EP0352391A1 - Steuervorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer elektrischen Leistungsschaltung - Google Patents

Steuervorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer elektrischen Leistungsschaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0352391A1
EP0352391A1 EP88401993A EP88401993A EP0352391A1 EP 0352391 A1 EP0352391 A1 EP 0352391A1 EP 88401993 A EP88401993 A EP 88401993A EP 88401993 A EP88401993 A EP 88401993A EP 0352391 A1 EP0352391 A1 EP 0352391A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
relays
control device
voltage
current
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Withdrawn
Application number
EP88401993A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bruno Paul Claude Marcoz
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0352391A1 publication Critical patent/EP0352391A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for opening and closing low-voltage electric power circuits, single-phase or multi-phase, comprising at least one relay provided with a control coil supplied with direct current at low voltage and at least one contact. of work incorporated in the power circuit associated with each phase.
  • the contacts used require to cut the current of the so-called "power" main circuits a large opening distance between contacts, which leads to oversizing the contact actuation coils. , their large dimensions make them unsuitable for ordering circuits made in printed circuits, and, finally, their price is high.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
  • control device comprises an electronic circuit for excitation of a relay, adapted to supply the coil of the relay during the excitation period with a pulse current having the value necessary for the excitation. and then a current of lower value reduced to the value necessary for maintaining the relay, and electromagnetic overload detection means.
  • the device for control comprises a circuit for controlling the opening of the contacts at a value of the current passing through them, which is close to zero, advantageously in the event of an overload.
  • the current-voltage converter comprises a primary winding connected in series with the power circuit to be controlled and a secondary winding electrically connected to an overload detector circuit.
  • the electronic excitation circuit comprises a very low voltage source, means for producing said relay holding current from this voltage and means for producing the higher excitation current. relays such as a doubler of said very low voltage.
  • the current-voltage converter comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, mounted concentrically around the same core constituting an open magnetic circuit, advantageously made of a ferro-magnetic material such as mild steel.
  • the control device comprises at least two relays for printed circuits, the coils of which are mounted in parallel and the contacts of which are mounted in series in the corresponding power circuit, these relays can be mass distribution relays relay type for automobiles.
  • the control device comprises a base plate carrying a main printed circuit, and, for each relay a printed circuit support plate, mounted perpendicular to the base plate, the conductors power and low voltage current being made in the form of printed circuits, the power conductors of the support plates and the base plate being advantageously connected by soldered conductors.
  • control device comprises, for a three-phase power system, a pair of relays associated with each phase and the three pairs of relays are arranged one beside the other, the three corresponding relays of said pairs being fixed on two separate support plates, extending perpendicular to said base plate.
  • the control device which is shown by way of example essentially comprises a basic board 1 with a printed circuit, on which are mounted perpendicularly two support boards 2 and 3 on which the relays 4a, 4b and 4c are respectively welded. 'on the one hand, and 5a, 5b and 5c, on the other.
  • each relay has a control coil 6 and a contact 7 whose closing and opening are controlled by the coil 6.
  • the latter is supplied with electric current from an electronic device, shown in Figure 4, which provides a current at very low voltage.
  • the coils 6 of the relays 4a and 5a are mounted in parallel, as well as the coils of relays 4b and 5b and relays 4c and 5c.
  • the contacts 7 of the two relays whose coils 6 are mounted in parallel are arranged in series in the same power circuit.
  • the external input and output connection terminals for the power circuit of each pair of relays are indicated by the references 9 and 10 respectively.
  • Each of the three pairs of relays 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c can be associated with a phase of a three-phase power supply system.
  • each support plate 2 or 3 carries three relays which are juxtaposed. These plates 2 and 3 are shaped in the same way and are mounted in such a way on the plate 1 that the relays forming a pair are located opposite one another.
  • the electrical conductors for supplying very low voltage current to the coils and at low voltage to the power circuits are produced in the form of printed circuits (not shown) on the boards 1, 2 and 3. It can be seen that the printed circuits conducting power circuits of the support plates 2 and 3 are connected to corresponding printed circuit conductors of the base plate 1 by conductive links 11 and 12. In the power printed circuit associated with each pair of relays is mounted a device for load detection 14 electrically connected to the circuit of wafer 1.
  • An insulating housing 18 is provided to protect the entire device against direct contact with the live parts, while providing holes 19 and 20 for the passage of the terminals. connection 9 and 10, and housings 21, 22 around these lugs to allow the electrical connection of the connectors (not shown) of the power circuits upstream and downstream of the control device according to the invention.
  • connection 9 and 10 and housings 21, 22 around these lugs to allow the electrical connection of the connectors (not shown) of the power circuits upstream and downstream of the control device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 we also see the presence of slots allowing natural ventilation of the relay.
  • relay coils 6 are electrically connected at 27, 28 and 29 to the electronic excitation circuit shown in FIG. 4. These circuits are located on the base plate 1.
  • the means load control electronics ( Figure 7) associated with the device 14 ( Figure 6) are equipped with a rheostat 33 located inside the housing 18 and whose adjusting screw 35 is accessible from outside the housing.
  • FIG. 4 represents the electronic excitation circuit of the coils 6 of the relays 4a, b, c and 5a, b, c. It is made up of a system allowing from a single very low voltage supply to supply two DC voltages of different value V1, V3. The highest voltage V3 is used only to cause the closure of the contacts 7 by exciting the coils 6 for a predetermined time, the lowest voltage V1 serving to maintain the contacts 7 in the closed position.
  • the circuit comprises a transformer T whose secondary winding is connected to the circuit generating the DC voltage V1 essentially comprising a rectifier bridge PR with diodes D1 to 4 and a capacitor C1 intended to be charged at said voltage V1.
  • the secondary winding circuit of the transformer T further comprises a voltage doubler arrangement essentially comprising a series connection of a capacitor C2, a diode D5 and a capacitor C3, a diode D6 being connected between a point common to the capacitor C2 and to the diode D5 and at a common point between the capacitor C3 and the corresponding terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T.
  • the two diodes D5 and D6 are reverse biased, that is to say the anode of the diode D5 is connected to the cathode of diode D6.
  • the cathode of the rectifying diode D5 is connected to the emitter of a transistor Q1 of the PNP type, the basic circuit of which comprises a switching element such as a transistor Q2 of the NPN type.
  • the relays are mounted in the collector circuit of transistor Q1.
  • Figure 4 shows the connection terminals 27, 28 and 29 as defined in Figure 3. Terminals 29 and 28 are in a first collector circuit while terminals 29 and 27 are part of a second circuit collector parallel to the first.
  • Each of the two parallel circuits comprises an assembly of the Darlington type formed respectively by transistors Q3, Q4 and Q5, Q6, of the NPN type.
  • the transistor Q2 and the two Darlington circuits can be controlled by applying an appropriate control voltage to the input terminals B1 and B2, B3.
  • Terminal B1 is connected by a series connection of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C5 to the base of transistor Q2, while terminals B2 and B3 are connected respectively to the bases of transistors Q3 and Q5 via d '' appropriate resistance.
  • the capacitor C1 is connected by an electrode, via a diode D7 to the collector of the transistor Q1, while the other electrode is connected to the emitters of transistors Q2, Q4 and Q6.
  • the electronic excitation circuit comprises means making it possible to synchronize the control of the transistor Q2 with the secondary voltage of the transformer T by means of an opto-coupler whose photodiode OC1 is mounted in parallel on the secondary winding of the transformer T and whose phototransistor OC2 is in parallel with the capacitor C1 through an appropriate resistor.
  • the emitter of transistor OC2 is connected to the clock input CK of a flip-flop BA1, the output of which is connected to the control terminal B1 of transistor Q2.
  • the data input D of the flip-flop BA1 is connected to the output of a flip-flop BA4 whose data inputs D and clock CK are linked together by a normally open push-button IT2.
  • the priority reset inputs R of flip-flops BA1 and BA4 are connected to each other and to the common point of a circuit RC consisting of a resistor R10 and a capacitor C11. This common point B4 is connected to point B4 in FIG. 8.
  • the free electrode of R10 is connected to ground and that of C11 is connected to the input D of the flip-flop BA4, as well as to the positive electrode of the capacitor C1.
  • FIG. 6 represents the current-voltage converter 14.
  • This comprises a cylindrical ferro-magnetic core 40, advantageously made of mild steel, around which is concentrically mounted a magnetic coil 41 connected to the electronic charge control circuit shown in FIG. 7 by its input and output terminals 42 and 43 serving as a stud solderable for connection to the main printed circuit 1.
  • These studs 42 and 43 are force fitted into the frame 44 of the converter, the part 45 of which forms a housing around the coil 41 and isolates it from the primary winding 46 of the converter concentrically the primary coil 41, outside the housing.
  • the winding 46 is mounted in the power circuit of the device as shown in Figure 3 and consists of at least one turn of electrical conductor.
  • the coil 41 is held integral with the assembly by the addition of filling resin inside the housing 45.
  • FIG. 7 shows the diagram of a charge control circuit and more precisely for detecting an overload, for a control system adapted to a three-phase network.
  • each secondary winding 41 is connected to an amplifier A1 or A2.
  • Diodes D8 and D9 connect the outputs of the amplifiers A1 and A2 respectively to a single RC type circuit comprising, connected in parallel, a capacitor C7 and a resistor R3.
  • the point common to the diode D9 and to the RC circuit is connected to an amplifier A3 whose output is connected to a delay circuit comprising a resistor R4 and a capacitor C8 connected to a reference voltage of for example 0.6V by one of its limits.
  • the free terminal of this capacitor is connected to one of the inputs of a comparator A4, the other input of this being connected to the cursor of a potentiometer 33 mounted in a circuit appropriate to allow the establishment of a reference voltage.
  • the output of this comparator A4 bears the reference B5.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a relay opening control circuit used in a three-phase system, making it possible to cut the current in the power circuits in the vicinity of the zero value thereof.
  • Its first input terminal is terminal B5 of the electronic charge control circuit according to FIG. 7.
  • This terminal B5 is connected to one of the two inputs of a PO gate of the NON type and whose output B4 is connected to the terminal B4 of FIG. 4.
  • the second input terminal of the control circuit is the terminal B1 of the electronic excitation circuit according to FIG. 4.
  • the input terminal B1 is connected to the priority reset inputs R of the flip-flops BA2 and BA3 as well as to a delay circuit constituted by R7 and C10 through a diode D12.
  • This common point constituted by the cathode of D12 and an electrode of R7 and C10 is connected to the input of an inverter IN3, the output of which is connected to the priority 1 reset inputs S of flip-flops BA2 and BA3.
  • the data input D of the flip-flop BA2 is brought to a logic level 1 represented by + V.
  • the complemented output M of the flip-flop BA2 is connected via a diode D10 to a delay circuit formed by a resistor R5 and a capacitor C8 connected in parallel and connected to ground.
  • the free input of the RC assembly is connected via an inverter IN1 to the data input of a flip-flop BA3.
  • the complemented output K of the flip-flop BA3 is connected by a diode D11 to a parallel mounting of the RC type comprising a resistor R6 and a capacitor C9 connected to ground, and to a tracking amplifier A5.
  • the output thereof is connected to the control terminal B3 of the electronic excitation circuit according to FIG. 4.
  • the opening control circuit represented in FIG. 8 comprises a second output terminal B2 which is connected to the terminal B2 control circuit. This output is connected to the output of an inverter IN2 whose input is connected to the output of the inverter IN1.
  • the second input the PO gate is connected to earth by an appropriate resistance.
  • a normally closed push-button IT1 connects the 2 inputs of the PO door.
  • the electronic excitation circuit represented in FIG. 4 has the function of producing a pulse current C as a function of the time t indicated in milliseconds in FIG. 5.
  • This current has a first period of high intensity allowing the closure of the contacts 7 of the relay, followed by a current of a lower value intended to ensure that these contacts are kept closed 7.
  • the current excitation and closing of the relays is produced using the voltage doubler contained in the circuit according to Figure 4. Indeed, the assembly shown, formed by the capacitors C2 and C3 and the rectifier diodes D5 and D6 as well that the secondary of the transformer T makes it possible to obtain at the terminals of the capacitor C3 a voltage V3 twice the voltage V1 present at the terminals of the capacitor C1. Indeed, the voltage V3 across the capacitor C3 is equal to the sum of the voltages across the capacitor C2 and across the secondary winding of the transformer T.
  • the capacitor C1 charges at the voltage V1 through the rectifier bridge PR .
  • the coils 6 of the relays are crossed by the current of lower value supplied by the capacitor C1, through the diode D7.
  • the application of the closing control voltage applied to the control input B1 is synchronized with the network voltage thanks to the optocoupler circuit OC1, OC2 and the flip-flop BA1, so that the capacitor Q2 becomes conductor from the start of the conduction half-period of the diodes D3 and D2.
  • the function of the flip-flop BA4 is to avoid the flapping (open-closed) of the relays when there is an overload fault simultaneously and to keep IT2 in the closed position.
  • the control voltages which are applied to the inputs B2 and B3 are generated by the circuit shown in FIG. 8, also synchronously with the network voltage, as will be described later.
  • the circuit constituted by R10 and C10 has the role of preventing the inadvertent closing of the relays when the various circuits are energized.
  • the charge control or overload detection circuit is connected to the secondary windings 41 of two converters 14 which are placed on two distinct phases of the network.
  • a voltage V5 is produced produced from the highest voltage of those generated by the windings 41.
  • This voltage V5 is applied to the input of the amplifier A3 which is mounted so as to present a gain for example of 7.07.
  • the output voltage V6 of this amplifier A3 is thus equal to 10 times the effective value of the highest value input signal produced by the windings 41.
  • the circuit formed by the resistor R4 and the capacitor C8 delays the evolution of the voltage V6 at the input of the comparator A4. This allows the presence of transient overloads in the power circuits.
  • the comparator A4 produces at its output B5 a signal of zero value, indicating an overload.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 8 controls the opening of the three-phase relays with power cut in the power circuits near the zero value.
  • the overload detection circuit according to FIG. 7 produces a zero signal at its output B5, or when the push button IT1 is operated, the output of the gate NO and bearing the reference PO goes to state 1 which is applied to the priority reset input R of the flip-flop BA1 in figure 4.
  • the output of BA1 goes to state 0 and the voltage across terminals B1 of figures 4 and 8 is canceled which has the effect of unlocking the priority reset inputs R of flip-flops BA2 and BA3 and carrying the complemented output M of the flip-flop BA2 to a level 0 as soon as a synchronization signal taken from one of the two converters 14 appears on its input CK.
  • the data input D of the flip-flop BA3 changes to state 1 which produces at the complemented output K of the flip-flop the state zero during a change of state towards a state 1 of the synchronization signal at the input CK obtained by the second converter shown in FIG. 7 and associated with a second phase of the three-phase network.
  • the output signal at the terminal B3 becomes zero, which causes the blocking of the second Darlington circuit formed by the transistors Q5 and Q6.
  • the relays mounted between terminals 29 and 27 are no longer supplied with current and their contact 7 opens. This opening occurs at a time when the current passing through the contacts is decreasing and close to the zero value.
  • the values of components R6 and C9 are calculated according to the frequency of the network and the mechanical characteristics of the relays used.
  • the application of a signal to the reset inputs S to one of the flip-flops is effective only in the absence of a synchronization signal at the CK inputs of the relays.
  • the contacts 7 of the relays are closed when an appropriate voltage is applied to the inputs R for zeroing flip-flops BA2 and BA3, which will be transmitted to terminals B2 and B3.
  • the relays used can be very widespread relays of the relay type for cars. Since the excitation current of the relays only flows for a relatively short time interval necessary for the closing of the relays and is then reduced to the lowest value for maintaining the contacts in the closed state, the control device can operate for a given power with less heating, a reduced volume and therefore a lower cost price, compared to the known device. Since the relay excitation circuit operates from a single voltage source which can very favorably be very low voltage, these relays can be used in all circuits comprising both very low voltage such as electronic logic circuits and power circuits.
  • the opening of the relay contacts is synchronized with respect to the network voltage so that the different contacts separate when the value of the current flowing through it is close to zero makes it possible to increase the longevity of the relays by eliminating the wear of the contacts by the effect of the electric arc and reduce the electromagnetic interference generated during the separation of the contacts.
  • connection lugs for the power circuit (s) it is also advantageous for the assembly formed by the relays and the support plates to be enclosed in an insulating box comprising orifices for the passage of the connection lugs for the power circuit (s), so that these connection lugs make protrusion out of the housing, on its face opposite to that of the main circuit, and slots allowing natural ventilation of the relays. It is also advantageous for the function linking the primary current and the secondary voltage of the converter to be linear. In addition, the structure of the device according to the invention ensures good electrical insulation between the primary and secondary circuits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
EP88401993A 1987-03-16 1988-07-29 Steuervorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer elektrischen Leistungsschaltung Withdrawn EP0352391A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703566A FR2612685B1 (fr) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Dispositif de commande pour l'ouverture et la fermeture de circuits de puissance electrique

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EP0352391A1 true EP0352391A1 (de) 1990-01-31

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FR (1) FR2612685B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2612685B1 (fr) * 1987-03-16 1992-11-06 Marcoz Bruno Dispositif de commande pour l'ouverture et la fermeture de circuits de puissance electrique
US4893101A (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-01-09 Ericson Manufacturing Company Resettable ground fault circuit interrupter
ES2445990T3 (es) 2000-01-28 2014-03-06 Elesta Relays Gmbh Relé de seguridad, su uso y dispositivo de conexión con tal relé de seguridad
DE50114781D1 (de) 2000-04-03 2009-05-07 Elesta Relays Gmbh Relais

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0007208A1 (de) * 1978-07-10 1980-01-23 Eaton International Corporation Wechselspannungsüberlastschutz
EP0140093A2 (de) * 1983-09-20 1985-05-08 Schaltbau Gesellschaft mbH Schütz mit Steuerstufe und Überstromauslöser
FR2577075A1 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-08 Telemecanique Electrique Borne de connexion mixte pour circuit imprime et appareil electronique equipe d'une telle borne
EP0192258A2 (de) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-27 Takamisawa Electric Co., Ltd. Hybride Relaisschaltung mit elektromagnetischem Relais zum Schalten einer Wechselstromleistungsquelle
DE8511775U1 (de) * 1985-04-19 1986-12-04 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE3534042A1 (de) * 1985-09-24 1987-03-26 Siemens Ag Schaltung zum betrieb eines relais
DE3541338A1 (de) * 1985-11-22 1987-05-27 Pepperl & Fuchs Schaltung mit selbstueberwachung
DE3619723A1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-17 Kloeckner Moeller Elektrizit Kontaktbehaftete zusatzsteuerung fuer sicherheitsstromkreise
GB2192492A (en) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-13 Thermalloy Inc Alignment device for connecting an electronic component to a printed circuit board
US4728914A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-03-01 General Electric Company Rating plug enclosure for molded case circuit breakers
DE3642233A1 (de) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-23 Steuerungselektronik Schoefman Einrichtung fuer die selbstueberwachung von relaiskontakten
FR2612685A1 (fr) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-23 Marcoz Bruno Dispositif de commande pour l'ouverture et la fermeture de circuits de puissance electrique

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0007208A1 (de) * 1978-07-10 1980-01-23 Eaton International Corporation Wechselspannungsüberlastschutz
EP0140093A2 (de) * 1983-09-20 1985-05-08 Schaltbau Gesellschaft mbH Schütz mit Steuerstufe und Überstromauslöser
FR2577075A1 (fr) * 1985-02-07 1986-08-08 Telemecanique Electrique Borne de connexion mixte pour circuit imprime et appareil electronique equipe d'une telle borne
EP0192258A2 (de) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-27 Takamisawa Electric Co., Ltd. Hybride Relaisschaltung mit elektromagnetischem Relais zum Schalten einer Wechselstromleistungsquelle
DE8511775U1 (de) * 1985-04-19 1986-12-04 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE3534042A1 (de) * 1985-09-24 1987-03-26 Siemens Ag Schaltung zum betrieb eines relais
DE3541338A1 (de) * 1985-11-22 1987-05-27 Pepperl & Fuchs Schaltung mit selbstueberwachung
DE3619723A1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-17 Kloeckner Moeller Elektrizit Kontaktbehaftete zusatzsteuerung fuer sicherheitsstromkreise
GB2192492A (en) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-13 Thermalloy Inc Alignment device for connecting an electronic component to a printed circuit board
DE3642233A1 (de) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-23 Steuerungselektronik Schoefman Einrichtung fuer die selbstueberwachung von relaiskontakten
FR2612685A1 (fr) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-23 Marcoz Bruno Dispositif de commande pour l'ouverture et la fermeture de circuits de puissance electrique
US4728914A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-03-01 General Electric Company Rating plug enclosure for molded case circuit breakers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WESTINGHOUSE ENGINEER, vol. 33, no. 4, juillet 1973, pages 106-111; A.E. MAIER et al.: "New molded-case circuit breakers have easy selection of continuous current rating" *

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FR2612685B1 (fr) 1992-11-06
FR2612685A1 (fr) 1988-09-23

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