EP0345420B1 - Missile with a propulsive charge - Google Patents

Missile with a propulsive charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345420B1
EP0345420B1 EP89103536A EP89103536A EP0345420B1 EP 0345420 B1 EP0345420 B1 EP 0345420B1 EP 89103536 A EP89103536 A EP 89103536A EP 89103536 A EP89103536 A EP 89103536A EP 0345420 B1 EP0345420 B1 EP 0345420B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
nozzle
base
aperture
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89103536A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0345420A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Meffert
Karl-Heinz Silligmann
Siegmar Fischer
Ulf Dr. Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0345420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0345420A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0345420B1 publication Critical patent/EP0345420B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
    • F42B10/40—Range-increasing arrangements with combustion of a slow-burning charge, e.g. fumers, base-bleed projectiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile with propellant charge and floor nozzle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such projectiles can be so-called base-bleed projectiles with a gas generator to reduce the ground suction or post-accelerated RAP projectiles with rocket propulsion (rocket-assisted projectile).
  • a post-accelerated projectile is known, for example, from the Rheinmetall Weapons Technical Paperback, 6th edition 1983, page 489, picture 1119.
  • To achieve greater flight distances such projectiles have a propellant charge in the rear part, which, when the projectile is fired, e.g. B. is fired from a large-caliber barrel weapon in caliber 155 mm or 205 mm and gives the projectile the desired aerodynamic effect by escaping the hot propellant gases through the floor nozzle, d. H. it accelerates during the flight or reduces the overall resistance.
  • Threaded plugs made of metal or plastic and inserted or pressed-in plugs represent a known closure option, which has the disadvantage that these plugs must be removed by hand before the projectile is loaded into the weapon.
  • thin cover films made of metal, paper or plastic are also known.
  • this cover plate which has a cup-shaped outer edge
  • the thickness of the cover should be between about 0.5 and 1.0 mm.
  • Such thin and rigid films are very sensitive to mechanical stress such. B. pressure or shock, so that they tear during handling (transhipment, transport) of the projectile and can no longer fulfill their protective function against environmental influences.
  • mechanical stress such as B. pressure or shock
  • parts of a metallic cover plate will bend back into the nozzle opening after firing and become stuck there and disadvantageously change the cross section of the nozzle opening.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cover for floor nozzles of floors described above, which on the one hand represents a safe protection against environmental influences and on the other hand allows safe ignition and trouble-free burnout of the propellant charge inside the floor.
  • the sealing washer consists of a vulcanized rubber washer in the opening of the floor nozzle or in an insert arranged there or of a plastic washer firmly inserted there in the injection molding process.
  • the sealing washer is advantageously elastically resilient against numerous external stresses and bursts without problems when the projectile is fired.
  • the sealing disk is advantageously thicker towards the edge than in the middle.
  • Claim 4 specifies the method steps for producing an injected plastic disc.
  • An artillery projectile 10 has a cylindrical, full-caliber projectile casing 12 in the central region, and the projectile tapers to the front in an ogive 14 with a tip-side scale 16.
  • a cup-shaped projectile floor 18 with a central nozzle opening 20 is provided on the rear side via a suitable connection to the projectile casing 12.
  • a propellant charge 22 (base bleed set) with a central ignition channel 24 is arranged on the rear side of the floor.
  • a sealing disk 26 made of rubber or rubber is firmly vulcanized into the nozzle opening 20 (or firmly injected from plastic, for example nylon, polyamide or polyvinyl chloride).
  • the sealing washer 26 is thicker on the peripheral edge than in the center for better fastening in the nozzle opening 20.
  • the rubber washer can also be vulcanized into a separate insert (not shown in the drawing), which is then inserted (screwed or the like) into the nozzle opening. The same applies to the plastic disc.
  • the invention is also applicable to other projectiles or missiles (missiles) for the specified purpose have rear floor nozzles and are provided with igniter arranged within the combustion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Geschoß mit Treibladungssatz und Bodendüse nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a projectile with propellant charge and floor nozzle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Geschosse können sogenannte Base-Bleed-Geschosse mit Gasgenerator zur Verminderung des Bodensogs oder nachbeschleunigte RAP-Geschosse mit Raketenantrieb (Rocket-Assisted-Projectile) sein. Ein nachbeschleunigtes Geschoß ist zum Beispiel aus dem Rheinmetall ― Waffentechnischen Taschenbuch, 6. Auflage 1983, Seite 489, Bild 1119 bekannt. Zum Erreichen größerer Flugweiten haben derartige Geschosse im Heckteil einen Treibladungssatz, der beim Abfeuern des Geschosses, z. B. aus einer großkalibrigen Rohrwaffe im Kaliber 155 mm oder 205 mm, gezündet wird und durch Austreten der heißen Treibladungsgase durch die Bodendüse dem Geschoß den erwünschten aerodynamischen Effekt verleiht, d. h. es während des Fluges nachbeschleunigt bzw. den Gesamtwiderstand herabsetzt.Such projectiles can be so-called base-bleed projectiles with a gas generator to reduce the ground suction or post-accelerated RAP projectiles with rocket propulsion (rocket-assisted projectile). A post-accelerated projectile is known, for example, from the Rheinmetall Weapons Technical Paperback, 6th edition 1983, page 489, picture 1119. To achieve greater flight distances, such projectiles have a propellant charge in the rear part, which, when the projectile is fired, e.g. B. is fired from a large-caliber barrel weapon in caliber 155 mm or 205 mm and gives the projectile the desired aerodynamic effect by escaping the hot propellant gases through the floor nozzle, d. H. it accelerates during the flight or reduces the overall resistance.

Zur Abdichtung gegen Umwelteinflüsse wie Feuchtigkeit, Staub usw. werden die Düsenöffnungen der Bodendüse derartiger Geschosse üblicherweise verschlossen bzw. abgedichtet. Hierbei stellen Gewindestopfen aus Metall oder Kunststoff und eingesteckte bzw. eingepreßte Stopfen eine bekannte Verschlußmöglichkeit dar, die den Nachteil aufweist, daß diese Stopfen vor dem Laden des Geschosses in die Waffe von Hand entfernt werden müssen. Weiterhin sind auch dünne Abdeckfolien aus Metall, Papier oder Kunststoff bekannt. Eine aus der DE-A-3248014 bekannte aus Metall oder Kunststoff Abdeckfolie, vorzugsweise mit vorgegebenen Sollbruchstellen, platzt beim Abfeuern des Geschosses von außen nach innen in die Düsenöffnung durch den hohen Gasdruck der Treibladungsgase während der Beschleunigungsphase im Rohr auf und ermöglicht die Zündung der im Heckbereich des Geschosses angeordneten Treibladung (Bade-Bleed-Satz).To seal against environmental influences such as moisture, dust, etc., the nozzle openings of the floor nozzle of such projectiles are usually closed or sealed. Threaded plugs made of metal or plastic and inserted or pressed-in plugs represent a known closure option, which has the disadvantage that these plugs must be removed by hand before the projectile is loaded into the weapon. Furthermore, thin cover films made of metal, paper or plastic are also known. A metal or plastic cover film known from DE-A-3248014, preferably with predetermined predetermined breaking points, bursts at Firing the projectile from the outside into the nozzle opening due to the high gas pressure of the propellant gases during the acceleration phase in the tube and enables the propellant charge located in the rear area of the projectile to be ignited (bath bleed set).

Die Befestigung dieser Abdeckscheibe, die einen napfförmigen Außenrand aufweist, wird in arbeitsaufwendiger Weise durch Schweißen, Löten, Kleben oder auch durch Festklemmung mittels einer Überwurfmutter realisiert. Die Dicke der Abdeckung soll zwischen etwa 0,5 und 1,0 mm betragen. Deratig dünne und starre Folien sind sehr empfindlich gegen mechanische Beanspruchung wie z. B. Druck oder Stoß, so daß sie bereits bei Handhabung (Umladung, Transport) des Geschosses einreißen und ihre Schutzfunktion gegen Umwelteinflüsse nicht mehr erfüllen können. Außerdem besteht die Gefahr, daß Teile einer metallischen Abdeckscheibe sich nach Abschuß in die Düsenöffnung zurückbiegen und sich dort festsetzen und den Querschnitt der Düsenöffnung nachteilig verändern.The fastening of this cover plate, which has a cup-shaped outer edge, is carried out in a labor-intensive manner by welding, soldering, gluing or also by clamping using a union nut. The thickness of the cover should be between about 0.5 and 1.0 mm. Such thin and rigid films are very sensitive to mechanical stress such. B. pressure or shock, so that they tear during handling (transhipment, transport) of the projectile and can no longer fulfill their protective function against environmental influences. In addition, there is a risk that parts of a metallic cover plate will bend back into the nozzle opening after firing and become stuck there and disadvantageously change the cross section of the nozzle opening.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Abdeckung für Bodendüsen von eingangs beschriebenen Geschossen anzugeben, die einerseits einen sicheren Schutz gegen Umwelteinflüsse darstellt und andererseits eine sichere Durchzündung sowie einen störungsfreien Ausbrand des geschoßinternen Treibladungsatzes gestattet.The invention has for its object to provide a cover for floor nozzles of floors described above, which on the one hand represents a safe protection against environmental influences and on the other hand allows safe ignition and trouble-free burnout of the propellant charge inside the floor.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Dichtscheibe aus einer in die Öffnung der Bodendüse bzw. in ein dort angeordnetes Einsatzstück fest einvulkanisierten Gummischeibe oder aus einer dort im Spritzguß-Verfahren fest eingebrachten Kunststoffscheibe besteht. Die Dichtscheibe ist dadurch vorteilhafterweise elastisch nachgiebig gegen zahlreiche äußere Beanspruchungen und platzt bei Abschuß des Geschosses störungsfrei auf.This object is achieved in that the sealing washer consists of a vulcanized rubber washer in the opening of the floor nozzle or in an insert arranged there or of a plastic washer firmly inserted there in the injection molding process. The sealing washer is advantageously elastically resilient against numerous external stresses and bursts without problems when the projectile is fired.

Für eine bessere Befestigung innerhalb der sich axial erstreckenden Wandung der Düsenbohrung ist die Dichtscheibe vorteilhafterweise zum Rand hin dicker als in der Mitte ausgebildet.For a better fastening within the axially extending wall of the nozzle bore, the sealing disk is advantageously thicker towards the edge than in the middle.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Geschosses mit in die Bodendüse einvulkanisierter Gummischeibe ist in den Merkmalen des Verfahrensanspruches 3 beschrieben. Anspruch 4 gibt die Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer eingespritzten Kunststoffscheibe an.A method for producing a projectile with a rubber washer vulcanized into the floor nozzle is described in the features of method claim 3. Claim 4 specifies the method steps for producing an injected plastic disc.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines zeichnerisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Figur 2
: ein Artilleriegeschoß in Seitenansicht mit Aufschnitt im Heckbereich und
Figur 2
: eine vergrößerte Darstellung des geschnittenen Geschoßheckbereiches mit der erfindungsgemäßen Düsenabdeckung.

Show it:
Figure 2
: an artillery storey in side view with cut in the rear area and
Figure 2
: an enlarged view of the sectioned tailgate area with the nozzle cover according to the invention.

Ein Artilleriegeschoß 10 weist im mittleren Bereich eine zylinderförmige vollkalibrige Geschoßhülle 12 auf, nach vorne verjüngt sich das Geschoß in einer Ogive 14 mit einem spitzenseitigen Zunder 16.An artillery projectile 10 has a cylindrical, full-caliber projectile casing 12 in the central region, and the projectile tapers to the front in an ogive 14 with a tip-side scale 16.

Heckseitig ist ein topfförmiger Geschoßboden 18 mit zentraler Düsenöffnung 20 über eine geeignete Verbindung mit der Geschoßhülle 12 vorgesehen. Innerhalb des Geschosses ist heckseitig ein Treibladungssatz 22 (Base-Bleed-Satz) mit zentralem Zünkanal 24 angeordnet.
In die Düsenöffnung 20 ist eine Dichtscheibe 26 aus Gummi bzw. Kautschuk fest einvulkanisiert (oder aus Kunststoff, z. B. Nylon, Polyamid oder Polyvinylchlorid fest eingespritzt).A cup-shaped projectile floor 18 with a central nozzle opening 20 is provided on the rear side via a suitable connection to the projectile casing 12. A propellant charge 22 (base bleed set) with a central ignition channel 24 is arranged on the rear side of the floor.
A sealing disk 26 made of rubber or rubber is firmly vulcanized into the nozzle opening 20 (or firmly injected from plastic, for example nylon, polyamide or polyvinyl chloride).

Die Dichtscheibe 26 ist für eine bessere Befestigung in der Düsenöffnung 20 am umfangsseitigen Rand dicker als in der Mitte ausgebildet.The sealing washer 26 is thicker on the peripheral edge than in the center for better fastening in the nozzle opening 20.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Geschoßbodens 18 mit in die Bodendüse 20 einvulkanisierter Gummischeibe 18 umfaßt folgende Schritte:

  • ― das topfförmige Bodenstück (18) des Geschosses (10) bzw. ein Düseneinsatzstück wird als Einzelteil in eine entsprechende Vulkanisierungseinrichtung eingelegt,
  • ― die Düsenöffnung (20) wird von der Geschoßinnenseite her mittels eines Stempels, einer Scheibe oder ähnlichem verschlossen,
  • ― in die verbleibende Vertiefung der Düsenöffnung (20) entsprechend der Wanddicke des Bodenstückes (18) wird eine flüssige Kautschukmischung eingefüllt,
  • ― die Kautschukmischung wir unter Druck und bei erhöhter Temperatur zu der Gummidichtscheibe (26) ausvulkanisiert und
  • ― das topfförmige Bodenstück (18) bzw. das Düseneinsatzstück wird nach Einsetzen des Treibladungssatzes und gegebenenfalls weiterer Innenteile wie z. B. Zünd- und Sicherungseinheit, Tochtergeschosse oder ähnlichem fest mit dem vorderen Geschoßkörperteil (12) verbunden.
A method for producing the floor 18 with the rubber disk 18 vulcanized into the floor nozzle 20 comprises the following steps:
  • - The cup-shaped base piece (18) of the projectile (10) or a nozzle insert piece is inserted as a single part in a corresponding vulcanization device,
  • - The nozzle opening (20) is closed from the inside of the floor by means of a stamp, a disc or the like,
  • - A liquid rubber mixture is filled into the remaining recess of the nozzle opening (20) corresponding to the wall thickness of the base piece (18),
  • - The rubber mixture is vulcanized under pressure and at elevated temperature to the rubber sealing washer (26) and
  • - The cup-shaped base piece (18) or the nozzle insert is after inserting the propellant charge and possibly other inner parts such. B. ignition and fuse unit, daughter floors or the like firmly connected to the front floor body part (12).

Die Gummischeibe kann auch in ein separates (zeichnerisch nicht dargestelltes) Einsatzstück einvulkanisiert werden, das dann in die Düsenöffnung eingesetzt (verschraubt oder ähnliches) wird. Entsprechendes gilt für die Kunststoffscheibe.The rubber washer can also be vulcanized into a separate insert (not shown in the drawing), which is then inserted (screwed or the like) into the nozzle opening. The same applies to the plastic disc.

Die Erfindung ist zu dem angegebenen Zweck ebenso auf andere Geschosse oder Flugkörper (Raketen) anwendbar, die rückwärtige Bodendüsen aufweisen und mit innerhalb der Brennkammer angeordnetem Zünder versehen sind.The invention is also applicable to other projectiles or missiles (missiles) for the specified purpose have rear floor nozzles and are provided with igniter arranged within the combustion chamber.

Claims (4)

1. Projectile with a propellant charge composition, wherein, after the projectile has been fired from a barrel weapon and during the flight of the projectile, hot propellant charge gases emerge from a base nozzle, a sealing plate being provided in the base nozzle to seal it off against environmental influences, characterised by the fact that the sealing plate (26) comprises a rubber plate permanently vulcanised into the aperture of the base nozzle (20) or into an insert situated therein or a plastic plate fixed therein by an injection moulding process.
2. Projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the sealing plate (26) which is inside the aperture of the base nozzle (20) is made thicker towards the edge than in the middle.
3. Process for the production of a projectile with a rubber plate vulcanised into a base nozzle, in accordance with Claims 1 and 2, comprising the following steps:
the pot-shaped base (18) of the projectile (10) or a nozzle insert is inserted as a separate part into an appropriate vulcanisation device;
the nozzle aperture (20) is closed, from the inside of the projectile, by means of a seal, a disc or the like;
a liquid rubber mixture is introduced into the remaining depression of the nozzle aperture (20), in accordance with the wall thickness of the base (18);
the rubber mixture is vulcanised to form the rubber sealing plate (26) under pressure and at the temperatures required by the process, and
the pot-shaped base (18) or the nozzle insert is permanently connected to the front part (12) of the projectile after the insertion of the propellant charge composition and any further internal parts such as a detonator fuse unit, slave projectiles or the like.
4. Process for the production of a projectile with a plastic plate injection moulded into a base nozzle, in accordance with Claims 1 and 2, comprising the following steps:
the pot-shaped base (18) of the projectile (10) or a nozzle insert is inserted as a separate part into an appropriate injection moulding apparatus;
the nozzle aperture (20) is closed from the inside of the projectile by means of a seal, a disc or the like;
a liquid plastic composition is injected into the remaining depression of the nozzle aperture (20) in accordance with the wall thickness of the base (18) and at increased temperature;
the plastic composition is hardened, possibly under pressure or by cooling, to form a plastic sealing plate (26), and
the pot-shaped base (18) or the nozzle insert is permanently connected to the front part (12) of the projectile, after the insertion of the propellant charge and any further internal parts such as a detonator or fuse unit, slave projectiles or the like.
EP89103536A 1988-06-09 1989-03-01 Missile with a propulsive charge Expired - Lifetime EP0345420B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3819640 1988-06-09
DE3819640A DE3819640A1 (en) 1988-06-09 1988-06-09 STOREY WITH DRIVE CHARGER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345420A1 EP0345420A1 (en) 1989-12-13
EP0345420B1 true EP0345420B1 (en) 1991-11-27

Family

ID=6356201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89103536A Expired - Lifetime EP0345420B1 (en) 1988-06-09 1989-03-01 Missile with a propulsive charge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4930420A (en)
EP (1) EP0345420B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3819640A1 (en)
IL (1) IL90557A (en)
NO (1) NO890886L (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9216295D0 (en) * 1992-07-31 1998-05-06 Secr Defence Long range artillery range
US5353711A (en) * 1993-10-04 1994-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Extended range artillery projectile
DE19751932C2 (en) * 1997-11-22 2001-04-19 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Gas generator for increasing the range of a storey and storey with a gas generator
US6125763A (en) * 1998-08-14 2000-10-03 Environmental Aeroscience Corp. Integral solid booster and hybrid thrust sustaining system and projectile incorporating the same
US8671839B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2014-03-18 Joseph M. Bunczk Projectile and munition including projectile
DE102014109077A1 (en) 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh artillery shell
DE102017105565A1 (en) 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Ammunition and logistics concept for in particular artillery projectiles
DE102018115072A1 (en) 2018-06-22 2019-12-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh De-activatable base bleed

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3044254A (en) * 1955-03-14 1962-07-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Rocket motor
US3369485A (en) * 1965-04-12 1968-02-20 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Thin-walled,gun-launched vehicles
US3754507A (en) * 1972-05-30 1973-08-28 Us Navy Penetrator projectile
AT317724B (en) * 1972-09-21 1974-09-10 Assmann Geb Sealing of grenades
DE2634518C2 (en) * 1976-07-31 1986-04-17 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Projectile with at least one pyrotechnic set, in particular a tracer set
DE3248014A1 (en) * 1982-12-24 1984-07-05 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Breech unit for propulsion charge detonators
FR2572512B1 (en) * 1984-10-25 1987-09-25 Luchaire Sa DEVICE, ADAPTABLE ON MACHINERY OR AMMUNITION, SUCH AS ARTILLERY PROJECTILES, INTENDED TO REDUCE THEIR PANT TRAIL

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DUBBEL Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau, Band 1, 1974, Seiten 613, 710, 818 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0345420A1 (en) 1989-12-13
NO890886L (en) 1989-12-11
NO890886D0 (en) 1989-03-02
IL90557A (en) 1996-08-04
US4930420A (en) 1990-06-05
DE3819640A1 (en) 1989-12-14
DE58900489D1 (en) 1992-01-09

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