DE102019126585A1 - Shortened range bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to ensure that a projectile (1), in particular a training projectile, with a projectile body (2), a projectile casing (7) and a projectile head (3) becomes incapable of flight after a predetermined flight time or flight distance, it is provided that the projectile head ( 3) has a flat or flattened projectile front (5). To support this aim of flight inability or as an alternative, it is provided that the projectile jacket (7) is divided into several projectile jacket sections (7.1, 7.2, 7.3), the individual projectile jacket section (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) leading to the subsequent projectile jacket section (7.2, 7.3) rejuvenating is listed. As a result, surfaces (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) running towards the projectile axis (10) are formed on the projectile body (2), as a result of which the resistance surfaces on the projectile (1) are increased.

Description

The invention is concerned with a projectile, in particular a training projectile, with a shortened range. The invention relates to the design of projectiles or missiles, in particular their ogives or tip or projectile front and their lateral surface, which influences the range of the projectile or missile through a preferably adjustable shape or geometry. A special geometry ensures that a high drag coefficient (Cw value) is generated over the entire trajectory of the projectile or missile in order to obtain a strongly decelerated projectile.

From the DE 10 2015 117 003 a projectile with a reduced range is known. The projectile comprises a projectile body, a projectile ogive and at least one tracer and / or a delay element. In order to reduce the speed and also the trajectory, it is proposed to incorporate a pressure-generating charge in the projectile body which is functionally connected to the at least one tracer and / or delay element. The pressure generating charge should in turn act on the bullet log with predetermined breaking points and tear or open them.

The DE 10 201 116 985 A1 deals with a self-consuming projectile, with a projectile casing and at least one pyrotechnic charge integrated into the projectile casing. Because the projectile burns at a defined speed, it loses mass so that a specified effective distance is not exceeded.

With the DE 30 45 129 C2 A training projectile with a shortened range is disclosed that has a recess, the opening of which lies in the area of a projectile ogive and is closed by a material that can be melted by frictional heat, the recess containing a gas under pressure.

The DE 32 01 629 C2 uses braking surfaces to shorten the range, which means that it is not the flight speed of the projectile but its spin that is slowed down. If the rotational speed of the bullet falls below a certain value, the bullet suddenly becomes unstable in its trajectory, so that it tilts and is strongly braked.

With the DE 41 41 082 C2 a twist-stabilized training projectile with a shortened range is proposed, which has a jacket with a movable jacket element. In addition, the projectile comprises a piston which is displaceable in a cylinder space and delimits a pressure chamber and locks the movable casing element in its end position.

The DE 100 01 503 C1 presents an inexpensive practice ammunition based on a sub-caliber bullet with a heavy metal penetrator. Directly or indirectly connected to this penetrator is a braking device that significantly increases the natural air resistance of the original bullet.

A training ammunition with a range-shortening, aerodynamically acting brake gun can DE 21 55 467 C1 can be removed. A front part of a bullet log consists of a material that can be melted due to air resistance. When the projectile enters a braking zone, the front part bursts after melting and is separated from the projectile body. The incoming air then causes the air resistance of the projectile to increase significantly.

The object of the invention is to show a further possibility of realizing a projectile, in particular a training projectile, with a shortened range.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

The invention is based on the idea of subjecting a projectile to a shape adaptation or geometry change in order to generate a high drag coefficient (Cw value) over the entire flight path while maintaining a stable flight path.

To enable the projectiles or cartridges to be fed into a weapon, a protective hood can be mounted on a flat projectile tip, which is detached from the projectile at its muzzle, for example by the twist when passing through a weapon barrel. For this purpose, the protective hood can have predetermined breaking points and consist, for example, of plastic. After detaching the protective cover, this releases the function of the aerodynamic projectile front. Depending on the shot safety area to be observed, the front of the projectile can be adjusted and, depending on the situation, a protective hood can be dispensed with.

The projectile has a flat projectile syringe or a large-area projectile front. In the case of a flattened projectile front, the projectile tip is preferably designed as a truncated cone.

Furthermore, the lateral surface can be designed in a step-like manner. This gives rise to the flat or flattened projectile front air attack surfaces on the shell surface of the projectile.

Due to the now large-area projectile front and / or the design of the shell surface of the projectile, the drag coefficient is greatly increased, especially in the subsonic area, which causes a strong braking of the projectile in flight and thus guarantees compliance with a certain safety area.

With the change in geometry at the tip of the projectile and / or lateral surface, the flight range of projectiles can be influenced, in particular reduced. That is, by changing the geometry of the projectiles, the range or flight distance of the projectiles can be massively shortened while maintaining a stable trajectory. This meets a requirement for projectiles with a greatly reduced flight range. Such a solution is suitable for shooting ranges of limited size or area.

In addition to the massive increase in the drag coefficient, another advantage is that the range reduction function is temperature-independent. The production of the projectiles themselves is also inexpensive. The grooves can be made in the projectile jacket of the projectile body using a machining process.

In order to ensure that a projectile, in particular a training projectile, with a projectile body, a projectile casing and a projectile head is unable to fly after a predetermined flight time or flight distance, it is provided that the projectile head has a flat or flattened projectile front. As an alternative or to support the aim of the projectile being unable to fly, it is provided that the projectile casing is divided into several projectile casing sections. The individual projectile casing section is shown tapering towards the subsequent projectile casing section. As a result, surfaces are formed on the projectile body that extend towards the axis of the projectile, as a result of which the resistance surfaces on the projectile, in particular on the projectile body, are increased. If a sufficient drag coefficient is created by these surfaces running to the axis of the floor, a flat or flattened floor front can be dispensed with.

The shortening of the flight path is only achieved through the external geometry of the projectile. There is no pyrotechnics on the floor. The basic principle of shortening the flight path is reflected in a simple design. Absolute reliability is guaranteed, as the function is given from the moment it is launched. The basic principle can be adapted to the smallest caliber, as no trigger mechanisms are necessary to fulfill the function. The projectiles have an unlimited service life and no parts or parts that detach from the projectile immediately after the muzzle (without protective or projectile hood).

The invention is to be explained in more detail with the aid of a single figure example.

One storey is shown 1 , for example a 30mm training bullet for a barrel weapon, with a projectile body 2 and a projectile head located at the forward end 3 . If desired, the bullet head can 3 from a floor hood 4th be enclosed. This can improve the feedability of the projectile 1 into a barrel weapon (not shown) on the projectile head 3 be mounted. The projectile hood 4th may not have predetermined breaking points shown in detail. The material of the projectile hood is preferred 4th a plastic.

The projectile head 3 has a flat face or projectile front in this illustration 5 on. The frontal area 5 runs preferably over the entire caliber diameter d ₁ and can also include a radius. The frontal area 5 of the projectile head 3 can also be smaller than the caliber diameter d ₁ (not shown in detail). In this case, a truncated cone-like geometry is preferred, with a top surface of the end face or the projectile front of the projectile 1 corresponds to. The geometry specification of the storey front 5 represents a measure to reduce the range of the floor 1 represent.

The projectile body 2 has so-called punctures over its bullet jacket 6.1 , 6.2 and 6.3 on the caliber diameter d ₁ . These punctures 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 are circumferentially, preferably all or completely, in the bullet jacket 7th (shown in phantom) provided. The punctures 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 can be introduced by means of a machining process. Through these punctures 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 are on the projectile body 2 (Resistance) surfaces 8.1 , 8.2 and 8.3 created. The projectile body 2 or the bullet jacket 7th is thereby divided into several bullet jacket sections 7.1 , 7.2 , 7.3 subdivided, which in turn, _{starting from the caliber diameter d 1} , taper to the projectile axis 10, wherein the projectile jacket section 7.1 with the caliber diameter d ₁ to the following projectile casing section 7.2 it tapers out, which begins itself with the caliber diameter d ₁ to the subsequent projectile casing section 7.3 tapered towards etc. The projectile body 2 at least two projectile casing sections 7.1 , 7.2 on, which can be designed differently in length and design.

About the choice of the angle size of the angle α of the grooves 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 can be the area size of the areas 8.1 , 8.2 , 8.3 can be set. An angle α of approximately 10-20 ° between the projectile jacket sections is preferred 7.1 , 7.2 , 7.3 and the caliber diameter d ₁ is included. The aforementioned measure also serves to reduce the range of the projectile 1 .

In the preferred embodiment, both measures are combined with one another.

With 9 a guide tape is marked, which the twist on the projectile 1 transmits.

• Das Geschoss 1 wird aus einem nicht näher dargestellten Waffenrohr einer nicht näher dargestellten Rohrwaffe getrieben, d.h. verschossen. Bei Vorhandensein einer Schutzhaube oder Geschosshaube 4, löst sich diese nach dem Rohrdurchgang, beispielsweise durch den Geschossdrall, vom Geschoss 1 ab. Das Ablösen wird durch die Sollbruchstellen unterstützt.
• Das Geschoss 1 fliegt nunmehr ohne Geschosshaube 4, wodurch die Luft an die plane Stirnfläche bzw. Geschossfront 5 des Geschosskopfes 3 angreifen kann. Des Weiteren bildet sich ein Widerstand an den Flächen 8.1, 8.2, 8.3. In Summe beider Maßnahmen wird bewirkt, dass der sich dabei aufbauende Widerstandsbeiwert das Geschoss 1 stark abgebremst und dieses dann planmäßig herunterfällt.

The way it works is as follows:

• The projectile 1 is driven, ie fired, from a gun barrel, not shown, of a barrel gun, not shown in detail. If a protective hood or bullet hood is available 4th , it detaches from the projectile after the pipe has passed through, for example due to the projectile twist 1 from. The detachment is supported by the predetermined breaking points.
• The projectile 1 now flies without a missile hood 4th , whereby the air to the flat face or front of the storey 5 of the projectile head 3 can attack. Furthermore, resistance is formed on the surfaces 8.1 , 8.2 , 8.3 . The sum of both measures has the effect that the drag coefficient that builds up the projectile 1 strongly braked and this then falls down as planned.

The flight time or flight distance can be preset by means of the projectile and / or projectile casing geometry. The flight distance can be set by varying the angle α of the punctures 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 and / or the shape of the front of the storey 5 of the warhead 3 done, which is an advantage.

Setting variants are therefore possible within the scope of the invention. So the angle (α) of the grooves 6.1 , 6.2 , 6.3 be different. The angle α of the recess 6.1 can therefore differ from the angle α of the recess 6.2 or 6.3 distinguish what also applies to the puncture 6.2 in relation to the puncture 6.3 may apply and vice versa.

The number of punctures is also not limited to three. There is a free choice here and is to be selected depending on the desired flight time or flight distance. In addition, the bullet jacket sections 7.1 , 7.2 , 7.3 be of different lengths. Ie the bullet jacket section 7.1 is longer than the bullet jacket section 7.2 Etc.

Also the shape of the front of the storey 5 is variable. As already mentioned, this can be selected flat, flattened or the like.

In addition to a flat, smooth one, other surface types and shapes of the storey front can also be used 5 are provided. So can the surface of the bullet head 3 for example, can also be rough. The person skilled in the art knows other possibilities.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102015117003 [0002]
• DE 10201116985 A1 [0003]
• DE 3045129 C2 [0004]
• DE 3201629 C2 [0005]
• DE 4141082 C2 [0006]
• DE 10001503 C1 [0007]
• DE 2155467 C1 [0008]

Claims (10)

Projectile (1), in particular training projectile, with a projectile body (2), a projectile casing (7) and a projectile head (3), characterized in that the projectile head (3) has a flat projectile front (5) and / or the projectile casing (7 ) is divided into several projectile jacket sections (7.1, 7.2, 7.3), at least two, the individual projectile jacket section (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) tapering towards the subsequent projectile jacket section (7.2, 7.3), whereby the projectile body (2) to the projectile axis (10 ) running surfaces (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are formed. Floor (1) Claim 1 , characterized in that the projectile head (3) can be encased by a projectile hood (4) which can be mounted on the projectile head (3). Floor (1) Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that grooves (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) are made circumferentially in the projectile casing (7) for the taper, each of which enclose an angle (α). Floor (1) after one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the projectile front (5) extends over the caliber diameter (d ₁ ). Floor (1) after one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the projectile head (3) is designed like a truncated cone. Floor (1) after one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that a surface of the projectile front (5) of the projectile head (3) is smooth. Floor (1) after one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that a surface of the projectile front (5) of the projectile head (3) is rough. Floor (1) after one of the Claims 2 to 7th , characterized in that the projectile hood (4) has predetermined breaking points. Floor (1) after one of the Claims 3 to 8th , characterized in that the angles (α) of the grooves (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) can be different from one another. Floor (1) after one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the projectile jacket sections (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) can be of different lengths.

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