EP0351582B1 - Great length pre-stressing strand for prestressed concrete with grouted anchoring, and method for installing it - Google Patents

Great length pre-stressing strand for prestressed concrete with grouted anchoring, and method for installing it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0351582B1
EP0351582B1 EP89111441A EP89111441A EP0351582B1 EP 0351582 B1 EP0351582 B1 EP 0351582B1 EP 89111441 A EP89111441 A EP 89111441A EP 89111441 A EP89111441 A EP 89111441A EP 0351582 B1 EP0351582 B1 EP 0351582B1
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Prior art keywords
tensioning
anchoring
duct
length
injected
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French (fr)
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EP0351582A1 (en
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Walter Bau AG
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Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/58—Prestressed concrete piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bundle tendon of great length for prestressed concrete with a subsequent composite consisting of a plurality of individual elements, such as steel rods, wires or wire strands with end anchors, which is integrated in a structural part e.g. prepared by installing a cladding tube that runs vertically or at an angle and can only be accessed at one end and can be supported at this end by means of an anchor device having an anchor plate relative to the structural part, and a method for its installation.
  • a structural part e.g. prepared by installing a cladding tube that runs vertically or at an angle and can only be accessed at one end and can be supported at this end by means of an anchor device having an anchor plate relative to the structural part, and a method for its installation.
  • tension members made of steel into cavities that are only accessible from one end and their anchoring at the inaccessible end is known in principle in the manufacture of earth and rock anchors.
  • An anchoring section is also produced here by injecting hardening material in the depth of the borehole, which serves to firmly anchor the tension member, which is then tensioned from the air end and anchored by means of anchor devices known from prestressed concrete construction.
  • the free length of steel between the anchoring section and the air-side anchoring device basically remains freely stretchable.
  • Similar working methods are also known for anchoring structures such as retaining walls, dam walls or the like in the ground.
  • tendons also in the form of steel wire strands, have a large, but at least limited length, so that such hairpin-shaped tendons can only achieve component heights that correspond to a maximum of half the tendon length. At larger building heights, intermediate joints with again hairpin-shaped tendons are necessary.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a way to design and install a tendon, which is to be installed in a tension channel accessible only at one end, in such a way that it is reliably anchored not only at the inaccessible end, but that the full filling of the tensioning channel for the production of the subsequent bond can also be checked.
  • this object is first achieved by a tendon, the individual elements of which are directly connected to one another at the end of the tendon opposite the anchor device, e.g. are welded, and in the case of additional anchoring in the hardening material to be injected into the tensioning channel for the production of the subsequent bond following the connection of the individual elements at the end of the tendon over a certain anchoring length on these and on these staggered in each case e.g. are pressed on by extrusion.
  • the arrangement of the sleeves pressed on for additional anchoring of the individual elements of the bundle tendon does not have the advantage at the outermost end of the tendon, but rather along the entire anchoring distance and offset from one another that the individual elements at the outermost end together can be welded immediately, i.e. not with the help of anchor devices; this is necessary in order to be able to wind the entire, often very long tendon on a reel and lower it reliably into the tendon.
  • the means for additional anchoring which regularly increase the diameter of the individual elements, such as pressed-on metallic sleeves, at the same time form spacers which keep the individual elements at a distance from one another in the region of the anchoring length, so that they are full in the injectable hardening material can be embedded; this also minimizes the diameter of the entire bundle tendon in the area of the anchoring length.
  • comparatively narrow cladding tubes can be used for the tensioning channel, which in turn leads to small structural dimensions.
  • the injection lines expediently run outside the tensioning channel.
  • the rinsing process can continue until the material has hardened or can be repeated periodically.
  • the air-side anchoring area can optionally be re-injected with hardening material via a third injection line running outside the tensioning channel and opening into the anchoring device below it.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a wall 1, e.g. a cell wall of a multi-cell structure made of reinforced concrete is shown. It is assumed that the wall at the lower end is based on the sea floor or on a foundation, while the upper end is above the water level; the height of the structure can be 85 m and more.
  • a tensioning channel 3 is formed by a cladding tube 2 embedded therein, into which a bundle tendon 4 is inserted.
  • the bundle tendon 4 is shown in the illustration of FIG. 1 consisting of only three individual elements 5; it actually consists of a larger, basically any number of individual elements, in the example of FIGS. 2 to 4 of nineteen elements 5, e.g. Steel wire strands.
  • the structural part 1 also includes a flaccid reinforcement 6, which is only indicated along the outer wall in FIG. 1.
  • the individual elements 5, as shown in FIG. 4, are welded to one another in a tight position at the lower end 7.
  • they are provided with means 8 for the locally concentrated application of force.
  • These means 8 are expediently pressed onto the individual steel wire strands by means of extrusion; as shown in FIG. 2 in particular, they are grouped together at equal distances l from one another in order to distribute them as evenly as possible over the anchoring length L v .
  • the bundle of the individual elements 5 is fixed in this area, for example by a wrapping 9 (FIG. 3).
  • hose-like lines are led up parallel to this, namely an injection line A, which opens at 10 at the lower end of the anchoring length L v into the tensioning channel 3, and a flushing and injection line B, which approximately the boundary between the anchoring length L v and the overlying span length L s at 11 opens into the tension channel 3.
  • Another line C leads from the air side into the area of the tensioning channel 3 below the anchor device 12;
  • a fourth line D is connected to a cover cap 13, with which the tensioning channel 3 in the area of the anchor device 12 can be temporarily closed during construction. If the diameter of the cladding tube 2 can be chosen to be correspondingly large, it is in principle also possible to route the lines A and B within the tensioning channel 3.
  • Fig. 5a shows schematically the state of construction after the production of the tension channel 3 with the injection lines A, B and C. It can be seen that the line A at the lower end of the anchoring length L v at 10 opens into the tension channel 3; the line B in the border area between the anchoring length L v and the span length L s at 11 and the line C slightly below the upper end of the tension channel 3.
  • Embodiment is the manufacture of a structural part that is kept floating in sea water, precautionary measures must be taken to ensure that the tension channel 3 does not fill with sea water that has aggressive properties and is corrosive both to the cladding tube 2 forming the tension channel 3 and also can act on the tendon 4 to be introduced later.
  • the tensioning channel 3 is therefore initially filled with fresh water, which is indicated in FIG. 5b.
  • the tensioning member 4 is then lowered into the tensioning channel 3 filled with fresh water, as shown in FIG. 5c; it is provided at its lower end in the manner shown in FIG. 1 with means 8 for additional anchoring and anchored at the upper end in an armature disk 12 in a manner known per se.
  • the tensioning channel 3 is closed at its upper end in the area of the anchor device by a cover cap 13 to which a line D is connected.
  • hardening material 14 is now injected through the line A into the tensioning channel 3, which fills it up from the bottom.
  • Lines C and D are closed, so that the fresh water filling the tensioning channel 3 escapes through line B.
  • the tensioning channel 3 is then completely filled over the region of the anchoring length L v when the hardening material 14 emerges at the upper end of the line B.
  • the injection is then stopped and line A is closed at the top.
  • the tendon 4 can be tensioned (FIG. 5g).
  • a hydraulic press 16 is used for this purpose, which is placed on the armature disk 12 in a manner known per se. The individual elements are then anchored in the armature disk 12 in a manner known per se.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bündelspannglied großer Länge für Spannbeton mit nachträglichem Verbund aus einer Mehrzahl von Einzelelementen, wie Stahlstäben, -drähten oder -drahtlitzen mit Endverankerungen, das in einen in einem Bauwerksteil z.B. durch Einbau eines Hüllrohrs vorbereiteten, vertikal oder geneigt verlaufenden und nur an einem Ende zugänglichen Spannkanal einführbar und an diesem Ende mittels einer eine Ankerscheibe aufweisenden Ankervorrichtung gegenüber dem Bauwerksteil abstützbar ist, sowie ein Verfahren zu seinem Einbau.The invention relates to a bundle tendon of great length for prestressed concrete with a subsequent composite consisting of a plurality of individual elements, such as steel rods, wires or wire strands with end anchors, which is integrated in a structural part e.g. prepared by installing a cladding tube that runs vertically or at an angle and can only be accessed at one end and can be supported at this end by means of an anchor device having an anchor plate relative to the structural part, and a method for its installation.

Insbesondere im Offshore-Bereich besteht oft die Notwendigkeit, vergleichsweise hohe Bauwerksteile, z.B. vom Meeresboden bis über den Wasserspiegel hinausreichende Gründungselemente für Plattformen oder dergleichen in Spannbeton auszuführen. üblicherweise werden solche Gründungselemente zunächst in einem Dock, dann in entsprechender Wassertiefe schwimmend im Wege der Gleitbauweise hergestellt, wobei das betreffende Bauwerksteil im Maß seines Emporwachsens in die Tiefe sinkt. Im Zuge der Gleitbauweise können zwar schlaffe Bewehrungen und auch Hüllrohre zur Bildung von Spannkanälen eingebaut werden; die Spannglieder selbst können aber grundsätzlich erst nach Fertigstellung der Bauwerksteile selbst auf ganze Länge eingeführt, gespannt und verankert werden.In the offshore sector in particular, there is often a need to build comparatively high structural parts, e.g. Execute foundation elements for platforms or the like in prestressed concrete from the sea floor to above the water level. Typically, such foundation elements are first produced in a dock, then floating in the appropriate water depth using the sliding construction method, with the building component in question sinking in depth as it grows. In the course of the sliding construction, slack reinforcements and cladding tubes can be installed to form tension channels; However, the tendons themselves can generally only be inserted, tensioned and anchored over their entire length after the construction parts have been completed.

Da die Abmessungen solcher Kunstbauten schon aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen optimiert, d.h. möglichst gering gehalten werden, besteht das Problem, Spannglieder, meist Bündelspannglieder, für hohe Belastungen in sehr enge Spannkanäle einzuführen, die nur von einer Seite her zugänglich sind; das andere Ende liegt nicht selten 50 m und mehr unterhalb des Meeresspiegels. Dabei muß in diesem engen Spannkanal zugleich eine zuverlässige Verankerung erreicht werden, da nachträgliche Korrekturen nicht möglich sind. Diese Verankerung darf nicht mehr Platz beanspruchen als das Spannglied selbst, da das Hüllrohr für den Spannkanal, um das Spannglied einführen zu können, grundsätzlich über die gesamte Länge mit gleichem Durchmesser durchgeführt werden muß.Since the dimensions of such structures are already optimized for economic reasons, ie are kept as small as possible, there is the problem of introducing tendons, usually bundle tendons, for high loads into very narrow tension channels that are only accessible from one side; the other end is often 50 m or more below sea level. At the same time, reliable anchoring must be achieved in this narrow clamping channel because subsequent corrections are not possible. This anchoring must not take up more space than the tendon itself, since the cladding tube for the tendon channel in order to be able to insert the tendon generally has to be carried out over the entire length with the same diameter.

Das Einführen von Zuggliedern aus Stahl in nur von einem Ende her zugängliche Hohlräume und deren Verankerung an dem nicht zugänglichen Ende ist zwar bei der Herstellung von Erd- und Felsankern grundsätzlich bekannt. Hier wird auch durch Injizieren von erhärtendem Material in der Tiefe des Bohrloches eine Verankerungsstrecke erzeugt, die der festen Verankerung des Zuggliedes dient, das dann vom luftseitigen Ende her gespannt und mittels aus dem Spannbetonbau bekannter Ankervorrichtungen verankert wird. Die freie Stahllänge zwischen der Verankerungsstrecke und der luftseitigen Ankervorrichtung bleibt grundsätzlich frei dehnbar, Ahnliche Arbeitsweisen sind auch bei der Verankerung von Bauwerken wie Stützmauern, Staumauern oder dergleichen im Boden bekannt.The introduction of tension members made of steel into cavities that are only accessible from one end and their anchoring at the inaccessible end is known in principle in the manufacture of earth and rock anchors. An anchoring section is also produced here by injecting hardening material in the depth of the borehole, which serves to firmly anchor the tension member, which is then tensioned from the air end and anchored by means of anchor devices known from prestressed concrete construction. The free length of steel between the anchoring section and the air-side anchoring device basically remains freely stretchable. Similar working methods are also known for anchoring structures such as retaining walls, dam walls or the like in the ground.

Die bei der Herstellung von Erd- und Felsankern bekannten Maßnahmen lassen sich nicht ohne weiteres auf die Herstellung von Bauwerken aus Spannbeton übertragen. Einerseits steht im Erdboden grundsätzlich genügend Platz zur Verfügung, um ausreichend große Bohrlöcher zu erzeugen, selbst wenn mit deren Durchmesser auch der Aufwand steigt. Außerdem ist es fast immer möglich, dann, wenn sich bei einer späteren Kontrolle ein Anker als nicht ausreichend tragfähig erweist, zusätzlich einen neuen Anker zu setzen. Bei Bauwerken, die den Anforderungen an Bauteile aus Spannbeton genügen müssen, ist dies grundsätzlich nicht möglich.The measures known in the manufacture of earth and rock anchors cannot simply be transferred to the manufacture of prestressed concrete structures. On the one hand, there is basically enough space in the ground to create sufficiently large boreholes, even if the effort increases with their diameter. In addition, it is almost always possible to add a new anchor if an anchor turns out to be insufficiently loadable. In principle, this is not possible for structures that have to meet the requirements for prestressed concrete components.

Dies gilt auch für ein bekanntes Verfahren zum Herstellen von Pfahlgründungen mit vorgespannten Pfählen (US-A-4 043 133). Die Spannbewehrung dieser Pfähle besteht aus einem Bündelspannglied, dessen Einzelelemente an dem in ein Bohrloch einzuführenden unteren Ende auf Einzelverankerungsabstand gespreizt in einer Ankerplatte verankert sind.This also applies to a known manufacturing process of pile foundations with prestressed piles (US-A-4 043 133). The prestressing reinforcement of these piles consists of a bundle tendon, the individual elements of which are anchored in an anchor plate at the lower end that is to be inserted into a borehole and are anchored to the individual anchoring distance.

Aus diesem Grunde hat man sich bei den eingangs geschilderten Bauaufgaben damit beholfen, die bei der Errichtung der Bauwerksteile hergestellten Spannkanäle an ihren unteren Enden mit haarnadelförmigen Umkehrstellen zu versehen, um so ein in einen solchen Spannkanal eingeführtes Spannglied an seinen beiden Enden von der Luftseite her spannen zu können. Um die Spannglieder überhaupt in solche Spannkanäle einführen zu können, sind an den Umkehrstellen große Krümmungsradien vorzusehen. Da die Spannglieder dennoch dicht nebeneinander angeordnet werden müssen, überschneiden sie sich im Bereich der Umkehrstellen; dies bedingt eine entsprechend große Dicke der Bauwerksteile. Außerdem haben Spannglieder, auch in Form von Stahldrahtlitzen, eine zwar große, aber immerhin begrenzte Länge, so daß mit solchen haarnadelförmigen Spanngliedern nur Bauteilhöhen zu erreichen sind, die maximal der halben Spanngliedlänge entsprechen. Bei größeren Bauwerkshöhen sind Zwischenstöße mit wiederum haarnadelförmig ausgebildeten Spanngliedern notwendig.For this reason, the construction tasks described at the outset have been used to provide the lower ends of the tensioning channels produced during the construction of the building parts with hairpin-shaped reversal points, so as to tension a tendon inserted into such a tensioning channel at both ends from the air side to be able to. In order to be able to insert the tendons into such tendons at all, large radii of curvature must be provided at the reversal points. Since the tendons must nevertheless be arranged close to each other, they overlap in the area of the reversal points; this requires a correspondingly large thickness of the building parts. In addition, tendons, also in the form of steel wire strands, have a large, but at least limited length, so that such hairpin-shaped tendons can only achieve component heights that correspond to a maximum of half the tendon length. At larger building heights, intermediate joints with again hairpin-shaped tendons are necessary.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, um ein Spannglied, das in einen nur an einem Ende zugänglichen Spannkanal einzubauen ist, so auszubilden und in einer solchen Weise einzubauen, daß es nicht nur auch an dem nicht zugänglichen Ende zuverlässig verankert, sondern daß die satte Ausfüllung des Spannkanals zur Herstellung des nachträglichen Verbundes auch kontrolliert werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a way to design and install a tendon, which is to be installed in a tension channel accessible only at one end, in such a way that it is reliably anchored not only at the inaccessible end, but that the full filling of the tensioning channel for the production of the subsequent bond can also be checked.

Nach der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe zunächst durch ein Spannglied gelöst, dessen Einzelelemente an dem der Ankervorrichtung gegenüberliegenden Ende des Spannglieds unmittelbar fest miteinander verbunden, z.B. verschweißt sind, und bei dem zur zusätzlichen Verankerung in dem zur Herstellung des nachträglichen Verbundes in den Spannkanal zu injizierenden erhärtenden Material im Anschluß an die Verbindung der Einzelelemente am Ende des Spannglieds über eine bestimmte Verankerungslänge auf diese und an diesen jeweils gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet metallische Hülsen z.B. im Wege des Fließpressens aufgepreßt sind.According to the invention, this object is first achieved by a tendon, the individual elements of which are directly connected to one another at the end of the tendon opposite the anchor device, e.g. are welded, and in the case of additional anchoring in the hardening material to be injected into the tensioning channel for the production of the subsequent bond following the connection of the individual elements at the end of the tendon over a certain anchoring length on these and on these staggered in each case e.g. are pressed on by extrusion.

Grundsätzlich ist es zwar aus dem Stahlbeton- und auch Spannbetonbau bekannt, den Verbund von Bewehrungselementen örtlich durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen zu verbessern, beispielsweise durch Anbringen von Rippen, Verankerungskörpern oder dergleichen. So ist es bekannt, ein Spannglied bereits werkmäßig auf seine gesamte Länge mit fest daran angebrachten, gegenüber seinem Umfang stark hervortretenden ringförmigen Erhebungen zu versehen, die auch hülsenförmig ausgebildet sein können (FR-A-22 76 438). Dadurch soll das Spannglied, das durch seine Oberflächengestalt keine ausreichenden Verbundeigenschaften hat, so ausgebildet werden, daß es auf seine gesamte Länge einen Verbund ermöglicht; zugleich soll eine Abstandhalterung erreicht werden. Schließlich ist es auch bekannt, auf ein Drahtseil, einen Stahlstab oder dergleichen eine metallische Hülse unter Verformung im Wege des Fließpressens aufzupressen (DE-B-12 71 961).Basically, it is known from reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete construction to locally improve the connection of reinforcement elements by additional measures, for example by attaching ribs, anchoring bodies or the like. It is known, for example, to provide a tendon at the factory along its entire length with ring-shaped elevations firmly attached to it, which protrude strongly from its circumference and which can also be sleeve-shaped (FR-A-22 76 438). As a result, the tendon, which does not have sufficient bond properties due to its surface shape, should be designed such that it enables a bond over its entire length; at the same time, a spacer should be achieved. Finally, it is also known to press a metallic sleeve onto a wire rope, a steel rod or the like while deforming it by means of extrusion (DE-B-12 71 961).

Im Rahmen der Erfindung hat die Anordnung der zur zusätzlichen Verankerung der Einzelelemente des Bündelspannglieds aufgepreßten Hülsen nicht am äußersten Ende des Spannglieds, sondern entlang der gesamten Verankerungsstrecke und gegeneinander versetzt den Vorteil, daß die Einzelelemente am äußersten Ende miteinander unmittelbar, also nicht unter Vermittlung von Ankervorrichtungen verschweißt werden können; dies ist notwendig, um das gesamte, oft sehr lange Spannglied auf eine Haspel aufwickeln und zuverlässig in den Spannkanal absenken zu können. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß die Mittel zur zusätzlichen Verankerung, die regelmäßig den Durchmesser der Einzelelemente vergrößern, wie z.B. aufgepreßte metallische Hülsen, zugleich Abstandhalter bilden, welche die Einzelelemente im Bereich der Verankerungslänge im Abstand voneinander halten, so daß sie satt in das zu injizierende erhärtende Material eingebettet werden können; hierdurch wird zugleich der Durchmesser des gesamten Bündelspannglieds im Bereich der Verankerungslänge minimiert. Dadurch können vergleichsweise enge Hüllrohre für den Spannkanal verwendet werden, was wiederum zu geringen Bauwerksabmessungen führt.In the context of the invention, the arrangement of the sleeves pressed on for additional anchoring of the individual elements of the bundle tendon does not have the advantage at the outermost end of the tendon, but rather along the entire anchoring distance and offset from one another that the individual elements at the outermost end together can be welded immediately, i.e. not with the help of anchor devices; this is necessary in order to be able to wind the entire, often very long tendon on a reel and lower it reliably into the tendon. Another advantage is that the means for additional anchoring, which regularly increase the diameter of the individual elements, such as pressed-on metallic sleeves, at the same time form spacers which keep the individual elements at a distance from one another in the region of the anchoring length, so that they are full in the injectable hardening material can be embedded; this also minimizes the diameter of the entire bundle tendon in the area of the anchoring length. As a result, comparatively narrow cladding tubes can be used for the tensioning channel, which in turn leads to small structural dimensions.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Einbau eines solchen Bündelspannglieds in ein Bauwerksteil mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten:

  • a) der Spannkanal wird mit Wasser gefüllt und nach dem Einführen des Spannglieds am luftseitigen Ende durch eine Kappe abgeschlossen;
  • b) mittels einer ersten, am unteren Ende der Verankerungslänge mündenden Injizierleitung wird erhärtendes Material über den Bereich der Verankerungslänge in den Spannkanal aufsteigend injiziert, wobei das dabei verdrängte Wasser durch eine zweite, am oberen Ende der Verankerungslänge mündende Spül- und Injizierleitung entweicht;
  • c) beim Injizieren etwa in den Bereich der Spannlänge eingedrungenes erhärtendes Material wird durch Spülen vom freien Ende des Spannkanals her durch die zweite Spül- und Injizierleitung entfernt;
  • d) nach dem Erhärten des injizierten Materials wird das Spannglied gespannt und am freien Ende des Spannkanals mittels der Ankervorrichtung verankert;
  • e) schließlich wird mittels der zweiten Spül- und Injizierleitung erhärtendes Material über den Bereich der Spannlänge des Spannglieds in den Spannkanal aufsteigend injiziert.
The invention further relates to a method for installing such a bundle tendon in a structural part with the following method steps:
  • a) the tensioning channel is filled with water and, after the insertion of the tendon at the air end, closed by a cap;
  • b) by means of a first injection line opening at the lower end of the anchoring length, hardening material is injected ascending over the area of the anchoring length into the tensioning channel, the water displaced thereby escaping through a second flushing and injection line opening at the upper end of the anchoring length;
  • c) hardening material which has penetrated into the region of the span length during injection is removed by rinsing from the free end of the tensioning channel through the second rinsing and injection line;
  • d) after hardening of the injected material, the tendon is tensioned and at the free end of the tensioning channel anchored by means of the anchor device;
  • e) finally, hardening material is injected into the tensioning channel ascending over the area of the tensioning length of the tensioning element by means of the second flushing and injection line.

Dabei verlaufen die Injizierleitungen zweckmäßig außerhalb des Spannkanals.The injection lines expediently run outside the tensioning channel.

Der Spülvorgang kann bis zum Beginn des Erhärtens des Materials fortgesetzt bzw. periodisch wiederholt werden.The rinsing process can continue until the material has hardened or can be repeated periodically.

Der luftseitige Verankerungsbereich kann gegebenenfalls über eine dritte, außerhalb des Spannkanals verlaufende und unterhalb der Ankervorrichtung in diesen mündende Injizierleitung mit erhärtendem Material nachinjiziert werden.The air-side anchoring area can optionally be re-injected with hardening material via a third injection line running outside the tensioning channel and opening into the anchoring device below it.

Wesentlich für die Erfindung, wenn auch nicht Bedingung, ist in diesem Zusammenhang, daß bei der Errichtung des Bauwerksteils mit den Hüllrohren zur Bildung der Spannkanäle zugleich, aber außerhalb derselben jeweils zwei Leitungen hochgeführt werden, nämlich eine vom unteren Ende und eine vom oberen Ende der Verankerungslänge aus. Durch die Verlegung dieser Leitungen außerhalb der Spannkanäle kann deren Durchmesser gering gehalten werden. Durch diese Leitungen selbst gelingen sowohl ein zuverlässiges Injizieren der Verankerungslänge und der Spannlänge mit erhärtendem Material, als auch die Kontrolle darüber, daß der Spannkanal sowohl im Bereich der Verankerungslänge, wie auch im Bereich der Spannlänge tatsächlich vollständig mit erhärtendem Material gefüllt ist. Dies sicherzustellen ist für die Herstellung von Spannbeton mit nachträglichem Verbund von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung.It is essential for the invention, if not a condition, in this context that when the construction part is constructed with the cladding tubes to form the tensioning channels at the same time, but outside of it, two lines are led up, namely one from the lower end and one from the upper end of the Anchor length. By laying these lines outside the tensioning channels, their diameter can be kept small. Through these lines themselves, a reliable injection of the anchoring length and the span length with hardening material is achieved, as well as the control that the tensioning channel is actually completely filled with hardening material both in the area of the anchoring length and in the area of the span length. Ensuring this is of crucial importance for the production of prestressed concrete with a subsequent bond.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 einen zweifach unterbrochenen Längsschnitt durch ein Bauwerksteil, z.B. eine Wand, mit in einen Spannkanal eingeführtem Spannglied,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Abwicklung der Einzelelemente des Spannglieds im Bereich der Verankerungslänge,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1 sowie die
  • Fig. 5a bis i in jeweils schematischer Darstellung aufeinanderfolgende Arbeitszustände bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 shows a double interrupted longitudinal section through a structural part, for example a wall, with a tendon inserted into a tensioning channel,
  • 2 shows a schematic development of the individual elements of the tendon in the region of the anchoring length,
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section along the line III-III in Fig. 1 and
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1 as well as the
  • 5a to i each show a schematic representation of successive working states when carrying out the method according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch eine Wand 1, z.B. eine Zellenwand eines aus mehreren Zellen bestehenden Bauwerks aus Stahlbeton dargestellt. Dabei ist angenommen, daß sich die Wand am unteren Ende auf den Meeresboden oder auf ein Fundament gründet, während das obere Ende sich oberhalb des Wasserspiegels befindet; die Höhe des Bauwerks kann 85 m und mehr betragen.In Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a wall 1, e.g. a cell wall of a multi-cell structure made of reinforced concrete is shown. It is assumed that the wall at the lower end is based on the sea floor or on a foundation, while the upper end is above the water level; the height of the structure can be 85 m and more.

Im Inneren des Bauwerksteils 1 ist durch ein in dieses eingebettetes Hüllrohr 2 ein Spannkanal 3 gebildet, in den ein Bündelspannglied 4 eingesetzt ist. Das Bündelspannglied 4 ist in der Darstellung der Fig. 1 nur aus drei Einzelelementen 5 bestehend dargestellt; es besteht tasächlich aus einer größeren, grundsätzlich beliebigen Anzahl von Einzelelementen, im Beispiel der Fig. 2 bis 4 aus neunzehn Elementen 5, z.B. Stahldrahtlitzen. Neben der Spannbewehrung in Form solcher Spannglieder 4 umfaßt das Bauwerksteil 1 noch eine schlaffe Bewehrung 6, die in Fig. 1 lediglich entlang der Außenwand angedeutet ist.In the interior of the building part 1, a tensioning channel 3 is formed by a cladding tube 2 embedded therein, into which a bundle tendon 4 is inserted. The bundle tendon 4 is shown in the illustration of FIG. 1 consisting of only three individual elements 5; it actually consists of a larger, basically any number of individual elements, in the example of FIGS. 2 to 4 of nineteen elements 5, e.g. Steel wire strands. In addition to the prestressing reinforcement in the form of such tendons 4, the structural part 1 also includes a flaccid reinforcement 6, which is only indicated along the outer wall in FIG. 1.

Die Einzelelemente 5 sind, wie Fig. 4 zeigt, am unteren Ende 7 in dichter Lage zueinander miteinander verschweißt. In dem darüberliegenden, die Verankerungslänge Lv bildenden Bereich sind sie mit Mitteln 8 zur örtlich konzentrierten Krafteinleitung versehen. Diese Mittel 8 sind zweckmäßigerweise auf die einzelnen Stahldrahtlitzen im Wege des Fließpressens aufgepreßte metallische Hülsen; sie sind, wie insbesondere Fig. 2 zeigt, in gleichen Abständen l voneinander gruppenweise zusammengefaßt, um sie über die Verankerungslänge Lv möglichst gleichmäßig zu verteilen. In diesem Bereich ist das Bündel aus den Einzelelementen 5 z.B. durch eine Umwicklung 9 (Fig. 3) fixiert.The individual elements 5, as shown in FIG. 4, are welded to one another in a tight position at the lower end 7. In the area above which forms the anchoring length L v , they are provided with means 8 for the locally concentrated application of force. These means 8 are expediently pressed onto the individual steel wire strands by means of extrusion; as shown in FIG. 2 in particular, they are grouped together at equal distances l from one another in order to distribute them as evenly as possible over the anchoring length L v . The bundle of the individual elements 5 is fixed in this area, for example by a wrapping 9 (FIG. 3).

Innerhalb des Bauwerksteils 1, aber außerhalb des Spannkanals 3 sind parallel zu diesem schlauchartige Leitungen hochgeführt, und zwar eine Injizierleitung A, die am unteren Ende der Verankerungslänge Lv bei 10 in den Spannkanal 3 mündet und eine Spül- und Injizierleitung B, die etwa an der Grenze zwischen der Verankerungslänge Lv und der darüberliegenden Spannlänge Ls bei 11 in den Spannkanal 3 mündet. Eine weitere Leitung C führt von der Luftseite her in den Bereich des Spannkanals 3 unterhalb der Ankervorrichtung 12; eine vierte Leitung D ist an eine Abdeckkappe 13 angeschlossen, mit der der Spannkanal 3 im Bereich der Ankervorrichtung 12 während des Bauzustandes zeitweise verschlossen werden kann. Wenn der Durchmesser des Hüllrohres 2 entsprechend groß gewählt werden kann, ist es grundsätzlich auch möglich, die Leitungen A und B innerhalb des Spannkanals 3 zu führen.Inside the building part 1, but outside the tensioning channel 3, hose-like lines are led up parallel to this, namely an injection line A, which opens at 10 at the lower end of the anchoring length L v into the tensioning channel 3, and a flushing and injection line B, which approximately the boundary between the anchoring length L v and the overlying span length L s at 11 opens into the tension channel 3. Another line C leads from the air side into the area of the tensioning channel 3 below the anchor device 12; a fourth line D is connected to a cover cap 13, with which the tensioning channel 3 in the area of the anchor device 12 can be temporarily closed during construction. If the diameter of the cladding tube 2 can be chosen to be correspondingly large, it is in principle also possible to route the lines A and B within the tensioning channel 3.

Wie im einzelnen beim Einbau des Spanngliedes verfahren wird, wie dieses gespannt und in Verbund mit dem Bauwerksteil gebracht wird, wird nachstehend anhand der schematisch einige Arbeitsphasen symbolisierenden Darstellungen der Fig. 5a bis i erläutert.How to proceed in detail during the installation of the tendon, how this is tensioned and brought into connection with the structural part, is explained below with the aid of the schematically symbolizing some working phases of the representations of FIGS. 5a to i.

Fig. 5a zeigt schematisch den Bauzustand nach der Herstellung des Spannkanals 3 mit den Injektionsleitungen A, B und C. Es ist erkennbar, daß die Leitung A am unteren Ende der Verankerungslänge Lv bei 10 in den Spannkanal 3 mündet; die Leitung B im Grenzbereich zwischen der Verankerungslänge Lv und der Spannlänge Ls bei 11 und die Leitung C etwas unterhalb des oberen Endes des Spannkanals 3.Fig. 5a shows schematically the state of construction after the production of the tension channel 3 with the injection lines A, B and C. It can be seen that the line A at the lower end of the anchoring length L v at 10 opens into the tension channel 3; the line B in the border area between the anchoring length L v and the span length L s at 11 and the line C slightly below the upper end of the tension channel 3.

Wenn es sich wie bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel um die Herstellung eines Bauwerksteils handelt, das schwimmend im Meerwasser gehalten ist, muß Vorsorge dagegen getroffen werden, daß der Spannkanal 3 sich nicht etwa mit Meerwasser füllt, das aggressive Eigenschaften hat und korrodierend sowohl auf das den Spannkanal 3 bildende Hüllrohr 2, wie auch auf das später einzuführende Spannglied 4 wirken kann. Der Spannkanal 3 wird deshalb zunächst mit Süßwasser gefüllt, was in Fig. 5b angedeutet ist. In den mit Süßwasser gefüllten Spannkanal 3 wird dann gemäß Fig. 5c das Spannglied 4 abgesenkt; es ist an seinem unteren Ende in der aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Weise mit Mitteln 8 zur zusätzlichen Verankerung versehen und am oberen Ende in einer Ankerscheibe 12 in an sich bekannter Weise verankert. In diesem Bauzustand wird der Spannkanal 3 an seinem oberen Ende im Bereich der Ankervorrichtung durch eine Abdeckkappe 13 verschlossen, an die eine Leitung D angeschlossen ist.If it is like the one described here Embodiment is the manufacture of a structural part that is kept floating in sea water, precautionary measures must be taken to ensure that the tension channel 3 does not fill with sea water that has aggressive properties and is corrosive both to the cladding tube 2 forming the tension channel 3 and also can act on the tendon 4 to be introduced later. The tensioning channel 3 is therefore initially filled with fresh water, which is indicated in FIG. 5b. The tensioning member 4 is then lowered into the tensioning channel 3 filled with fresh water, as shown in FIG. 5c; it is provided at its lower end in the manner shown in FIG. 1 with means 8 for additional anchoring and anchored at the upper end in an armature disk 12 in a manner known per se. In this construction state, the tensioning channel 3 is closed at its upper end in the area of the anchor device by a cover cap 13 to which a line D is connected.

In dem in Fig. 5d dargestellten Bauzustand wird nun durch die Leitung A erhärtendes Material 14 in den Spannkanal 3 injiziert, das diesen vom Grunde her aufsteigend ausfüllt. Die Leitungen C und D sind geschlossen, so daß das den Spannkanal 3 ausfüllende Süßwasser durch die Leitung B entweicht. Der Spannkanal 3 ist dann über den Bereich der Verankerungslänge Lv vollständig gefüllt, wenn das erhärtende Material 14 am oberen Ende der Leitung B austritt. Die Injektion wird dann beendet und die Leitung A am oberen Ende geschlossen.In the construction state shown in FIG. 5d, hardening material 14 is now injected through the line A into the tensioning channel 3, which fills it up from the bottom. Lines C and D are closed, so that the fresh water filling the tensioning channel 3 escapes through line B. The tensioning channel 3 is then completely filled over the region of the anchoring length L v when the hardening material 14 emerges at the upper end of the line B. The injection is then stopped and line A is closed at the top.

Im nächsten Arbeitsgang (Fig. 5e) wird über die Leitung D Süßwasser eingepreßt (Pfeil 15), durch das zunächst das noch in der Leitung B verbliebene erhärtende Material 14 ausgespült und der Spannkanal 3 bis unter die Ebene der Mündung 11 der Leitung B freigespült wird. Damit ist sichergestellt, daß einerseits die erforderliche Verankerungslänge Lv erreicht wird, daß andererseits aber auch die Leitung B für die später erfolgende Injektion der Spannlänge Ls wieder zur Verfügung steht. Dieser Spülvorgang wird fortgesetzt, bis das Material 14 erhärtet ist, um sicherzustellen, daß nicht durch Nachsacken von Resten die Mündung 11 der Leitung B in den Spannkanal 3 etwa wieder zugesetzt wird. Dabei kann es zweckmäßig sein, mehrere nebeneinander gelegene Spannkanäle 3 in der aus Fig. 5f angedeuteten Weise miteinander zu verbinden. Durch eine ovale Form der Austrittsöffnungen der Leitungen A und B in den Spannkanal, etwa in Gestalt eines Langloches, kann gewährleistet werden, daß selbst bei Absetzen des erhärtenden Materials der Durchgang offen bleibt.In the next step (FIG. 5e), fresh water is injected via line D (arrow 15), through which the hardening material 14 still remaining in line B is first rinsed out and the tensioning channel 3 is flushed out below the level of the mouth 11 of line B. . This ensures that on the one hand the required anchoring length L v is reached, but on the other hand Line B is also available again for the later injection of the span length L s . This rinsing process is continued until the material 14 has hardened to ensure that the mouth 11 of the line B into the tensioning channel 3 is not added again by sagging of residues. It may be expedient to connect a plurality of tensioning channels 3 located next to one another in the manner indicated in FIG. 5f. An oval shape of the outlet openings of the lines A and B into the tensioning channel, for example in the form of an elongated hole, can ensure that the passage remains open even when the hardening material is deposited.

Nach dem Erhärten des Injektionsmaterials 14 kann das Spannglied 4 gespannt werden (Fig. 5g). Hierzu dient eine hydraulische Presse 16, die in an sich bekannter Weise auf die Ankerscheibe 12 aufgesetzt wird. Die Einzelelemente werden dann in ebenfalls an sich bekannter Weise in der Ankerscheibe 12 verankert.After the injection material 14 has hardened, the tendon 4 can be tensioned (FIG. 5g). A hydraulic press 16 is used for this purpose, which is placed on the armature disk 12 in a manner known per se. The individual elements are then anchored in the armature disk 12 in a manner known per se.

Nach Abschluß der Spannarbeiten wird wieder eine Abdeckkappe 13′ aufgesetzt und durch die Leitung B nunmehr in umgekehrter Richtung erhärtendes Material 14 vom Grunde der Spannlänge Ls an aufsteigend injiziert, bis es nacheinander aus den Leitungen C und D austritt (Fig. 5h). Zur Vermeidung des Absetzens von Wasser aus dem Injektionsmaterial kann nach Schließen der Leitung B am oberen Ende gegebenenfalls durch die Leitung C erhärtendes Material 14 nachinjiziert werden (Fig. 5i). Durch die am höchsten Punkt der Abdeckkappe 13′ austretende Leitung D kann sichergestellt werden, daß der gesamte Spannkanal 3 bis einschließlich des Bereiches der Ankervorrichtung 12 satt mit erhärtendem Material 14 gefüllt ist.After completion of the tensioning work, a cover cap 13 'is placed again and material 14 is now injected through the line B in the opposite direction, hardening material 14 from the base of the span length L s until it emerges in succession from the lines C and D (FIG. 5h). To prevent water from settling out of the injection material, after line B has been closed, material 14 which is hardening through line C may be re-injected at the upper end (FIG. 5i). By the highest point of the cap 13 'emerging line D can be ensured that the entire tensioning channel 3 up to and including the area of the anchor device 12 is filled with hardening material 14.

Claims (5)

1. A stranded tensioning member (4) of great length for prestressed concrete with subsequent bonding, comprising a plurality of individual elements (5), such as steel rods, wires or wire strands, having end anchorings, which member can be inserted into a tensioning duct (3) in a structural part (1), which is prepared, for example, by installing a sheath tube (2), which extends vertically or at an inclination and which is accessible only at one end, and at this end can be supported relative to the structural part (1) by means of an anchor device (12) having an anchor disc, characterised in that at the end (7) of the tensioning member (4) situated opposite the anchor device (12) the individual elements (5) are securely and directly connected to one another, for example welded, and in that for additional anchoring in the material (14) which hardens and which is to be injected into the tensioning duct (3) so as to effect the subsequent bonding, following the connection of the individual elements (5), metal bushes (8) are pressed on to these elements, for example by an extrusion process, at the end (7) of the tensioning member (4) over a given anchoring length (Lv), which bushes are each arranged offset relative to one another on these elements.
2. A method of installing a stranded tensioning member according to Claim 1 in a tensioning duct accessible only at one end, characterised by the following method steps:
a) the tensioning duct (3) is filled with water and after insertion of the tensioning member (4) at the external end it is sealed by a cap (13) (Figure 5c);
b) hardening material (14) is injected upwards into the tensioning duct (3) over the region of the tensioning length (Lv) by means of a first injection line (A) discharging at the bottom end of the anchoring length (Lv), the water thus displaced escaping through a second flushing and injection line (B) discharging at the upper end of the anchoring length (Lv) (Figure 5d);
c) as the hardening material, which has penetrated approximately into the region of the tensioning length (Ls), is injected it is removed by being flushed from the free end of the tensioning duct (3) through the second flushing and injection line (B) (Figure 5e);
d) after the hardening of the injected material (14), the tensioning member (4) is tensioned and is anchored at the free end of the tensioning duct (3) by means of the anchor device (12) (Figure 5g);
e) finally, by means of the second flushing and injection line (B), hardening material (14) is injected upwards into the tensioning duct (3) over the region of the tensioning length (Ls) of the tensioning member (4) (Figure 5h).
3. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the injection lines (A, B) are directed outside the tensioning duct (3).
4. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the flushing operation is continued or periodically repeated until the material (14) begins to harden.
5. A method according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the external anchoring region is reinjected with hardening material (14) via a third injection line (C) extending outside the tensioning duct (3) and discharging into said duct below the anchor device (12).
EP89111441A 1988-07-19 1989-06-23 Great length pre-stressing strand for prestressed concrete with grouted anchoring, and method for installing it Expired - Lifetime EP0351582B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3824394A DE3824394C2 (en) 1988-07-19 1988-07-19 Method of installing a bundle tendon of great length for prestressed concrete with subsequent bonding
DE3824394 1988-07-19

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EP0351582A1 EP0351582A1 (en) 1990-01-24
EP0351582B1 true EP0351582B1 (en) 1992-06-17

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EP (1) EP0351582B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1312738C (en)
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DE58901676D1 (en) 1992-07-23
CA1312738C (en) 1993-01-19
US5056284A (en) 1991-10-15
DE3824394A1 (en) 1990-01-25
EP0351582A1 (en) 1990-01-24
NO892746D0 (en) 1989-07-03
NO892746L (en) 1990-01-22
DE3824394C2 (en) 1995-05-04

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