EP0349942B1 - Hydraulic steel prop - Google Patents

Hydraulic steel prop Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0349942B1
EP0349942B1 EP89112065A EP89112065A EP0349942B1 EP 0349942 B1 EP0349942 B1 EP 0349942B1 EP 89112065 A EP89112065 A EP 89112065A EP 89112065 A EP89112065 A EP 89112065A EP 0349942 B1 EP0349942 B1 EP 0349942B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
piston
tube
prop
valve
pressure chamber
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EP89112065A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0349942A1 (en
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Martha-Catharina Heiliger
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D15/00Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
    • E21D15/14Telescopic props
    • E21D15/44Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic steel pit ram with a lower ram consisting essentially of an outer cylinder tube with a cylinder base on the one hand and a collar, on the other hand, and an upper ram guided coaxially displaceably in the lower ram by at least one guide ring consisting essentially of a cylinder tube, which on the one hand Piston sealed and guided against the inner wall of the outer cylinder tube and on the other hand has a stamp head, as well as with a setting and pirate valve, an inner extension limit and a return spring, the outer and inner cylinder tubes each with their front ends of corresponding lugs and front grooves of collar or piston on the one hand and stamp head or cylinder base on the other hand is sealed and sealed at least on the piston, stamp head and cylinder base and wherein a tensile forces z between these two components receiving element is provided.
  • a pit stamp of the type described above has become known, for example, from DE-A-26 31 492. Such pit stamps have proven themselves with regard to their functionality. Steel pit stamps per se are known in numerous construction variants. Because of their heavy weight, attempts have already been made to manufacture such pit stamps from light metal. Such pit stamps made of light metal, however, cannot be used wherever there is a risk of striking weather, because light strikes on the light metal pipes can cause sparks, which can then trigger a gas explosion. In addition, such pit stamps made of light metal are also about twice as expensive as corresponding steel pit stamps.
  • an outer cylinder tube is connected to a cylinder base or stamp foot by mechanical means such as clamping sleeves. Near the stamp foot at the bottom of the outer A separate piston, which is supported on the inside of the plunger base, is then provided as a seal. Since this outer cylinder tube serves as a liner for the inner piston of the inner cylinder tube, it is usually machined precisely by drilling out and subsequent grinding or honing. It can also be surface-treated in a manner known per se, for example with cadmium or zinc. In the head area of the outer punch tube, a groove is screwed in in order to hold the collar ring arranged there with a handle via a groove wire which is inserted into the corresponding groove.
  • the flange ring also has the task of forming an extension stop for the inner cylinder tube.
  • a stop sleeve is inserted between the inner cylinder tube and the outer cylinder tube, which is carried along by the piston of the inner cylinder tube during the extension movement.
  • the stop sleeve comes to rest against the stop surface of the collar ring, which in turn represents a second guide for the inner cylinder tube, when the inner cylinder tube is more or less extended, as a result of which it is not possible to extend the inner cylinder tube further.
  • the collar must now absorb the entire axial force generated by the punch and transmit it to the outer cylinder tube via the grooved wire.
  • the outer cylinder tube must be thicker by the depth of the groove than would be necessary for reasons of strength. Since the cylindrical running surfaces also have to be treated galvanically, high-strength steel alloys cannot be used because they become hydrogen embrittled as a result of the galvanic treatment. Since high-strength alloys cannot be used, a correspondingly large wall thickness must be provided due to the load that occurs (pressures of approx. 400 bar occur in the outer cylinder tube), which creates a corresponding weight. It should be borne in mind that the transport and installation of such pit stamps is done exclusively by hand in practice.
  • the inner stop sleeve can easily crust over, making it impossible to push the stamp tubes together.
  • this sleeve moves with the retraction and extension of the inner stamp, damage to the surface protection of the inner surface of the outer stamp is also inevitable.
  • the stamp head of the inner stamp tube and the piston of the inner stamp tube are connected to one another with a tubular hollow body that absorbs tensile forces.
  • a tension spring is arranged in the interior of this tubular hollow body, which connects the stamp head to the stamp base and which, when the pressure is released, retracts the extended inner stamp tube.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a hydraulic steel pit ram of the type described in the introduction, which is cheaper to manufacture and easier to handle. It should be easier to repair and allow cheaper storage. It should also be lighter with the same support force and length and less prone to failure due to dirt. In addition, it should be possible to manufacture it on site in the length required for the respective need.
  • a further tension element arranged coaxially to the cylinder tubes is fastened to the cylinder base and extends as a holding rod through the piston and has a retaining element in the region of the free end, being coaxial a compression spring is arranged as a return spring to the tension element, which is supported on the one hand on the holding element and on the other hand on the element absorbing tensile forces or on the piston or a component connected to the element or the piston and the connection between the setting and pirate valve on the one hand and the pressure chamber on the other hand alternatively via Cylinder base can be done.
  • the construction according to the invention thus has an inner stop which forms the extension limit.
  • the collar arranged on the outer cylinder tube is thus completely load-free in any load situation of the punch and no longer has to serve as a stop, as a result of which the groove for the grooved wire can be omitted, so that the wall thickness of both the inner and the outer cylinder tube can be chosen to be thinner.
  • any welding is also not necessary, high-strength steel alloys can be used, which allow a further reduction in the wall thickness of the inner tube and the outer tube. This is particularly true when there is no need for galvanic coating of the cylinder surfaces, which is possible with such high-strength steel alloys. This is possible in particular because the inner stop sleeve can be dispensed with, so that the risk of scoring is minimized.
  • the wall thicknesses of the cylinder tubes can be kept thinner, which makes the stamp lighter.
  • the stamp tubes are on their respective front ends only placed on corresponding approaches or inserted into corresponding grooves. They are no longer welded there or fastened with a grooved wire, but simply sealed. This sealing can take place, for example, with an inner and, if necessary, an outer O-ring. However, it is preferably carried out with the highly effective liquid seals known today, which cure at room temperature and remain absolutely leak-tight even at the highest pressures. This simple insertion of the cylinder tubes with simple sealing is possible because in the stamps according to the invention, significant tensile loads no longer have to be taken over by the cylinder tubes.
  • the stamp in its individual parts without a cylinder tube and as a cylinder tube, correspondingly pre-processed and if necessary also surface-treated tubes, as long as it is not a galvanic treatment, to be available and / or supplied by the meter. If a steel pit stamp is to be produced for a certain expansion height, then it is only necessary to cut the cylinder tubes, which are available by the meter, to a suitable length, e.g. by sawing them off, deburring them at the saw cuts and simply assembling them with the associated end components and z. B. to seal over the liquid seal.
  • Any welding work or the incorporation of a groove for a grooved wire is not necessary and the associated distortion of the tube or the additional processing and weakening of the tube is avoided. Damage to the treated surface is also avoided. The damage in the cutting area caused by cutting the pipe to length disappears in the seal and is therefore harmless.
  • a steel pit stamp according to Figure 1 is essentially formed by an outer cylinder tube 1, which is inserted with its lower end face in a corresponding end face groove of a cylinder bottom 14 'and sealed there with a liquid seal 5. If necessary, transverse holding screws 23 can be provided as a simple mechanical securing device. However, these cannot and should not transmit any significant mechanical loads.
  • the cylinder bottom 14 ' is in on usually used in a so-called.
  • Stamp base 25 which is fastened, for example, via clamping sleeves, of which only the bores 46 are shown, to the cylinder base 14 '.
  • a collar 16 is placed over a simple centering approach, which can also be divided.
  • This collar 16 has an inner guide ring 12 for an inner cylinder tube 2 and a dirt scraper 17 associated therewith.
  • An inner cylinder tube 2 is guided by this collar ring 16 in the outer cylinder tube 1 so as to be longitudinally displaceable via the guide ring 12 arranged on the collar ring 16.
  • the inner cylinder tube 2 has a piston 9 at its front end. This has a receiving attachment, not designated in more detail, with which it is inserted into the interior of the tube 2.
  • the end face of the cylinder tube 2 comes to rest at the end of the mentioned approach of the piston 9.
  • connection area of the inner cylinder tube 2 with the piston 9 can in turn — preferably by means of a liquid seal — simply be sealed.
  • the piston 9 is guided over a guide ring 12 'and sealed via a piston sealing ring 10.
  • valve housing 24 At the outer end face of the inner cylinder tube 2, this is inserted into an end groove of a valve housing 24, which is not designated in any more detail, and there in turn — preferably sealed with a liquid seal 5-.
  • a setting and robbery valve 21 which is also known per se, is inserted in a manner known per se.
  • the valve housing 24 is also formed in a manner known per se on its upper side so that it can receive a stamp head 4 there, which can be connected in a conventional manner to the valve housing 24 and can be supported on the valve housing 24, so that the supporting force via the Stamp head 4 and the valve housing 24 is transferred into the inner cylinder tube 2.
  • valve housing 24 On the inside of the valve housing 24 there is a bore, not designated in any more detail, which runs coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the steel pit ram, is connected to the bore for the setting valve 21 and is threaded at its end pointing into the interior of the cylinder. Screwed into this thread is a tube 3, which is sealed in this thread area in a manner not shown in such a way that a pressure which builds up inside the tube 3 cannot propagate to the outside thereof.
  • the tube 3 is passed through a correspondingly coaxial and unspecified bore of the piston 9 and connected there via a threaded nut 13, which can be designed as a lock nut or hole nut.
  • the threaded nut 13 is supported with its inner flat surface on the corresponding counter surface of a depression of the piston 9 and is also sealed in this area, so that a pressure building up in the pressure chamber 26 cannot continue in this area to the outside of the tube 3 .
  • the tube 3 has on its inside a stop ring 11 against which a helical compression spring 6 is supported at the end. This spiral compression spring extends into the interior of the tube 3, so that one could also refer to this tube 3 as a spring guide tube.
  • the tube 3 connects the valve housing 24 and thus the punch head 4 to the piston 9, so that tensile forces occurring between these parts are absorbed by the tube 3.
  • the pipe 3 does not absorb pressure forces. Rather, these are taken up by the cylinder tube 2.
  • the spiral compression spring 6 is supported at its second end on a holding element 8 which is arranged at the inner free end of a tension element 7 designed as a rod.
  • the second end of the tension element 7 is passed through a corresponding bore in the cylinder base 14 'through this cylinder base and held securely in this position via a locking ring 47 against pulling out.
  • a seal 48 arranged on the inside ensures that the pressure in the pressure chamber 26 does not continue to the outside at this point can.
  • the valve 21 In the opposite direction, that is, when the punch is to be extended to support the hanging part, the valve 21 is moved into the setting position, so that the pressure medium — generally simple water — from the valve 21 into the interior of the tube 3 and from there into the pressure chamber 26 can flow.
  • the piston 9 and thus the cylinder tube 2 with its outer structures are extended until the stamp head 4 comes to rest.
  • the compression spring 6 moves onto the block, preventing a further extension movement.
  • Tensile loads on the outer cylinder tube 1 or on the collar 16 do not occur.
  • a stop sleeve between the inner cylinder tube 2 and the outer cylinder tube 1 is not required. Corresponding surface damage from such a bushing is avoided.
  • a handle 18 arranged on the outer surface 27 of the outer cylinder tube 1 is divided in a manner not shown but is known per se and can therefore be clamped on the outer surface 27 or moved thereon.
  • the internal structure of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is almost identical to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Reference can therefore be made to the previous description of FIG. 1.
  • the valve housing for the valve 21 is formed by a part 18 'of the handle arranged on the outer surface 27 of the outer cylinder tube 1 according to the embodiment of Figure 2.
  • the valve 21 is then connected to a connecting piece 20 via a high-pressure hose 19 connected to the part 18 'in a pressure-tight manner, which is formed as an outer cam on the cylinder base 14.
  • FIG. 3 again shows a stamp which is identical in its essential characteristics to the stamp according to FIG. 1.
  • the piston 9 has a pressure relief valve 15 which is often also referred to as a working valve and which has an inlet via a bore 30 with the pressure chamber 26 and an outlet via a bore 31 with the intermediate space 28 between the outer cylinder tube 1 and inner cylinder tube 2 is connected.
  • the mouth of the bore 31 lies above the piston sealing ring 10, so that unhindered access to the space 28 mentioned is possible.
  • the collar 16 has at least one relief bore 29 which on the one hand opens into the intermediate space 28 and on the other hand leads freely into the ambient air.
  • the pressure relief valve 15 described on the piston 9 ' usually has the function of overloading the plunger retracting the inner cylinder tube 2 by an amount which is suitable for reducing the overload, thereby allowing 15 pressure by means of the pressure relief valve of the pressure medium is reduced by correspondingly releasing the pressure medium from the pressure chamber 26.
  • the special arrangement and connection according to FIG. 3 now makes it possible to discharge the excess pressure of the pressure chamber 26 via the bore 30 through the pressure relief valve 15 and the outlet bore 31 into the intermediate space 28 and thus to flush the water which is usually used as the pressure medium into this intermediate space 28 and so that this space can be washed free of dirt particles at the same time.
  • the water emerging from the bore 31 can then leave the intermediate space 28 via the relief bore 29.
  • This cleaning process can not only occur when the stamp is overloaded, but can be deliberately forced by moving the pressure medium to overpressure. This makes active cleaning of the intermediate space 28 possible for the first time.
  • Figure 4 now shows a stamp with the structure of Figure 2.
  • the pressure relief valve 15 is provided in the same arrangement and function as described for Figure 3.
  • One part is designed as a tube end plate 39 and, like the pistons 9 and 9 ', is connected at the end face to the inner cylinder tube 2 via a seal 5.
  • This tube end plate 39 has a concentric bore with a thread, into which the tube 3 with a corresponding and not closer screwed in designated thread and sealed there.
  • a stop element 40 which serves as the actual piston, is screwed to this tube end plate 39 on the end face facing the pressure chamber 26 by means of screws 49. These screws 49 are of course sealed so that no pressure from the pressure chamber 26 can reach the outside of the tube 3 and thus the interior 38. In principle, this would not be harmful, but would mean that 38 pressure medium, ie usually water, is located in this space, which would unnecessarily increase the total weight.
  • the stop element 40 has a central bore 45 which is slightly smaller in diameter than the inside diameter of the tube 3, so that the spiral compression spring, which is in turn arranged in the tube 3, can be supported with its front end in the region of the central bore 45 on the stop element 40 .
  • the stop element 40 has a depression 41 with a bottom 42.
  • the safety valve 32 is inserted so deep into an unspecified bore in the bottom 42 that it does not protrude beyond the upper edge 43 of the depression 41. This ensures that when the piston 37 rests below on the cylinder bottom 14 ', the corresponding load does not have to be taken up by the safety valve 32.
  • the safety valve 32 is connected to the intermediate space 28 via a bore 33.
  • the bore 33 is guided above a guide ring 12 and a piston sealing ring 10 of the stop element 40 into the intermediate space 28, so that hydraulic fluid can escape unhindered there.
  • the inlet side of the safety valve 32 connected to the pressure chamber 26 is not shown in detail and is provided on the valve itself.
  • the safety valve 32 has a cam 34 for its actuation, which with an unspecified wheel on the outer surface of a traction element designed as a rod or tube 7 ' is present, the safety valve 32 being closed in this system.
  • the tension element 7 ' can in turn be essentially designed in the same way as the tension element 7 according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the spiral compression spring 6 moved onto the block when the plunger was fully extended and thus the tension element 7 loaded with the entire stamp support force on train, such a load on the tension element 7 'and on the spiral compression spring 6 no longer occurs in the embodiment according to FIG.
  • the tension element 7 ' namely has an annular groove 35 which is provided axially in such a position that when the punch is extended so far that the coil compression spring is just before the block position, the cam 34 falls into the annular groove 35 and thus the safety valve 32 opens.
  • the pressure chamber 26 is thereby relieved of pressure and the pressure medium is blown out through the bore 33 into the intermediate space 28 and from there, for example via relief bores 29 in the collar 16. This makes a further extension of the cylinder impossible and the tension element 7 'therefore only has to absorb the tensile load resulting from the relatively low spring force of the spiral compression spring 6.
  • the tension element 7 'as a tube which is inserted with its end face facing the cylinder base 14' into a corresponding depression of the cylinder base 14 'and sealed there. In this area, it can have an internal thread, not specified. In this internal thread is inserted from the outside through the cylinder base 14 'threaded plug 44, which thus holds the tension element 7' axially.
  • the tension element 7 'designed as a tube can also be open on its free end face and have transverse bores 36, so that pressure exerted by the pressure medium of the pressure chamber 26 on the tension element 7' is avoided.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 6 represents a variant in which the return spring, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5, is designed as a tension spring.
  • This embodiment corresponds in its essential structure to the structure of the stamp described in FIG. 5. It is in the embodiment of Figure 6 however, instead of the tension element 7 'according to FIG. 5, a tube 51 is used which, like the tension element 7' according to FIG. 5, protrudes through the piston 37 into the tube 3. Except for the spring, the rest of the structure of the device according to FIG. 6 is the same as the structure of the device according to FIG. 5.
  • the return spring in contrast to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5
  • FIG. 6 represents a variant in which the return spring, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5, is designed as a tension spring.
  • This embodiment corresponds in its essential structure to the structure of the stamp described in FIG. 5. It is in the embodiment of Figure 6 however, instead of the tension element 7 'according to FIG. 5,
  • a spiral tension spring 50 is used as the return spring, which extends inside the tubes 3 on the one hand and 51 on the other hand and with it one end is attached in a suitable and known manner to the punch head 4 or to the associated valve housing 24 and with its other end to the threaded plug 44.
  • the spring under tension will contract and thus drive the stamp head 4 and cylinder base 14 'closer to each other, whereby the stamp is retracted in the desired manner in the depressurized state.
  • the tube 51 also serves as a control rod for the safety valve 32. If the plunger is extended to its permissible limit position, the end 52 of the tube 51 is reached by the cam 34 of the safety valve 32, so that the cam Drive out unhindered and can thus open the safety valve 32 in the manner already described. Despite maintaining this function, it is of course possible to make the tube 51 longer if you ensure that an indentation or a groove or a slot is provided at the point 52.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
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  • Lubricants (AREA)
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  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
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  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE89/00436 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 2, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 2, 1990 PCT Filed Jul. 1, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO90/00217 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 11, 1990.Hydraulic steel mine prop having a bottom ram including an outer cylindrical tube (1) having a cylinder bottom (14) and an end collar (16), as well as a top ram guided coaxially slideably in the bottom ram by the end collar (16) and a guide ring (12). The top ram is a cylindrical tube (2) comprising a piston (9) sealed and guided relative to the inner wall of the outer cylindrical tube (1). A prop head (4), a setting and withdrawal valve (21), an inner extension stroke limiter, and a return spring (6) are also provided. Each of the outer and the inner cylindrical tubes is received at its facing ends by corresponding projections or facing end grooves of the end collar or piston at one end and at the prop head or cylinder bottom at the other end. Seals are provided at least at the piston, the prop head, and the cylinder bottom. An element is provided between the prop head and the piston for taking up tension forces between these two structural parts. A further tension element (7) arranged coaxially to the cylindrical tubes, is attached to the cylinder bottom. The element (7) extends as a holding rod through the piston and has a holding element (8) at its free end. A compression spring (6) is arranged coaxially to the tension element to act as a return spring.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen hydraulischen Stahlgrubenstempel mit einem Unterstempel im wesentlichen bestehend aus einem äußeren Zylinderrohr mit einerseits einem Zylinderboden und andererseits einem Bundring, sowie einem einerseits vom Bundring über mindestens einen Führungsring koaxial verschiebbar im Unterstempel geführten Oberstempel im wesentlichen bestehend aus einem Zylinderrohr, das einerseits einen gegen die Innenwand des äußeren Zylinderrohres abgedichteten und geführten Kolben und andererseits einen Stempelkopf aufweist, sowie mit einem Setz- und Raubventil, einer inneren Ausfahrbegrenzung und einer Rückholfeder wobei das äußere und das innere Zylinderrohr je mit seinen stirnseitigen Enden von entsprechenden Ansätzen und stirnseitigen Nuten von Bundring bzw. Kolben einerseits und Stempelkopf bzw. Zylinderboden andererseits aufgenommen und mindestens an Kolben, Stempelkopf und Zylinderboden abgedichtet ist und wobei zwischen Stempelkopf und Kolben ein Zugkräfte zwischen diesen beiden Bauteilen aufnehmendes Element vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a hydraulic steel pit ram with a lower ram consisting essentially of an outer cylinder tube with a cylinder base on the one hand and a collar, on the other hand, and an upper ram guided coaxially displaceably in the lower ram by at least one guide ring consisting essentially of a cylinder tube, which on the one hand Piston sealed and guided against the inner wall of the outer cylinder tube and on the other hand has a stamp head, as well as with a setting and pirate valve, an inner extension limit and a return spring, the outer and inner cylinder tubes each with their front ends of corresponding lugs and front grooves of collar or piston on the one hand and stamp head or cylinder base on the other hand is sealed and sealed at least on the piston, stamp head and cylinder base and wherein a tensile forces z between these two components receiving element is provided.

Ein Grubenstempel der oben beschriebenen Art ist beispielsweise bekannt geworden durch die DE-A-26 31 492. Solche Grubenstempel haben sich hinsichtlich ihrer Funktionsfähigkeit durchaus bewährt. Stahlgrubenstempel an sich sind in zahlreichen Konstruktionsvarianten bekannt. Wegen ihres groben Gewichtes wurde auch bereits versucht, solche Grubenstempel aus Leichtmetall herzustellen. Solche Grubenstempel aus Leichtmetall sind jedoch immer da, wo die Gefahr schlagender Wetter besteht, nicht einsetzbar, weil es bereits durch leichte Schläge auf die Leichtmetallrohre zur Funkenbildung kommen kann, die dann eine Gasexplosion auslösen. Darüberhinaus sind solche Grubenstempel aus Leichtmetall aber auch etwa doppelt so teuer wie entsprechende Stahlgrubenstempel.A pit stamp of the type described above has become known, for example, from DE-A-26 31 492. Such pit stamps have proven themselves with regard to their functionality. Steel pit stamps per se are known in numerous construction variants. Because of their heavy weight, attempts have already been made to manufacture such pit stamps from light metal. Such pit stamps made of light metal, however, cannot be used wherever there is a risk of striking weather, because light strikes on the light metal pipes can cause sparks, which can then trigger a gas explosion. In addition, such pit stamps made of light metal are also about twice as expensive as corresponding steel pit stamps.

Bei Stahlgrubenstempel der bekannten Art wird ein äußeres Zylinderrohr mit einem Zylinderboden oder Stempelfuß durch mechanische Mittel wie z.B. Spannhülsen verbunden. In der Nähe des Stempelfußes am unteren Ende des äußeren Zylinderrohres ist dann ein gesonderter und sich innen am Stempelfuß abstützender Kolben als Dichtung vorgesehen. Da dieses äußere Zylinderrohr als Laufbüchse für den inneren Kolben des inneren Zylinderrohres dient, wird es in der Regel durch Ausbohren und nachfolgendes Schleifen oder Honen präzise zerspanend bearbeitet. Es kann außerdem in an sich bekannter Weise z.B. mit Cadmium oder Zink oberflächenbehandelt sein. Im Kopfbereich des Außenstempelrohres wird eine Nut eingedreht, um den dort angeordneten Bundring mit Tragegriff über einen Nutdraht, der in die entsprechende Nut eingelegt ist, zu halten. Der Bundring hat zusätzlich die Aufgabe, einen Ausfahranschlag für das innere Zylinderrohr zu bilden. Um die Ausfahrlänge zu bestimmen, wird zwischen dem inneren Zylinderrohr und dem äußeren Zylinderrohr eine Anschlagbüchse eingesetzt, die bei der Ausfahrbewegung vom Kolben des inneren Zylinderrohres mitgenommen wird. Entsprechend der Länge dieser Anschlagbüchse kommt die Anschlagbüchse bei mehr oder weniger weit ausgefahrenem inneren Zylinderrohr gegen die Anschlagfläche des Bundringes, der seinerseits eine zweite Führung für das innere Zylinderrohr darstellt, zur Anlage, wodurch ein weiteres Ausfahren des inneren Zylinderrohres nicht möglich wird. Allerdings muß nun der Bundring die gesamte vom Stempel erzeugte axiale Kraft aufnehmen und diese über den Nutdraht auf das äußere Zylinderrohr übertragen. Wegen der eingedrehten Nut für den Nutdraht muß das äußere Zylinderrohr um die Tiefe der Nut dicker sein als aus Festigkeitsgründen erforderlich wäre. Da die zylindrischen Laufflächen darüberhinaus galvanisch behandelt werden müssen, können hochfeste Stahllegierungen nicht verwendet werden, weil bei diesen infolge der galvanischen Behandlung eine Wasserstoffversprödung eintritt. Da hochfeste Legierungen somit nicht verwendet werden können, muß wegen der auftretenden Belastung (im äußeren Zylinderrohr treten Drücke von ca.400 bar auf) eine entsprechend große Wandstärke vorgesehen sein, wodurch entsprechendes Gewicht entsteht. Hierzu ist zu bedenken, daß Transport und Aufstellung solcher Grubenstempel in der Praxis ausscchließlich durch Handarbeit erfolgt.In the case of steel mine punches of the known type, an outer cylinder tube is connected to a cylinder base or stamp foot by mechanical means such as clamping sleeves. Near the stamp foot at the bottom of the outer A separate piston, which is supported on the inside of the plunger base, is then provided as a seal. Since this outer cylinder tube serves as a liner for the inner piston of the inner cylinder tube, it is usually machined precisely by drilling out and subsequent grinding or honing. It can also be surface-treated in a manner known per se, for example with cadmium or zinc. In the head area of the outer punch tube, a groove is screwed in in order to hold the collar ring arranged there with a handle via a groove wire which is inserted into the corresponding groove. The flange ring also has the task of forming an extension stop for the inner cylinder tube. In order to determine the extension length, a stop sleeve is inserted between the inner cylinder tube and the outer cylinder tube, which is carried along by the piston of the inner cylinder tube during the extension movement. Depending on the length of this stop sleeve, the stop sleeve comes to rest against the stop surface of the collar ring, which in turn represents a second guide for the inner cylinder tube, when the inner cylinder tube is more or less extended, as a result of which it is not possible to extend the inner cylinder tube further. However, the collar must now absorb the entire axial force generated by the punch and transmit it to the outer cylinder tube via the grooved wire. Because of the screwed-in groove for the groove wire, the outer cylinder tube must be thicker by the depth of the groove than would be necessary for reasons of strength. Since the cylindrical running surfaces also have to be treated galvanically, high-strength steel alloys cannot be used because they become hydrogen embrittled as a result of the galvanic treatment. Since high-strength alloys cannot be used, a correspondingly large wall thickness must be provided due to the load that occurs (pressures of approx. 400 bar occur in the outer cylinder tube), which creates a corresponding weight. It should be borne in mind that the transport and installation of such pit stamps is done exclusively by hand in practice.

Die innen liegende Anschlaghülse kann leicht verkrusten und damit ein Zusammenschieben der Stempelrohre unmöglich machen. Da darüberhinaus diese Hülse beim Ein- und Ausfahren des Innenstempels mitwandert, ist ebenfalls eine Beschädigung des Oberflächenschutzes der Innenfläche des Außenstempels unvermeidbar.The inner stop sleeve can easily crust over, making it impossible to push the stamp tubes together. In addition, since this sleeve moves with the retraction and extension of the inner stamp, damage to the surface protection of the inner surface of the outer stamp is also inevitable.

Bei der bekannten Stempelkonstruktion sind Stempelkopf des inneren Stempelrohres und Kolben des inneren Stempelrohres mit einem Zugkräfte aufnehmenden rohrartigen Hohlkörper miteinander verbunden. Im Inneren dieses rohrartigen Hohlkörpers ist eine Zugfeder angeordnet, die den Stempelkopf mit dem Stempelboden verbindet und die bei Druckentlastung das ausgefahrene innere Stempelrohr wieder einzieht.In the known stamp construction, the stamp head of the inner stamp tube and the piston of the inner stamp tube are connected to one another with a tubular hollow body that absorbs tensile forces. A tension spring is arranged in the interior of this tubular hollow body, which connects the stamp head to the stamp base and which, when the pressure is released, retracts the extended inner stamp tube.

Aus den beschriebenen Konstruktionsmerkmalen ist zu ersehen, daß die bekannten Konstruktionen der Stahlgrubenstempel sehr schwer sind und es ist ohne weiteres zu erkennen, daß eine Reparatur solcher Stempel ohne qualifiziertes Personal und ohne eine technische Ausrüstung an Bearbeitungsmaschinen hoher Qualität nicht möglich ist. Unabhängig davon aber wird in jedem Fall bei einer Reparatur der Oberflächenschutz der Stempelrohre mindestens beschädigt. Da darüber hinaus wegen der unterschiedlichen Ausbauhöhen Stahlgrubenstempel unterschiedlicher Längen benötigt werden, muß immer eine entsprechende Anzahl der verschiedenen benötigten Längen auf Lager gehalten werden. Eine bedarfsgerechte Anfertigung solcher Grubenstempel in einer Übertagewerkstatt an Ort und Stelle ist nicht möglich. Nach der DE-A-35 41 871 wird es bereits als großer Fortschritt angesehen, daß für die in der Praxis anfallenden unterschiedlichen Ausbauhöhen ein Stempelsortiment von "nur" 8 unterschiedlichen Längen hergestellt werden muß.From the described design features it can be seen that the known constructions of the steel pit stamps are very heavy and it can be readily recognized that such stamps cannot be repaired without qualified personnel and without technical equipment on high-quality processing machines. Regardless of this, however, the surface protection of the stamp tubes is at least damaged when a repair is carried out. Since steel pit stamps of different lengths are also required because of the different heights, a corresponding number of the different lengths required must always be kept in stock. It is not possible to make such pit stamps as required in a surface workshop on site. According to DE-A-35 41 871, it is already considered a great step forward that a range of stamps of "only" 8 different lengths has to be produced for the different expansion heights that arise in practice.

Ausgehend von dieser Situation liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde einen hydraulischen Stahlgrubenstempel der eingangs beschriebenen Art vorzuschlagen, der billiger herstellbar und einfacher handhabbar ist. Er soll reparaturfreundlicher sein und eine billigere Lagerbevorratung erlauben. Er soll darüber hinaus bei gleicher Stützkraft und Länge leichter sein und weniger störanfällig durch Schmutz sein. Darüber hinaus soll es möglich sein, ihn in der für den jeweiligen Bedarf notwendigen Länge an Ort und Stelle herzustellen.Based on this situation, the object of the invention is to propose a hydraulic steel pit ram of the type described in the introduction, which is cheaper to manufacture and easier to handle. It should be easier to repair and allow cheaper storage. It should also be lighter with the same support force and length and less prone to failure due to dirt. In addition, it should be possible to manufacture it on site in the length required for the respective need.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem hydraulischen Stahlgrubenstempel der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß ein weiteres, koaxial zu den Zylinderrohren angeordnetes Zugelement am Zylinderboden befestigt ist und sich als Haltestange durch den Kolben hindurch erstreckt und im Bereich des freien Endes ein Halteelment aufweist, wobei koaxial zum Zugelement eine Druckfeder als Rückholfeder angeordnet ist, die sich einerseits am Halteelement und andererseits am Zugkräfte aufnehmenden Element oder am Kolben oder einem mit dem Element oder dem Kolben verbundenen Bauteil abstützt und wobei die Verbindung zwischen Setz- und Raubventil einerseits und Druckraum andererseits alternativ über den Zylinderboden erfolgen kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion weist somit einen inneren Anschlag auf, der die Ausfahrbegrenzung bildet. Der am äußeren Zylinderrohr angeordnete Bundring ist somit in jeder Belastungssituation des Stempels völlig lastfrei und muß nicht mehr als Anschlag dienen, dadurch kann die Nut für den Nutdraht entfallen, so daß die Wandstärke sowohl des inneren als auch des äußeren Zylinderrohres dünner gewählt werden kann. Da darüberhinaus irgednwelche Schweißungen ebenfalls nicht erforderlich sind, können hochfeste Stahllegierungen verwendet werden, die eine weitere Verminderung der Wandstärke des Innenrohres und des Außenrohres zulassen. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn auf eine galvanische Beschichtung der Zylinderflächen verzichtet werden kann, was bei solchen hochfesten Stahllegierungen möglich ist. Insbesondere ist dies möglich, weil auf die innere Anschlagbüchse verzichtet werden kann, so daß die Gefahr von Riefenbildung minimiert ist. Hierdurch also können die Wandstärken der Zylinderrohre dünner gehalten werden, wodurch der Stempel leichter wird. Die Stempelrohre sind an ihren jeweiligen stirnseitigen Enden lediglich auf entsprechende Ansätze aufgesetzt oder in entsprechende Nuten eingesetzt. Sie werden dort nicht mehr verschweißt oder durch einen Nutdraht befestigt, sondern einfach abgedichtet. Dies Abdichtung kann z.B. mit einem inneren und bei Bedarf zusätzlich einem äußeren O-Ring erfolgen. Sie wird aber vorzugsweise mit den heute bekannten und hochwirksamen flüssigen Dichtungen durchgeführt, die bei Raumtemperatur aushärten und auch bei höchsten Drücken absolut dicht bleiben. Dieses einfache Einsetzen der Zylinderrohre mit einfachem Abdichten ist möglich, weil bei den erfindungsgemäßen Stempeln nennenswerte Zugbelastungen von den Zylinderrohren nicht mehr übernommen werden müssen. es ist damit auch möglich, den Stempel in seinen Einzelteilen ohne Zylinderrohr auszuliefern und als Zylinderrohr entsprechend vorbearbeitete und bei Bedarf auch oberflächenbehandelte Rohre, soweit es sich nicht um eine galvanische Behandlung handelt, als Meterware bereitzuhalten und oder zu liefern. Soll ein Stahlgrubenstempel für eine bestimmte Ausbauhöhe hergestellt werden, so ist es lediglich erforderlich, die als Meterware bereit gehaltenen Zylinderrohre in entsprechender Länge bspw. durch Absägen abzulängen, an den Sägeschnitten zu entgraten und einfach mit den zugeordneten stirnseitigen Bauteilen zusammenzufügen und z. B. über die flüssige Dichtung abzudichten. Irgendeine Schweißarbeit oder die Einarbeitung einer Nut für einen Nutdraht ist nicht erforderlich und es wird der damit verbundene Verzug des Rohres bzw. die zusätzliche Bearbeitung und Schwächung des Rohres vermieden. Auch wird eine Beschädigung der behandelten Oberfläche vermieden. Die Beschädigungen im Schnittbereich, die durch das Ablängen des Rohres entstanden sind, verschwinden in der Dichtung und sind damit unschädlich.This object is achieved in a hydraulic steel pit ram of the type described in the introduction in that a further tension element arranged coaxially to the cylinder tubes is fastened to the cylinder base and extends as a holding rod through the piston and has a retaining element in the region of the free end, being coaxial a compression spring is arranged as a return spring to the tension element, which is supported on the one hand on the holding element and on the other hand on the element absorbing tensile forces or on the piston or a component connected to the element or the piston and the connection between the setting and pirate valve on the one hand and the pressure chamber on the other hand alternatively via Cylinder base can be done. The construction according to the invention thus has an inner stop which forms the extension limit. The collar arranged on the outer cylinder tube is thus completely load-free in any load situation of the punch and no longer has to serve as a stop, as a result of which the groove for the grooved wire can be omitted, so that the wall thickness of both the inner and the outer cylinder tube can be chosen to be thinner. In addition, since any welding is also not necessary, high-strength steel alloys can be used, which allow a further reduction in the wall thickness of the inner tube and the outer tube. This is particularly true when there is no need for galvanic coating of the cylinder surfaces, which is possible with such high-strength steel alloys. This is possible in particular because the inner stop sleeve can be dispensed with, so that the risk of scoring is minimized. This means that the wall thicknesses of the cylinder tubes can be kept thinner, which makes the stamp lighter. The stamp tubes are on their respective front ends only placed on corresponding approaches or inserted into corresponding grooves. They are no longer welded there or fastened with a grooved wire, but simply sealed. This sealing can take place, for example, with an inner and, if necessary, an outer O-ring. However, it is preferably carried out with the highly effective liquid seals known today, which cure at room temperature and remain absolutely leak-tight even at the highest pressures. This simple insertion of the cylinder tubes with simple sealing is possible because in the stamps according to the invention, significant tensile loads no longer have to be taken over by the cylinder tubes. It is thus also possible to deliver the stamp in its individual parts without a cylinder tube and as a cylinder tube, correspondingly pre-processed and if necessary also surface-treated tubes, as long as it is not a galvanic treatment, to be available and / or supplied by the meter. If a steel pit stamp is to be produced for a certain expansion height, then it is only necessary to cut the cylinder tubes, which are available by the meter, to a suitable length, e.g. by sawing them off, deburring them at the saw cuts and simply assembling them with the associated end components and z. B. to seal over the liquid seal. Any welding work or the incorporation of a groove for a grooved wire is not necessary and the associated distortion of the tube or the additional processing and weakening of the tube is avoided. Damage to the treated surface is also avoided. The damage in the cutting area caused by cutting the pipe to length disappears in the seal and is therefore harmless.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 26 beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in subclaims 2 to 26.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand verschiedener in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben werden.The invention will now be described with reference to various embodiments shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 Längsschnitt durch einen Stahlgrubenstempel mit Kopfanschluß des Setzventils
  • Figur 2 Längsschnitt durch einen Stahlgrubenstempel mit Bodenanschluß des Setzventils und Anordnung des Setzventils im am äußeren Zylinderrohr angeordneten Handgriff
  • Figur 3 Längsschnitt wie Figur 1, jedoch mit Überdruckventil am Kolben
  • Figur 4 Längsschnitt wie Figur 2, jedoch mit Überdruckventil am Kolben
  • Figur 5 Teil eines Längsschnitts durch einen Stahlgrubenstempel mit Sicherheitsventil am Kolben zur Begrenzung des Ausfahrhubes
Show it:
  • Figure 1 longitudinal section through a steel pit stamp with head connection of the setting valve
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through a steel pit stamp with bottom connection of the setting valve and arrangement of the setting valve in the handle arranged on the outer cylinder tube
  • 3 shows a longitudinal section as in FIG. 1, but with a pressure relief valve on the piston
  • 4 shows a longitudinal section as in FIG. 2, but with a pressure relief valve on the piston
  • Figure 5 Part of a longitudinal section through a steel pit ram with a safety valve on the piston to limit the extension stroke

Ein Stahlgrubenstempel nach Figur 1 wird im wesentlichen gebildet von einem äußeren Zylinderrohr 1, das mit seiner unteren Stirnseite in eine entsprechende Stirnseitennut eines Zylinderbodens 14′ eingesteckt und dort mit Flüssigkeitsdichtung 5 abgedichtet ist. Bei Bedarf können quergerichtete Halteschrauben 23 als einfache mechanische Sicherung vorgesehen sein. Diese können und sollen jedoch keine nennenswerten mechanischen Belastungen übertragen. Der Zylinderboden 14′ ist in an sich üblicher Weise eingesetzt in einen sogen. Stempelboden 25, der z.B. über Spannhülsen, von denen nur die Bohrungen 46 dargestellt sind, mit dem Zylinderboden 14′ befestigt ist.A steel pit stamp according to Figure 1 is essentially formed by an outer cylinder tube 1, which is inserted with its lower end face in a corresponding end face groove of a cylinder bottom 14 'and sealed there with a liquid seal 5. If necessary, transverse holding screws 23 can be provided as a simple mechanical securing device. However, these cannot and should not transmit any significant mechanical loads. The cylinder bottom 14 'is in on usually used in a so-called. Stamp base 25, which is fastened, for example, via clamping sleeves, of which only the bores 46 are shown, to the cylinder base 14 '.

An der anderen Stirnseite des äußeren Zylinderrohres 1 ist über einen einfachen Zentrieransatz ein Bundring 16 aufgesetzt, der auch geteilt sein kann. Dieser Bundring 16 weist einen inneren Führungsring 12 für ein inneres Zylinderrohr 2 und einen diesem zugeordneten Schmutzabstreifer 17 auf. Von diesem Bundring 16 wird ein inneres Zylinderrohr 2 über den am Bundring 16 angeordneten Führungsring 12 längsverschieblich im äußeren Zylinderrohr 1 geführt. Im Inneren des äußeren Zylinderrohres 1 weist das innere Zylinderrohr 2 an seinem stirnseitigen Ende einen Kolben 9 auf. Dieser weist einen nicht näher bezeichneten Aufnahmeansatz auf, mit dem er in das Innere des Rohres 2 eingeschoben ist. Hierbei kommt dann die Stirnseite des Zylinderrohres 2 am Ende des genannten Ansatzes des Kolbens 9 zur Anlage. Dieser Verbindungsbereich des inneren Zylinderrohres 2 mit dem Kolben 9 kann wiederum -vorzugsweise durch eine Flüssigkeitsdichtung 5- einfach abgedichtet werden. Im äußeren Zylinderrohr 1 wird der Kolben 9 über einen Führungsring 12′ geführt und über einen Kolbendichtring 10 abgedichtet.On the other end of the outer cylinder tube 1, a collar 16 is placed over a simple centering approach, which can also be divided. This collar 16 has an inner guide ring 12 for an inner cylinder tube 2 and a dirt scraper 17 associated therewith. An inner cylinder tube 2 is guided by this collar ring 16 in the outer cylinder tube 1 so as to be longitudinally displaceable via the guide ring 12 arranged on the collar ring 16. Inside the outer cylinder tube 1, the inner cylinder tube 2 has a piston 9 at its front end. This has a receiving attachment, not designated in more detail, with which it is inserted into the interior of the tube 2. Here then the end face of the cylinder tube 2 comes to rest at the end of the mentioned approach of the piston 9. This connection area of the inner cylinder tube 2 with the piston 9 can in turn — preferably by means of a liquid seal — simply be sealed. In the outer cylinder tube 1, the piston 9 is guided over a guide ring 12 'and sealed via a piston sealing ring 10.

Am äußeren stirnseitigen Ende des inneren Zylinderrohres 2 ist dieses in eine nicht näher bezeichnete stirnseitige Ringnut eines Ventilgehäuses 24 eingesetzt und dort wiederum -vorzugsweise mit Flüssigdichtung 5- abgedichtet. In dieses Ventilgehäuse 24 ist in an sich bekannter Weise ein ebenfalls an sich bekanntes Setz- und Raubventil 21 eingesetzt. Das Ventilgehäuse 24 ist in ebenfalls an sich bekannter Weise auf seiner Oberseite so ausgebildet, daß es dort einen Stempelkopf 4 aufnehmen kann, der in üblicher Weise mit dem Ventilgehäuse 24 verbunden sein kann und sich am Ventilgehäuse 24 abstützen kann, so daß die Stützkraft über den Stempelkopf 4 und das Ventilgehäuse 24 in das innere Zylinderrohr 2 übertragen wird.At the outer end face of the inner cylinder tube 2, this is inserted into an end groove of a valve housing 24, which is not designated in any more detail, and there in turn — preferably sealed with a liquid seal 5-. In this valve housing 24, a setting and robbery valve 21, which is also known per se, is inserted in a manner known per se. The valve housing 24 is also formed in a manner known per se on its upper side so that it can receive a stamp head 4 there, which can be connected in a conventional manner to the valve housing 24 and can be supported on the valve housing 24, so that the supporting force via the Stamp head 4 and the valve housing 24 is transferred into the inner cylinder tube 2.

Auf der Innenseite des Ventilgehäuses 24 ist eine nicht näher bezeichnete Bohrung vorgesehen, die koaxial zur Längsachse des Stahlgrubenstempels verläuft, mit der Bohrung für das Setzventil 21 verbunden ist und an ihrem ins Innere des Zylinders zeigenden Ende mit Gewinde ausgerüstet ist. In dieses Gewinde eingeschraubt ist ein Rohr 3, das in diesem Gewindebereich in nicht näher dargestellter Weise so abgedichtet ist, daß sich ein im Inneren des Rohres 3 aufbauender Druck nicht auf dessen Außenseite fortpflanzen kann.On the inside of the valve housing 24 there is a bore, not designated in any more detail, which runs coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the steel pit ram, is connected to the bore for the setting valve 21 and is threaded at its end pointing into the interior of the cylinder. Screwed into this thread is a tube 3, which is sealed in this thread area in a manner not shown in such a way that a pressure which builds up inside the tube 3 cannot propagate to the outside thereof.

Mit seinem anderen stirnseitigen Ende ist das Rohr 3 durch eine entsprechend koaxiale und nicht näher bezeichnete Bohrung des Kolbens 9 hindurchgeführt und dort über eine Gewindemutter 13 die als Nutmutter oder Lochmutter ausgeführt sein kann, verbunden. Hierbei stützt sich die Gewindemutter 13 mit ihrer inneren Planfläche an der entsprechenden Gegenfläche einer Einsenkung des Kolbens 9 ab und ist in diesem Bereich ebenfalls abgedichtet, so daß sich ein im Druckraum 26 aufbauender Druck nicht in diesem Bereich bis auf die Außenseite des Rohres 3 fortsetzen kann. Am mit der Gewindemutter 13 verbundenen Ende weist das Rohr 3 auf seiner Innenseite einen Anschlagring 11 auf, gegen den sich stirnseitig eine Spiraldruckfeder 6 abstützt. Diese Spiraldruckfeder erstreckt sich in das Innere des Rohres 3, so daß man dieses Rohr 3 auch als Federführungsrohr bezeichnen könnte. Wie jedoch aus der Anordnung zu sehen ist, verbindet das Rohr 3 das Ventilgehäuse 24 und damit den Stempelkopf 4 mit dem Kolben 9, so daß zwischen diesen Teilen auftretende Zugkräfte vom Rohr 3 aufgenommen werden. Druckkräfte nimmt jedoch das Rohr 3 nicht auf. Diese werden vielmehr vom Zylinderrohr 2 aufgenommen.With its other end, the tube 3 is passed through a correspondingly coaxial and unspecified bore of the piston 9 and connected there via a threaded nut 13, which can be designed as a lock nut or hole nut. Here, the threaded nut 13 is supported with its inner flat surface on the corresponding counter surface of a depression of the piston 9 and is also sealed in this area, so that a pressure building up in the pressure chamber 26 cannot continue in this area to the outside of the tube 3 . At the end connected to the threaded nut 13, the tube 3 has on its inside a stop ring 11 against which a helical compression spring 6 is supported at the end. This spiral compression spring extends into the interior of the tube 3, so that one could also refer to this tube 3 as a spring guide tube. However, as can be seen from the arrangement, the tube 3 connects the valve housing 24 and thus the punch head 4 to the piston 9, so that tensile forces occurring between these parts are absorbed by the tube 3. However, the pipe 3 does not absorb pressure forces. Rather, these are taken up by the cylinder tube 2.

Die Spiraldruckfeder 6 stützt sich an ihrem zweiten Ende an einem Halteelement 8 ab, welches am inneren freien Ende eines als Stange ausgebildeten Zugelementes 7 angeordnet ist. Das zweite Ende des Zugelementes 7 ist durch eine entsprechende Bohrung im Zylinderboden 14′ durch diesen Zylinderboden hindurchgeführt und in dieser Position über einen Sicherungsring 47 sicher gegen Herausziehen gehalten. Eine auf der Innenseite angeordnete Dichtung 48 sorgt dafür, daß sich an dieser Stelle der Druck im Druckraum 26 nicht nach außen fortsetzen kann.The spiral compression spring 6 is supported at its second end on a holding element 8 which is arranged at the inner free end of a tension element 7 designed as a rod. The second end of the tension element 7 is passed through a corresponding bore in the cylinder base 14 'through this cylinder base and held securely in this position via a locking ring 47 against pulling out. A seal 48 arranged on the inside ensures that the pressure in the pressure chamber 26 does not continue to the outside at this point can.

Aufgrund der beschriebenen Anordnung der Spiraldruckfeder hat diese das Bestreben den Kolben 9 in Richtung des Zylinderbodens 14′ zu verfahren und damit das innere Zylinderrohr 2 einzuziehen. Dies ist möglich bei einer entprechenden und an sich bekannten Schaltstellung des Setz- und Raubventils 21, nämlich wenn dieses in Raubstellung steht. Die im Druckraum 26 befindliche Flüssigkeit wird dann aufgrund der Federkraft der Spiraldruckfeder 6 vom Kolben 9 verdrängt und hierbei durch den Innenraum des Rohres 3, der hierfür noch genügend Platz hat, nach oben zum Ventil 21 und dort nach außen gedrückt.Due to the described arrangement of the spiral compression spring, this has the tendency to move the piston 9 in the direction of the cylinder bottom 14 'and thus to retract the inner cylinder tube 2. This is possible with a corresponding and known switching position of the setting and robbery valve 21, namely when it is in the robbery position. The liquid located in the pressure chamber 26 is then displaced by the piston 9 due to the spring force of the spiral compression spring 6 and is pressed upward through the interior of the tube 3, which still has sufficient space for this, to the valve 21 and out there.

In umgekehrter Richtung, wenn also der Stempel ausgefahren werden soll zur Abstützung des Hangenden, wird das Ventil 21 in Setzstellung gefahren, so daß das Druckmedium -in der Regel einfaches Wasser- vom Ventil 21 in das Innere des Rohres 3 und von dort in den Druckraum 26 strömen kann. Hierdurch wird der Kolben 9 und damit das Zylinderrohr 2 mit seinen äußeren Aufbauten ausgefahren, solange bis der Stempelkopf 4 zur Anlage kommt. Ist jedoch aus irgendeinem Grunde der Stempel zu kurz ausgelegt, so fährt lediglich die Druckfeder 6 auf Block, wodurch eine weitere Ausfahrbewegung verhindert wird. Zugbelastungen auf das äußere Zylinderrohr 1 oder auf den Bundring 16 treten nicht auf. Eine Anschlagbüchse zwischen dem inneren Zylinderrohr 2 und dem äußeren Zylinderrohr 1 ist nicht erforderlich. Entsprechende Oberflächenbeschädigungen durch eine solche Büchse werden vermieden.In the opposite direction, that is, when the punch is to be extended to support the hanging part, the valve 21 is moved into the setting position, so that the pressure medium — generally simple water — from the valve 21 into the interior of the tube 3 and from there into the pressure chamber 26 can flow. As a result, the piston 9 and thus the cylinder tube 2 with its outer structures are extended until the stamp head 4 comes to rest. However, if for some reason the punch is too short, only the compression spring 6 moves onto the block, preventing a further extension movement. Tensile loads on the outer cylinder tube 1 or on the collar 16 do not occur. A stop sleeve between the inner cylinder tube 2 and the outer cylinder tube 1 is not required. Corresponding surface damage from such a bushing is avoided.

Ein auf der Außenfläche 27 des äußeren Zylinderrohres 1 angeordneter Handgriff 18 ist in nicht näher dargestellter aber an sich bekannter Weise geteilt ausgebildet und kann daher auf der genannten Außenfläche 27 verklemmt oder auf ihr verschoben werden.A handle 18 arranged on the outer surface 27 of the outer cylinder tube 1 is divided in a manner not shown but is known per se and can therefore be clamped on the outer surface 27 or moved thereon.

Die Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 ist in ihrem inneren Aufbau fast identisch mit der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1. Es kann daher auf die vorangegangene Beschreibung zu Figur 1 verwiesen werden. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 ist lediglich der Stempelkopf 4 einstückig ausgebildet ohne das zu Figur 1 beschriebene Ventilgehäuse 24. Statt dessen wird nach der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 das Ventilgehäuse für das Ventil 21 gebildet von einem Teil 18′ des auf der Außenfläche 27 des äußeren Zylinderrohres 1 angeordneten Handgriffs. Auch dies ist jedoch an sich bekannt. In der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 ist dann das Ventil 21 über einen mit dem Teil 18′ druckdicht verbundenen Hochdruckschlauch 19 mit einem Anschlußstück 20 verbunden, das als äußerer Nocken am Zylinderboden 14 angeformt ist. Durch dieses Anschlußstück 20 und den angrenzenden Teil des Zylinderbodens 14 ist eine Bohrung 22 ins Innere des Druckraumes 26 geführt die unterhalb der nicht näher bezeichneten Ringnut für die Aufnahme des äußeren Zylinderrohres 1 hindurchläuft, so daß der dazugehörige Dichtungsbereich der Dichtung 5 nicht berührt wird. Funktionsweise des Stempels und übriger Aufbau ist so wie bereits zu Figur 1 beschrieben. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorteil, daß auch bei großen Ausfahrlängen des Stempels das Setz- und Raubventil immer leicht zugänglich ist und während des Setzens oder Raubens des Stempels seine Höhenlage nicht verändert.The internal structure of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is almost identical to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Reference can therefore be made to the previous description of FIG. 1. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, only the stamp head 4 is formed in one piece without the valve housing 24 described for FIG. 1 the valve housing for the valve 21 is formed by a part 18 'of the handle arranged on the outer surface 27 of the outer cylinder tube 1 according to the embodiment of Figure 2. However, this is also known per se. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the valve 21 is then connected to a connecting piece 20 via a high-pressure hose 19 connected to the part 18 'in a pressure-tight manner, which is formed as an outer cam on the cylinder base 14. Through this connector 20 and the adjacent part of the cylinder base 14, a bore 22 is guided into the interior of the pressure chamber 26 which runs below the annular groove (not shown) for receiving the outer cylinder tube 1, so that the associated sealing area of the seal 5 is not touched. Operation of the stamp and other structure is as already described for Figure 1. This arrangement has the advantage that the setting and robbery valve is always easily accessible even with large extension lengths of the stamp and does not change its height during the setting or robbing of the stamp.

Figur 3 zeigt nun wiederum einen Stempel, der in seinem Aufbau in allen wesentlichen Merkmalen identisch mit dem Stempel nach Figur 1 ist. Auch hier kann also diesbezüglich auf die Beschreibung des Stempels zu Figur 1 verwiesen werden. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 weist jedoch der Kolben 9′ ein häufig auch als Arbeitsventil bezeichnetes Überdruckventil 15 auf, das mit seinem Eingang über eine Bohrung 30 mit dem Druckraum 26 und mit seinem Ausgang uber eine Bohrung 31 mit dem Zwischenraum 28 zwischen äußerem Zylinderrohr 1 und innerem Zylinderrohr 2 verbunden ist. Hierbei liegt die Mündung der Bohrung 31 oberhalb des Kolbendichtringes 10, so daß ein ungehinderter Zutritt zum genannten Zwischenraum 28 möglich ist.
Gleichzeitig weist der Bundring 16 mindestens eine Entlastungsbohrung 29 auf die einerseits in den Zwischenraum 28 mündet und andererseits frei in die Umgebungsluft führt.
FIG. 3 again shows a stamp which is identical in its essential characteristics to the stamp according to FIG. 1. Here too, reference can be made to the description of the stamp relating to FIG. 1. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, however, the piston 9 'has a pressure relief valve 15 which is often also referred to as a working valve and which has an inlet via a bore 30 with the pressure chamber 26 and an outlet via a bore 31 with the intermediate space 28 between the outer cylinder tube 1 and inner cylinder tube 2 is connected. Here, the mouth of the bore 31 lies above the piston sealing ring 10, so that unhindered access to the space 28 mentioned is possible.
At the same time, the collar 16 has at least one relief bore 29 which on the one hand opens into the intermediate space 28 and on the other hand leads freely into the ambient air.

Das beschriebene Überdruckventil 15 am Kolben 9′ hat üblicherweise die Funktion bei einer Überlastung des Stempels ein Einfahren des inneren Zylinderrohres 2 um einen Betrag, der zum Abbau der Überlast geeignet ist, zu ermöglichen dadurch, daß mittels des Überdruckventils 15 Druck des Druckmittels durch entsprechendes Ablassen des Druckmittels aus dem Druckraum 26 abgebaut wird. Die besondere Anordnung und Verbindung nach Figur 3 ermöglicht es nun, den Überdruck des Druckraumes 26 über die Bohrung 30 durch das Überdruckventil 15 und die Austrittsbohrung 31 hindurch in den Zwischenraum 28 zu entlassen und damit das üblicherweise als Druckmedium benutzte Wasser in diesen Zwischenraum 28 hineinzuspülen und damit diesen Zwischenraum gleichzeitig von Schmutzteilchen freizuwaschen. Das aus der Bohrung 31 ausgetretene Wasser kann dann über die Entlastungsbohrung 29 den Zwischenraum 28 verlassen. Hierbei kann dieser Reinigungsvorgang nicht nur bei Überlastung des Stempels eintreten sondern bewußt dadurch erzwungen werden, daß das Druckmedium auf Überdruck gefahren wird. Hierdurch wird erstmals eine aktive Reinigung des Zwischenraumes 28 möglich.The pressure relief valve 15 described on the piston 9 'usually has the function of overloading the plunger retracting the inner cylinder tube 2 by an amount which is suitable for reducing the overload, thereby allowing 15 pressure by means of the pressure relief valve of the pressure medium is reduced by correspondingly releasing the pressure medium from the pressure chamber 26. The special arrangement and connection according to FIG. 3 now makes it possible to discharge the excess pressure of the pressure chamber 26 via the bore 30 through the pressure relief valve 15 and the outlet bore 31 into the intermediate space 28 and thus to flush the water which is usually used as the pressure medium into this intermediate space 28 and so that this space can be washed free of dirt particles at the same time. The water emerging from the bore 31 can then leave the intermediate space 28 via the relief bore 29. This cleaning process can not only occur when the stamp is overloaded, but can be deliberately forced by moving the pressure medium to overpressure. This makes active cleaning of the intermediate space 28 possible for the first time.

Figur 4 zeigt nun wiederum einen Stempel mit dem Aufbau nach Figur 2. Jedoch ist bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 4 ebenso wie bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 am Kolben 9′ das Überdruckventil 15 in gleicher Anordnung und Funktion wie zu Figur 3 beschrieben, vorgesehen.Figure 4 now shows a stamp with the structure of Figure 2. However, in the embodiment of Figure 4 as well as in the embodiment of Figure 3 on the piston 9 ', the pressure relief valve 15 is provided in the same arrangement and function as described for Figure 3.

Die Ausbildung des Grubenstempels nach Figur 5 weicht jedoch in wesentlichen Punkten von den bisher beschriebenen Aufbauten ab. Dies betrifft jedoch nur die Innenteile. Äußeres Zylinderrohr 1 und inneres Zylinderrohr 2 weisen an ihren jeweiligen Stirnseiten die gleichen Einrichtungen auf wie zu den Figuren 1 bis 4 bereits beschrieben. Hierbei ist im Bereich des Stempelkopfes 4 auch das als Federführungsrohr dienende Rohr 3 mit diesem Stempelkopf 4 oder mit einem Ventilgehäuse 24 in gleicher Weise befestigt wie dies zu den Figuren 1 bis 4 bereits beschrieben wurde. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 5 ist jedoch der mit dem inneren Zylinderrohr 2 verbundene innere Kolben 37 mit einem Sicherheitsventil 32 ausgerüstet. Hierzu ist im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 5 der Kolben 37 quer in zwei Teile geteilt. Der eine Teil ist als Rohrendplatte 39 ausgebildet und wie die Kolben 9 und 9′ über eine Dichtung 5 stirnseitig mit dem inneren Zylinderrohr 2 verbunden. Diese Rohrendplatte 39 weist eine konzentrische Bohrung mit Gewinde auf, in welche das Rohr 3 mit entsprechendem und nicht näher bezeichnetem Gewinde eingeschraubt und dort abgedichtet ist.The design of the pit stamp according to FIG. 5, however, deviates in essential points from the structures described so far. However, this only affects the inner parts. Outer cylinder tube 1 and inner cylinder tube 2 have the same devices on their respective end faces as already described for FIGS. 1 to 4. Here, in the area of the stamp head 4, the tube 3 serving as a spring guide tube is also fastened with this stamp head 4 or with a valve housing 24 in the same manner as has already been described for FIGS. 1 to 4. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, however, the inner piston 37 connected to the inner cylinder tube 2 is equipped with a safety valve 32. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, the piston 37 is divided transversely into two parts. One part is designed as a tube end plate 39 and, like the pistons 9 and 9 ', is connected at the end face to the inner cylinder tube 2 via a seal 5. This tube end plate 39 has a concentric bore with a thread, into which the tube 3 with a corresponding and not closer screwed in designated thread and sealed there.

An diese Rohrendplatte 39 ist an der zum Druckraum 26 zeigenden Stirnseite ein Anschlagelement 40, das als eigentlicher Kolben dient, über Schrauben 49 angeschraubt. Auch diese Schrauben 49 sind selbstverständlich so gedichtet, daß kein Druck vom Druckraum 26 auf die Außenseite des Rohres 3 und damit in den Innenraum 38 gelangen kann. Im Prinzip wäre dies zwar nicht schädlich, würde jedoch bedeuten, daß sich in diesem Raum 38 Druckmedium, also in der Regel Wasser, befindet, wodurch das Gesamtgewicht unnötig erhöht würde.A stop element 40, which serves as the actual piston, is screwed to this tube end plate 39 on the end face facing the pressure chamber 26 by means of screws 49. These screws 49 are of course sealed so that no pressure from the pressure chamber 26 can reach the outside of the tube 3 and thus the interior 38. In principle, this would not be harmful, but would mean that 38 pressure medium, ie usually water, is located in this space, which would unnecessarily increase the total weight.

Das Anschlagelement 40 weist eine zentrale Bohrung 45 auf, die in ihrem Durchmesser etwas kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohres 3, so daß sich die wiederum im Rohr 3 angeordnete Spiraldruckfeder mit ihrem stirnseitigen Ende im Bereich der zentralen Bohrung 45 an dem Anschlagelement 40 abstützen kann.The stop element 40 has a central bore 45 which is slightly smaller in diameter than the inside diameter of the tube 3, so that the spiral compression spring, which is in turn arranged in the tube 3, can be supported with its front end in the region of the central bore 45 on the stop element 40 .

Das Anschlagelement 40 weist eine Einsenkung 41 mit einem Boden 42 auf. In eine nicht näher bezeichnete Bohrung des Bodens 42 ist das Sicherheitsventil 32 so tief eingesetzt, daß es nicht über den oberen Rand 43 der Einsenkung 41 übersteht. Hierdurch wird gewährleistet, daß dann, wenn der Kolben 37 unten am Zylinderboden 14′ aufliegt, die entsprechende Last nicht vom Sicherheitsventil 32 aufgenommen werden muß.The stop element 40 has a depression 41 with a bottom 42. The safety valve 32 is inserted so deep into an unspecified bore in the bottom 42 that it does not protrude beyond the upper edge 43 of the depression 41. This ensures that when the piston 37 rests below on the cylinder bottom 14 ', the corresponding load does not have to be taken up by the safety valve 32.

Das Sicherheitsventil 32 ist über eine Bohrung 33 mit dem Zwischenraum 28 verbunden. Hierzu ist die Bohrung 33 oberhalb eines Führungsringes 12 und eines Kolbendichtringes 10 des Anschlagelementes 40 in den Zwischenraum 28 geführt, so daß dort Druckflüssigkeit ungehindert austreten kann. Die mit dem Druckraum 26 verbundene Einlaßseite des Sicherheitsventils 32 ist nicht näher dargestellt und am Ventil selbst vorgesehen.The safety valve 32 is connected to the intermediate space 28 via a bore 33. For this purpose, the bore 33 is guided above a guide ring 12 and a piston sealing ring 10 of the stop element 40 into the intermediate space 28, so that hydraulic fluid can escape unhindered there. The inlet side of the safety valve 32 connected to the pressure chamber 26 is not shown in detail and is provided on the valve itself.

Das Sicherheitsventil 32 weist zu seiner Betätigung einen Nocken 34 auf, der mit einem nicht näher bezeichneten Laufrädchen an der äußeren Oberfläche eines als Stange oder Rohr ausgebildeten Zugelementes 7′ anliegt, wobei in dieser Anlage das Sicherheitsventil 32 geschlossen ist. Das Zugelement 7′ kann im wesentlichen wiederum so ausgebildet sein wie das Zugelement 7 nach den Figuren 1 bis 4. Während jedoch bei den Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 die Spiraldruckfeder 6 bei voll ausgefahrenem Zustand des Stempels auf Block fuhr und damit das Zugelement 7 mit der gesamten Stempelstützkraft auf Zug belastete, tritt in der Ausführungsform nach Figur 5 eine solche Belastung am Zugelement 7′ und an der Spiraldruckfeder 6 nicht mehr auf. Das Zugelement 7′ weist nämlich eine Ringnut 35 auf, die axial in einer solchen Lage vorgesehen ist, daß dann, wenn der Stempel so weit ausgefahren ist, daß die Spiraldruckfeder kurz vor der Blocklage ist, der Nocken 34 in die Ringnut 35 hineinfällt und damit das Sicherheitsventil 32 öffnet. Der Druckraum 26 wird hierdurch druckentlastet und das Druckmedium über die Bohrung 33 in den Zwischenraum 28 und von dort beispielsweise über Entlastungsbohrungen 29 im Bundring 16 nach außen geblasen. Damit ist eine weiteres Ausfahren des Zylinders unmöglich und es hat somit das Zugelement 7′ nur die von der relativ geringen Federkraft der Spiraldruckfeder 6 herrührende Zugbelastung aufzunehmen. Daher ist es auch möglich, das Zugelement 7′ als Rohr auszubilden, das mit seiner dem Zylinderboden 14′ zugewandten Stirnseite in eine entsprechende Einsenkung des Zylinderbodens 14′ eingesetzt und dort abgedichtet ist. Es kann in diesem Bereich ein nicht näher bezeichnetes Innengewinde aufweisen. In dieses Innengewinde ist ein von außen durch den Zylinderboden 14′ hindurchgeführter Gewindestopfen 44 eingesetzt, der damit das Zugelement 7′ axial hält.The safety valve 32 has a cam 34 for its actuation, which with an unspecified wheel on the outer surface of a traction element designed as a rod or tube 7 ' is present, the safety valve 32 being closed in this system. The tension element 7 'can in turn be essentially designed in the same way as the tension element 7 according to FIGS. 1 to 4. However, in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4 the spiral compression spring 6 moved onto the block when the plunger was fully extended and thus the tension element 7 loaded with the entire stamp support force on train, such a load on the tension element 7 'and on the spiral compression spring 6 no longer occurs in the embodiment according to FIG. The tension element 7 'namely has an annular groove 35 which is provided axially in such a position that when the punch is extended so far that the coil compression spring is just before the block position, the cam 34 falls into the annular groove 35 and thus the safety valve 32 opens. The pressure chamber 26 is thereby relieved of pressure and the pressure medium is blown out through the bore 33 into the intermediate space 28 and from there, for example via relief bores 29 in the collar 16. This makes a further extension of the cylinder impossible and the tension element 7 'therefore only has to absorb the tensile load resulting from the relatively low spring force of the spiral compression spring 6. Therefore, it is also possible to design the tension element 7 'as a tube, which is inserted with its end face facing the cylinder base 14' into a corresponding depression of the cylinder base 14 'and sealed there. In this area, it can have an internal thread, not specified. In this internal thread is inserted from the outside through the cylinder base 14 'threaded plug 44, which thus holds the tension element 7' axially.

Wenn dies gewünscht wird, kann das als Rohr ausgebildete Zugelement 7′ auch an seiner freien Stirnseite offen sein und Querbohrungen 36 aufweisen, so daß auch ein vom Druckmittel des Druckraums 26 ausgeübter Druck auf das Zugelement 7′ vermieden wird.If this is desired, the tension element 7 'designed as a tube can also be open on its free end face and have transverse bores 36, so that pressure exerted by the pressure medium of the pressure chamber 26 on the tension element 7' is avoided.

Die Ausführungsform nach Figur 6 stellt eine Variante dar, bei der die Rückholfeder im Gegensatz zu den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Figuren 1 bis 5 als Zugfeder ausgebildet ist. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht in seinem wesentlichen Aufbau dem zu Figur 5 beschriebenen Aufbau des Stempels. Es ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 6 jedoch an Stelle des Zugelementes 7′ nach Figur 5 ein Rohr 51 verwendet, das ebenso wie das Zugelement 7′ nach Figur 5 durch den Kolben 37 hindurch in das Rohr 3 hineinragt. Bis auf die Feder ist der übrige Aufbau der Einrichtung nach Figur 6 ebenso wie der Aufbau der Einrichtung nach Figur 5. Bei Figur 6 ist jedoch als Rückholfeder eine Spiralzugfeder 50 eingesetzt, die sich im Inneren der Rohre 3 einerseits und 51 andererseits erstreckt und mit ihrem einen Ende in geeigneter und an sich bekannter Weise am Stempelkopf 4 bzw. am zugeordneten Ventilgehäuse 24 und mit ihrem anderen Ende am Gewindestopfen 44 befestigt ist. Durch diese Anordnung will die unter Zugbelastung stehende Feder sich zusammenziehen und damit Stempelkopf 4 und Zylinderboden 14′ näher gegeneinander fahren, wodurch im drucklosen Zustand der Stempel in gewünschter Weise eingefahren wird.The embodiment according to FIG. 6 represents a variant in which the return spring, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5, is designed as a tension spring. This embodiment corresponds in its essential structure to the structure of the stamp described in FIG. 5. It is in the embodiment of Figure 6 however, instead of the tension element 7 'according to FIG. 5, a tube 51 is used which, like the tension element 7' according to FIG. 5, protrudes through the piston 37 into the tube 3. Except for the spring, the rest of the structure of the device according to FIG. 6 is the same as the structure of the device according to FIG. 5. In FIG. 6, however, a spiral tension spring 50 is used as the return spring, which extends inside the tubes 3 on the one hand and 51 on the other hand and with it one end is attached in a suitable and known manner to the punch head 4 or to the associated valve housing 24 and with its other end to the threaded plug 44. With this arrangement, the spring under tension will contract and thus drive the stamp head 4 and cylinder base 14 'closer to each other, whereby the stamp is retracted in the desired manner in the depressurized state.

In der Anordnung nach Figur 6 dient das Rohr 51 gleichzeitig als Steuerstange für das Sicherheitsventil 32. Ist nämlich der Stempel bis in seine zulässige Grenzlage ausgefahren, so ist damit vom Nocken 34 des Sicherheitsventils 32 das Ende 52 des Rohres 51 erreicht, so daß der Nocken ungehindert herausfahren und damit das Sicherheitsventil 32 in der bereits beschriebenen Weise öffnen kann. Trotz Erhaltung dieser Funktion ist es selbstverständlich möglich das Rohr 51 auch länger zu machen wenn man dafür sorgt, daß an der Stelle 52 eine Eindellung oder eine Nut oder ein Schlitz vorgesehen ist.In the arrangement according to FIG. 6, the tube 51 also serves as a control rod for the safety valve 32. If the plunger is extended to its permissible limit position, the end 52 of the tube 51 is reached by the cam 34 of the safety valve 32, so that the cam Drive out unhindered and can thus open the safety valve 32 in the manner already described. Despite maintaining this function, it is of course possible to make the tube 51 longer if you ensure that an indentation or a groove or a slot is provided at the point 52.

Claims (26)

  1. Hydraulic steel pit prop comprising a lower prop essentially consisting of an outer cylindrical tube (1) having at one end a cylinder base (14,14′) and at the other end an annular collar (16), as well as an upper prop which is displaceably guided at one end coaxially in the lower prop by the annular collar (16) by means of at least one guide ring (12) and which essentially consists of a cylindrical tube (2) which includes at one end a piston (9,9′) sealing against and guided by the inner wall of the outer cylindrical tube (1) and at the other end a prop head (4), as well as a charging and abstraction valve (21), an internal extension limiter and a restoring spring (6), wherein the outer and the inner cylindrical tubes (1,2) each have their respective ends received by corresponding projections on or grooves in the annular collar (16) or piston (9,9′,37) on the one hand and prop head (4,24) or cylinder base (14,14′) on the other hand, wherein the cylindrical tubes are sealed off at least from the piston (9,9′,37), prop head (4,24) and cylinder base (14,14′), and wherein an element (3) is provided between prop head (4,24) and piston (9,9′,37) to take up tensile forces between these two components, characterised in that a further tensile element (7,7′) is secured to the cylinder base (14,14′) and is arranged coaxially in relation to the cylindrical tubes (1,2), said tensile element extending as a tie rod through the piston (9,9′,37) and having a retaining element (8) in the region of its free end, wherein a compression spring (6) is arranged as a restoring spring coaxially in relation to the tensile element (7,7′), said compression spring being seated on the one hand against the retaining element (8) and on the other hand against the element (3) which takes up tensile forces or against the piston (9,9′,37) or a member (11) connected to the element (3) or to the piston (9,9′,37), and wherein the connection between charging and abstraction valve (21) on the one hand and pressure chamber (26) on the other hand can be effected alternatively by way of the cylinder base (14).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that a liquid seal (5) is used as the seal, which is solid at room temperature and performs a sealing function and at temperatures suitably higher than room temperature becomes liquid again.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tensile element (3) is formed as a tube which is secured at one end to the prop head (4,24) and at the other end to the piston (9,9′,37).
  4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the tube (3) is screwed directly to the prop head (4,24) and at the other end penetrates at least partially through the piston (9,9′) and at this end is connected to a threaded nut (13) which seats axially against the piston (9,9′).
  5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the internal chamber (38) of the cylindrical tube (2) of the upper prop is tightly sealed off from the pressure chamber (26) of the steel pit prop.
  6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the sealing off is effected on the one hand by means of the connection (5) of the piston (9,9′,37) with the cylindrical tube (2) of the upper prop and on the other hand by means of seals in the region of the fixing of the tube (3) with the associated structural elements (4,24; 13; 39).
  7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the piston-side end of the tube (3) or the piston (9,9′,37) or a component (13) connected to the piston (9,9′) includes an inner stop member (11,40) which is concentric to the tensile element (7,7′) and encircles this, the compression spring (6) being seated against the stop member.
  8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the compression spring (6) is a helical compression spring.
  9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the cross section of the spring wire of the helical compression spring (6) is square or rectangular.
  10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the internal diameter of the tube (3) is only slightly greater than the external diameter of the helical compression spring (6) moving as a unit.
  11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the tensile element (7,7′) is releasably connected to the cylinder base (14,14′).
  12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the prop head is in two parts, an upper part forming the actual prop head (4), while a lower part is constructed as valve housing (24) for a charging and abstraction valve (21) which in a manner known per se is housed in the valve housing (24).
  13. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the inlet and outlet of the valve (21) are connected to the internal chamber of the tube (3) and consequently to the pressure chamber (26) directly or by way of the valve housing (24).
  14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, with a divided handgrip (18) which is displaceable and can be clamped fixedly to the external surface (27) of the cylinder (1) of the lower prop, characterised in that one part (18′) of the handgrip (18) is constructed as valve housing for a charging and abstraction valve (21) which is connected to the pressure chamber (26) by way of a flexible high pressure hose (19) and a continuing bore (22) in the cylinder base (14) and a connection piece (20) arranged thereon.
  15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that a relief bore (29) connecting the ambient atmosphere with the intermediate chamber (28) is provided in the annular collar (16).
  16. Device according to claim 15, characterised in that on the piston (9′) is arranged an over-pressure valve (15) whose input side is connected to the pressure chamber (26) and whose output side is connected to the intermediate chamber (28).
  17. Device according to claim 16, characterised in that the over-pressure valve (15) is arranged on the side of the piston (9′) which is remote from the pressure chamber (26).
  18. Device according to claim 17, characterised in that input side and output side of the over-pressure valve (15) are connected by way of bores (30,31) to the pressure chamber (26) and to the intermediate chamber (28) respectively, wherein the bore (31) for the connection of the output side to the intermediate chamber (28) issues a short distance above a piston sealing ring (10) of the piston (9′).
  19. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the piston (37) includes a safety valve (32) which in a predetermined end position of the piston (37) connects the pressure chamber (26) to the ambient atmosphere by way of a bore (33) and the intermediate chamber (28) and relief bore (29), and in that between prop head (4,24) and cylinder base is fixed a helical tension spring (50) as a restoring spring which is encircled by an element (3) taking up tensile forces between prop head (4,24) and piston (37), and a tube (51) fixed to the cylinder base (14′), said tube, at least in the compressed state of the prop, being telescopic and the surrounding helical tension spring (50) extending into the element (3) formed as a tube in order to actuate the safety valve (32).
  20. Device according to claim 19, characterised in that the safety valve (32) includes a cam (34) for the actuation, said cam resting against the upper surface of the tensile element (7′) or of the tube (51) and being transferred into another switching state by a change in the shape of the upper surface in the position corresponding to the predetermined end position.
  21. Device according to claim 20, characterised in that the change in upper surface shape is an annular groove (35), protuberance or indentation or slot.
  22. Device according to claim 20, characterised in that the change in shape of the upper surface is provided by the end (52) of the tube (51).
  23. Device according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterised in that the piston (37) includes a recess (41) in its side facing the pressure chamber (26), with the safety valve being inserted into the bottom (42) of the recess to such a depth and being connected on the output side with the bore (33) such that it does not protrude beyond the upper edge (43) into the pressure chamber (26).
  24. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18 and 23, characterised in that the tensile element (7′) is hollow over at least a part of its length and is fixed by means of a threaded plug (44) to the cylinder base (14′).
  25. Device according to at least one of claims 19 to 24, characterised in that the piston (37) is divided transversely and consists of a tube end plate (39) and a stop member (40) extending axially in the direction towards the pressure chamber (26).
  26. Device according to claim 25, characterised in that the stop member (40) includes the safety valve (32) and the bore (33) as well as at least one guide ring (12) and at least one sealing ring (10) and a central bore (45), wherein the inner wall of the bore (45) is spaced from the outer upper surface of the tensile element (7′) or of the tube (51) so that there is a gap for the passage of the pressurised medium.
EP89112065A 1988-07-04 1989-07-01 Hydraulic steel prop Expired - Lifetime EP0349942B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89112065T ATE82616T1 (en) 1988-07-04 1989-07-01 HYDRAULIC STEEL MINE PUNCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8808519U 1988-07-04
DE8808519U DE8808519U1 (en) 1988-07-04 1988-07-04 Hydraulic steel pit ram

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0349942A1 EP0349942A1 (en) 1990-01-10
EP0349942B1 true EP0349942B1 (en) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=6825603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89112065A Expired - Lifetime EP0349942B1 (en) 1988-07-04 1989-07-01 Hydraulic steel prop

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US5051039A (en)
EP (1) EP0349942B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03500314A (en)
KR (1) KR900702175A (en)
AT (1) ATE82616T1 (en)
AU (1) AU612053B2 (en)
BG (1) BG51165A3 (en)
DE (2) DE8808519U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2036303T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3006458T3 (en)
HU (1) HU207143B (en)
NO (1) NO901014L (en)
PL (1) PL160886B1 (en)
RU (1) RU1838622C (en)
TR (1) TR23904A (en)
UA (1) UA18636A (en)
WO (1) WO1990000217A1 (en)

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JP2660569B2 (en) * 1989-02-10 1997-10-08 三菱電機株式会社 Magneto-optical recording medium
DE9005343U1 (en) * 1990-05-11 1990-08-30 Heiliger, Robert Wilhelm, 5166 Kreuzau Hydraulic steel pit ram
DE4015084A1 (en) * 1990-05-11 1991-11-14 Robert Wilhelm Heiliger METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT AND PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT PRODUCED BY THE METHOD
GB9107940D0 (en) * 1991-04-15 1991-05-29 Lucas Ind Plc Brake servo booster
DE4140317C2 (en) * 1991-12-06 1995-03-23 Vos Richard Grubenausbau Gmbh Valve arrangement for single punch expansion in underground mining and tunneling
US5348425A (en) * 1992-11-10 1994-09-20 Heiliger Robert W Piston cylinder device with a protective coating and method of producing such a coating
DE4323462C2 (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-05-04 Vos Richard Grubenausbau Gmbh Removal stamp for underground use with integrated pressure relief valve
AU2004220738B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2009-04-02 Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc. Yieldable prop having a yield section
US7134810B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2006-11-14 Jennmar Corporation Yieldable prop having a yield section
NZ524383A (en) 2002-02-22 2004-12-24 Jennmar Corp Yieldable prop
AU2003246405A1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2003-12-22 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Device for moving a pipe, pipe laying system, method for inserting a pipe section into a channel, pipe laying method
US6910834B2 (en) * 2003-05-27 2005-06-28 Burrell Mining Products, Inc. Mine prop
CA2436372A1 (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-02-04 Luc Mainville Sealing assembly for a cylinder head
CN100535394C (en) * 2005-10-31 2009-09-02 中国矿业大学 Suspension type hydraulic prop
US20120148350A1 (en) * 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 Kenneth Poulson Mine prop jack and method of prestressing a mine prop
CN102606177B (en) * 2012-03-28 2014-05-14 北京诚田恒业煤矿设备有限公司 Hydraulic prop for hydraulic support system
US8851805B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2014-10-07 Burrell Mining Products, Inc. Telescopic mine roof support
BR102014014086A2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2016-09-27 Nequir Neto Andrade pneumatic base for metal braces
US9903203B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2018-02-27 Burrell Mining Products, Inc. Ventilated mine roof support
US9611738B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2017-04-04 Burrell Mining Products, Inc. Ventilated mine roof support
RU191999U1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2019-08-29 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кузбасский государственный технический университет имени Т.Ф. Горбачева" (КузГТУ) MINERAL HYDRAULIC STAND
CN112253190B (en) * 2020-10-22 2022-06-14 白莹 Efficient and high-safety hydraulic prop for coal mine excavation

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3006458T3 (en) 1993-06-21
HUT52840A (en) 1990-08-28
RU1838622C (en) 1993-08-30
HU893797D0 (en) 1990-07-28
UA18636A (en) 1997-12-25
ATE82616T1 (en) 1992-12-15
NO901014D0 (en) 1990-03-02
BG51165A3 (en) 1993-02-15
WO1990000217A1 (en) 1990-01-11
EP0349942A1 (en) 1990-01-10
DE58902744D1 (en) 1992-12-24
HU207143B (en) 1993-03-01
KR900702175A (en) 1990-12-06
AU3842489A (en) 1990-01-23
US5051039A (en) 1991-09-24
JPH03500314A (en) 1991-01-24
TR23904A (en) 1990-11-01
DE8808519U1 (en) 1989-11-02
ES2036303T3 (en) 1993-05-16
PL160886B1 (en) 1993-04-30
AU612053B2 (en) 1991-06-27
NO901014L (en) 1990-03-02

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