EP0133241B1 - Sliding piston drive - Google Patents

Sliding piston drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0133241B1
EP0133241B1 EP19840108471 EP84108471A EP0133241B1 EP 0133241 B1 EP0133241 B1 EP 0133241B1 EP 19840108471 EP19840108471 EP 19840108471 EP 84108471 A EP84108471 A EP 84108471A EP 0133241 B1 EP0133241 B1 EP 0133241B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston rod
piston
drive
cylinder
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840108471
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0133241A1 (en
Inventor
Alex K. Gebauer
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Cessione inventio AG
Original Assignee
Ak Gebauer & Cie Spezialfabrik fur Aufzuge
Ak Gebauer & Cie Spezialfabrik fur Aufzuege
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/04Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thrust piston drive with a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, which has a piston in the hydraulic cylinder sealingly guided with a piston rod.
  • Thrust piston drives are used extensively in various areas of technology in order to move any loads over the stroke length.
  • the forces required for this are practically not limited by the pressure generators available or the strength of the material available for the parts exposed to pressure, nor by the seals. This is also the reason why the thrust piston drives offer many possible uses due to their high work and power density.
  • a limitation of the performance of the thrust piston drives does not result from the usually relevant criteria, but from the problem of kink resistance.
  • the free length, which is decisive for determining the buckling strength, of the thrust piston parts exposed to the pressure load limits the stroke of a thrust piston drive to a far greater extent than all other properties of the components used, which are used in the thrust piston drive. It is therefore also customary to use a plunger or plunger instead of a lifting element consisting of a piston and piston rod in the case of thrust piston drives for large stroke lengths which are designed to be single-acting.
  • Hydraulic lifts that are not subject to buckling are known, but these are solutions that deviate from the usual thrust piston drives consisting of cylinder, piston and piston rod.
  • the stationary piston rod has a smaller diameter at the top and a larger diameter at the bottom, the cylinder being guided on the piston rod so that it can be raised and lowered.
  • the elevator is guided on a slotted tube through which it is coupled to the cylinder. It is disadvantageous that the piston rod must be greater by the length of the cylinder than the stroke length of the elevator and by this length projects beyond the stroke length of the elevator. In addition, the suspension point must bear the entire weight of the elevator and the payload and must therefore be strong.
  • a piston is guided in a tube, which has a longitudinal slot for fastening the elevator for an outwardly extending support arm supported on the piston.
  • the longitudinal slot is covered by a flexible sealing strip, which is lifted off when the support arm passes through.
  • the piston rod is assigned at least one guide rod which extends in the same or parallel axis and forms a guide on the inner circumference or on the outer circumference of the piston rod and, by means of brackets with an outside of the push piston drive, the buckling loads occurring in the push piston drive Suspended support is firmly connected, with the piston rod having an elongated slot for carrying out the spaced-apart mounts to the outside when the guide rod is on the inside and the latter when the guide rod is on the outside.
  • the thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed for a large stroke length and is used, for example, for lifting and lowering loads, in particular people and goods.
  • the large stroke length of the thrust piston drive is not shown in FIG. 1 because of the interruptions U and U 2 which are required for reasons of space easily recognizable.
  • the technology referred to with the collective term “long-stroke hydraulics” is understood to mean push-piston drives with stroke lengths in the order of 5-50 m. Such a drive must take into account the risk of buckling in its design, which is included in the calculation with the square of the stroke length.
  • the solution shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 allows the drive to be designed without taking the buckling into account. It is essential, however, that this design creates a clean solution that can be checked after installation and that can be used to carry out mechanical adjustments effectively.
  • the thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 carries out vertical lifting movements, but such a drive could be used in the same way in an inclined or horizontal position.
  • the thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder 1 and a piston rod 2.
  • the cylinder 1 is closed at one end by a cylinder base 3 and provided with a line connection 4 to which a pressure source 5 is connected via a controller 6.
  • the controller 6 can be designed in various ways, but this is irrelevant in connection with the present invention.
  • the inner wall 7 is machined, a piston 8 with a seal 9, for. B. from piston rings or soft sealing rings, which is connected via a coupling 10 to the piston rod 2.
  • the clutch 10 is designed such that a relative movement between the piston 8 and the piston rod 2 is possible.
  • a base 11 ′ fastened to the lower end of the piston rod 2 serves to mount the clutch 10.
  • the piston rod 2 has a hollow profile formed as a polygon.
  • the profile is a pentagon, which is composed of several rod parts 11, 12, 13, 14.
  • the rod parts 11, 12 consist of the same angle profile, while the rod parts 13, 14 consist of a flat profile.
  • the rod parts 11, 12, 13, 14 are connected to one another by connecting straps 15, 16, which consist of angle profiles.
  • the connecting straps 15 with the rod parts 13, 14 are fixed, for. B. connected by welding, while the other leg is screwed to the rod parts 11, 12.
  • the connecting strap 16 connects the two rod parts 13, 14 and is screwed to them.
  • the piston rod 2 can also be composed in a different manner and need not be designed as a pentagonal polygon.
  • the piston rod 2 has a longitudinal slot 17, the function of which will be described in more detail.
  • the polygon edges can be at least partially covered with a sliding coating 18, by means of which the piston rod 2 can be supported on the cylinder 1.
  • Fig. 1 only two connecting tabs are shown.
  • connecting lugs 15, 16 are provided over the length of the piston rod as are required for the formation of a stable piston rod.
  • a stable piston rod 2 can be put together with a relatively small number of connecting straps 15, 16 will.
  • a guide rod 19 is inserted, which also has a hollow profile designed as a polygon.
  • sliding pads 20 are applied on the outer surfaces of the guide rod 19, on which the piston rod 2 is guided.
  • the sliding pads 20 as well as the sliding pads 18 on the edges of the piston rod 2 can be designed in various ways, e.g. B. as metal or plastic shells, and in various ways on the guide rod 19 or piston rod 2, for. B. by screwing or gluing.
  • the guide rod 19 is fastened to a support 22 by means of brackets 21 which extend through the slot 17 of the piston rod 2.
  • the support 22 is located outside the thrust piston drive and is a component that is not subject to buckling.
  • the support 22 is a part which is supported on a wall 23 or anchored in the same.
  • the holder 21 is composed of a threaded bolt 24, a plate-shaped nut 25 lying against the inner wall of the guide rod 19, a lock nut 26 with an intermediate ring 27 and a lock nut 28 for fastening the holder 21 to the support 22. So that the connection between the brackets 21 and the guide rod 19 can be easily established, the guide rod 19 also has a longitudinal slot 29.
  • the cylinder base 3 is supported on a base 30 with its cylinder base 3.
  • the cylinder 1 is anchored in the wall 23 by a fastening, not shown in detail.
  • the thrust piston drive shown in Fig. 3-5 can also be used for long stroke lengths.
  • the thrust piston is Drive shown with interruptions.
  • Reference numerals which correspond to those in FIGS. 1 and 2 designate the same parts in FIGS. 3-5 and are therefore no longer described.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the push piston drive according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is that although a guide rod 31 is also used, it guides the piston rod 2 on its outer circumference.
  • the guide rod 31 is formed from two hollow profiles 31 ′, 31 ′′ which are provided with flat flanges on their longitudinal edges 34, 35, see FIG. 5.
  • the guide rod 31 forms a longitudinal slot with the longitudinal edges 35, which extends along the stroke of the piston rod 2.
  • the longitudinal slot 33 enables the arrangement of a support bracket 56 connected to the piston rod 2, which is fixedly connected to the piston rod 2 at the free end thereof.
  • the support bracket 56 is used to fasten the load to be raised and lowered by the thrust piston drive (not shown).
  • the guide rod 31 is encompassed by brackets 21, see FIG. 4, which are composed of two identical, concave parts 40.
  • the concave parts 40 are held together by screws 36, one of which is shown in FIG. 4, while simultaneously pressing the hollow profiles 31 ', 31' "together, and are connected to the support 22 by means of a strut 41.
  • the brackets 21 are in the area of the longitudinal slot 33 with adjusting means 53 in the form of a cap screw 54 with a lock nut 55.
  • the cap screws 54 can exert pressure on the longitudinal edges 35 of the hollow profiles 31 ', 31 ", which means that if there are several successive guide rods 31, the profiles at the interfaces are precise can be adjusted in alignment.
  • the thrust piston drives described are, as already mentioned, used for long stroke lengths. It may be necessary to use several parts for the cylinder 1 and for the piston rod 2. 3, two cylinder parts 43, 44 are held together by a pipe coupling 57.
  • the pipe coupling 57 is composed of two half-shells 45, which are placed over a sleeve 47 provided with sealing rings 46 and held together by tensioning wheels.
  • the pipe coupling 58 used for holding parts of the piston rod 2 together is simpler; it consists of a sleeve 48, through which the piston rod parts are held together by means of locking pins 49. Sealing is not necessary here, since the piston rod 2 does not come into contact with the hydraulic medium.
  • the thrust piston drives described make it possible to work with an optimal working pressure of the transmission medium regardless of the stroke length.
  • the piston rod 2 can be designed with a cross section that corresponds to the pressure force actually occurring during operation. This advantage is essential because, in particular in the case of controlled or regulated acceleration and deceleration processes during the lifting movement, the control elements used for this do not work satisfactorily in any large pressure ranges without considerable complications, and thus a substantial improvement is achieved if at least the factors related to buckling can be eliminated.
  • Even if the described thrust piston drive is only single-acting and could only be combined in a double-acting manner, on the other hand the advantages that can be achieved with it, in particular the large stroke length, are so great that it represents the most economical solution for a large number of applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schubkolbenantrieb mit einem einfach wirkenden Hydrozylinder, der einen im Hydrozylinder dichtend geführten Kolben mit einer Kolbenstange aufweist.The invention relates to a thrust piston drive with a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, which has a piston in the hydraulic cylinder sealingly guided with a piston rod.

Schubkolbenantriebe werden in grossem Umfang auf verschiedenen Gebieten der Technik eingesetzt, um damit beliebige Lasten über die Hublänge zu bewegen. Die hierfür benötigten Kräfte werden hierbei praktisch weder durch die zur Verfügung stehenden Druckerzeuger oder die Festigkeit des zur Verfügung stehenden Materials für die dem Druck ausgesetzten Teile noch durch die Dichtungen begrenzt. Dies ist auch der Grund, weshalb sich den Schubkolbenantrieben wegen ihrer hohen Arbeits- und Leistungsdichte viele Einsatzmöglichkeiten bieten. Eine Begrenzung der Leistungsfähigkeit der Schubkolbenantriebe ergibt sich damit nicht aus den üblicherweise massgebenden Kriterien, sondern durch das Problem der Knickfestigkeit. Die freie, für die Ermittlung der Knickfestigkeit massgebende Länge der der Druckbelastung ausgesetzten Schubkolbenteile begrenzt den Hub eines Schubkolbenantriebes in weit grösserem Masse als alle anderen Eigenschaften der erwähnten, beim Schubkolbenantrieb eingesetzten verwendeten Komponenten. Es ist deshalb auch üblich, bei Schubkolbenantrieben für grosse Hublänge, die einfach wirkend ausgebildet sind, kein aus Kolben und Kolbenstange bestehendes Hubelement, sondern einen Plunger oder Tauchkolben zu verwenden.Thrust piston drives are used extensively in various areas of technology in order to move any loads over the stroke length. The forces required for this are practically not limited by the pressure generators available or the strength of the material available for the parts exposed to pressure, nor by the seals. This is also the reason why the thrust piston drives offer many possible uses due to their high work and power density. A limitation of the performance of the thrust piston drives does not result from the usually relevant criteria, but from the problem of kink resistance. The free length, which is decisive for determining the buckling strength, of the thrust piston parts exposed to the pressure load limits the stroke of a thrust piston drive to a far greater extent than all other properties of the components used, which are used in the thrust piston drive. It is therefore also customary to use a plunger or plunger instead of a lifting element consisting of a piston and piston rod in the case of thrust piston drives for large stroke lengths which are designed to be single-acting.

Es hat deshalb nicht an Vorschlägen gefehlt, diese Einschränkung durch konstruktive Massnahmen zu verbessern. So ist es bei Teleskop-Schubkolbenantrieben bekannt, ihre einzelnen Stufen durch Führungsjoche an benachbarten, festen und nicht der Knickung unterworfenen Bauteilen abzustützen, doch verbleiben immer noch freie Knicklängen. Auch bei doppelt wirkenden Schubkolbenantrieben sind solche Abstützungen bekannt, wobei die ausserhalb der Zylinder liegenden freien Kolbenstangenteile durch konzentrisch angeordnete Führungsrollen abgestützt werden. Auch hier verbleiben als Nachteil freie Knicklängen.There has been no shortage of proposals to improve this restriction through constructive measures. It is known with telescopic thrust piston drives to support their individual stages by guide yokes on adjacent, fixed components that are not subject to buckling, but there are still free buckling lengths. Such supports are also known in double-acting thrust piston drives, the free piston rod parts lying outside the cylinders being supported by concentrically arranged guide rollers. Here, too, free kink lengths remain as a disadvantage.

Der Knickung nicht unterworfene hydraulische Aufzüge sind zwar bekannt, doch handelt es sich hierbei um vom üblichen, aus Zylinder, Kolben und Kolbenstange bestehenden Schubkolbenantrieben abweichende Lösungen.Hydraulic lifts that are not subject to buckling are known, but these are solutions that deviate from the usual thrust piston drives consisting of cylinder, piston and piston rod.

Bei einem solchen bekannten Aufzug (DE-C-55 607) weist die ortsfest angeordnete Kolbenstange einen oben kleineren und unten grösseren Durchmesser auf, wobei der Zylinder auf der Kolbenstange heb- und senkbar geführt ist. Der Fahrstuhl ist auf einem, mit einem Schlitz versehenen Rohr geführt, durch welchen er mit dem Zylinder gekuppelt ist. Nachteilig ist, dass die Kolbenstange um die Länge des Zylinders grösser sein muss als die Hublänge des Fahrstuhles und um diese Länge die Hublänge des Fahrstuhls überragt. Zudem hat der Aufhängepunkt das ganze Gewicht des Aufzuges und die Nutzlast zu tragen und muss dementsprechend stark ausgebildet sein.In such a known elevator (DE-C-55 607), the stationary piston rod has a smaller diameter at the top and a larger diameter at the bottom, the cylinder being guided on the piston rod so that it can be raised and lowered. The elevator is guided on a slotted tube through which it is coupled to the cylinder. It is disadvantageous that the piston rod must be greater by the length of the cylinder than the stroke length of the elevator and by this length projects beyond the stroke length of the elevator. In addition, the suspension point must bear the entire weight of the elevator and the payload and must therefore be strong.

Bei einem anderen bekannten Aufzug dieser Art (CH-A-436 617) ist in einem Rohr ein Kolben geführt, welcher für die Befestigung des Fahrstuhles einen Längsschlitz für einen sich nach aussen erstreckenden, am Kolben abgestützten Tragarm aufweist. Der Längsschlitz ist durch einen flexiblen Dichtungsstrang abgedeckt, welcher bei der Durchfahrt des Tragarmes abgehoben wird. Nachteilig ist, dass eine zuverlässige Abdichtung nicht zu erreichen ist, da der Dichtungsstrang wegen des Längsschlitzes bei der Druckbelastung eine nicht abgestützte Partie aufweist, welche seine Lebensdauer beschränkt.In another known elevator of this type (CH-A-436 617), a piston is guided in a tube, which has a longitudinal slot for fastening the elevator for an outwardly extending support arm supported on the piston. The longitudinal slot is covered by a flexible sealing strip, which is lifted off when the support arm passes through. It is disadvantageous that a reliable seal cannot be achieved, since the sealing strand has an unsupported part due to the longitudinal slot during the pressure load, which limits its service life.

Hier setzt die Erfindung ein, der die Aufgabe zugrunde liegt, einen Schubkolbenantrieb der eingangs beschriebenen Art, so auszugestalten, dass bei einer normalen Anordnung von Zylinder, Kolben und Kolbenstange bei letzterer keine freie Knicklänge zu berücksichtigen ist und damit Hublängen für Aufzüge erreicht werden können, die wesentlich über den durch die freie Knicklänge begrenzten Hublängen liegen.This is where the invention comes in, which is based on the object of designing a push piston drive of the type described at the outset in such a way that with a normal arrangement of the cylinder, piston and piston rod no free buckling length has to be taken into account in the latter and stroke lengths for elevators can thus be achieved, which are significantly above the stroke lengths limited by the free kink length.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäss der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass der Kolbenstange mindestens eine gleich- oder parallelaxig verlaufende Führungsstange zugeordnet ist, die eine Führung am Innenumfang oder am Aussenumfang der Kolbenstange bildet und durch Halterungen mit einer ausserhalb des Schubkolbenantriebes befindlichen, den im Schubkolbenantrieb auftretenden Knickbelastungen nicht ausgesetzten Abstützung fest verbunden ist, wobei zur Durchführung der mit Abstand angeordneten Halterungen nach aussen bei innenliegender Führungsstange die Kolbenstange und bei aussenliegender Führungsstange die letztere einen Längsschlitz aufweist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the piston rod is assigned at least one guide rod which extends in the same or parallel axis and forms a guide on the inner circumference or on the outer circumference of the piston rod and, by means of brackets with an outside of the push piston drive, the buckling loads occurring in the push piston drive Suspended support is firmly connected, with the piston rod having an elongated slot for carrying out the spaced-apart mounts to the outside when the guide rod is on the inside and the latter when the guide rod is on the outside.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt eines Schubkolbenantriebes,
  • Figur 2 einen Horizontalschnitt des Schubkolbenantriebes nach Figur 1 längs der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 einen Längsschnitt eines weiteren Schubkolbenantriebes,
  • Figur 4 eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung IV in Fig. 3 und
  • Figur 5 einen Schnitt längs der Linie V-V in Fig. 3.
The invention is shown in the drawing in one embodiment and described below. Show it :
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a thrust piston drive,
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section of the thrust piston drive according to FIG. 1 along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a further thrust piston drive,
  • Figure 4 is a view in the direction of arrow IV in Fig. 3 and
  • FIG. 5 shows a section along the line VV in FIG. 3.

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Schubkolbenantrieb ist für eine grosse Hublänge ausgelegt und dient beispielsweise zum Heben und Senken von Lasten, insbesondere von Personen und Gütern. Die grosse Hublänge des Schubkolbenantriebes ist aus Fig. 1 wegen der aus Platzgründen erforderlichen Unterbrechungen U, und U2 nicht ohne weiteres erkennbar. Unter der mit dem Sammelbegriff « Langhubhydraulik » bezeichneten Technik werden Schubkolbenantriebe mit Hublängen in der Grössenordnung von 5-50 m verstanden. Ein solcher Antrieb muss zu seiner Auslegung die Knickgefahr berücksichtigen, die in der Rechnung mit dem Quadrat der Hublänge eingeht. Die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Lösung erlaubt es, die Auslegung des Antriebes ohne Berücksichtigung der Knickung durchzuführen. Wesentlich ist jedoch, dass mit dieser Konstruktion eine saubere und nach der Installation überprüfbare Lösung geschaffen wird, bei der mechanische Anpassungen wirkungsvoll durchgeführt werden können.The thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed for a large stroke length and is used, for example, for lifting and lowering loads, in particular people and goods. The large stroke length of the thrust piston drive is not shown in FIG. 1 because of the interruptions U and U 2 which are required for reasons of space easily recognizable. The technology referred to with the collective term “long-stroke hydraulics” is understood to mean push-piston drives with stroke lengths in the order of 5-50 m. Such a drive must take into account the risk of buckling in its design, which is included in the calculation with the square of the stroke length. The solution shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 allows the drive to be designed without taking the buckling into account. It is essential, however, that this design creates a clean solution that can be checked after installation and that can be used to carry out mechanical adjustments effectively.

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Schubkolbenantrieb führt vertikale Hubbewegungen aus, jedoch könnte ein solcher Antrieb in gleicher Weise in geneigter oder horizontaler Lage eingesetzt werden.The thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 carries out vertical lifting movements, but such a drive could be used in the same way in an inclined or horizontal position.

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Schubkolbenantrieb weist einen Hydrozylinder mit einem Zylinder 1 und einer Kolbenstange 2 auf. Der Zylinder 1 ist an einem Ende durch einen Zylinderboden 3 abgeschlossen und mit einem Leitungsanschluss 4 versehen, an dem eine Druckquelle 5 über eine Steuerung 6 angeschlossen ist. Die Steuerung 6 kann hierbei in verschiedener Weise ausgelegt sein, was jedoch im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung ohne Belang ist. In dem Zylinder 1, dessen Innenwandung 7 bearbeitet ist, ist ein Kolben 8 mit einer Dichtung 9, z. B. aus Kolbenringen oder Weichdichtungsringen, eingebaut, der über eine Kupplung 10 mit der Kolbenstange 2 verbunden ist. Die Kupplung 10 ist derart ausgeführt, dass eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Kolben 8 und der Kolbenstange 2 möglich ist. Ein am unteren Ende der Kolbenstange 2 befestigter Boden 11' dient der Lagerung der Kupplung 10.The thrust piston drive shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder 1 and a piston rod 2. The cylinder 1 is closed at one end by a cylinder base 3 and provided with a line connection 4 to which a pressure source 5 is connected via a controller 6. The controller 6 can be designed in various ways, but this is irrelevant in connection with the present invention. In the cylinder 1, the inner wall 7 is machined, a piston 8 with a seal 9, for. B. from piston rings or soft sealing rings, which is connected via a coupling 10 to the piston rod 2. The clutch 10 is designed such that a relative movement between the piston 8 and the piston rod 2 is possible. A base 11 ′ fastened to the lower end of the piston rod 2 serves to mount the clutch 10.

Aus Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass die Kolbenstange 2 ein als Polygon ausgebildetes Hohlprofil aufweist. In Fig. 2 ist das Profil ein Fünfeck, das aus mehreren Stangenteilen 11, 12, 13, 14 zusammengesetzt ist. Die Stangenteile 11, 12 bestehen aus demselben Winkelprofil, während die Stangenteile 13, 14 aus einem Flachprofil bestehen. Die Stangenteile 11, 12, 13, 14 sind durch Verbindungslaschen 15, 16, die aus Winkelprofilen bestehen, miteinander verbunden. Hierbei sind die Verbindungslaschen 15 mit den Stangenteilen 13, 14 fest, z. B. durch eine Schweissung, verbunden, während der andere Schenkel mit den Stangenteilen 11, 12 verschraubt ist. Die Verbindungslasche 16 verbindet die beiden Stangenteile 13,14 und ist mit diesen verschraubt. Die Kolbenstange 2 kann auch in anderer Weise zusammengesetzt sein und braucht auch nicht als fünfeckiges Polygon ausgebildet zu sein. Wesentlich ist, dass die Kolbenstange 2 einen Längsschlitz 17 aufweist, dessen Funktion noch genauer beschrieben wird. Die Polygonkanten können mindestens teilweise mit einem Gleitbelag 18 belegt sein, über den sich die Kolbenstange 2 am Zylinder 1 abstützen kann. In Fig. 1 sind nur zwei Verbindungslaschen dargestellt. Es werden jedoch über die Länge der Kolbenstange soviele Verbindungslaschen 15, 16 vorgesehen, als für die Bildung einer stabilen Kolbenstange erforderlich sind. Da jedoch die auf die Kolbenstange 2 durch die zu befördernden Lasten wirkenden Kräfte in horizontaler Richtung, die das Ausknicken erzeugen könnten, auch bei unsymmetrisch angreifender Last verhältnismässig klein sind, kann bereits mit einer relativ kleinen Zahl von Verbindungslaschen 15, 16 eine stabile Kolbenstange 2 zusammengestellt werden.From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the piston rod 2 has a hollow profile formed as a polygon. In Fig. 2 the profile is a pentagon, which is composed of several rod parts 11, 12, 13, 14. The rod parts 11, 12 consist of the same angle profile, while the rod parts 13, 14 consist of a flat profile. The rod parts 11, 12, 13, 14 are connected to one another by connecting straps 15, 16, which consist of angle profiles. Here, the connecting straps 15 with the rod parts 13, 14 are fixed, for. B. connected by welding, while the other leg is screwed to the rod parts 11, 12. The connecting strap 16 connects the two rod parts 13, 14 and is screwed to them. The piston rod 2 can also be composed in a different manner and need not be designed as a pentagonal polygon. It is essential that the piston rod 2 has a longitudinal slot 17, the function of which will be described in more detail. The polygon edges can be at least partially covered with a sliding coating 18, by means of which the piston rod 2 can be supported on the cylinder 1. In Fig. 1 only two connecting tabs are shown. However, as many connecting lugs 15, 16 are provided over the length of the piston rod as are required for the formation of a stable piston rod. However, since the forces acting on the piston rod 2 by the loads to be transported in the horizontal direction, which could cause the buckling, are relatively small even when the load is asymmetrically applied, a stable piston rod 2 can be put together with a relatively small number of connecting straps 15, 16 will.

Im Innern des Hohlprofils der Kolbenstange 2 ist eine Führungsstange 19 eingesetzt, die ebenfalls ein als Polygon ausgebildetes Hohlprofil aufweist. An den Aussenflächen der Führungsstange 19, an denen die Kolbenstange 2 geführt ist, sind Gleitbeläge 20 aufgebracht. Die Gleitbeläge 20 wie auch die Gleitbeläge.18 an den Kanten der Kolbenstange 2 können in verschiedener Weise ausgeführt, z. B. als Metalloder Kunststoffschalen, und in verschiedener Weise auf der Führungsstange 19 bzw. Kolbenstange 2 befestigt sein, z. B. durch Aufschrauben oder Kleben.In the interior of the hollow profile of the piston rod 2, a guide rod 19 is inserted, which also has a hollow profile designed as a polygon. On the outer surfaces of the guide rod 19, on which the piston rod 2 is guided, sliding pads 20 are applied. The sliding pads 20 as well as the sliding pads 18 on the edges of the piston rod 2 can be designed in various ways, e.g. B. as metal or plastic shells, and in various ways on the guide rod 19 or piston rod 2, for. B. by screwing or gluing.

Die Führungsstange 19 ist mittels Halterungen 21, die sich durch den Schlitz 17 der Kolbenstange 2 erstrecken, an einer Abstützung 22 befestigt. Die Abstützung 22 liegt ausserhalb des Schubkolbenantriebes und stellt einen Bauteil dar, der nicht der Knickung unterworfen ist. In Fig. 1 stellt die Abstützung 22 einen Teil dar, der sich an einer Wand 23 abstützt oder in derselben verankert ist. Die Halterung 21 setzt sich aus einem Gewindebolzen 24, einer an der Innenwand der Führungsstange 19 anliegenden plattenförmigen Mutter 25, einer Gegenmutter 26 mit einem Zwischenring 27 und einer Gegenmutter 28 für die Befestigung der Halterung 21 an der Abstützung 22 zusammen. Damit die Verbindung zwischen den Halterungen 21 und der Führungsstange 19 leicht hergestellt werden kann, weist auch die Führungsstange 19 einen Längsschlitz 29 auf. Es ist auch möglich, anstelle eines Längsschlitzes 29, der sich praktisch über die ganze Länge der Führungsstange 19 erstreckt, Teilschlitze anzuordnen und durch diese die Montage der Halterungen 21 vorzunehmen. Im Schubkolbenantrieb nach Fig. 1 und 2 ist nur ein Längsschlitz 17 in der Kolbenstange 2 bzw. ein Längsschlitz 29 in der Führungsstange 19 vorgesehen, jedoch könnten mehrere solcher Schlitze angeordnet sein, wenn dies für die Abstützung und Montage der Führungsstange 19 zweckmässig ist. Aus Fig. 1 ist weiter ersichtlich, dass die Führungsstange 19 mit den Halterungen 21 oberhalb des Zylinders 1 angeordnet ist ; im Zylinder 1 kann sich die Kolbenstange 2 an der Innenwand abstützen.The guide rod 19 is fastened to a support 22 by means of brackets 21 which extend through the slot 17 of the piston rod 2. The support 22 is located outside the thrust piston drive and is a component that is not subject to buckling. In Fig. 1, the support 22 is a part which is supported on a wall 23 or anchored in the same. The holder 21 is composed of a threaded bolt 24, a plate-shaped nut 25 lying against the inner wall of the guide rod 19, a lock nut 26 with an intermediate ring 27 and a lock nut 28 for fastening the holder 21 to the support 22. So that the connection between the brackets 21 and the guide rod 19 can be easily established, the guide rod 19 also has a longitudinal slot 29. It is also possible to arrange partial slots instead of a longitudinal slot 29, which extends practically over the entire length of the guide rod 19, and to mount the brackets 21 through them. 1 and 2, only one longitudinal slot 17 is provided in the piston rod 2 or one longitudinal slot 29 in the guide rod 19, however, several such slots could be arranged if this is expedient for supporting and assembling the guide rod 19. From Fig. 1 it can also be seen that the guide rod 19 with the brackets 21 is arranged above the cylinder 1; in the cylinder 1, the piston rod 2 can be supported on the inner wall.

Der Zylinder 1 ist mit seinem Zylinderboden 3 auf einer Unterlage 30 abgestützt. Durch eine, nicht näher dargestellte Befestigung ist der Zylinder 1 in der Wand 23 verankert.The cylinder base 3 is supported on a base 30 with its cylinder base 3. The cylinder 1 is anchored in the wall 23 by a fastening, not shown in detail.

Der in Fig. 3-5 dargestellte Schubkolbenantrieb ist ebenfalls für grosse Hublängen anwendbar. Auch hier ist aus Platzgründen der Schubkolbenantrieb mit Unterbrechungen dargestellt. Bezugszeichen, die mit denjenigen in Fig. 1 und 2 übereinstimmen, bezeichnen in Fig. 3-5 dieselben Teile und werden deshalb nicht mehr beschrieben. Der Unterschied dieser Ausführungsform zum Schubkolbenantrieb nach Fig. 1 und 2 besteht darin, dass zwar ebenfalls eine Führungsstange 31 Anwendung findet, die jedoch die Kolbenstange 2 an ihrem Aussenumfang führt.The thrust piston drive shown in Fig. 3-5 can also be used for long stroke lengths. Here too, for reasons of space, the thrust piston is Drive shown with interruptions. Reference numerals which correspond to those in FIGS. 1 and 2 designate the same parts in FIGS. 3-5 and are therefore no longer described. The difference between this embodiment and the push piston drive according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is that although a guide rod 31 is also used, it guides the piston rod 2 on its outer circumference.

Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, ist die Führungsstange 31 aus zwei Hohlprofilen 31', 31" gebildet, die an ihren Längsrändern 34, 35 mit ebenen Flanschen versehen sind, siehe Fig. 5.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the guide rod 31 is formed from two hollow profiles 31 ′, 31 ″ which are provided with flat flanges on their longitudinal edges 34, 35, see FIG. 5.

Bei mit den Längsrändern 34 aufeinandergelegten Hohlprofilen bildet die Führungsstange 31 mit den Längsrändern 35 einen Längsschlitz, der sich längs des Hubes der Kolbenstange 2 erstreckt. Der Längsschlitz 33 ermöglicht die Anordnung einer mit der Kolbenstange 2 verbundenen Tragkonsole 56, die am freien Ende der Kolbenstange 2 mit dieser fest verbunden ist. Die Tragkonsole 56 dient der Befestigung der durch den Schubkolbenantrieb zu hebenden und senkenden Last (nicht dargestellt).In the case of hollow profiles placed on top of one another with the longitudinal edges 34, the guide rod 31 forms a longitudinal slot with the longitudinal edges 35, which extends along the stroke of the piston rod 2. The longitudinal slot 33 enables the arrangement of a support bracket 56 connected to the piston rod 2, which is fixedly connected to the piston rod 2 at the free end thereof. The support bracket 56 is used to fasten the load to be raised and lowered by the thrust piston drive (not shown).

Die Führungsstange 31 wird durch Halterungen 21, siehe Fig. 4, umfasst, die aus zwei gleichen, konkaven Teilen 40 zusammengesetzt sind. Die konkaven Teile 40 sind durch Schrauben 36, von denen eine in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, unter gleichzeitigem Zusammenpressen der Hohlprofile 31', 31'" fest zusammengehalten und sind durch eine Strebe 41 mit der Abstützung 22 verbunden. Die Halterungen 21 sind im Bereich des Längsschlitzes 33 mit Einstellmitteln 53 in Form einer Kopfschraube 54 mit einer Gegenmutter 55 versehen. Durch die Kopfschrauben 54 kann ein Druck auf die Längsränder 35 der Hohlprofile 31', 31" ausgeübt werden, wodurch bei mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Führungsstangen 31 die Profile an den Schnittstellen genau fluchtend justiert werden können.The guide rod 31 is encompassed by brackets 21, see FIG. 4, which are composed of two identical, concave parts 40. The concave parts 40 are held together by screws 36, one of which is shown in FIG. 4, while simultaneously pressing the hollow profiles 31 ', 31' "together, and are connected to the support 22 by means of a strut 41. The brackets 21 are in the area of the longitudinal slot 33 with adjusting means 53 in the form of a cap screw 54 with a lock nut 55. The cap screws 54 can exert pressure on the longitudinal edges 35 of the hollow profiles 31 ', 31 ", which means that if there are several successive guide rods 31, the profiles at the interfaces are precise can be adjusted in alignment.

Die beschriebene Schubkolbenantriebe werden, wie bereits erwähnt wurde, für grosse Hublängen verwendet. Hierbei kann es erforderlich sein, für den Zylinder 1 und für die Kolbenstange 2 mehrere Teile zu verwenden. Wie aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, werden zwei Zylinderteile 43, 44 durch eine Rohrkupplung 57 zusammengehalten. Die Rohrkupplung 57 setzt sich aus zwei Halbschalen 45 zusammen, die über eine mit Dichtungsringen 46 versehene Hülse 47 gelegt und durch Spannräder zusammengehalten werden. Die für das Zusammenhalten von Teilen der Kolbenstange 2 verwendete Rohrkupplung 58 ist einfacher ; sie besteht aus einer Hülse 48, durch die die Kolbenstangenteile mittels Schwerspannstiften 49 zusammengehalten werden. Eine Abdichtung ist hier nicht erforderlich, da die Kolbenstange 2 nicht mit dem Hydraulikmedium in Berührung kommt.The thrust piston drives described are, as already mentioned, used for long stroke lengths. It may be necessary to use several parts for the cylinder 1 and for the piston rod 2. 3, two cylinder parts 43, 44 are held together by a pipe coupling 57. The pipe coupling 57 is composed of two half-shells 45, which are placed over a sleeve 47 provided with sealing rings 46 and held together by tensioning wheels. The pipe coupling 58 used for holding parts of the piston rod 2 together is simpler; it consists of a sleeve 48, through which the piston rod parts are held together by means of locking pins 49. Sealing is not necessary here, since the piston rod 2 does not come into contact with the hydraulic medium.

Die beschriebene Schubkolbenantriebe erlauben es, ungeachtet der Hublänge mit einem optimalen Arbeitsdruck des Uebertragungsmediums arbeiten zu können. Die Kolbenstange 2 kann dabei mit einem Querschnitt ausgebildet werden, der der tatsächlich auftretenden Druckkraft im Betrieb entspricht. Dieser Vorteil ist wesentlich, weil insbesondere bei gesteuerten oder geregelten Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungsvorgängen bei der Hubbewegung die hierfür eingesetzten Steuerungsorgane nicht in beliebig grossen Druckbereichen ohne erhebliche Komplikationen zufriedenstellend arbeiten und somit eine wesentliche Verbesserung erzielt wird, wenn man wenigstens die knickungsbedingten Faktoren beseitigen kann. Wenn auch der beschriebene Schubkolbenantrieb nur einfach wirkend ist und nur in Kombination doppeltwirkend ausgeführt werden könnte, sind andererseits die damit erreichbaren Vorteile, insbesondere die grosse Hublänge, so gross, dass er bei einer grossen Zahl von Anwendungen die wirtschaftlichste Lösung darstellt.The thrust piston drives described make it possible to work with an optimal working pressure of the transmission medium regardless of the stroke length. The piston rod 2 can be designed with a cross section that corresponds to the pressure force actually occurring during operation. This advantage is essential because, in particular in the case of controlled or regulated acceleration and deceleration processes during the lifting movement, the control elements used for this do not work satisfactorily in any large pressure ranges without considerable complications, and thus a substantial improvement is achieved if at least the factors related to buckling can be eliminated. Even if the described thrust piston drive is only single-acting and could only be combined in a double-acting manner, on the other hand the advantages that can be achieved with it, in particular the large stroke length, are so great that it represents the most economical solution for a large number of applications.

Claims (6)

1. Sliding piston drive with a single-acting hydraulic cylinder (1) including a piston (8) tightly guided in the cylinder (1) with a piston rod (2), characterized in that at least one coaxial or parallel-axial guide bar (19, 31) is assigned to the piston rod (2) and serves as guide on the inner or outer surface of the piston rod (2) and is connected by means of mounting supports (21) to braces (22) outside the sliding piston drive and is not exposed to the bending load occuring in said drive, and that a duct is provided for the spaced mounting supports (21), if the guide bar (19) is on the inside, and if the guide bar (31) is on the outside, said bar (31) has a longitudinal slot (17 or 33).
2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod (2) is a hollow polygon section, which preferably is assembled from two or more rod portions (11, 12, 13, 14) extending over the total length of the piston rod, which portions are connected with each other e. g. by means of cover plates (15, 16) bolted or welded together on the inside.
3. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting supports (21), in case of exterior guidance of the piston rod (2), include adjusting means (53), e. g. a bolt (54) with a nut (55), for exactly aligned adjustment of successive guide bars (31).
4. Drive according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that a bracket (56) for load fastening is mounted at the free end of the piston rod (2), which bracket extends through the longitudinal slot (33) of the guide bar (31).
5. Drive according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the piston rod (2), e. g. by mutual radial displacement, is connected with the piston (8) by means of a flexible coupling (10).
6. Drive according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cylinder (1) and the piston rod (2) consist of several parts, that the parts of the cylinder are connected to each other by exterior pipe couplings (57), and that the parts of the piston rod are connected by interior pipe couplings (58).
EP19840108471 1983-07-22 1984-07-18 Sliding piston drive Expired EP0133241B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH403283 1983-07-22
CH4032/83 1983-07-22

Publications (2)

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EP0133241A1 EP0133241A1 (en) 1985-02-20
EP0133241B1 true EP0133241B1 (en) 1987-09-09

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EP19840108471 Expired EP0133241B1 (en) 1983-07-22 1984-07-18 Sliding piston drive

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DE (1) DE3465968D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1244782A (en) * 1984-12-24 1988-11-15 Richard J. Ericson Holeless hydraulic elevator with improved car frame
CH674641A5 (en) * 1986-06-11 1990-06-29 Gebauer Ag
WO2017171597A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Saab Ab A counterweighted roped hydraulic lifting system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE55607C (en) * O. KRELL in St. Peters. bui-g Immediately acting liquid. pressure elevator
DE814085C (en) * 1950-01-31 1951-09-20 Walter Theobald Piston guides on machines with large stroke lengths, especially on hydraulic planing machines
US2854952A (en) * 1954-12-29 1958-10-07 Wilson John Hart Threadless coupled, slender ratio, hydraulic cylinder-plunger assembly
CH436617A (en) * 1965-04-20 1967-05-31 Roethlin Albert Hydraulic or pneumatic conveying device
US4225014A (en) * 1978-11-28 1980-09-30 The Texacone Company Self-aligning elevator connection

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EP0133241A1 (en) 1985-02-20
DE3465968D1 (en) 1987-10-15

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