Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
    • C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/80—Compositional purity

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a composite product, methods for preparation and use of same.
  • This patent also discloses that the surfaces of such clay mineral particles can be provided with acidic coatings to achieve reproducibly a variety of acidic surfaces.
  • This patent discloses a pigment or filler material consisting of a particulate mineral such as kaolin or bentonite having a surface coating which has a significant number of acidic sites which have PKA values of less than 2.8.
  • a main object of this patent is to place the acidic surface coatings on the mineral so that additional coatings of organic materials such as silanes can be applied to the mineral.
  • U.S. Patents 4,026,721, 4,072,537, and 4,117,191 to Kurrle disclose a composite silicate pigment for use in paper prepared by a precipitation reaction wherein spherical, hydrous metal silicate particles are precipated on the planar surfaces of clay particles which have a platelet type structure.
  • This composite pigment in the specific embodiment of these patents is a kaolin clay component having a platelet type structure with a planar surface and having a metal silicate component in the form of spherical particles of an alkaline earth metal silicate precipitated on the planar surfaces of the clay platelets.
  • the metal silicate particles when incorporated into paper, act as spacers between individual clay particles to create additional air interfaces on sheet drying.
  • compositions which may be used as paper pigments which comprise reaction products of kaolin with an alkali metal silicate or similar reactant.
  • these compositions there is produced an altered kaolin nucleus which has a rim, edge or border which comprises the reaction product of the kaolin and the alkali metal silicate or similar reactant.
  • this product is not a composite pigment but rather is the reaction product of the kaolin with the alkali metal silicate or similar reactant.
  • the present invention provides a composite product comprising a mineral nucleus coated with a substantially continuous, substantially uniform coating of an active paper pigment according to independent claim 1. Further advantageous features of this product are evident from the dependent claims.
  • the invention also provides methods for making this product according to independent method claims 9 and 11. Further advantageous features of these methods are evident from the dependent claims.
  • the present invention also provides use of these improved composite products which are distinct from the above prior art compositions, as a paper pigment, coating pigment and filler, the paper pigments being precipitated encapsulated paper pigments.
  • the present invention therefore provides a novel mineral pigment useful as a paper pigment.
  • a further aspect of the invention is to provide a paper pigment comprising a precipitated, encapsulated composite product which contains a substantially inert mineral nucleus containing a substantially uniform coating of an active paper pigment.
  • An even further apsect of the present invention is to provide a precipitated, encapsulated composite product useful as a paper pigment and as a filler which comprises a mineral nucleus having coated thereon a substantially continuous substantially uniform layer of a silicate reaction product or equivalent.
  • Also provided by the present invention is a novel process for preparation of the composite products of the invention.
  • a precipitated, encapsulated composite product comprising a mineral nucleus substantially coated with a layer of substantially continuous uniform coating of an active paper pigment.
  • the present invention provides a method for production of this composite product by formation of the active paper pigment coating in situ in the presence of the substantially inert mineral nucleus, the reaction being carried out under alkaline conditions.
  • a paper containing a filler pigment which comprises a composite product comprising a mineral nucleus coated with a layer of a substantially continuous uniform coating of an active paper pigment.
  • the product of this invention is a precipitated, encapsulated composite product which comprises a mineral nucleus or core which is coated or encapsulated with a substantially continuous substantially uniform layer of an active paper pigment.
  • the coating is substantially uniform and encases at least about 80% and preferably up to 100% of the mineral nucleus.
  • the thickness of the coating may range from about 0.3 ⁇ m to about 1.0 ⁇ m.
  • active paper pigment means any material which will enhance the characteristics of paper when incorporated therein. By this is meant that the active paper pigment will increase the opacity, sheet brightness and/or optical performance of paper by standard methods of measurement.
  • active paper pigments include metal silicates, precipitated silicas, alkali metal aluminocarbonates, and the like as better described hereinafter.
  • the composite products of the present invention provide paper enhancement characteristics equivalent to or better than conventional paper pigments even though the major portion of the product is not a paper pigment.
  • the composite product of the invention achieves all the advantages of an active paper pigment at substantially lower cost because a substantial portion of the product is a material not conventionally used as a paper pigment.
  • the products of the present invention exhibit an unexpected increase in performance as paper fillers and paper coatings over the average performance which one would expect from the individual components or a physical blend.
  • TAPPI opacity is increased over comparative measurements for either the mineral nucleus or the active paper pigment measured under the same conditions.
  • brightness of paper is increased by the product of the present invention as compared with the mineral nucleus.
  • the product of the present invention exhibits improved values over a physical blend of the mineral nucleus and the active paper pigment.
  • the product of the present invention will contain from about 10% to about 90% of the active paper pigment to about 90% to 10% of the mineral nucleus.
  • the preferred amount of active paper pigment contained in the composition should range from about 25 to 75% by weight with the mineral nucleus comprising from about 75 to 25% by weight.
  • the active paper pigment comprise from about 75 to 95% by weight with the amount of mineral nucleus comprising from about 5% to 25% by weight.
  • the product of the present invention may be prepared by any procedure which will produce a paper pigment having good characteristics in which a mineral nucleus is substantially encased within a substantially uniform layer of an active paper pigment.
  • the product should be prepared under alkaline conditions and the active paper pigment under in situ conditions in the presence of the mineral nucleus.
  • a particularly preferred method of preparation is to provide an agitated reactor and prepare the product under batch conditions. Under such procedures, the reactants required for forming the product are preferably added simultaneously to the agitated reactor over a short period of time. It is generally preferred to initially begin addition of the reactants necessary to form the active paper pigment until formation of the active paper pigment actually begins.
  • a slurry of the mineral nucleus material is added to the agitated reactor either all at once or slowly. Thereafter, the remaining reactants are continued to be added under alkaline conditions until all reactants are added and the reaction is completed.
  • the resulting composite product is then recovered, preferably washed to remove impurities such as soluble salts and the product recovered. Milling of the product and possibly spray drying may also be carried out to form the final product.
  • reaction for preparation of the product it is preferred to conduct the reaction so as to provide a steady and gradual increase in reaction pH until the reaction is completed.
  • the reaction in the presence of the mineral nucleus is usually operated at a pH of above 7.0 and preferably at a pH in the range of about 8.0 to 9.0.
  • the final pH for the reactions may range from 5.0 to 10.0, depending on the reaction and use of the final product.
  • the temperature of the reaction preferably ranges from about 40 o C to 100 o C and more preferably from about 50 o C to 75 o C.
  • the reaction is carried out under batch conditions, usually at atmospheric pressure.
  • the preferred mineral nucleus is substantially inert and is a mineral including kaolins, kaolinites, talcs, micas, serpertinite, mont­morillonites, or acid leached minerals such as clays or bauxite.
  • a commercially available acid leached clay is Essellar®, from J. M. Huber Corporation.
  • Other mineral nuclei which may be used include hydrated alumina, precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), ultrafine ground limestone (UFGL), magnesium carbonate, and diatomaceous earths. Obviously equivalent materials and mixtures of these materials may also be used in the invention.
  • the coating to be applied to the mineral may comprise any active paper pigment which is operable in accordance with the process of the invention and which will form a substantially uniform and continuous coating so as to substantially encapsulate the mineral.
  • the active paper pigment is preferably a metal silicate including synthetic alkali metal silicates, synthetic alkali metal aluminosilicates, synthetic alkaline earth metal silicates, synthetic alkaline earth metal aluminosilicates, and mixtures thereof.
  • Other active paper pigments which may be used are precipitated silicas, alkaline earth aluminocarbonates, and mixtures thereof.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention includes kaolinite mineral nuclei with synthetic alkali metal silicates and synthetic alkali metal aluminosilicates being coated thereon.
  • Preferred kaolinite nuclei for use in the invention are the clays sold commercially by the J. M. Huber Corporation under the tradename Hydragloss® and Hydrasperse®.
  • a particularly preferred coating material is a modified precipitated aluminosilicate pigment such as described in U. S. Patents 3,798,046, 3,909,286 and its reissue RE 30,568, all to Robert C. Fitton, and assigned to the same assignee as the application.
  • the disclosures of each of these three patents are specifically incorporated herein by reference.
  • the pigments disclosed in these patents are alkaline earth modified alkali metal aluminosilicate pigments. These pigments are produced by introducing dilute solutions of an alkali metal silicate and a water soluble salt of aluminum and a strong acid, such as aluminum sulfate, into an aqueous reaction media containing dispersed therein an alkaline earth metal salt or hydroxide.
  • the nucleus or mineral core will comprise an alkaline earth metal salt or hydroxide having coated thereon the reaction product of the alkali metal silicate and aluminum sulfate.
  • the preferred pigments described herein are finely divided precipitated white powdery compositions which comprise chemically bound oxides of magnesium, sodium, aluminum and silicon in a uniform matrix, substantially all of the discreet particles of which are less than one micron in diameter.
  • the molar ratio of SiO2 to Na2O is about 10.0 to 13.0:1 and the molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 is from about 0.3 to 1.0:1.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxide is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to 8% based on the dry weight of the composition having a specific gravity of 2.0 to 2.4.
  • the preferred silicate of this patent includes magnesium as an alkaline earth metal and sodium as the alkali metal.
  • a particularly preferred method for practicing the process of the present invention is set forth in the process flow diagram of Figure 4.
  • This flow diagram illustrates the preferred embodiment wherein the mineral is kaolinite and the coating is a sodium magnesium aluminosilicate product of the type described in Fitton Reissue Patent 30,568.
  • aqueous reaction media of sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate or alum and magnesium hydroxide are prepared and placed in reactors 1, 2 and 3, respectively as shown.
  • a slurry of kaolinite or kaolin is provided in reactor 4.
  • Agitated reactor 5 is provided which is maintained under good conditions of agitation.
  • the magnesium hydroxide reaction medium is added to the reactor and a small amount of the aluminum sulfate solution is then added to the magnesium hydroxide.
  • the remaining aluminum sulfate and sodium silicate solutions are continued to be added simultaneously at temperatures generally in the range of about 50-100 o C, preferably 60 o C, while maintaining the slow addition rate with good agitation.
  • the slurry of kaolin is added while maintaining sufficient agitation to suspend the kaolin particles and while continuing the simultaneous addition of the aluminum sulfate and sodium silicate.
  • the total time for addition of the kaolin slurry is usually less than about ten minutes on a batch basis.
  • the remaining silicate and aluminum sulfate solutions are continued to be added for a period of time ranging from 20 minutes to 1 hour.
  • the reaction slurry is stirred until the precipitation/encapsulation reaction is complete.
  • the pH is then adjusted to the range of about 8.0 to 10.0 by addition of excess sodium silicate solution for this reaction.
  • the resulting slurry is then passed to filter 7 from which the product is removed by line 8 to dispersion mill 9 for grinding to a desired particle size.
  • the product may then be recovered at line 10.
  • the product is passed by line 11 to drier 12 from which the dried product is recovered at 13.
  • any reaction procedure can be used if sufficient reaction time is provided for the paper pigment reactant to form the generally uniform coating on the mineral nucleus.
  • the magnesium hydroxide and kaolin slurry could be provided in the reactor to which aluminum sulfate is added with agitation. Thereafter the sodium silicate solution can be added simultaneously with aluminum sulfate solution in sufficient rates to provide a gradual increase in pH during precipitation. Thereafter the pH of the reaction slurry is adjusted to the desired range.
  • a batch of pigment is prepared by adding to 1020g of H2O at 60 o C, 248.40g of clay slurry containing 69.79% kaolin and sufficient Mg(OH)2 slurry to provide 0.53% Mg(OH)2 in the total aqueous slurry.
  • clarified alum is added with agitation to yield a concentration of 0.75% Al2(SO4)3.
  • 831.6g of sodium silicate solution containing 8.69% Na2O and 22.39% SiO2 is added simultaneously with 349.35g of alum solution containing 28.33% Al2(SO4)3. Rates of addition are adjusted to provide a gradual increase in pH during the precipitation.
  • the final reaction slurry is adjusted to 9.2 pH.
  • the pigment is recovered by filtration, washed, and dispersed to form a pigment slurry.
  • the slurry may, depending on the specific application, be dried and milled. A finely divided pigment results.
  • a batch is produced by preparing 1031.41g of an aqueous reaction medium containing 0.65% Mg(OH)2. Clarified alum is added slowly with agitation to yield a concentration of 0.92% Al2(SO4)3 et 60 o C. At this point, simultaneous addition of alum and sodium silicate containing 28.33% Al2(SO4)3 at 60 o C and containing 8.69% Na2O and 22.39% SiO2, at 60 o C, respectively is started and continued at a slow rate while maintaining good agitation for 6.5 minutes.
  • samples of pigments prepared by the method of Example 2 exhibit an unexpected boost in performance over the weighted average performance of the individual components or the physical blend.
  • Table 2 following illustrates the performance advantage gained from pigments of this invention.
  • TAble 2 the effect of the level of kaolin present in the pigment on paper optical properties is illustrated.
  • Table 2 the paper optical performance is presented as determined by actual tests and based on a calculated performance.
  • the pigment composition obtained according to the method of Example 2 contained 70% of the sodium magnesium aluminosilicate formed as a precipitate and 30% of kaolin nucleus. The pigments were evaluated in paper with respect to TAPPI opacity and with respect to ISO brightness.
  • the table sets forth the actual performance for both opacity and brightness at low levels of 3% and 6% and compares actual performance, calculated performance, and the performance of a physical blend of the kaolin and the sodium magnesium alumino pigment or precipitate. Note that the calculated performance includes the performance for the reaction product as well as for each of the individual components, kaolin and precipitate.
  • Example 3 the effect of the level of kaolin nucleus present in the pigment on paper optical properties is illustrated.
  • the procedure of Example 2 was used while varying the amount of kaolin as the mineral nucleus and the amount of coating or active paper pigment being formed. From the table it will be seen that the pigment composition contains precipitate and kaolin ranging from 0% to 100% in increments of 25. Thereafter optical performance of the pigments was evaluated by preparing handsheets using accepted standard TAPPI methods. In all cases samples of pigments were added as slurries to a standard pulp blend to yield the single filler fine paper furnish.
  • Handsheets were evaluated using standard ISO methods (2469, 2470, 2471, and 3680) for determining paper opacity (calculated TAPPI) and brightness (ISO). Optical properties were measured using a Technidyne, Technibright TB-1C. In this table it will be seen that the preferred products with respect to opacity will contain at least about 25% of the precipitate and from about 25-75% of the kaolin nucleus. With respect to brightness, greater amounts of the precipitate appear to increase the brightness values. The table indicates that 6% filler amounts using at least 50% of the paper active pigment or precipitate provides the excellent brightness values.
  • Table 3 is as follows: TABLE 3 Paper Optical Performance vs Pigment Composition Pigment Composition TAPPI Opacity ISO Brightness % Precipitate % Kaolin 3% filler 6% filler 3% filler 6% filler 0 100 81.0 84.0 84.4 83.9 25 75 82.4 85.3 85.1 85.3 50 50 83.8 86.5 85.8 86.6 75 25 84.2 87.0 86.3 87.2 100 0 83.7 86.3 86.8 88.3 Note: Pigment produced using procedure outlined in Example 2.
  • the increase in performance realized by use of the product of the invention is a result of improved light scattering capability of the pigment. It appears to be superior to other pigments which are commonly used as fillers in paper.
  • Table 4 are set forth pigment scattering coefficients for various combinations of the composite pigment of this invention using from 50% to 80% of the active paper pigment in combination with from 20% to 50% of a kaolin nuclei of a product of the type prepared in Example 2. Comparisons of the scattering coefficient values were made for each of these combinations and compared with the same scattering coefficient values for a calcined clay and a precipitated sodium aluminosilicate. The scattering coefficient data were calculated using the appropriate Kubelka-Munk equations. The data is reported for a loading level of 6% filler.
  • Example 2 the process of Example 2 is repeated except that in this procedure, Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) of the product were made at various steps of the reaction in order to show development of the product. These SEM photographs are shown in the attached Figures 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, 5F, 5G, 5H and 5I. All of the SEM photographs were taken at 10,000X magnification.
  • SEM Scanning Electron Micrographs
  • Figures 5A and 5B With reference to Figures 5A and 5B, it will be seen that in Figures 5A and 5B, at 10 and 14 minutes into the reaction, the modified alkali metal aluminosilicate material is forming as a product prior to addition of any of the kaolin.
  • the kaolin slurry is added 15 minutes into the reaction.
  • Figure 5C at 16 minutes shows the mixture of uncoated kaolin particles and the formed modified alkali metal aluminosilicate.
  • Figures 5D, 5E, 5F, 5G, 5H and 5I show formation of the products continuing at 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes and 43.5 minutes, respectively.
  • the photomicrograph of Figure 1 shows the final product after precipitation is complete.
  • the modified alkali metal aluminosilicate product is initially formed and then precipitates onto the surfaces of the kaolin platelets or particles.
  • Example 2 In order to assess the characteristics of the product produced by Example 2, a comparison was made using SEM photographs of the mineral nucleus, a kaolin clay particle, in this case Hydrasperse®, a commercial kaolin clay available from J. M. Huber Corporation, a simple mixture of the kaolin clay Hydrasperse® and the commercial modified alkali metal alumino silicate product, and the product of Example 2.
  • Figure 2 shows the kaolin clay product
  • Figure 3 shows the physical mixture of the kaolin clay and the modified alkali metal aluminosilicate
  • Figure 1 shows the milled form of the final product of Example 2, all of these particles being shown at 10,000X magnification.
  • FIG. 1 A comparison of Figures 1, 2 and 3 shows a clear difference in particle shape, appearance and size between the starting kaolin clay of Figure 2, the physical mixture of the commercial modified alkali metal aluminosilicate paper pigment and the kaolin Hydrasperse® and the product according to the present invention of Figure 1.
  • the product of Figure 1 contains more uniform particles and illustrates a generally continuous and uniform coating.
  • the apparent similarity between the product as disclosed in U. S. Patent 4,026,721 to Kurrle prompted a repeat of the work of Kurrle as in his Example 1.
  • the product produced according to U. S. Patent 4,026,721 to Kurrle is a calcium silicate formed in situ by reaction between calcium chloride and sodium silicate, the calcium silicate reaction product then being deposited on planar surfaces of a kaolin substrate.
  • the calcium silicate is deposited as spherical particles.
  • the calcium silicate is referred to as Casil.
  • a series of pigments representing 100% synthetic pigment, 80% synthetic Casil/20% kaolin, and 60% synthetic Casil/40% kaolin, were repeated as outlined.
  • the experiment was repeated using Hydragloss® 90 clay slurry in dry form. All reactant concentrations were specifically duplicated, however; 3.33 MR sodium silicate was substituted for the 3.22 MR specified.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the level of performance by the pigments of Example 2 (at various levels of kaolin) as compared with the Kurrle pigments. At all levels of kaolin content, the Kurrle pigments are deficient in paper optical performance when compared to the products of Example 2.
  • Example 2 Chemical analysis of the synthetic pigment (containing 40% kaolinite) was then compared with the synthetic pigment produced by Example 2 (containing 40% kaolin). It is obvious that the pigments produced have only slight similarities in composition.
  • the pigment of Example 2 of this invention (containing 40% kaolin) has substantially more Na2O and Al2O3, as well as the additional MgO.
  • the claimed pigment is produced with 2.6 MR silicate which could account for a portion of the differences in SiO2 level in the chemical composition.
  • the claimed pigments and methods of preparation are not similar to the calcium silicate-Kurrle pigments.
  • the Alumina analog pigment while being similar in composition, differs in structure, appearance and most importantly, function, from the pigments of the claimed invention.
  • a pigment is produced by preparing 730.0g of an aqueous reaction medium at 60 o C. To this medium is added 1447.2g of sodium silicate solution containing 5.40% Na2O and 17.00% SiO2 at 60 o C, simultaneously with 623.7g of aluminum sulfate solution containing 17.90% Al2(SO4)3. Sufficient agitation is maintained to suspend the pigment particles. Approximately 5 minutes after the start of the simultaneous additions, 206.36g of ground calcium carbonate slurry (ground limestone) with 50% solids is added.
  • ground calcium carbonate slurry ground limestone
  • a pigment is produced by preparing 1031.41g of an aqueous reaction medium containing 0.65% Mg(OH)2. Clarified alum is added slowly with agitation to yield a concentration of 0.92% Al2(SO4)3 at 60 o C. At this point, simultaneous addition of alum and sodium silicate containing 28.33% Al2(SO4)3 at 60 o C and 8.96% Na2O and 22.39% SiO2 at 60 o C, respectively is started and continued at a slow rate maintaining good agitation for 6.5 minutes. At this point, addition of 346.36g of a slurry of calcium carbonate (Dolomite Limestone) containing 50% solids is started while maintaining sufficient agitation to suspend the pigment particles. Simultaneous additions are continued for 35 minutes. The pigment is recovered, washed, dried and milled. A finely divided composite pigment results.
  • Dolomite Limestone calcium carbonate
  • Example 9 For comparison purposes, the pigment of Example 9 containing 25% ground calcium carbonate was compared with a second sample produced by combining, as a simple mixture, 75% synthetic sodium magnesium alumino silicate and 25% ground calcium carbonate.
  • handsheets were produced and evaluated as shown in the following table. It is clearly evident from the table that the performance of the novel coalesced pigment is superior in opacity and brightness to the weighted average performance calculated from the individual components.
  • the pigments of this invention offer superior performance at 4% filler level to calcined clay or synthetic alumino pigments.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
EP89114366A 1988-08-05 1989-08-03 Zusammengesetzte Pigmente oder Füllstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0355521B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22858488A 1988-08-05 1988-08-05
US228584 1988-08-05

Publications (3)

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EP0355521A2 true EP0355521A2 (de) 1990-02-28
EP0355521A3 EP0355521A3 (de) 1991-10-23
EP0355521B1 EP0355521B1 (de) 1994-07-27

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EP89114366A Expired - Lifetime EP0355521B1 (de) 1988-08-05 1989-08-03 Zusammengesetzte Pigmente oder Füllstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0355521B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE109184T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1339880C (de)
DE (1) DE68917048T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2057030T3 (de)
FI (1) FI100659B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0530810A2 (de) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-10 Topy Industries Limited Ultraviolettstrahlung filtrierendes Mittel
EP0543999A1 (de) * 1990-08-16 1993-06-02 Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. Feines, plättchenförmiges pulver, herstellungsverfahren, und kosmetisches produkt
AU663253B2 (en) * 1993-04-28 1995-09-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording medium, ink-jet recording method using the same, and dispersion of alumina hydrate
WO1996024721A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-15 Diatec Environmental Company Pigment filler compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof
US6132744A (en) * 1998-06-01 2000-10-17 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Talcum powder composition
EP3341107B1 (de) 2015-08-28 2020-12-30 Imerys Filtration Minerals, Inc. Hochdurchlässige zusammengesetzte magnesiumsilikatfilterhilfen
CN112647338A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-13 陕西仁安启达教育科技有限责任公司 一种防近视纸张的生产工艺

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003207551A1 (en) 2002-05-03 2003-11-17 David O. Cummings Paper coating pigments
DE102008046856A1 (de) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-18 Süd-Chemie AG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Composits, sowie Composit und dessen Verwendung

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US30568A (en) 1860-11-06 Vapor-lamp
US3798046A (en) 1971-11-05 1974-03-19 Huber Corp J M Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments and an improved method for preparing same
US3849149A (en) 1971-02-10 1974-11-19 Commw Scient And Ind Res Modification of mineral surfaces
US3909286A (en) 1971-11-05 1975-09-30 Huber Corp J M Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments
US4026721A (en) 1976-03-19 1977-05-31 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
US4072537A (en) 1976-03-19 1978-02-07 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
US4117191A (en) 1976-03-19 1978-09-26 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
USRE30568E (en) 1971-11-05 1981-04-07 J. M. Huber Corporation Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments
WO1987007884A1 (en) 1986-06-17 1987-12-30 J.M. Huber Corporation Synthetic alkali metal alumino-silicates, methods and uses, compositions and their methods of preparation

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2311823A1 (fr) * 1975-05-23 1976-12-17 Du Pont Pigment tio2 revetu de silice dense et d'alumine/silice poreuse
US4461810A (en) * 1983-04-04 1984-07-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company TiO2 Pigment bearing a coating with cerium cations and sulfate-, phosphate- or silicate anions and laminate and coating containing same
US4578118A (en) * 1985-02-13 1986-03-25 Engelhard Corporation Kaolin clay-based pigment
EP0230425A4 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-10-19 Anglo American Clays Corp Pigmente aus strukturiertem kaolin.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US30568A (en) 1860-11-06 Vapor-lamp
US3849149A (en) 1971-02-10 1974-11-19 Commw Scient And Ind Res Modification of mineral surfaces
US3798046A (en) 1971-11-05 1974-03-19 Huber Corp J M Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments and an improved method for preparing same
US3909286A (en) 1971-11-05 1975-09-30 Huber Corp J M Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments
USRE30568E (en) 1971-11-05 1981-04-07 J. M. Huber Corporation Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments
US4026721A (en) 1976-03-19 1977-05-31 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
US4072537A (en) 1976-03-19 1978-02-07 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
US4117191A (en) 1976-03-19 1978-09-26 Westvaco Corporation Composite silicate pigment
WO1987007884A1 (en) 1986-06-17 1987-12-30 J.M. Huber Corporation Synthetic alkali metal alumino-silicates, methods and uses, compositions and their methods of preparation

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0543999A1 (de) * 1990-08-16 1993-06-02 Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. Feines, plättchenförmiges pulver, herstellungsverfahren, und kosmetisches produkt
EP0543999A4 (en) * 1990-08-16 1993-09-15 Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. Flaky fine powder, production thereof, and cosmetic
EP0530810A2 (de) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-10 Topy Industries Limited Ultraviolettstrahlung filtrierendes Mittel
EP0530810A3 (en) * 1991-09-04 1993-06-30 Topy Industry Co., Ltd. Ultraviolet ray screening agent
EP0665273A1 (de) * 1991-09-04 1995-08-02 Topy Industries, Limited Roter synthetischer Glimmer und diesen enthaltenden gegen Ultraviolettstrahlung abschirmendes Mittel
AU663253B2 (en) * 1993-04-28 1995-09-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording medium, ink-jet recording method using the same, and dispersion of alumina hydrate
AU678738B2 (en) * 1993-04-28 1997-06-05 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording medium, ink-jet recording method using the same, and dispersion of alumina hydrate
WO1996024721A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-15 Diatec Environmental Company Pigment filler compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof
US6132744A (en) * 1998-06-01 2000-10-17 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Talcum powder composition
EP3341107B1 (de) 2015-08-28 2020-12-30 Imerys Filtration Minerals, Inc. Hochdurchlässige zusammengesetzte magnesiumsilikatfilterhilfen
EP3341107B2 (de) † 2015-08-28 2023-10-18 Imerys Filtration Minerals, Inc. Hochdurchlässige zusammengesetzte magnesiumsilikatfilterhilfen
CN112647338A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-13 陕西仁安启达教育科技有限责任公司 一种防近视纸张的生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE109184T1 (de) 1994-08-15
CA1339880C (en) 1998-05-26
ES2057030T3 (es) 1994-10-16
EP0355521B1 (de) 1994-07-27
FI893665A0 (fi) 1989-08-02
FI100659B (fi) 1998-01-30
DE68917048D1 (de) 1994-09-01
FI893665A (fi) 1990-02-06
DE68917048T2 (de) 1994-12-01
EP0355521A3 (de) 1991-10-23

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