EP0344349B1 - Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents

Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344349B1
EP0344349B1 EP19880108869 EP88108869A EP0344349B1 EP 0344349 B1 EP0344349 B1 EP 0344349B1 EP 19880108869 EP19880108869 EP 19880108869 EP 88108869 A EP88108869 A EP 88108869A EP 0344349 B1 EP0344349 B1 EP 0344349B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
comparator
misfiring
spark
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880108869
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0344349A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Dipl.-Ing. Schleupen
Christian Zimmermann
Arndt-Matthias Langner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority to DE19883852390 priority Critical patent/DE3852390T2/de
Priority to EP19880108869 priority patent/EP0344349B1/de
Publication of EP0344349A1 publication Critical patent/EP0344349A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P11/00—Safety means for electric spark ignition, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P11/06—Indicating unsafe conditions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the detection of misfiring in spark ignition engines.
  • misfiring for example due to worn spark plugs, defective ignition cable or the like
  • it is particularly desirable to detect misfiring (for example due to worn spark plugs, defective ignition cable or the like) as soon as it begins to occur because it can lead to overheating or ruining of the catalyst due to the presence of unburnt fuel in the exhaust from the engine.
  • the EP-A-20 069 describes an apparatus for testing an internal combustion engine ignition system, with a detected signal indicative of the voltage in the primary windings of the ignition coil. This signal is compared with a generated reference voltage having a predetermined magnitude and a predetermined duration. When the magnitude of a signal derived from the detected signal falls below the predetermined magnitude of the generated reference voltage after the end of the predetermined duration, a fault condition is indicated.
  • misfiring is detected from the voltage characteristic induced in the ignition coil when a spark occurs.
  • the secondary voltage is maintained at a certain level for a certain length of time until the ignition spark breaks down.
  • the primary voltage may decay immediately from an initially high voltage or the spark may break down very quickly.
  • the shape of the voltage characteristic can be used to detect misfiring.
  • the present invention provides a method of detecting misfiring in an internal combustion engine comprising detecting a signal indicative of the voltage induced in the primary winding of the ignition coil, generating a reference voltage representing normal firing and comparing the detected voltage with the reference voltage.
  • the reference voltage is a pulse having a predetermined magnitude and a predetermined duration and the detected voltage is compared to the reference voltage so as to detect when the magnitude of the detected voltage falls below said predetermined magnitude before the end of the duration.
  • the circuit comprises a transistor T1 whose base is connected to the terminal KL 15 of the ignition coil via resistor R1 and diode D1.
  • the collector of the transistor T1 is connected to ground via resistors R2 and R3.
  • the emitter is connected to a terminal KL 1.
  • the terminals KL1 and KL15 are the primary terminals of the ignition coil with KL15 on the battery side such that the voltage at KL15 is the battery voltage supplied via the ignition lock.
  • the junction between resistors R2 and R3 is connected to a first input of a comparator 10 via line L1. Signals supplied to the comparator 10 are smoothed by a capacitor C1 connected between L1 and ground and limited by a diode D2 connected between L1 and ground.
  • Voltage pulses to be described below are supplied to a second input of comparator 10 via a second line L2.
  • a voltage divider formed by resistors R4 and R3 connected between a 5 volt supply rail and earth ensures that a certain minimum voltage is always supplied via line L1 to the first input of the comparator 10.
  • R4 and R3 form a voltage divider with the ratio of R4 to R3 being about 10 so that a minimum of 1/2 volt is supplied to the first input of the comparator 10.
  • the first input of the comparator mentioned above is preferably the non-inverting input and the second input is preferably the non-inverting input.
  • misfiring can be detected by examining the shape of the voltage characteristic.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 1 is intended to examine the shape of the primary voltage characteristic.
  • the voltages induced in the primary winding are then applied to the circuit of Figure 1 across terminals K1 and K15.
  • the transistor T1 together with components D1, R1, R2, R3 detects changes in the voltage induced in the primary and applies them to the comparator 10.
  • the pupose of the components R2 and D2 is to protect the comparator 10.
  • the voltage induced in the primary in response to spark production is hereinafter referred to as "the spark duration signal".
  • Figure 2(a) shows a typical spark duration signal occurring during normal operation of the engine.
  • the primary voltage initially increases to a maximum, drops after spark firing at the spark plug to a value which is proportional to the so-called “spark burning voltage” and decays in a damped oscillation after breakdown of the ignition spark.
  • the spark For normal operation of the engine the spark must be maintained for a predetermined length of time which is greater than or equal to a "minimum spark duration". If the spark breaks down too quickly the result is misfiring.
  • Figure 3(a) illustrates the type of spark duration signal which occurs when there is no spark firing.
  • the primary voltage decays immediately in a damped oscillation.
  • the amplitude characteristic and frequency of the oscillation depend on the stored energy and also the values of R, L and C of the ignition circuit.
  • Figures 2(b) and 3(b) each show the smoothed spark duration signal as applied to the input of comparator 10.
  • the smoothed voltages decay to the 5 voltage level supplied via the voltage divider comprising resistors R4 and R3.
  • the comparator in this embodiment produces a HIGH output when the voltage at the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage at the inverting input. Thus when there is no voltage induced in the primary of the ignition coil and no voltage at the inverting input, the output of the comparator is at HIGH.
  • the voltage pulses supplied to the inverting input of the comparator are generated in response to the ignition point.
  • Figures 2(c) and 3(c) each show one such pulse. Each pulse begins at a delay time after the ignition point. The magnitude of the pulses is selected such that during spark maintenance the output from the comparator is at a high level. This is illustrated in Figure 2(d) which shows the output from the comparator during normal operation.
  • the duration of the pulses is selected to correspond to the minimum spark duration. Thus, if the spark is not maintained for the minimum spark duration the output from the comparator 10 will switch to a LOW level until the end of the generated pulse as illustrated in Figure 3(d). Thus LOW at the output from the comparator 10 indicates misfiring.
  • the pulses may be generated by the microcomputer, in a simple transistorised ignition system they may be generated by a monoflop stage or the like.
  • the detection of misfiring can be used in a number of ways.
  • An optical or acoustic signal can be provided as a warning to the driver.
  • the fuel injection to selected cylinders may be cut out in response to the LOW signal at the comparator.
  • the LOW signal may also be used to switch over to an emergency running program to limit the catalyst temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Verfahren zum Erfassen von Fehlzündungen in einem Verbrennungsmotor mit Erfassen eines Signals, das die Spannung in der Primärwicklung der Zündspule zeigt, Generieren eines Referenz-Spannungsimpulses bei Zündung der normale Zündung darstellt und eine festgelegte Amplitude und eine festgelegte Dauer hat, sowie Vergleichen des erfaßten Spannungssignals mit dem Referenz-Spannungsimpuls, um den Fall festzustellen, daß die Amplitude des erfaßten Signals unter die erwähnte, festgelegte Amplitude des Referenz-Spannungsimpulses vor Ablauf der festgelegten Zeit sinkt, so daß Fehlzündungen im Motor aufgezeigt werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erfaßte Signal von der Primärwicklung der Zündspule abgeleitet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspannung und die Referenzspannung in einem Komparator (10) verglichen werden.
EP19880108869 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen Expired - Lifetime EP0344349B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883852390 DE3852390T2 (de) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen.
EP19880108869 EP0344349B1 (de) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19880108869 EP0344349B1 (de) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344349A1 EP0344349A1 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344349B1 true EP0344349B1 (de) 1994-12-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880108869 Expired - Lifetime EP0344349B1 (de) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Zündaussetzern bei fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen

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EP (1) EP0344349B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3852390T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3909906A1 (de) * 1989-03-25 1990-09-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Schaltungsanordnung zur ueberwachung einer hochspannungszuendanlage
DE3924130A1 (de) * 1989-07-20 1991-01-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur erkennung fehlender oder schlechter verbrennungen in otto-motoren
DE4116642C2 (de) * 1990-08-25 2000-05-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zündanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Überwachungsschaltung zum Erkennen von Zündaussetzern
DE4035957A1 (de) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur funktionsueberwachung von brennkraftmaschinen
DE4039356C1 (de) * 1990-12-10 1992-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE4127969A1 (de) * 1991-08-23 1993-02-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum detektieren einer kontaktierung von messleitungen
FR2680833B1 (fr) * 1991-08-29 1993-11-26 Renault Regie Nale Usines Procede et dispositif de detection de l'encrassement d'une bougie.
FR2688272B1 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1995-10-06 Marelli Autronica Dispositif d'allumage electronique a bobine pour moteur a allumage commande.
DE4437480C1 (de) * 1994-10-20 1996-03-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Funktionsüberwachung einer Brennkraftmaschine zum Erkennen von Zündaussetzern
DE19524499B4 (de) * 1995-07-05 2008-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE19536324A1 (de) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum Prüfen der Zündanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine
FR2752598B1 (fr) * 1996-08-21 1998-10-09 Renault Procede et dispositif de diagnostic de l'allumage d'un moteur thermique par mesure de l'impedance d'ionisation
ATE360875T1 (de) * 2002-08-05 2007-05-15 Thyssenkrupp Krause Gmbh Prüfschaltung für eine zündspule und verfahren zum prüfen einer zündspule
FR2919901B1 (fr) * 2007-08-08 2010-02-26 Renault Sas Dispositif de generation de plasma radiofrequence
DE102011017569A1 (de) 2011-04-27 2012-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erkennen eines sekundären Leerlaufs einer Zündspule beim Betreiben einer Zündanlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3065662D1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1983-12-29 Lucas Ind Plc Apparatus for use in testing an internal combustion engine ignition system
JPS5786569A (en) * 1980-11-18 1982-05-29 Toshiba Corp Ignition detective circuit
US4661778A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-04-28 Ford Motor Company Ignition diagnostic monitor
DE3629824A1 (de) * 1986-09-02 1988-03-10 Telefunken Electronic Gmbh Elektronische schaltung zur erkennung von zuendaussetzern

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Publication number Publication date
DE3852390D1 (de) 1995-01-19
DE3852390T2 (de) 1995-05-18
EP0344349A1 (de) 1989-12-06

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