EP0354263B1 - Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator - Google Patents

Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0354263B1
EP0354263B1 EP88113059A EP88113059A EP0354263B1 EP 0354263 B1 EP0354263 B1 EP 0354263B1 EP 88113059 A EP88113059 A EP 88113059A EP 88113059 A EP88113059 A EP 88113059A EP 0354263 B1 EP0354263 B1 EP 0354263B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooler
helium
compressor
housing
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88113059A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0354263A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Strasser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers und Leybold Deutschland Holding AG
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Leybold AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG filed Critical Leybold AG
Priority to DE8888113059T priority Critical patent/DE3869776D1/en
Priority to DE8810215U priority patent/DE8810215U1/de
Priority to EP88113059A priority patent/EP0354263B1/en
Priority to AT88113059T priority patent/ATE74420T1/en
Priority to JP1204006A priority patent/JPH0282059A/en
Priority to US07/392,839 priority patent/US4967572A/en
Publication of EP0354263A1 publication Critical patent/EP0354263A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0354263B1 publication Critical patent/EP0354263B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F04B39/066—Cooling by ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressor arrangement for supplying a cryogenic refrigerator with helium with a compressor, with a compressor housing, with a cooler through which compressed helium flows and which is accommodated in a separate housing, with connecting lines between the housings and with means for removal of oil from the compressed helium.
  • Cryogenic refrigerators are cryogenic chillers in which thermodynamic cycle processes take place.
  • a single-stage cryo-refrigerator essentially comprises a compressor, connecting lines and a cold head with a displacer in a work space, hereinafter referred to as the chamber.
  • the chamber is alternately connected to a high-pressure and a low-pressure helium source so that the thermodynamic cycle (Stirling process, Gifford / Mc Mahon process, etc.) takes place during the reciprocating movement of the displacer.
  • the working gas is conducted in a closed circuit. The result is that heat is extracted from a certain area of the chamber.
  • a two-stage refrigerator of this type e.g. Generate temperatures below 10 K.
  • a cryo refrigerator of the type mentioned is known. It is equipped with a compressor in which the helium expanded in the refrigerator is compressed again from 7 bar (low pressure) to 22 bar (high pressure). Almost all of the power required for this compression is converted into heat. About 25% of this heat is absorbed by the helium and approx. 75% by the operating oil of the compressor. In a cleaning stage that follows the compression and cooling, the helium is freed from the oil taken up during the compression. Cleaning stages of this type are relatively complex, since not insignificant amounts of oil are carried away by the helium stream.
  • a refrigerator which is preferably suitable for household refrigerators.
  • a cooler equipped with a fan is provided to dissipate the heat.
  • the blower creates air movements and inevitably also dust swirls.
  • a compressor of this type can therefore not be used directly in refrigerators which are installed in racks in which the electronic supply and measuring devices required for carrying out low-temperature experiments are also located. It is particularly disadvantageous that air-cooled compressors of this type cannot be used in dust-free "cleanrooms".
  • the heat given off in the room is particularly problematic since the output of conventional compressors for cryogenic refrigerators is 3 to 7 KW. It contributes to considerable room heating, which is particularly annoying in summer and can lead to problems with electronic devices.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an air-cooled compressor for supplying a cryo-refrigerator with helium, which is simpler in terms of the means for removing the oil absorbed by the helium and which no longer have the disadvantages described above.
  • this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Since most of the oil absorbed by the helium can be transferred to the oil circuit as a condensed liquid, others are special elaborate oil separators are no longer required. As a result of accommodating both coolers in a separate housing, the size of the compressor housing can also be chosen to be so small that it can be installed in the frames for electronic components (racks).
  • the connecting lines to the refrigerator can be kept short.
  • the connecting lines between the compressor and the combined cooler can be chosen so long that the cooler can be arranged outside the room, for example a "clean room" in which the refrigerator is located. Placing the cooler outdoors is particularly advantageous.
  • the refrigerator to be supplied with helium is designated by 1 in FIG. It is connected to the compressor 4 via the gas connecting lines 2 and 3.
  • the connecting lines 2, 3 are connected to the refrigerator 1 and the compressor housing 4 via self-sealing couplings 5, 6 and 7, 8.
  • the actual compressor 11 is located within the compressor housing 4, the input of which is connected via the line 12 to the connecting line 2 between the compressor housing 4 and the refrigerator 1.
  • a line section 13 connects to the outlet of the compressor 11 and leads to the self-sealing coupling 14 on the compressor housing 4. This is followed by a line 15, which leads to the separate cooler housing 16.
  • the helium cooler 17, the oil cooler 18 and the blower 19 are located within the cooler housing 16.
  • the arrangement is such that the air flow generated by the suction blower 19 (or - when the blower is arranged in front of the helium cooler - pressing air flow) first the helium cooler 17 and only then hits the oil cooler 18.
  • the helium cooler 17 is connected via the line section 21 to the self-sealing coupling 22, to which the line 15 is connected, which is connected to the compressor via the self-sealing coupling 14.
  • the line section 23 located within the cooler housing 16, which is again connected to the compressor housing 4 via self-sealing couplings 24 and 25 and the line 26.
  • the relaxed helium gelant via lines 2 and 12 to the compressor 11 and is compressed to the required pressure.
  • the compressed and heated helium reaches the helium cooler 17 via the line sections 13, 15 and 21. In this cooler, it is cooled to the desired temperature of maximum 40 ° C. and reaches the refrigerator 1 again via the line sections 23, 26, 27 and 3.
  • Oil contaminants of the helium gas are separated in the separators 28 and 29 and in the adsorber 31. The separated oil is fed back to the compressor 11 via the lines 32 and 33.
  • the feed pump 34 located in the compressor housing 4, which is arranged in the line section 35, serves to transport the operating oil of the compressor 11 in an oil circuit.
  • the oil circuit comprises this line section 35, the lines 36 and 37, the oil cooler 18 and the line sections 38, 39 and 40.
  • the line sections 35 and 40 are accommodated within the compressor housing 4; the line sections 37 and 38 are located in the cooler housing 16.
  • Self-sealing couplings 41 to 44 serve to couple the connecting lines 36 and 39 to the compressor housing 4 and to the cooler housing 16. This prevents contamination of the media, oil and helium, which is carried.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the cooler housing 16 with the walls shown broken away in the area of the blower 19.
  • Three housing sections 51, 52 and 53 are provided.
  • the helium cooler 17 is located in the first or front section 51 with respect to the flowing cooling air (arrows 54).
  • the oil cooler 18 (not visible).
  • a cross-flow fan 19 is accommodated in the third section 53.
  • the length of the rotor 19 drum rotor
  • the drive motor 56 of the fan 19 is accommodated in an attachment 55 on the housing 16. In this embodiment, it is possible to have a strong one, via the cooler 17 and 18 to produce a substantially uniformly distributed air flow.
  • FIG. 3 shows the manner in which the helium cooler 17 (in the housing section 51) and the oil cooler 18 (in the housing section 52) are flowed through.
  • the supply and discharge lines (15, 36 and 26, 39) for helium and oil are connected to a lower, divided inlet and outlet box 61 and 62 in the foot of the housing sections 51 and 52, respectively.
  • the central regions of the housing sections 51, 52 have vertical pipe sections 63 which are flowed through from bottom to top or top to bottom. The redirection takes place in an upper box.
  • the air flow generated by the fan 19 in the housing section 53 flows perpendicular to this.
  • Figure 4 shows a view of the compressor housing 4 and the cooler housing 16, connected by the parallel and spaced lines 15, 26, 36 and 39.
  • an electrical supply line 57 is provided.
  • the lines 15, 26, 26 and 39 are connected to the compressor housing 4 and the cooler housing 16 via self-sealing couplings. They are expediently designed to be flexible, so that the arrangement of the cooler 16 with respect to the compressor can be selected as desired. It is particularly advantageous to use corrugated hoses made of metal (stainless steel) as connecting lines, which are kept at a distance by means of clips. Part of the heat absorbed by the helium and oil is then released to the environment in the area of the connecting lines.

Abstract

The invention relates to an air-cooled compressor for supplying a cryogenic refrigerator (1) with helium having a first condenser (17) with compressed helium flowing through it, having a further condenser (18) with compressor (11) working oil flowing through it and having a fan (19); to eliminate disadvantages associated with the use of air-cooled compressors, it is proposed that the helium and oil condensers (17, 18) are accommodated in a separate housing (16), that the helium condenser (17) is sited upstream, in relation to the airflow produced by the fan (19) of the oil condenser (18), and that the compressor housing (4) and the condenser housing (16) are connected to each other via lines (15, 26, 36, 39). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kompressoranordnung zur Versorgung eines Kryo-Refrigerators mit Helium mit einem Kompressor, mit einem Kompressorgehäuse, mit einem vom komprimierten Helium durchströmten Kühler, der in einem separaten Gehäuse untergebracht ist, mit Verbindungsleitungen zwischen den Gehäusen und sowie mit Mitteln zur Entfernung von Öl aus dem komprimierten Helium.The invention relates to a compressor arrangement for supplying a cryogenic refrigerator with helium with a compressor, with a compressor housing, with a cooler through which compressed helium flows and which is accommodated in a separate housing, with connecting lines between the housings and with means for removal of oil from the compressed helium.

Kryo-Refrigeratoren sind Tieftemperatur-Kältemaschinen, in denen thermodynamische Kreisprozesse ablaufen. Ein einstufiger Kryo-Refrigerator umfaßt im wesentlichen einen Kompressor, verbindende Leitungen und einen Kaltkopf mit Verdränger in einem Arbeitsraum, im folgenden Kammer genannt. Im Betrieb wird die Kammer in bestimmter Weise alternierend mit einer Hochdruck- und einer Niederdruck-Heliumquelle verbunden, so daß während der Hin- und Herbewegung des Verdrängers der thermodynamische Kreisprozeß (Stirling-Prozeß, Gifford/Mc Mahon-Prozeß usw.) abläuft. Dabei das Arbeitsgas in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf geführt wird. Die Folge ist, daß einem bestimmten Bereich der Kammer Wärme entzogen wird. Mit einem zweistufigen Refrigerator dieser Art lassen sich z.B. Temperaturen bis unter 10 K erzeugen.Cryogenic refrigerators are cryogenic chillers in which thermodynamic cycle processes take place. A single-stage cryo-refrigerator essentially comprises a compressor, connecting lines and a cold head with a displacer in a work space, hereinafter referred to as the chamber. In operation, the chamber is alternately connected to a high-pressure and a low-pressure helium source so that the thermodynamic cycle (Stirling process, Gifford / Mc Mahon process, etc.) takes place during the reciprocating movement of the displacer. The working gas is conducted in a closed circuit. The result is that heat is extracted from a certain area of the chamber. With a two-stage refrigerator of this type, e.g. Generate temperatures below 10 K.

Aus der US-A-29 06 101 ist ein Kryo-Refrigerator der eingangs erwähnten Art bekannt. Er ist mit einem Kompressor ausgerüstet, in dem das im Refrigerator entspannte Helium wieder komprimiert wird, und zwar von ca. 7 bar (Niederdruck) auf ca. 22 bar (Hochdruck). Nahezu die gesamte für diese Kompression benötigte Leistung wird in Wärme umgewandelt. Diese Wärme wird zu ca. 25 % vom Helium und zu ca. 75 % vom Betriebsöl des Kompressors aufgenommen. In einer sich an die Kompression und die Kühlung anschließenden Reinigungsstufe wird das Helium von dem während der Kompression aufgenommenen Öl befreit. Reinigungsstufen dieser Art sind relativ aufwendig, da nicht unerhebliche Ölmengen vom Heliumstrom mitgerissen werden.From US-A-29 06 101 a cryo refrigerator of the type mentioned is known. It is equipped with a compressor in which the helium expanded in the refrigerator is compressed again from 7 bar (low pressure) to 22 bar (high pressure). Almost all of the power required for this compression is converted into heat. About 25% of this heat is absorbed by the helium and approx. 75% by the operating oil of the compressor. In a cleaning stage that follows the compression and cooling, the helium is freed from the oil taken up during the compression. Cleaning stages of this type are relatively complex, since not insignificant amounts of oil are carried away by the helium stream.

Aus der US-A-21 00 716 ist eine Kältemaschine bekannt, die vorzugsweise für Haushaltskühlgeräte geeignet ist. Zur Abführung der Wärme ist ein mit einem Gebläse ausgerüsteter Kühler vorgesehen. Das Gebläse erzeugt Luftbewegungen und damit unvermeidlich auch Staubwirbel. Ein Kompressor dieser Art ist deshalb nicht unmittelbar bei Refrigeratoren verwendbar, die in Gestelle eingebaut sind, in denen sich außerdem noch die für die Durchführung von Tieftemperatur-Experimenten erforderlichen elektronischen Versorgungs- und Meßgeräte befinden. Besonders nachteilig ist, daß luftgekühlte Kompressoren dieser Art nicht in staubfreien "cleanrooms" einsetzbar sind. Die in den Raum abgegebene Wärme ist besonders problematisch, da die Leistung üblicher Kompressoren für Kryo-Refrigeratoren 3 bis 7 KW beträgt. Sie trägt zu einer beträchtlichen Raumaufheizung bei, welche besonders im Sommer störend ist und zu Problemen an elektronischen Geräten führen kann.From US-A-21 00 716 a refrigerator is known, which is preferably suitable for household refrigerators. A cooler equipped with a fan is provided to dissipate the heat. The blower creates air movements and inevitably also dust swirls. A compressor of this type can therefore not be used directly in refrigerators which are installed in racks in which the electronic supply and measuring devices required for carrying out low-temperature experiments are also located. It is particularly disadvantageous that air-cooled compressors of this type cannot be used in dust-free "cleanrooms". The heat given off in the room is particularly problematic since the output of conventional compressors for cryogenic refrigerators is 3 to 7 KW. It contributes to considerable room heating, which is particularly annoying in summer and can lead to problems with electronic devices.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen luftgekühlten Kompressor zur Versorgung eines Kryo-Refrigerators mit Helium zu schaffen, welcher in Bezug auf die Mittel zur Entfernung des vom Helium aufgenommenen Öl einfacher ausgebildet ist und welchem die weiterhin geschilderten Nachteile nicht mehr anhaften.The present invention has for its object to provide an air-cooled compressor for supplying a cryo-refrigerator with helium, which is simpler in terms of the means for removing the oil absorbed by the helium and which no longer have the disadvantages described above.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Da der größte Teil des vom Helium aufgenommenen Öls als kondensierte Flüssigkeit in den Ölkreislauf überführt werden kann, sind weitere, besonders aufwendige Ölabscheider nicht mehr erforderlich. Infolge der Unterbringung beider Kühler in einem separaten Gehäuse kann weiterhin die Größe des Kompressorgehäuses so klein gewählt werden, daß es in die Gestelle für Elektronik-Komponenten (Rack's) eingebaut werden kann. Die Verbindungsleitungen zum Refrigerator können kurz gehalten werden. Die Verbindungsleitungen zwischen dem Kompressor und dem kombinierten Kühler können so lang gewählt werden, daß der Kühler außerhalb des Raumes, z.B. eines "cleanrooms" , in dem sich der Refrigerator befindet, angeordnet werden kann. Die Aufstellung des Kühlers im Freien ist dabei besonders vorteilhaft. Da ein Teil des Wärmeinhaltes der zu kühlenden Medien bereits im Bereich der Verbindungsleitungen abgegeben wird, haben relativ lange Verbindungsleitungen noch den Vorteil, die Wirkung des kombinierten Kühlers zu unterstützen. Dadurch, daß der Kühler für das Helium dem Ölkühler vorgelagert ist, wird der gesamte Luftstrom des Gebläses zuerst über den Helium-Kühler geführt, wodurch eine besonders gute Abkühlung des Gases erreicht wird. Die Heliumaustrittstemperatur liegt üblicherweise ca. 5 bis 8° über der Luftansaugtemperatur.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Since most of the oil absorbed by the helium can be transferred to the oil circuit as a condensed liquid, others are special elaborate oil separators are no longer required. As a result of accommodating both coolers in a separate housing, the size of the compressor housing can also be chosen to be so small that it can be installed in the frames for electronic components (racks). The connecting lines to the refrigerator can be kept short. The connecting lines between the compressor and the combined cooler can be chosen so long that the cooler can be arranged outside the room, for example a "clean room" in which the refrigerator is located. Placing the cooler outdoors is particularly advantageous. Since part of the heat content of the media to be cooled is already given off in the area of the connecting lines, relatively long connecting lines still have the advantage of supporting the effect of the combined cooler. Because the cooler for the helium is located upstream of the oil cooler, the entire air flow of the blower is first passed over the helium cooler, whereby particularly good cooling of the gas is achieved. The helium outlet temperature is usually approx. 5 to 8 ° above the air intake temperature.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung sollen anhand von in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten luftgekühlten Kompressors,
  • Figur 2 den kombinierten Öl/Heliumkühler mit Querstromgebläse
  • Figur 3 eine Teilansicht des Kühlers, welche Durchströmungsrichtungen erkennen läßt, und
  • Figur 4 eine Ansicht des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten luftgekühlten Kompressors mit separater Anordnung des Kühlers.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the air-cooled compressor designed according to the invention,
  • Figure 2 shows the combined oil / helium cooler with cross flow fan
  • Figure 3 is a partial view of the cooler, which shows flow directions, and
  • Figure 4 is a view of the air-cooled compressor designed according to the invention with a separate arrangement of the cooler.

In Figur 1 ist der mit Helium zu versorgende Refrigerator mit 1 bezeichnet. Über die Gasverbindungsleitungen 2 und 3 ist er mit dem Kompressor 4 verbunden. Über selbstdichtende Kupplungen 5, 6 und 7, 8 sind die Verbindungsleitungen 2, 3 am Refrigerator 1 und am Kompressorgehäuse 4 angeschlossen.The refrigerator to be supplied with helium is designated by 1 in FIG. It is connected to the compressor 4 via the gas connecting lines 2 and 3. The connecting lines 2, 3 are connected to the refrigerator 1 and the compressor housing 4 via self-sealing couplings 5, 6 and 7, 8.

Innerhalb des Kompressorgehäuses 4 befindet sich der eigentliche Kompressor 11, dessen Eingang über die Leitung 12 mit der Verbindungsleitung 2 zwischen Kompressorgehäuse 4 und Refrigerator 1 in Verbindung steht. An den Auslaß des Kompressors 11 schließt sich ein Leitungsabschnitt 13 an, der zur selbstdichtenden Kupplung 14 am Kompressorgehäuse 4 führt. Daran schließt sich eine Leitung 15 an, die zum separaten Kühlergehäuse 16 führt.The actual compressor 11 is located within the compressor housing 4, the input of which is connected via the line 12 to the connecting line 2 between the compressor housing 4 and the refrigerator 1. A line section 13 connects to the outlet of the compressor 11 and leads to the self-sealing coupling 14 on the compressor housing 4. This is followed by a line 15, which leads to the separate cooler housing 16.

Innerhalb des Kühlergehäuses 16 befinden sich der Heliumkühler 17, der Ölkühler 18 und das Gebläse 19. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß der vom saugenden Gebläse 19 erzeugte Luftstrom (oder - bei Anordnung des Gebläses vor dem Helium-Kühler -drückende Luftstrom) zuerst auf den Helium-Kühler 17 und dann erst auf den Öl-Kühler 18 trifft.The helium cooler 17, the oil cooler 18 and the blower 19 are located within the cooler housing 16. The arrangement is such that the air flow generated by the suction blower 19 (or - when the blower is arranged in front of the helium cooler - pressing air flow) first the helium cooler 17 and only then hits the oil cooler 18.

Der Helium-Kühler 17 ist über den Leitungsabschnitt 21 mit der selbstdichtenden Kupplung 22 verbunden, an der die Leitung 15 angeschlossen ist, die über die selbstdichtende Kupplung 14 mit dem Kompressor verbunden ist. An den Ausgang des Heliumkühlers 17 schließt sich der innerhalb des Kühlergehäuses 16 liegende Leitungsabschnitt 23 an, der wieder über selbstdichtende Kupplungen 24 und 25 und die Leitung 26 mit dem Kompressorgehäuse 4 verbunden ist. Zwischen den Kupplungen 6 und 24 erstreckt sich innerhalb des Kompressorgehäuses 4 der Leitungsabschnitt 27, der mit bis zu zwei Ölabscheidern 28 und 29 sowie mit einem Adsorptionsfilter 31 ausgerüstet ist.The helium cooler 17 is connected via the line section 21 to the self-sealing coupling 22, to which the line 15 is connected, which is connected to the compressor via the self-sealing coupling 14. At the outlet of the helium cooler 17 there is the line section 23 located within the cooler housing 16, which is again connected to the compressor housing 4 via self-sealing couplings 24 and 25 and the line 26. The line section 27, which is equipped with up to two oil separators 28 and 29 and with an adsorption filter 31, extends between the couplings 6 and 24 within the compressor housing 4.

Das entspannte Helium gelant über die Leitungen 2 und 12 zum Kompressor 11 und wird auf den erforderlichen Druck komprimiert. über die Leitungsabschnitte 13, 15 und 21 gelangt das komprimierte und erwärmte Helium zum Heliumkühler 17. In diesem Kühler wird es auf die gewünschte Temperatur von maximal 40° C abgekühlt und gelangt durch die Leitungsabschnitte 23, 26, 27 und 3 wieder zum Refrigerator 1. In den Abscheidern 28 und 29 sowie im Adsorber 31 werden Ölverunreinigungen des Helium-Gases abgeschieden. Über die Leitungen 32 und 33 wird das abgeschiedene Öl wieder dem Kompressor 11 zugeführt.The relaxed helium gelant via lines 2 and 12 to the compressor 11 and is compressed to the required pressure. The compressed and heated helium reaches the helium cooler 17 via the line sections 13, 15 and 21. In this cooler, it is cooled to the desired temperature of maximum 40 ° C. and reaches the refrigerator 1 again via the line sections 23, 26, 27 and 3. Oil contaminants of the helium gas are separated in the separators 28 and 29 and in the adsorber 31. The separated oil is fed back to the compressor 11 via the lines 32 and 33.

Zum Transport des Betriebsöles des Kompressors 11 in einem Ölkreislauf dient die im Kompressorgehäuse 4 befindliche Förderpumpe 34, die im Leitungsabschnitt 35 angeordnet ist. Der Ölkreislauf umfaßt diesen Leitungsabschnitt 35, die Leitungen 36 und 37, den Ölkühler 18 sowie die Leitungsabschnitte 38, 39 und 40. Die Leitungsabschnitte 35 und 40 sind innerhalb des Kompressorgehäuses 4 untergebracht; die Leitungsabschnitte 37 und 38 befinden sich im Kühlergehäuse 16. Selbstdichtende Kupplungen 41 bis 44 dienen der Ankopplung der Verbindungsleitungen 36 und 39 am Kompressorgehäuse 4 bzw. am Kühlergehäuse 16. Eine Verschmutzung der geführten Medien Öl und Helium wird damit vermieden.The feed pump 34 located in the compressor housing 4, which is arranged in the line section 35, serves to transport the operating oil of the compressor 11 in an oil circuit. The oil circuit comprises this line section 35, the lines 36 and 37, the oil cooler 18 and the line sections 38, 39 and 40. The line sections 35 and 40 are accommodated within the compressor housing 4; the line sections 37 and 38 are located in the cooler housing 16. Self-sealing couplings 41 to 44 serve to couple the connecting lines 36 and 39 to the compressor housing 4 and to the cooler housing 16. This prevents contamination of the media, oil and helium, which is carried.

Es läßt sich nicht vermeiden, daß das Heliumgas während des Durchganges durch den Kompressor 11 mit dem Betriebsöl Kontakt hat. Das den Kompressor 11 verlassende Gas ist deshalb mit Öldampf beladen. Innerhalb des Kühlers 17 kondensiert ein großer Teil des Öldampfes und sammelt sich in flüssiger Form an. Um dieses Öl in den Ölkreislauf befördern zu können, sind die Leitungsabschnitte 23 und 38 innerhalb des Kühlergehäuses 16 entweder über eine Leitung 45 mit einem Ventil 46 oder über eine Kapillare 47 miteinander verbunden. Für den Fall, daß eine Verbindungsleitung 45 mit einem Ventil 46 vorhanden ist, erfolgt zeitweise eine Öffnung des Ventils 46. Infolge des vorhandenen Druckgefälles [Ölleitungen haben Niederdruck (ca. 7 bar), Helium-Leitungen Hochdruck (ca. 22 bar)] strömt Öl, das sich im Leitungsabschnitt 23 angesammelt hat, in den Leitungsabschnitt 38 des Ölkreislaufs. Für den Fall, daß eine Kapillare 47 vorhanden ist, ist ständig für die Rückströmung kondensierten Öls in den Ölkreislauf gesorgt.It cannot be avoided that the helium gas has contact with the operating oil during the passage through the compressor 11. The gas leaving the compressor 11 is therefore loaded with oil vapor. A large part of the oil vapor condenses inside the cooler 17 and accumulates in liquid form. In order to be able to convey this oil into the oil circuit, the line sections 23 and 38 within the cooler housing 16 are connected to one another either via a line 45 with a valve 46 or via a capillary 47. In the event that a connecting line 45 with a valve 46 is present, the valve 46 is temporarily opened. As a result of the pressure drop present [oil lines have low pressure (approx. 7 bar), helium lines high pressure (approx. 22 bar)] flows Oil that has accumulated in the line section 23 into the line section 38 of the oil circuit. In the event that a capillary 47 is present, the back flow of condensed oil into the oil circuit is ensured.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Ansicht des Kühlergehäuses 16 mit im Bereich des Gebläses 19 aufgebrochen dargestellten Wandungen. Drei Gehäuseabschnitte 51, 52 und 53 sind vorgesehen. Im - in Bezug auf die strömende Kühlluft (Pfeile 54) - ersten oder vorderen Abschnitt 51 befindet sich der Heliumkühler 17. Im zweiten Abschnitt 52 befindet sich der Ölkühler 18 (nicht sichtbar). Im dritten Abschnitt 53 ist ein Querstromgebläse 19 untergebracht. Die Länge des Rotors 19 (Trommelläufer) entspricht der Höhe des Gehäuses 16. In einem Aufsatz 55 auf dem Gehäuse 16 ist der Antriebsmotor 56 des Gebläses 19 untergebracht. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist es möglich, einen starken, über die Kühler 17 und 18 im wesentlichen gleichmäßig verteilten Luftstrom zu erzeugen.FIG. 2 shows a view of the cooler housing 16 with the walls shown broken away in the area of the blower 19. Three housing sections 51, 52 and 53 are provided. The helium cooler 17 is located in the first or front section 51 with respect to the flowing cooling air (arrows 54). In the second section 52 there is the oil cooler 18 (not visible). A cross-flow fan 19 is accommodated in the third section 53. The length of the rotor 19 (drum rotor) corresponds to the height of the housing 16. The drive motor 56 of the fan 19 is accommodated in an attachment 55 on the housing 16. In this embodiment, it is possible to have a strong one, via the cooler 17 and 18 to produce a substantially uniformly distributed air flow.

Figur 3 läßt die Art und Weise erkennen, wie der Heliumkühler 17 (im Gehäuseabschnitt 51) und der Ölkühler 18 (im Gehäuseabschnitt 52) durchströmt sind. An einen unteren, geteilten Ein- und Auslaßkasten 61 bzw. 62 im Fuß der Gehäuseabschnitte 51 und 52 sind jeweils die Zu- bzw. Abführungsleitungen (15, 36 bzw. 26, 39) für Helium und Öl angeschlossen. Die mittleren Bereiche der Gehäuseabschnitte 51, 52 weisen vertikal verlaufende Rohrabschnitte 63 auf, die von unten nach oben bzw. oben nach unten durchströmt sind. In jeweils einem oberen Kasten findet die Umlenkung statt. Senkrecht dazu strömt der vom Gebläse 19 im Gehäuseabschnitt 53 erzeugte Luftstrom.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Ansicht des Kompressorgehäuses 4 und des Kühlergehäuses 16, verbunden durch die parallel und mit Abstand geführten Leitungen 15, 26, 36 und 39. Zusätzlich ist eine elektrische Versorgungsleitung 57 vorgesehen. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind die Leitungen 15, 26, 26 und 39 über selbstdichtende Kupplungen mit dem Kompressorgehäuse 4 und dem Kühlergehäuse 16 verbunden. Zweckmäßig sind sie flexibel ausgebildet, so daß die Anordnung des Kühlers 16 in Bezug auf den Kompressor beliebig wählbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, Wellschläuche aus Metall (Edelstahl) als Verbindungsleitungen zu verwenden, die mittels Klammern auf Abstand gehalten werden. Ein Teil der vom Helium und vom Öl aufgenommenen Wärme wird dann bereits im Bereich der Verbindungsleitungen an die Umgebung abgegeben.FIG. 3 shows the manner in which the helium cooler 17 (in the housing section 51) and the oil cooler 18 (in the housing section 52) are flowed through. The supply and discharge lines (15, 36 and 26, 39) for helium and oil are connected to a lower, divided inlet and outlet box 61 and 62 in the foot of the housing sections 51 and 52, respectively. The central regions of the housing sections 51, 52 have vertical pipe sections 63 which are flowed through from bottom to top or top to bottom. The redirection takes place in an upper box. The air flow generated by the fan 19 in the housing section 53 flows perpendicular to this.
Figure 4 shows a view of the compressor housing 4 and the cooler housing 16, connected by the parallel and spaced lines 15, 26, 36 and 39. In addition, an electrical supply line 57 is provided. As already mentioned, the lines 15, 26, 26 and 39 are connected to the compressor housing 4 and the cooler housing 16 via self-sealing couplings. They are expediently designed to be flexible, so that the arrangement of the cooler 16 with respect to the compressor can be selected as desired. It is particularly advantageous to use corrugated hoses made of metal (stainless steel) as connecting lines, which are kept at a distance by means of clips. Part of the heat absorbed by the helium and oil is then released to the environment in the area of the connecting lines.

Claims (8)

  1. Compressor system for supplying a cryogenic refrigerator (1) with helium, with a compressor (11) with a compressor housing (4), with a cooler (17) through which compressed helium flows and which is accommodated in a separate housing (16), with connecting lines (15, 26, 36, 39) between the housings (4) and (16), and with devices (28, 29, 31, 45 to 47) for removing oil from the compressed helium, characterized by the following features:
    (a) another cooler (18) is provided, through which flows the operating oil of the compressor (11);
    (b) a blower (19) is provided for producing a cooling air stream;
    (c) the cooler (18) for the oil and the blower (19) are accommodated together with the cooler (17) for the helium in the housing (16) separate from the housing (4) of the compressor (11);
    (d) the cooler (17) for the helium is positioned upstream of the oil cooler (18) with reference to the air stream produced by the blower (19); and
    (e) in order to transfer the oil condensed in the helium cooler (17) to the oil circuit, lengths of line (23, 38) connected to the coolers (17 and 18), are connected together via a line which either has a valve (46) or is in the form of a capillary (47).
  2. Compressor system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the lines (15, 26, 36, 39) are flexible.
  3. Compressor system according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that the lines (15, 26, 36, 39) are made of corrugated metal hose.
  4. Compressor system according to Claim 1, 2 or 3,
    characterized in that the connecting lines (15, 26, 36, 39) are connected with the compressor housing (4) and the cooler housing (16) via self-sealing couplings.
  5. Compressor system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blower (19) is in the form of a cross-flow blower.
  6. Compressor system according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that the cylindrical rotor of the cross-flow blower is arranged downstream of the two coolers (17, 18) and that the length of the cylindrical rotor corresponds to the height of the coolers (17, 18).
  7. Compressor system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooler housing (16) comprises three sections (51, 52, 53) which contain the helium cooler (17), the oil cooler (18) and the blower (19).
  8. Compressor system according to Claim 7,
    characterized in that the housing sections (51, 52) each contain a lower, partitioned inlet and outlet box (61 and 62), vertical lengths of line (63) through which flows the medium to be cooled, and, above, a reversing box (64, 65).
EP88113059A 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator Expired - Lifetime EP0354263B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8888113059T DE3869776D1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 COMPRESSOR FOR SUPPLYING A KRYO REFRIGERATOR WITH HELIUM.
DE8810215U DE8810215U1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11
EP88113059A EP0354263B1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator
AT88113059T ATE74420T1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 COMPRESSOR TO SUPPLY A CRYOREFRIGERATOR WITH HELIUM.
JP1204006A JPH0282059A (en) 1988-08-11 1989-08-08 Compressor for supplying low temperature refrigerator with helium
US07/392,839 US4967572A (en) 1988-08-11 1989-08-11 Compressor assembly for supplying helium to a cryo-refrigerator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88113059A EP0354263B1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0354263A1 EP0354263A1 (en) 1990-02-14
EP0354263B1 true EP0354263B1 (en) 1992-04-01

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ID=8199196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88113059A Expired - Lifetime EP0354263B1 (en) 1988-08-11 1988-08-11 Helium-supplying compressor for a cryogenic refrigerator

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4967572A (en)
EP (1) EP0354263B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0282059A (en)
AT (1) ATE74420T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8810215U1 (en)

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JPH0933123A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-07 Daikin Ind Ltd Cryostatic refrigerating device
TW426798B (en) * 1998-02-06 2001-03-21 Sanyo Electric Co Stirling apparatus
DE69935538T2 (en) * 1998-11-02 2007-12-06 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd., Moriguchi The stirling device
US6378312B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2002-04-30 Cryomech Inc. Pulse-tube cryorefrigeration apparatus using an integrated buffer volume
US6488120B1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2002-12-03 Shi-Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Fail-safe oil lubricated helium compressor unit with oil-free gas delivery
GB2408071B (en) * 2002-08-17 2005-10-19 Siemens Magnet Technology Ltd Pressure relief valve for a helium gas compressor
CN1306229C (en) * 2005-04-25 2007-03-21 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Stirling refrigerating system driven by oil lubricating compressor
CN100441980C (en) * 2006-04-28 2008-12-10 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Oil lubrication compressor gas supplied circulating refrigerating device
US8978400B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2015-03-17 Sumitomo (Shi) Cryogenics Of America Inc. Air cooled helium compressor
DE102011012644A1 (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-08-30 Gea Bock Gmbh Cooling system for cooling and freezing of foods in warehouses or supermarkets, has refrigerant circuit, which is provided for circulation of refrigerant, particularly carbon dioxide, in operating flow direction
JP2024503798A (en) * 2020-12-21 2024-01-29 サルエアー エルエルシー Cooler mount arrangement for gas compressor

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US2100716A (en) * 1933-04-03 1937-11-30 Lipman Patents Corp Motor-compressor unit for refrigerating apparatus
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US3740964A (en) * 1971-06-14 1973-06-26 Tomeco Inc Portable air conditioner
FR2206485A1 (en) * 1972-11-10 1974-06-07 Aurore
DE3028217A1 (en) * 1980-07-25 1982-02-18 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe DEVICE FOR GENERATING LOW TEMPERATURES
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0354263A1 (en) 1990-02-14
DE8810215U1 (en) 1990-02-08
ATE74420T1 (en) 1992-04-15
US4967572A (en) 1990-11-06
JPH0282059A (en) 1990-03-22
DE3869776D1 (en) 1992-05-07

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