EP0347354A1 - Senden von Nachrichten, insbesondere Verkehrsnachrichten, zu festen und beweglichen Empfängern für intermittierenden Zuhören - Google Patents

Senden von Nachrichten, insbesondere Verkehrsnachrichten, zu festen und beweglichen Empfängern für intermittierenden Zuhören Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0347354A1
EP0347354A1 EP89460016A EP89460016A EP0347354A1 EP 0347354 A1 EP0347354 A1 EP 0347354A1 EP 89460016 A EP89460016 A EP 89460016A EP 89460016 A EP89460016 A EP 89460016A EP 0347354 A1 EP0347354 A1 EP 0347354A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
message
information
messages
priori
broadcast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89460016A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0347354B1 (de
Inventor
Denis M. Renault
Alain M. Poignet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
Orange SA
Original Assignee
Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
France Telecom SA
Etat Francais
Centre National dEtudes des Telecommunications CNET
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Application filed by Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion, France Telecom SA, Etat Francais, Centre National dEtudes des Telecommunications CNET filed Critical Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
Publication of EP0347354A1 publication Critical patent/EP0347354A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0347354B1 publication Critical patent/EP0347354B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/092—Coding or decoding of the information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/094—Hardware aspects; Signal processing or signal properties, e.g. frequency bands

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of broadcasting systems through an imperfect transmission channel and at limited speed, intended for fixed or mobile receivers with intermittent listening.
  • the broadcasting method relates to messages carrying state information of the attributes of a distribution of objects: in the case of traffic information messages, the objects are for example made up of sections of a road infrastructure, characterized by attributes such as fluidity.
  • German ARI system developed by the company BOSCH, consists of add a carrier in an FM channel.
  • the carrier's broadcast selectively corresponds to the moments when a journalist broadcasts, on an agreed radio station, information relating to road traffic.
  • Each adapted receiver is therefore provided with means for switching reception to the frequency of this radio chain, throughout the duration of transmission of the carrier.
  • This operational system has real efficiency, but its very reduced capacity, which is essentially limited to sending binary information (existence or not of the carrier), does not allow the transmission of road information directly interpretable by memory means. and on-board processing.
  • the object of the invention is to meet this type of requirement.
  • each information message broadcast comprises means of identifying the message distinct from the content of the message, as well as a priori time information of expiry of said message, in that each of said receivers comprises means for early replacement and / or cancellation of an earlier message upon receipt of a separate subsequent message with the same identifier, and in that each message is broadcast repeatedly until said a priori expiry time, or until its replacement or early cancellation.
  • said identification means include a message version number, which is different for each successive new set of deviation information for the same object or group of objects.
  • group of objects covers for example all of the objects successively concerned by the same "phenomenon".
  • a phenomenon is for example constituted by a local traffic jam which extends, over time, over a variable number of road sections.
  • Said means for replacing and / or canceling an earlier message in advance include means for comparing the messages received, with the same identifiers and the same version, so as to ensure rectification of transmission errors; - in the case of the emission of subsequent messages replacing a previous message with the same identifier, said subsequent message comprising a new a priori expiration time less than the old a priori expiration time of the previous message: . said subsequent message is broadcast until said new a priori expiration time .
  • an early cancellation message of said previous message is broadcast between said new a priori expiration time and said old expiration time; - in the case of a previous multi-object message replaced at least partially by a subsequent message of the same identifier, concerning a group of objects at least partially covering the group of objects designated by said previous message, said receiver processing means proceed the cancellation of said prior message before taking into account the content of said subsequent message.
  • any broadcast of a subsequent message with the same identifier as a previous message implicitly means the cancellation of the entire previous message.
  • This procedure has the advantage of implicitly signifying the cancellation of the previous message, without at any time the processing of the messages obliges to carry out an intervention at the level of the designated objects.
  • the preferred embodiment described below concerns the broadcasting of data to mobiles, using the RDS system (Radio Data System). However, it is clear that the invention applies to the dissemination of any other type of data, applicable to other type of networks (for example the Franco-German DAB system under development).
  • the RDS system is a system which is implemented on the basis of sound broadcasting in frequency modulation (FM), as illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FM frequency modulation
  • This service was developed because of the problems posed by the short range of FM transmitters, and therefore the need to set up a network of transmitters with distributed frequencies to offer a service with large coverage.
  • This technique makes it possible to receive, at any point in the geographical area covered, a given broadcast service, provided that the receiver is tuned to the frequency of the corresponding local transmitter. This causes discomfort for the mobile user (typically the motorist) when he reaches the coverage border of the local transmitter to which it is tuned: he must indeed manually search for another frequency when the reception becomes poor.
  • the RDS system has endeavored to solve this problem by offering an automatic tuning function.
  • the principle consists in adding a digital subcarrier 60 to the basic sound signal.
  • the total spectrum of the FM channel therefore includes a first signal 61 corresponding to the addition of the stereophonic voices (D + G) / 2 (right voice plus left voice); - a subcarrier 62 at 19 KHz, which characterizes the fact that the channel is stereophonic - a signal 63 corresponding to the subtraction of the voices (D - G) / 2; - signal 60 corresponding to the RDS signal, centered on 57 KHz.
  • the amplitude of the subcarrier 60 is modulated by "biphase" representation of the data bits.
  • the digital channel thus obtained represents a capacity of 1187.5 bits per second organized in frames of 104 bits each. About 11 of these frames are transmitted by an FM / RDS transmitter every second. Each frame is identified as belonging to a certain type: 16 types are planned. All the frames contain a 16-bit word called PI (Program Identification), which characterizes by a code the program broadcast by the transmitter considered. Certain frames (of type 0) contain the list of so-called alternative frequencies and correspond schematically to the central frequencies of the surrounding transmitters which broadcast the same program.
  • PI Program Identification
  • the principle of automatic tuning is then as follows: - the receiver acquires the list of alternative frequencies; - it scans these frequencies and decides, according to its own strategy, to select the best at all times.
  • FIG. 7 A complete example of an information message is shown in FIG. 7. This standard message takes up the CEMT standard with a few modifications, notably concerning the addition of an identifier.
  • the message presented belongs to the category of messages called "user” (and therefore intended to provide the user with road information), unlike "system” messages of the type of message deletion messages as will be seen in relation to figure 8.
  • the standard message presented in FIG. 7 comprises on the one hand a header 71, on 17 bits, followed by an information train 72 on 47 bits.
  • the header includes the following fields: CYCLE 73, IDENTIFIER 75, and TYPE OF NOTIFICATION 74.
  • the CYCLE 73 field (on 1 bit) specifies a message delivery speed which is not relevant to the subject of the present invention.
  • the NOTIFICATION TYPE 74 field (on 1 bit) specifies whether the user must be notified of the receipt of the message.
  • the identifier 75 is represented on four sub-fields: - T 76, for the type of message ("user”, or “system”); - Theme 77, on 3 bits, corresponding to 8 possible themes (traffic, weather, ...); - Scope P 78, on 1 bit, (global or local message); - Number 79, on 10 bits, the last two of which are reserved for the expression of a version number (modulo 4) in the case of so-called "evolving" messages, that is to say likely to give rise to the dissemination of successive versions.
  • the information stream 72 of the message presented in FIG. 7 successively comprises a LOCALIZER sub-field 81, supplying in particular an item of item designation information and attributes to which the message relates; two fields CAUSE 82 and EFFECT 83 indicating the new value assigned to the attributes attached to the object, as well as a STOP-TIME field 84 relating to a time information a priori of expiry of the message and a COUNCIL field 85.
  • the messages broadcast can also be messages of variable length.
  • the header 71 of the message may be slightly different, for example by providing 5 additional bits for the THEME subfield 77.
  • the message stream 72 can then be replaced by fields of the "TLV" type: - T: Type on 1 byte (identification of the field), divided into two sub-fields T1.T2. (T1: nature of the attribute (s); T2: coding mode of the value taken by the attribute (s) in subfield V); - L: Length of the message of variable size, on 1 byte, and expressed in bytes; - V: Value of the message, namely its actual informative content, on L bytes.
  • the messages relating to urban traffic can be of variable length, and organized in the following manner.
  • the urban network is modeled as a set of sections.
  • Each section is identified by an 8-bit number.
  • the fluidity type message which is maintained by the information source and informs the terminals in real time of the traffic fluidity.
  • T T1.T2
  • the implementation of the invention for the dissemination of messages of the types described above, as for the dissemination of other types of messages, involves the following three principles: - the concept of equilibrium state, with respect to which deviation information is transmitted (fig. 1); - the notion of a priori hours of expiry of the message; - management of early cancellations and / or replacements of messages (fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8).
  • the proposed system is based on the assumption that any dynamic attribute (likely to vary) admits a rest value or equilibrium value (10) (Fig 1).
  • this equilibrium value (10) there is obviously no particular message to send; on the other hand, when the attribute is removed from its equilibrium position (and the phenomenon is detected), a message will come to indicate this "abnormal" state (11, 12).
  • the messages broadcast are "commands" addressed to on-board computers.
  • Each on-board terminal includes a processing and on-board storage.
  • the storage means can be either in the form of a list management system, or preferably in the form of an on-board database.
  • the on-board database is advantageously a cartographic base constituted by a set of objects; a set of attributes is attached to each object.
  • Objects when they are of a cartographic nature, can be addressed by a message field generally called “localization” or “localizer” (see Fig. 7, reference 81).
  • a typical object is a road segment, a section of road framed by two crossroads; the attributes of this object for example: the length of the segment, the category and the name of the road axis to which it belongs, the number of lanes, the direction of traffic, the fluidity, etc ... certain attributes are very static (for example the length), others are dynamic (for example the fluidity).
  • the figure illustrates the following successive situations: - until time t, circulation is normal (10) (at steady state); from t1 to t2, it is difficult (11); - from t2 to t3, it is impossible (12); - from t3 to t4, it is again difficult (11); - from t4, it is normal again (10).
  • Figure 1 illustrates the need for the system to diffuse the abnormal states all the time they last and not only during the transitions. Indeed, if only transition messages were broadcast at times t1, t2, t3 and t4, a user "listening" at time T would never be warned that the current state is "difficult"; as the instant T can be arbitrary, the message must be broadcast throughout the duration of the disturbance.
  • the temporal scope of messages can be defined in three ways: . valid information "until further notice”, . information valid until a certain a priori expiry date or time ("stop-time") appearing in the message, . information valid for a conventional and implicit period of time.
  • the first method should be avoided in an unconnected environment; in this case, in fact, the absence of a "new order" can have two origins that the receiver cannot always distinguish: - it is an intention of the source, - or it is a transmission problem (intermittent exit from the coverage area for example).
  • the second method (stop-time” explained in the message) is functionally well suited and allows unambiguous management. This will be illustrated in particular below, in the commentary associated with FIG. 5.
  • the third method (validity of the message during a conventional period) is in practice a variant of the previous one in which the "STOP-TIME" is defined, but by default and at a constant value.
  • STOP-TIME a phenomenon, described by a message already transmitted, experiences an anticipated end (compared to the a priori expiry time, or "STOP-TIME" of the message)
  • the explicit identifier 75 makes it possible to define a message-command very simple of the type: "deletion says message n0 i". This situation is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • a first message M (I) is first broadcast with t′1 as the a priori expiration time at t2 the phenomenon has disappeared prematurely; a SUP (I) deletion message must then be broadcast from t2 to t′1.
  • Each message has an expiration date in a field; when this date is reached, the stored message is automatically destroyed by the system terminals.
  • a solution could then consist simply in ceasing to broadcast the message in question; this solution is not retained because it involves managing a time-out (time after which, if the message has not been received, this will be interpreted as voluntary destruction) very difficult to implement, especially in situations of rapid variation in the number of messages to be broadcast or poor reception conditions.
  • FIG. 8 An example of the structure of such a message is presented in FIG. 8. It is a "system" type message characterized by a header 17 to 17 bits, followed by an identification 92 of the message to be deleted. If we refer to the example, the header advantageously includes the following information: Cycle (73) : any Typ (76) : system "Theme” (77) : 000 (delete) Range (78) : any Number (79) : XXXXXXXXX (non-evolving message) Notification (74) : 0 (no notification)
  • FIG. 5 translates a slightly different replacement situation, in which the photograph at time (n + 1) has an a priori expiration time prior to that of time n.
  • the first M1 message translates as A1B1C1D1
  • the second message M2 is translated as A2B2C2D2.
  • Diffusion can be organized as follows: from t1 to t2 : M1, or more generally M (I) Vn from t2 to t′2 : M2, or more generally M (I) Vn + 1 from t′2 to t′1 : SUP (1), or more generally SUP (I, Vn); with i: identifier of the message, and Vn: nth version of the message with identifier i.
  • the sequence M (J) - M (K) - SUP (I) indicates by convention that M (I) is deleted and replaced by M (J) and M (K).
  • the information SUP (I) is advantageously broadcast after the messages M (J) and M (K): this makes it possible to delimit the logical module of the messages "I, J, K", and implicitly means that the deletion of M (I) must intervene before taking into account the content of the messages M (J) and M (K).
  • the procedure adopted makes it possible to avoid sorting objects, when processing information messages for updating the information stored in the receiver.
  • the procedure for broadcasting alternative messages can be summarized as follows: - in the case of a previous multi-object message replaced at least partially by a subsequent message of the same identifier, concerning a group of objects covering at least partially the group of objects designated by said previous message, said receiver processing means proceed to the cancellation of said previous message before taking into account the content of said subsequent message; - in the case of a previous multi-object message replaced by at least two subsequent messages concerning groups of objects at least partially covering the group of objects designated by said previous message: . one of the subsequent messages is broadcast with the same identifier as said previous message; . the subsequent message (s) is broadcast with a new identifier, independent of the identifier of said previous message.
EP19890460016 1988-06-17 1989-06-14 Senden von Nachrichten, insbesondere Verkehrsnachrichten, zu festen und beweglichen Empfängern für intermittierenden Zuhören Expired - Lifetime EP0347354B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808348 1988-06-17
FR8808348A FR2633080B1 (fr) 1988-06-17 1988-06-17 Diffusion de messages d'informations, notamment d'informations routieres, a destination de recepteurs fixes ou mobiles a ecoute intermittente

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0347354A1 true EP0347354A1 (de) 1989-12-20
EP0347354B1 EP0347354B1 (de) 1993-06-09

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EP19890460016 Expired - Lifetime EP0347354B1 (de) 1988-06-17 1989-06-14 Senden von Nachrichten, insbesondere Verkehrsnachrichten, zu festen und beweglichen Empfängern für intermittierenden Zuhören

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0347354B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68906966T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2042051T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2633080B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0887782A2 (de) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Deutsche Telekom AG Fernabfragesystem zur Bereitstellung von Informationen über Verkehrsverhältnisse auf Schnellstrassen
WO1999012138A1 (en) * 1997-09-03 1999-03-11 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Navigation system for a vehicle
WO2000033278A1 (de) * 1998-11-30 2000-06-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur anforderung und zur verarbeitung von verkehrsinformationen
WO2000039774A2 (de) * 1998-12-14 2000-07-06 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur identifizierung segmentübergreifender ereignisse durch segmente
EP1033692A2 (de) * 1999-03-01 2000-09-06 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Verfahren zum Ausgeben von Verkehrsinformation in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BBC RESEARCH DEPARTMENT REPORT, no. 17, novembre 1987, pages 1-23, Tadworth, Surrey, GB; A.G. LYNER: "Experimental radio data system (RDS): A survey of reception reliability in the UK" *
RUNDFUNKTECHNISCHE MITTEILUNGEN, vol. 30, no. 3, mai/juin 1986, pages 101-108, Munich, DE; J. MIELKE et al.: "Radio-Daten-System RDS - Gegenwärtiger Entwicklungsstand und Versuchsergebnisse" *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0887782A2 (de) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Deutsche Telekom AG Fernabfragesystem zur Bereitstellung von Informationen über Verkehrsverhältnisse auf Schnellstrassen
EP0887782A3 (de) * 1997-06-27 2000-05-31 Deutsche Telekom AG Fernabfragesystem zur Bereitstellung von Informationen über Verkehrsverhältnisse auf Schnellstrassen
WO1999012138A1 (en) * 1997-09-03 1999-03-11 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Navigation system for a vehicle
WO2000033278A1 (de) * 1998-11-30 2000-06-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur anforderung und zur verarbeitung von verkehrsinformationen
WO2000039774A2 (de) * 1998-12-14 2000-07-06 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur identifizierung segmentübergreifender ereignisse durch segmente
WO2000039774A3 (de) * 1998-12-14 2000-09-21 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur identifizierung segmentübergreifender ereignisse durch segmente
EP1033692A2 (de) * 1999-03-01 2000-09-06 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Verfahren zum Ausgeben von Verkehrsinformation in einem Kraftfahrzeug
EP1033692A3 (de) * 1999-03-01 2002-02-27 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Verfahren zum Ausgeben von Verkehrsinformation in einem Kraftfahrzeug
US6868331B2 (en) 1999-03-01 2005-03-15 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Method for outputting traffic information in a motor vehicle
EP1538582A2 (de) * 1999-03-01 2005-06-08 Nokia Corporation Vorrichtung zum Ausgeben von Verkehrsinformation in einem Kraftfahrzeug
US7193528B2 (en) 1999-03-01 2007-03-20 Nokia Corporation Method for outputting traffic information in a motor vehicle
EP1538582A3 (de) * 1999-03-01 2010-07-07 Nokia Corporation Vorrichtung zum Ausgeben von Verkehrsinformation in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0347354B1 (de) 1993-06-09
DE68906966T2 (de) 1994-01-20
DE68906966D1 (de) 1993-07-15
FR2633080B1 (fr) 1990-11-09
ES2042051T3 (es) 1993-12-01
FR2633080A1 (fr) 1989-12-22

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